技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及页岩气勘查开发领域，特别是涉及一种页岩气开发微地震压裂智能识别装置。The utility model relates to the field of exploration and development of shale gas, in particular to an intelligent identification device for micro-seismic fracturing of shale gas development.
背景技术Background technique
在页岩气开发中，一般采用水力压裂产生人工裂缝，来提高低渗透、致密储层中的油气的开采效率。对水力压裂效果的评估一般是通过捕捉水力压裂所产生的微地震事件来实现的，因为产生的这种地震是很微弱的，故称之为“微地震”。目前，针对水力压裂监测的常规方法主要包括间接方法、直接的近井地带技术和直接的远场地带技术，该类方法在监测压裂裂缝的长度、高度、宽度、方位和倾角方面都具有自身的局限性。净压分析方法存在油藏模拟和实际不符的局限性，在监测裂缝的方位和倾角方面具有不可信性；试井分析方法要求准确的渗透率和压力，在监测裂缝的高度、方位和倾角方面具有不准确性；放射性示踪法仅能探测井筒附近，在监测裂缝的长度方面具有不准确性；井温测井法易受到岩层导热性的影响，在监测裂缝的长度、宽度、方位和倾角方面具有不准确性；井下电视法只能录取射孔孔眼情况，在监测裂缝的长度、宽度、方位和倾角方面具有不准确性；周围井井下倾斜法井距越远，分辨率越低；地面测斜随深度增加，分辨率下降；施工井倾斜仪在计算裂缝的长度时，必须由裂缝高度和宽度算出。以上常规方法均不能全面监测裂缝的长度、高度、宽度、方位角，监测效果差。In the development of shale gas, hydraulic fracturing is generally used to generate artificial fractures to improve the recovery efficiency of oil and gas in low-permeability and tight reservoirs. The evaluation of the effect of hydraulic fracturing is generally realized by capturing the micro-seismic events produced by hydraulic fracturing, because the earthquakes produced are very weak, so they are called "micro-seismic". At present, conventional methods for hydraulic fracturing monitoring mainly include indirect methods, direct near-wellbore zone technology and direct far-field zone technology. own limitations. The net pressure analysis method has the limitation that the reservoir simulation does not match the reality, and it is unreliable in monitoring the azimuth and dip of the fracture; It is inaccurate; the radioactive tracer method can only detect the vicinity of the wellbore, and it is inaccurate in monitoring the length of the fracture; the well temperature logging method is easily affected by the thermal conductivity of the rock formation, and it is inaccurate in monitoring the length, width, orientation and dip of the fracture. In one aspect, it is inaccurate; the downhole television method can only record the perforation perforation, and it is inaccurate in monitoring the length, width, azimuth and dip of the fracture; As the depth increases, the resolution of the inclinometer decreases; when the construction well inclinometer calculates the length of the fracture, it must be calculated from the height and width of the fracture. None of the above conventional methods can fully monitor the length, height, width, and azimuth of cracks, and the monitoring effect is poor.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是提供一种微地震压裂智能识别装置，实时精确获知页岩气井开发过程中深部地质结构情况。The purpose of the utility model is to provide an intelligent identification device for microseismic fracturing, which can accurately know the deep geological structure in the development process of shale gas wells in real time.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型提供了如下方案：In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following scheme:
一种页岩气开发微地震压裂智能识别装置，所述装置包括：供电电源、信号处理装置、三分量检波器；所述三分量检波器安装于微地震监测井下；所述信号处理装置、所述供电电源安装在微地震监测井对应位置的地面；An intelligent micro-seismic fracturing identification device for shale gas development, the device includes: a power supply, a signal processing device, and a three-component geophone; the three-component geophone is installed in a micro-seismic monitoring well; the signal processing device, The power supply is installed on the ground at the corresponding position of the microseismic monitoring well;
所述供电电源与所述信号处理装置相连接，用于对所述信号处理装置进行供电；The power supply is connected to the signal processing device for supplying power to the signal processing device;
所述信号处理装置与所述三分量检波器相连接，所述三分量检波器用于捕捉压裂活动产生的微小地震事件波形，所述信号处理装置用于接收所述三分量检波器捕捉的微小地震事件波形的模拟信号并对所述微小地震事件波形的模拟信号进行处理，生成数字信号；The signal processing device is connected to the three-component geophone, the three-component geophone is used to capture the tiny seismic event waveform generated by fracturing activities, and the signal processing device is used to receive the tiny seismic event waveform captured by the three-component geophone. the analog signal of the seismic event waveform and process the analog signal of the micro seismic event waveform to generate a digital signal;
所述信号处理装置与监控中心相连接，所述监控中心用于接收所述信号处理装置发送的数字信号。The signal processing device is connected to a monitoring center, and the monitoring center is used to receive the digital signal sent by the signal processing device.
