Solar LED street lamp Storage battery protecting deviceTechnical field
The utility model relates to solar power supply apparatus technical fields, and in particular to a kind of solar LED street lamp electric power storagePond protective device.
Background technique
Battery is the energy storage device of solar battery, and effect is the extra electric energy storage for generating square matrix when there is sunshineIt stores away, is used at night or rainy days for load.Battery is a kind of electrochmical power source, and direct current energy is changed into chemistry by itIt can store.Chemical energy is changed into electric energy again when needing to release.The conversion process of energy is reversible, the former is known asBattery charging, the latter are known as electric power storage tank discharge.
The use process of battery and maintenance work have a significant impact to the life of storage battery.Firstly, depth of discharge is to storageThe cycle life of battery influences very big, the frequent deep discharge of battery, and cycle life will shorten.Secondly, reaching full stateAfterwards, it also continues charging, as the overcharge of battery, such way may cause inner pressure of battery raising, cell deformation, leakageSituations such as occur, the performance of battery also can be significantly reduced and be damaged.
Existing solar street light realizes the switching of accumulator charging/discharging process by switch, has within hundred days to connect when illumination and fillElectrical circuit disconnects charge circuit to charge the battery, when night no light and connects load and illuminated.It is this to open the light usuallyTimer or photo resistance realize charge and discharge alternately with this battery.But this mode cannot be detected effectivelyThe use state of battery cannot control effectively for the charging and discharging state of battery, to make the use longevity of batteryLife greatly shortens.
Utility model content
The utility model, which will solve existing solar street light, cannot detect the charging and discharging state of battery, not can effectively preventThe overcharging of battery, overdischarge and the technical issues of lead to its reduced service life.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solution:
Design a kind of solar LED street lamp Storage battery protecting device, including voltage sampling unit and output control unit；Voltage sampling unit is used to acquire the voltage signal of battery and generates control signal, and output control unit is used to receive generationSignal is controlled to change the on off operating mode of circuit；Voltage sampling unit includes voltage comparator, the comparison voltage of voltage comparatorInput terminal is connected by divider resistance with battery, and the reference voltage input of voltage comparator passes through zener diode and electric power storagePond is connected；Output control unit includes relay and relay drive circuit.
Further, divider resistance is potentiometer, for different size battery by adjust potentiometer resistance value comeAdjustment overcharge, the preset value of over-discharge voltage.
Further, relay drive circuit includes two concatenated NPN triodes, and the base stage of rear stage triode is with beforeThe collector of level-one triode is connected, and relay is driven using the switching characteristic of triode, and two triode warps of connectingThe amplification of two poles improves driving capability.
Further, the charging end of battery and discharge end are provided with light emitting diode, play mark battery-operatedThe effect of state.
Further, battery is also connected with electric fuse, can be timely when abnormal factors cause charge and discharge electric current excessiveCut-off loop.
Further, voltage comparator is LM339 voltage comparator, and the voltage comparator switch speed is fast, delay timeIt is small, help to improve the operational efficiency of circuit.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effects of the utility model are:
1. the utility model can effectively detect the operating status of battery, cooperate voltage comparator energy using divider resistanceThe variation of enough accurate detection battery voltages, when the voltage value detected is more than or is lower than preset value, voltage comparesDevice can export control signal.
2. the utility model can effective protection battery, occur overcharging in battery, overdischarge when can cut off electricity in timeSource effectively extends the service life of battery whereby.
3. the utility model structure is simple, the acquisition of voltage signal is realized by voltage comparator and controls relay and is realizedThe switching of circuit state does not need complicated software and hardware structure, and realizes automatic switchover, without human intervention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the utility model solar LED street lamp Storage battery protecting device circuit structure diagram.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate specific embodiment of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but following embodiment only usesIt is described in detail the utility model, does not limit the scope of the utility model in any way.
Unit module, components involved in following embodiment, structure, mechanism are then unless otherwise instructed routineCommercial product.
