Utility model content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the utility model proposes a kind of photocuring 3D printing equipment, it can be with higher effectRate safe and accurately carries out the 3 D-printing of photocuring.Specifically,
The one side of the utility model discloses a kind of photocuring 3D printing equipment comprising shaped platform 2, slurry holdDevice 3, linear module 4, rotary module 5, separator 6, flattening device 7, projection arrangement 8.
The linear module connects the shaped platform, and is configured to keep the shaped platform vertically upper and lowerLifting.
The separator may include supporting rack, and be configured to that support frame as described above is made to rotate around the axis.
The rotary module is fixed on support frame as described above.The rotary module may include hollow turntable, and be configuredAt enabling the hollow turntable to be rotated around own central axis and drive the slurry container synchronous rotary.
The slurry container may include side wall and light transmission bottom plate.
The flattening device is fixed on support frame as described above, and may include scraper plate and adjustment module, the adjustment moduleIt is configured to adjust multiple direction parameters of the scraper plate (71) independently of one another.
The projection arrangement is fixed below the slurry container, and can be configured to the light projected by it and can be wornIt crosses the rotary module and the light transmission bottom plate is irradiated on the shaped platform.
The control system be configured to when receiving abnormal signal suspend or terminate printing, with prevent equipment byDamage.
Further, the linear module 4 may include for connecting the cantilever 44 of the shaped platform 2 and being set to instituteThe adjustment mechanism 441 on cantilever 44 is stated, the adjustment mechanism 441 includes upper pulling plug 4411, pushes bolt 4412 and locking bolt 4413.By this adjustment mechanism 441, the adjustment of relative bearing between shaped platform and slurry easily and conveniently can be accurately realized.Preferably, adjustment mechanism 441 can be respectively equipped on four angles of cantilever 44, so as on multiple sensitive positions atThe direction parameter of type platform is adjusted, to expand shaped platform orientation adjustable range and ability.
Further, the slurry container 3 can also include release film 35 and anti-vacuum interlayer 36, wherein the anti-vacuumInterlayer 36 is arranged between the release film 35 and the dianegative 32 to prevent from forming vacuum therebetween.
Preferably, the surface of the anti-vacuum interlayer 36 could be formed with the two-dimensional array lined up by spheric granules or byThe one-dimensional array that rectangular recess is lined up or the two-dimensional array or combinations thereof lined up by cylindrical structure.
It is highly preferred that a diameter of 0.01~0.05mm of the spheric granules, superficial density is 1~100/mm2, interlayerThickness is 0.05~0.5mm.
It is highly preferred that the depth of the groove is 0.01~0.05mm, width is 0.01~0.05mm, between adjacent groovesAway from for 0.1~0.5mm, compartment thickness is 0.05~0.5mm.
It is highly preferred that the height of the cylindrical structure is 0.01~0.05mm, cross-sectional diameter is 0.01~0.05mm, phaseThe spacing of adjacent cylindrical structure is 0.1~0.5mm, and compartment thickness is 0.05~0.5mm.
Further, the adjustment module 72 may include pedestal 721, movable frame 722, height adjustment mechanism 724, inclineAngle regulating mechanism 725, angle of attack regulating mechanism 726 and swing angle adjusting mechanism 727, wherein the scraper plate 71 is fixed on the activity boxOn frame 722.
Further, the movable frame 722 is fixed on the pedestal 721 and has parallelogram sturcutre,Described in parallelogram sturcutre can be configured to the angle on its four vertex and can freely change, while opposite both sides keep flatRow.
Further, the height adjustment mechanism 724 can be configured to that one end withstands on the movable frame 722On on one side, so as to apply active force to first side, to adjust the height of the scraper plate 71.
Further, the incidence regulating mechanism 725 can be configured to that one end withstands on the movable frame 722On two sides, so as to apply active force to second side, to adjust the inclination angle of the scraper plate 71.
Further, the angle of attack regulating mechanism 726 can be fixed on the movable frame 722, for adjustingState the angle of attack of scraper plate 71.
Further, the swing angle adjusting mechanism 727 can be fixed on the pedestal 721, for driving the scraper plate71 around the swing angle adjusting mechanism 727 center axis rotation.