可选的，所述信号处理装置具体包括：嵌入式控制器模块、第一滤波电路模块、程控增益放大模块、第二滤波电路模块，模数转换器模块、SD存储模块、无线传输模块、GPS校时模块；Optionally, the signal processing device specifically includes: an embedded controller module, a first filter circuit module, a programmable gain amplification module, a second filter circuit module, an analog-to-digital converter module, an SD storage module, a wireless transmission module, a GPS Calibration module;
所述第一滤波电路模块与所述三分量检波器相连接，所述第一滤波电路模块用于滤除外界干扰引起的高频杂波和所述供电电源含有的高频杂波；The first filter circuit module is connected to the three-component detector, and the first filter circuit module is used to filter out high-frequency clutter caused by external interference and high-frequency clutter contained in the power supply;
所述程控增益放大模块与所述第一滤波电路模块连接，所述程控增益放大模块用于放大所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号的频率和幅度；The programmable gain amplification module is connected to the first filter circuit module, and the programmable gain amplification module is used to amplify the frequency and amplitude of the micro-seismic event waveform analog signal;
所述第二滤波电路模块与所述程控增益放大模块连接；所述第二滤波电路模块用于滤除所述程控增益放大模块输出的高频杂波和所述供电电源含有的高频杂波；The second filtering circuit module is connected to the programmable gain amplification module; the second filtering circuit module is used to filter out the high-frequency clutter output by the programmable gain amplifying module and the high-frequency clutter contained in the power supply ;
所述模数转换器模块与所述第二滤波电路模块连接，所述模数转换器模块将采集进来的所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号进行数字转换，将所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号转换为所述嵌入式控制器能够识别的数字信号；The analog-to-digital converter module is connected to the second filter circuit module, and the analog-to-digital converter module digitally converts the collected analog signal of the waveform of the micro-seismic event, and converts the analog signal of the waveform of the micro-seismic event to is a digital signal that can be recognized by the embedded controller;
所述SD存储模块与所述模数转换器模块连接，所述SD存储模块用于存储采集到的原始所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号数据；The SD storage module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter module, and the SD storage module is used to store the collected original analog signal data of the tiny seismic event waveform;
所述无线传输模块与所述SD存储模块连接，所述无线传输模块用于将所述采集到的原始所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号数据传输至所述监控中心；The wireless transmission module is connected to the SD storage module, and the wireless transmission module is used to transmit the collected original waveform analog signal data of the micro-seismic event to the monitoring center;
所述GPS校时模块与所述嵌入式控制器模块相连接，所述GPS校时模块用于校准系统的时间；The GPS timing module is connected with the embedded controller module, and the GPS timing module is used to calibrate the time of the system;
所述嵌入式控制器模块与所述供电电源、所述模数转换器模块、所述SD 存储模块、所述无线传输模块、所述GPS校时模块均双向连接；所述嵌入式控制器模块与所述程控增益放大模块单向连接；所述嵌入式控制器模块用于对上述模块进行逻辑时序控制；The embedded controller module is bidirectionally connected with the power supply, the analog-to-digital converter module, the SD storage module, the wireless transmission module, and the GPS timing module; the embedded controller module One-way connection with the programmable gain amplification module; the embedded controller module is used to control the logic sequence of the above modules;
所述供电电源与所述三分量检波器、所述第一滤波电路模块、所述程控增益放大模块、所述第二滤波电路模块、所述模数转换器模块均单向相连，所述供电电源与所述嵌入式控制器模块双向相连，所述供电电源对所述三分量检波器、所述第一滤波电路模块、所述程控增益放大模块、所述第二滤波电路模块、所述模数转换器模块、所述嵌入式控制器模块进行供电。The power supply is unidirectionally connected to the three-component detector, the first filter circuit module, the programmable gain amplifier module, the second filter circuit module, and the analog-to-digital converter module. The power supply is bidirectionally connected to the embedded controller module, and the power supply is connected to the three-component detector, the first filter circuit module, the programmable gain amplification module, the second filter circuit module, and the module The digital converter module and the embedded controller module supply power.