Embodiment 1: a kind of solar LED street lamp Storage battery protecting device is solar panels input referring to Fig. 1, COM1Interface, both ends are parallel with Light-emitting diode LED 2 and battery, and COM2 is the input/output interface of battery, the interface of COM2Place is in series with fuse FUSE1.Light emitting diode and battery are electrically connected by the contact K1 of relay J1 with solar panels.VoltageVoltage acquisition unit, "+" input terminal are connected to the battery comparator U1A by zener diode ZD1 to charge the battery,"-" input terminal is connected to the battery by potentiometer RP1；Voltage comparator U1B is discharge voltage acquisition unit, "-" inputEnd is connected to the battery by zener diode ZD1, and "+" input terminal is connected to the battery by potentiometer RP2；Voltage comparatorThe output end of U1A is connected with triode Q1, and the collector of triode Q1 is connected with the base stage of triode Q2, the current collection of triode Q2Pole is connected with relay J1, and the other end of collector J1 is connected on battery；The output end of voltage comparator U1B is connected with threeThe collector of pole pipe Q3, triode Q3 are connected with the base stage of triode Q4, and the collector of triode Q4 is connected with relay J2, collectionThe other end of electrode J2 is connected on battery.The collector of triode Q4 is connected ground connection with the cathode of Light-emitting diode LED 1,The anode of LED1 is connected to the battery by the contact K2 of relay J2.In the present embodiment, voltage comparator U1A, U1B is adoptedWith LM339 voltage comparator, LM339 is the voltage comparator of a profession, and switch speed is fast, and delay time is small, can effectively mentionThe working efficiency of high circuit.
The course of work of the present embodiment is as follows: voltage compares its U1A and the concatenated relay composition of its output end overchargesControl loop produces electricl energy the contact through relay J1 by solar panels when having sunlight to be in normal charging condition daytimeK1 charges to battery, when battery voltage is lower, due to the clamped effect of voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1, so that the voltage at the both ends ZD1 is greater thanThe voltage at the both ends potentiometer RP1, i.e. the "+" input terminal of voltage comparator U1A are greater than "-" input terminal, the high electricity of U1A output at this timeIt is flat, triode Q1 conducting, while Q2 ends, relay J1 does not have electric current to pass through；As charging progresses, the both ends potentiometer RP1Voltage be gradually increased, and the voltage at the both ends voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1 is constant, when the voltage of battery is higher than charging preset value, batteryIn overcharging state, the voltage at the both ends potentiometer RP1 is greater than the voltage at the both ends voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1, i.e. U1A "-" input terminal electricity at this timePressure is higher than "+" input terminal voltage, and U1A exports low level, Q1 cut-off, while Q2 is connected, and relay coil J1 is powered, relay touchingPoint K1 is disconnected and the contact connecting with LED2 is connected, and charging, which is interrupted and overcharges indicator light LED1, lights, and realization overcharges protection.
Voltage compares its U1B and the concatenated relay of its output end constitutes over-discharge control loop, when night no light storesWhen battery regular picture, discharge circuit is worked normally, and the contact of relay K2 is connected with the switch K3 of street lamp.Battery electricity at this timeAmount is sufficient, and the voltage at the both ends potentiometer RP2 is greater than the voltage at the both ends voltage-stablizer ZD1, i.e. the "+" input terminal of voltage comparator U1BGreater than "-" input terminal, U1A exports high level, triode Q3 conducting at this time, and Q4 ends, and relay J2 does not have electric current to pass through；WithThe progress of electric discharge, the voltage of battery gradually decrease, and the voltage at the both ends potentiometer RP2 decreases, but the both ends voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1Voltage is constant, when the voltage of battery is lower than electric discharge preset value, it is believed that battery is in over-discharge state, at this time potentiometer RP2The voltage at both ends is less than the voltage at the both ends voltage-stabiliser tube ZD1, i.e. the "+" input terminal voltage of voltage comparator U1B is inputted lower than its "-"Voltage is held, then U1B exports low level, triode Q3 cut-off, while Q4 is connected, and relay coil J2 is powered, the touching of relay J2Point K2 is disconnected and is connected with LED1, and electric discharge is interrupted and over-discharge indicator light LED1 is lighted, and realizes Cross prevention.
The utility model is described in detail above in conjunction with drawings and examples, still, the skill of technical fieldArt personnel, can also be to each specific in above-described embodiment it is understood that without departing from the purpose of the present inventionParameter changes, and forms multiple specific embodiments, is the common variation range of the utility model, no longer detailed one by one hereinIt states.