Still further, spring mechanism 723 can be fixed on the movable frame 722, for along the movable frame722 diagonal application elastic pre-stress, to apply expansion torque to the movable frame 722.
Preferably, the spring mechanism 723 can be configured to, and be compressed when the scraper plate 71 encounters foreign matter to allowThe foreign matter passes through the scraper plate 71.
Further, force sensor can be set on the swing angle adjusting mechanism 727.
Further, the flattening device 7 can also include impurity filter plate 73.The impurity filter plate 73 is fixed on the tuneIt saves in module 72, and is located at the front of the scraper plate 71 in the movement direction.Wherein, the impurity filter plate 73 may include shovel board731, sieve 732 and filter frame 733.
Preferably, the screen size of the sieve 732 is selected as 30~200 mesh, the shovel board 731 and the light transmission bottom plate 32Between angle be 10~45 degree.
Further, the surface of the shaped platform 2 can be equipped with and bond enhancing structure 21.
Further, the surface of the cohesive enhancing structure could be formed with the two-dimensional array that column structure is lined up, andThe two-dimensional array is square arrangement or triangle arrangement, and the column structure is that section is circular protrusion or recess.Preferably,The ratio of circular diameter and adjacent distance of center circle is 0.2~0.8, and pillar height degree is 0.05~3mm, a diameter of 0.2~5mm.More preferably, columnHeight is 0.1~1mm, a diameter of 1~3mm.
Further, the surface of the cohesive enhancing structure could be formed with the two-dimensional array that column structure is lined up, andThe two-dimensional array is square arrangement, and the column structure is the protrusion or recess that section is square.Preferably, square sideThe long ratio with adjacent square centre-to-centre spacing is 0.2~0.8, and pillar height degree is 0.05~3mm, and the length of side is 0.2~5mm.More preferably,Pillar height degree is 0.1~1mm, and the length of side is 1~3mm.
Further, the surface of the cohesive enhancing structure could be formed with the one-dimensional array that trapezoidal striped is lined up.It is excellentSelection of land, the top width of trapezoidal striped and the ratio of bottom width are 0.5~1.0, and trapezoidal streak height is 0.05~3mm, topPortion's width is 0.2~5mm, and the bottom spacing of adjacent trapezoidal striped is 0.2~5mm.More preferably, trapezoidal streak height be 0.1~1mm, top width are 1~3mm, and the bottom spacing of adjacent trapezoidal striped is 1~3mm.
Preferably, the velocity of rotation of the rotary module can be 6-60rpm.
Further, the photocuring 3D printing equipment of the utility model can also include control system 1 and monitoring device,The monitoring device is arranged in the top of the slurry container 3 and by collected picture and/or video signal transmission to instituteState control system 1.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is with reference to the accompanying drawings to detailed description.The following examples withWay of example provides, fully to convey the spirit of the utility model to give the utility model those skilled in the art.CauseThis, the utility model is not limited to embodiment disclosed herein.
As shown in Figure 1, the photocuring 3D printing equipment of the utility model may include control system 1, shaped platform 2,Slurry container 3, linear module 4, rotary module 5, separator 6, flattening device 7, projection arrangement 8.
The structure of linear module 4 is shown more clearly in Fig. 2.As shown in Fig. 2, linear module 4 includes guide rail 41, sliding block42, lead screw 43, cantilever 44, driving motor 45.By driving motor 45 and lead screw 43, sliding block 42 and the cantilever being connect with sliding block 4244 can in the vertical direction move along guide rail 41.
Shaped platform 2 is fixed on cantilever 44, therefore can be with the vertically oscilaltion of cantilever 44.Wherein,Shaped platform 2 is disassembled on cantilever 44 and by it from cantilever 44 for convenience, shaped platform 2 can be at its bottomPortion has protruding portion, the recess portion with shape complementation on that face opposite with the bottom of shaped platform 2 of cantilever 44, by protrusionThe connection of the two is realized in mutual cooperation effect between portion and recess portion, and vice versa.Preferably, the protruding portion of shaped platform 2 canWith with T section, as shown in Figure 2.