可选的，所述供电电源为±5V/±3.3V电源模块。Optionally, the power supply is a ±5V/±3.3V power module.
可选的，所述信号处理装置还包括：差分输入电路，所述差分输入电路输入端与所述三分量检波器的3个信号输入端相连接，所述差分输入电路输出端与所述程控增益放大模块相连接，所述信号处理装置的信号输入端采用差分输入方式以抑制共模干扰信号。Optionally, the signal processing device further includes: a differential input circuit, the input terminal of the differential input circuit is connected to the three signal input terminals of the three-component detector, and the output terminal of the differential input circuit is connected to the program-controlled The gain amplification modules are connected, and the signal input terminal of the signal processing device adopts a differential input mode to suppress common-mode interference signals.
可选的，所述程控增益放大模块具体为：PGA280AIPW数字运放芯片，所述嵌入式控制器模块通过SPI接口与所述PGA280AIPW数字运放芯片进行通讯，增益可调，以下发的数字0～10设定放大倍率，对应放大倍率为1/8～ 128。Optionally, the program-controlled gain amplification module is specifically: a PGA280AIPW digital op-amp chip, the embedded controller module communicates with the PGA280AIPW digital op-amp chip through an SPI interface, and the gain is adjustable. 10 Set the magnification, the corresponding magnification is 1/8~128.
可选的，所述嵌入式控制器模块具体为：STM32F4系列的嵌入式处理器作为所述嵌入式控制器模块，主频为168MHz，内部集成256KB静态随机存取存储器，片外配置16M同步动态随机存储器。Optionally, the embedded controller module is specifically: an embedded processor of the STM32F4 series is used as the embedded controller module, with a main frequency of 168MHz, an internal integrated 256KB static random access memory, and an external configuration of 16M synchronous dynamic RAM.
可选的，所述模数转换器模块具体为：CS5361音频AD转换器，192KHz 采样率，24位分辨率，双通道输入，IIS数据接口。Optionally, the analog-to-digital converter module is specifically: CS5361 audio AD converter, 192KHz sampling rate, 24-bit resolution, dual-channel input, and IIS data interface.
可选的，所述嵌入式控制器模块还包括：Optionally, the embedded controller module also includes:
SDI0控制器接口，用于连接32GSD卡存储数据；SDI0 controller interface, used to connect 32GSD card to store data;
RS232接口，用于连接GPS模块；RS232 interface, used to connect GPS module;
IO口线组1，用于控制X道程控增益放大器PGA280AIPW；IO port line group 1, used to control X-channel programmable gain amplifier PGA280AIPW;
IO口线组2，用于控制Y道程控增益放大器PGA280AIPW；IO port line group 2, used to control the Y-channel programmable gain amplifier PGA280AIPW;
IO口线组3，用于控制Z道程控增益放大器PGA280AIPW；IO port line group 3, used to control the Z-channel programmable gain amplifier PGA280AIPW;
IIS1接口，用于连接第一片CS5361，采集X、Y道的数据；IIS1 interface, used to connect the first CS5361 to collect data of X and Y channels;
IIS2接口，用于连接第二片CS5361，采集Z道的数据；IIS2 interface, used to connect the second CS5361 to collect the data of Z channel;
FMC接口，用于连接片外SDRAM。FMC interface, used to connect off-chip SDRAM.
根据本实用新型提供的具体实施例，本实用新型公开了以下技术效果：According to the specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the utility model discloses the following technical effects:
本装置中通过采用布设多个三分量检波器来监测压裂井在压裂过程中诱发的微地震波，此微地震波可以详细描述压裂过程中裂缝生长的几何形状和空间展布，通过信号处理装置能实时监控压裂施工过程中产生裂隙的高度、长度和方位角信息，能够实时精确的获知页岩气井在开发过程中深部地质结构变化。In this device, multiple three-component geophones are used to monitor the microseismic waves induced in the fracturing process of the fracturing well. The microseismic waves can describe in detail the geometry and spatial distribution of fracture growth during the fracturing process. Through signal processing The device can monitor the height, length and azimuth angle information of the fractures generated during the fracturing operation in real time, and can accurately know the changes in the deep geological structure of the shale gas well in the development process in real time.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the present invention. For some embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without paying creative efforts.