During 3 D-printing, it usually needs adjust the relative position between shaped platform and slurry container bottom, exampleSuch as platform is adjusted to be substantially parallel with slurry container bottom.For this purpose, in the 3D printing equipment of the prior art often byThe position of slurry container is adjusted to realize, due to slurry container and its supporting machinery device (such as the rotating dress of slurry containerSet, oblique drawing device) weight it is larger and position degree of regulation is higher, therefore the design of slurry container apparatus for adjusting position is wantedAsk very high, it tends to be difficult to meet actual demand.For this problem, the utility model is on the cantilever 44 of linear module 4It is provided with adjustment mechanism 441, to provide orientation regulatory function for the shaped platform 2 that is connect with cantilever 44.
As shown in Fig. 2, cantilever 44 includes cantilever top for being connect with sliding block 42 and for being connect with shaped platform 2Jib foot.Jib foot and cantilever top are connected with each other by adjusting structure 441.Adjustment mechanism 441 may include upper pulling plug4411 and push bolt 4412, wherein upper pulling plug 4411 is for adjusting the distance between jib foot and cantilever top and to cantileverLower part provides a upper pulling force, pushes that bolt 4412 is equally used for adjusting the distance between jib foot and cantilever top but it will be toJib foot provides a lower pressure can be accurately by jib foot by the mating reaction of this upper pulling force and lower pressureThe distance between cantilever top is arranged to be adjusted numerically by upper pulling plug 4411 and pushing bolt 4412.In addition, adjustingIt can also includes locking bolt 4413 to save mechanism 441, for locking the relative position between jib foot and cantilever top.This realityIn novel, as shown in Figure 2, adjustment machine is both provided on four angles preferably being connect with cantilever top in jib footStructure 441, to which the relative position between jib foot and cantilever top provides more adjusting dimensions, to realize three-dimensional spaceBetween on relative position regulatory function, meet the position regulatory demand of shaped platform 2.By this adjustment machine of the utility modelStructure 441, quadrangle especially shown in Fig. 2 adjust structure, can be under very simple mechanical structure with very high precision realityThe adjusting of existing relative position between shaped platform 2 and such as slurry container 3, thus greatly reduce printing device complexity andCost, while mechanical adjustment precision is improved again.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the structure of the separator 6 in the utility model.As shown in figure 3, separator 6 wrapsInclude supporting rack 61, hinge 62, push rod 63 and driving motor 64.Push rod 63 can be axially retractable under the driving of driving motor 64,Supporting rack 61 is driven to be rotated by the center of circle of the axis of hinge 62.
Rotary module 5 is fixed on supporting rack 61 comprising circular hollow turntable 51, bearing 52, speed reducer 53 and drivingMotor 54, as shown in Figure 9.Circular hollow turntable 51 can be rotated around own central axis, and drive 3 synchronous rotary of slurry container.
Fig. 4 schematically shows the structures of the slurry container 3 in the utility model.As shown, slurry container 3 includesCylinder side wall 31, release film 35 and round light transmission bottom plate 32, to constitute the cylindrical structure for accommodating slurry, and allow light throughBottom plate enters the slurry in container.Wherein, release film 35 is fixedly clamped by side wall 31 and trim ring 33, and light transmission bottom plate 32 is fixed on bottomOn circle 34, trim ring 33 is fixed on foundation ring 34.Preferably, the thickness of release film 35 is 0.05~0.5mm；Light transmission bottom plate 32 existsLight transmittance in 300~800nm wave-length coverages is more than 90%.
In the release device of the prior art, release film is pressed on light transmission bottom plate, often will appear vacuum therebetween, is madeRelease film can not flexible deformation, cause effectively tear when model separation.For this problem, the utility model proposesAnti- vacuum interlayer 36 is set between light transmission bottom plate 32 and release film 35, for preventing the shape between light transmission bottom plate 32 and release film 35At vacuum.
Preferably, the anti-vacuum interlayer 36 of the utility model can be made of the thin slice with high transparency, such as by stoneOne kind in English glass flake, sapphire wafer, ABS thin slices, PET thin slices, PVC thin slices, PS thin slices, PC thin slices, PMMA thin slicesIt constitutes.