图1为本实用新型实施例页岩气开发微地震压裂智能识别装置图；Fig. 1 is a diagram of an intelligent identification device for shale gas development micro-seismic fracturing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本实用新型实施例信号处理装置结构图；Fig. 2 is the structural diagram of the signal processing device of the embodiment of the present utility model;
图3为本实用新型实施例STM32F4系列的嵌入式控制器模块装置图；Fig. 3 is the embedded controller module device diagram of the STM32F4 series of the utility model embodiment;
图4为本实用新型实施例差分输入电路图；Fig. 4 is the differential input circuit diagram of the embodiment of the utility model;
图5为本实用新型实施例程控增益放大模块的电路图；Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the program-controlled gain amplification module of the utility model embodiment;
图6为本实用新型实施例模数转换器模块的电路图。FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an analog-to-digital converter module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.
本实用新型的目的是提供一种微地震压裂智能识别装置，实时精确获知页岩气井开发过程中深部地质结构情况。The purpose of the utility model is to provide an intelligent identification device for microseismic fracturing, which can accurately know the deep geological structure in the development process of shale gas wells in real time.
为使本实用新型的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1为本实用新型实施例页岩气开发微地震压裂智能识别装置图。参见图 1，所述装置包括：供电电源101、信号处理装置102、三分量检波器103；所述三分量检波器103安装于微地震监测井下；所述信号处理装置102、所述供电电源101安装在微地震监测井对应位置的地面；Fig. 1 is a diagram of an intelligent identification device for microseismic fracturing in shale gas development according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Referring to Fig. 1, described device comprises: power supply 101, signal processing device 102, three-component geophone 103; Described three-component geophone 103 is installed in microseismic monitoring underground; Installed on the ground at the corresponding position of the microseismic monitoring well;
所述供电电源101与所述信号处理装置102相连接，用于对所述信号处理装置进行供电；所述供电电源为±5V/±3.3V电源模块。The power supply 101 is connected to the signal processing device 102 and is used to supply power to the signal processing device; the power supply is a ±5V/±3.3V power module.
所述信号处理装置102与所述三分量检波器103相连接，所述三分量检波器103用于捕捉压裂活动产生的微小地震事件波形，所述信号处理装置102 用于接收所述三分量检波器103捕捉的微小地震事件波形模拟信号并对所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号进行处理；The signal processing device 102 is connected with the three-component geophone 103, the three-component geophone 103 is used to capture the tiny seismic event waveform generated by fracturing activities, and the signal processing device 102 is used to receive the three-component geophone The micro-seismic event waveform analog signal captured by the geophone 103 and processing the micro-seismic event waveform analog signal;
所述信号处理装置102与监控中心相连接，所述监控中心用于接收所述信号处理装置发送的数字信号。The signal processing device 102 is connected to a monitoring center, and the monitoring center is used to receive the digital signal sent by the signal processing device.
本实用新型通过在压裂井附近微地震监测井中布设多个三分量检波器来监测压裂井在压裂过程中诱发的微地震波，从而描述压裂过程中裂缝生长的几何形状和空间分布，能实时提供压裂施工过程中产生裂隙的高度、长度和方位角信息，利用这些信息可以优化井位设计、优化井网等开发措施，从而提高采收率。The utility model monitors the microseismic waves induced by the fracturing well during the fracturing process by arranging a plurality of three-component geophones in the microseismic monitoring well near the fracturing well, so as to describe the geometric shape and spatial distribution of the fracture growth during the fracturing process. It can provide real-time information on the height, length and azimuth angle of fractures generated during fracturing construction, and use these information to optimize well location design, optimize well pattern and other development measures, thereby improving recovery.