In addition, three kinds of preferred anti-vacuum spacer structures are given in the present invention, it is specific as follows：
(1) in the first preferred structure, the surface of anti-vacuum interlayer 36 could be formed with the two dimension that spheric granules is lined upArray imports air by the gap between spheric granules on the surface of the anti-vacuum spacer structure, true to avoid the formation ofAltitude.Optimized design finds, under this configuration, a diameter of 0.01~0.05mm of spheric granules, superficial density is 1~100/mm2, effect is preferable when compartment thickness is 0.05~0.5mm.
(2) in second of preferred structure, the surface of anti-vacuum interlayer 36 could be formed with one lined up by rectangular recessArray is tieed up, air can be imported on the surface of anti-vacuum spacer structure by this rectangular recess.Due to using this rectangleThe form of groove array, air duct are evenly distributed, and can provide better anti-vacuum effectiveness.Optimized design is found, at thisUnder kind of structure, depth of groove is 0.01~0.05mm, and width is 0.01~0.05mm, the spacing of adjacent grooves is 0.1~0.5mm, effect is preferable when compartment thickness is 0.05~0.5mm.
(3) in the third preferred structure, the surface of anti-vacuum interlayer 36 could be formed with two lined up by cylindrical structureArray is tieed up, air can be imported on the surface of anti-vacuum spacer structure by this cylinder shape groove.Due to using this twoThe form for tieing up cylinder shape groove array, can form air duct, while coordinating using cylinder shape groove knot from both directionStructure can provide seamlessly transitting for air duct, enabling the air duct distribution being more uniformly distributed is realized in the two-dimensional direction,Preferably anti-vacuum effectiveness is provided.Optimized design finds that under this configuration, cylindrical structure height is 0.01~0.05mm,Cross-sectional diameter is 0.01~0.05mm, and the spacing of adjacent column structure is 0.1~0.5mm, and compartment thickness is 0.05~0.5mmShi Xiaoguo is preferable.
By the way that above-mentioned anti-vacuum interlayer 36 is arranged in slurry container 3, cured layer and slurry can be more easily realizedSeparation.
Fig. 5 shows the stereogram of flattening device 7 according to the present utility model.In the present invention, 7 quilt of flattening deviceSetting accurately controls exposure for generating relative motion with rotary module using flowing of the scraper plate strengthening slurry in slurry containerThe height of light region liquid level.Flattening device 7 is fixed on supporting rack 61, and includes scraper plate 71 and adjustment module 72, wherein adjustingSection module 72 can be used to adjust for the orientation of scraper plate 71.
In the 3D printing equipment of the prior art, it is generally also equipped with the adjustment structure for adjusting scraper plate orientation, stillThe function of this adjustment structure is fairly simple, and often the height of scraper plate and/or inclination angle can only be adjusted.Fig. 7 shows oneThe existing flat configuration of kind, as shown, the flat configuration includes scraper plate and adjustment structure, wherein：Adjustment structure includes insideGuide pin equipped with longitudinally guiding slot is equipped with transverse connecting rod between guide pin；Scraper plate both ends are mounted in guide groove, and are passed throughSpring is connect with connecting rod, and adjusting nut is equipped at the top of scraper plate.In this adjustment structure, it can be carried by adjusting nutRealization for the regulatory function to blade height, but this function needs to adjust separately two adjusting nuts (thereon using having thousandPoint ruler) it realizes, easy to produce error of tilt.Therefore, in existing flat configuration shown in Fig. 7, height adjusting is being carried outThe inclination angle setting of scraper plate may be influenced whether simultaneously, this will influence accurate adjusting to scraper plate orientation.In addition, the utility modelPeople has found that in formation process, other than blade height and inclination angle, other direction parameters of scraper plate are for planarization effectsAlso there is important influence, for example, the angle of attack of scraper plate will influence the relative angle of pulp flow direction and scraper plate, pass through controlThis relative angle can avoid slurry from being accumulated to center or edge by fluid tangential component balance rotating centrifugal force.
Based on the understanding influenced on planarization effects on the above-mentioned insufficient and other direction parameters of scraper plate of existing flat configuration,In the utility model, adjustment module 72 is designed to include pedestal 721, movable frame 722, spring mechanism 723, height adjusting machineStructure 724, incidence regulating mechanism 725, angle of attack regulating mechanism 726 and swing angle adjusting mechanism 727.Fig. 6 diagrammatically illustrates smooth dressThe partial side elevation view for setting 7, for illustrating movable frame 722, spring mechanism 723, height adjustment mechanism 724, incidence regulating mechanism725, the interactively between angle of attack regulating mechanism 726 and swing angle adjusting mechanism 727.As shown in Figures 6 and 7, movable frame 722 is solidIt being scheduled on pedestal 721 and includes parallelogram sturcutre, wherein the angle on four vertex of parallelogram can freely change, butThe opposite both sides of parallelogram will remain parallel.Spring mechanism 723 is fixed on movable frame 722, for along workDynamic frame 722 is diagonal to apply elastic pre-stress, to apply an expansion torque to movable frame 722, so as to parallel in changeAfter the angle on quadrangle vertex it can stablize and keep current state, reach stable regulation effect, improve degree of regulation.It scrapesPlate 71 is fixed on movable frame 722, so as to follow movable frame 722 lifted, tilted, rotary motion.Height is adjustedOne end of section mechanism 724 is withstood in a line of movable frame 722, described in by pedestal 721 on movable frame 722One frame side applies active force, and the relative position on the frame side is pushed to change, to the height using lever principle to scraper plate 71Degree is adjusted.One end of incidence regulating mechanism 725 is withstood in the another a line of movable frame 722, so as to by pedestal 721 toAnother frame side of movable frame 722 applies active force, and the relative position on the frame side is pushed to change, and is scraped to adjustThe inclination angle of plate 71.Angle of attack regulating mechanism 726 is fixed on movable frame 722, the angle of attack of adjustable scrapping plate 71.Swing angle adjusting mechanism727 are fixed on pedestal 721, can drive center axis rotation any angle of the scraper plate 71 around swing angle adjusting mechanism 727.
It should be readily apparent to one skilled in the art that in the flat configuration of the utility model, height adjustment mechanism 724, inclination angleRegulating mechanism 725, angle of attack regulating mechanism 726 and swing angle adjusting mechanism 727 can adjust each of scraper plate independently of one another and steadilyA direction parameter, enabling adjusting that is more flexible and accurately realizing relative position between scraper plate 71 and slurry plane, fromAnd provide better planarization effects.
In addition, may have foreign matter in slurry, especially in the slurry with high solid loading, and existing flatIn complete machine structure (flattening mechanism of such as Fig. 7), since scraper plate is rigidly fixed on pre-configured orientation position in formation process, strongly foreign matter can be pushed to move with it when scraper plate encounters the foreign matter in slurry, the movement of this foreign matter may scratch slurryRelease film in material container.And in the present invention, by the way that spring mechanism 723 is arranged on movable frame, when there is foreign matter warpWhen crossing scraper plate 71, with compression spring mechanism 723 and scraper plate 71 can be jacked up, to pass through, avoid scratching release film.
Further, can also force snesor be set in the side of swing angle adjusting mechanism 727, for detecting scraper plate smoothThe resistance being subject in the process.When scraper plate encounters foreign matter during the motion, the resistance being subject to will will increase, therefore pass through pendulumForce snesor on angle regulating mechanism 727 can detect this variation of resistance, and the variation of this resistance is transmitted to controlSystem.Control system can according to force snesor provide resistance change information to determine whether need stop scraper plate movement, withForeign matter is avoided to damage such as release film.
Further, impurity filter plate 73 can also be set in flattening device 7.As shown in figure 5, impurity filter plate 73 is fixed on tuneIt saves in module 72, and is located at the front of scraper plate 71 in the movement direction.Impurity filter plate 73 may include shovel board 731, sieve 732With filter frame 733, it is arranged for being collected by filtration the solid impurity in slurry.Optimized design discovery, the sieve pore ruler of sieve 732It is very little to be selected as 30~200 mesh, and when making shovel board 731 and the angle of light transmission bottom plate 32 be 10~45 degree by adjustment module 72 effect compared withIt is good.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, projection arrangement 8 is fixed on the lower section of slurry container 3 so that its light projected may pass through rotationRevolving die block 5 and light transmission bottom plate 32 are irradiated on shaped platform 2, so that slurry forms cured layer on shaped platform.
Those skilled in the art know, during removing the cured layer (model) on shaped platform 2 with slurry, holdEasily it is cured the phenomenon that layer falls off from shaped platform.In order to reduce this break-off odds, the utility modelIt is additionally provided with cohesive enhancing structure 21 in shaped platform 2, for improving the cementation power between shaped platform and model.
Specifically, three kinds of preferred bonding enhancing structures are given in the utility model, it is specific as follows：
(1) in the first preferred structure, the surface for bonding enhancing structure could be formed with the two dimension that column structure is lined upArray, and two-dimensional array is square arrangement or triangle arrangement, column structure is that section is circular protrusion or recess.It is optimized to setMeter finds that under this configuration, the ratio of circular diameter and adjacent distance of center circle is 0.2~0.8, and pillar height degree is 0.05~3mm, diameterFor 0.2~5mm when effect it is preferable；It is especially 0.1~1mm in pillar height degree, when a diameter of 1~3mm more preferably.
(2) in second of preferred structure, the surface for bonding enhancing structure could be formed with the two dimension that column structure is lined upArray, and the two-dimensional array is square arrangement, column structure is the protrusion or recess that section is square.Optimized design hairExisting, under this configuration, the ratio of the square length of side and adjacent square centre-to-centre spacing is 0.2~0.8, pillar height degree for 0.05~3mm, effect is preferable when the length of side is 0.2~5mm；Especially more preferably when pillar height degree is 0.1~1mm, and the length of side is 1~3mm.
(3) in the third preferred structure, bond enhancing structure surface could be formed with trapezoidal striped line up it is one-dimensionalArray.Optimized design finds that under this configuration, the ratio of trapezoidal striped top width and bottom width is 0.5~1.0,Trapezoidal streak height is 0.05~3mm, and top width is 0.2~5mm, when the bottom spacing of adjacent trapezoidal striped is 0.2~5mmEffect is preferable；It is especially 0.1~1mm in trapezoidal streak height, top width is 1~3mm, the bottom spacing of adjacent trapezoidal stripedFor 1~3mm when more preferably.
The utility model people has found that above-mentioned first and second kinds cohesive enhancing structures can preferably be suitable for bench modelPrinting；And the third preferred structure can preferably be suitable for the printing of large-scale model.
In addition, being additionally provided with monitoring device 9 in the 3D printing equipment of the utility model, slurry can be fixed onThe collected information of institute is transferred to control system 1 by the top of container 3 to acquire the picture or video information of lower section, fromAnd complete monitoring whole printing process, to suspend or terminate print procedure at any time under something unexpected happened.
The utility model of above-mentioned improvement by to(for) printing device, such as prevent the device of foreign object damage, monitoring deviceEtc. so that larger rotating device velocity of rotation may be used in the printing device of the utility model；Preferably, rotating dressThe velocity of rotation set could be provided as 6~60rpm.Thus it is overcome in the prior art due to structure limitation and security consideration(such as rotating weight is excessive cause rotation difficult, speed is excessive to be easy to cause equipment damage etc.), rotating device velocity of rotation is notHigh (such as 0.2-5rpm), the low deficiency of printing effect.
When carrying out 3 D-printing using the printing device of the utility model, following steps may be used：
Step 1：The light-cured resin containing ceramic powder is added into slurry container 3；
Step 2：Flattening device 7 is put into slurry container 3, and the distance between scraper plate 71 and release film 35 are adjustedTo 0.1~1mm；
Step 3：Start rotary module 5, slurry container is made to be rotated by 360 °；
Step 4：Shaped platform 2 is dropped into proper height；
Step 5：Start 8 project digital signal of projection arrangement 1~20 second；
Step 6：Start separator 7 so that the model (cured layer) after solidification is detached with release film 35；
Step 7：Shaped platform 2 is risen into proper height；
Step 8：Separator 7 is resetted, position before curing is returned to；And
Step 3 is repeated to step 8, until model printing finishes.
Although being carried out to the 3D printing equipment of the photocuring of the utility model by specific embodiment above in conjunction with attached drawingExplanation, still, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that above-described embodiment is only exemplary, for illustrating this practicalityNovel principle can't cause to limit to the scope of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can be to above-described embodimentVarious combinations, modification and equivalent replacement are carried out, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.