图2为本实用新型实施例信号处理装置结构图。FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a signal processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
参见图2，所述信号处理装置具体包括：嵌入式控制器模块201、第一滤波电路模块202、程控增益放大模块203、第二滤波电路模块204，模数转换器模块205、SD存储模块206、无线传输模块207、GPS校时模块208；Referring to Fig. 2, the signal processing device specifically includes: an embedded controller module 201, a first filter circuit module 202, a programmable gain amplification module 203, a second filter circuit module 204, an analog-to-digital converter module 205, and an SD storage module 206 , wireless transmission module 207, GPS timing module 208;
所述第一滤波电路模块202与所述三分量检波器103相连接，所述第一滤波电路模块202用于滤除外界干扰引起的高频杂波和所述供电电源101含有的高频杂波；The first filter circuit module 202 is connected to the three-component detector 103, and the first filter circuit module 202 is used to filter out high-frequency clutter caused by external interference and high-frequency clutter contained in the power supply 101. Wave;
所述程控增益放大模块203与所述第一滤波电路模块202连接，所述程控增益放大模块203用于放大所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号的频率和幅度；The programmable gain amplification module 203 is connected to the first filter circuit module 202, and the programmable gain amplification module 203 is used to amplify the frequency and amplitude of the micro-seismic event waveform analog signal;
所述第二滤波电路模块204与所述程控增益放大模块203连接；所述第二滤波电路模块204用于滤除所述程控增益放大模块203输出的高频杂波和所述供电电源101含有的高频杂波；The second filter circuit module 204 is connected to the programmable gain amplification module 203; the second filter circuit module 204 is used to filter out the high-frequency clutter output by the programmable gain amplification module 203 and the power supply 101 contains high-frequency clutter;
所述模数转换器模块205与所述第二滤波电路模块204连接，所述模数转换器模块205将采集进来的所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号进行数字转换，将所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号转换为所述嵌入式控制器201能够识别的数字信号；The analog-to-digital converter module 205 is connected to the second filter circuit module 204, and the analog-to-digital converter module 205 performs digital conversion on the collected analog signal of the micro-seismic event waveform, and converts the micro-seismic event waveform to Converting the analog signal into a digital signal recognizable by the embedded controller 201;
所述SD存储模块206与所述模数转换器模块205连接，所述SD存储模块206用于存储采集到的原始所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号数据；The SD storage module 206 is connected with the analog-to-digital converter module 205, and the SD storage module 206 is used to store the original analog signal data of the tiny seismic event waveform collected;
所述无线传输模块207与所述SD存储模块206连接，所述无线传输模块 207用于将所述采集到的原始所述微小地震事件波形模拟信号数据传输至所述监控中心209；The wireless transmission module 207 is connected with the SD storage module 206, and the wireless transmission module 207 is used to transmit the collected original micro-seismic event waveform analog signal data to the monitoring center 209;
所述GPS校时模块208与所述嵌入式控制器模块201相连接，所述GPS 校时模块208用于校准系统的时间；The GPS timing module 208 is connected with the embedded controller module 201, and the GPS timing module 208 is used to calibrate the time of the system;
所述嵌入式控制器模块201与所述供电电源101、所述模数转换器模块 205、所述SD存储模块206、所述无线传输模块207、所述GPS校时模块208 均双向连接；所述嵌入式控制器模块201与所述程控增益放大模块203单向连接；所述嵌入式控制器模块201用于对上述模块进行逻辑时序控制；The embedded controller module 201 is all bidirectionally connected with the power supply 101, the analog-to-digital converter module 205, the SD storage module 206, the wireless transmission module 207, and the GPS timing module 208; The embedded controller module 201 is unidirectionally connected to the programmable gain amplification module 203; the embedded controller module 201 is used to control the logic sequence of the above modules;
所述供电电源101与所述三分量检波器103、所述第一滤波电路模块202、所述程控增益放大模块203、所述第二滤波电路模块204、所述模数转换器模块205单向相连，所述供电电源101与所述嵌入式控制器模块201双向相连，所述供电电源101对所述三分量检波器103、所述第一滤波电路模块202、所述程控增益放大模块203、所述第二滤波电路模块204、所述模数转换器模块 205、所述嵌入式控制器模块201进行供电。The power supply 101 is unidirectional with the three-component detector 103, the first filter circuit module 202, the programmable gain amplification module 203, the second filter circuit module 204, and the analog-to-digital converter module 205 The power supply 101 is bidirectionally connected to the embedded controller module 201, and the power supply 101 is connected to the three-component detector 103, the first filter circuit module 202, the programmable gain amplification module 203, The second filter circuit module 204, the analog-to-digital converter module 205, and the embedded controller module 201 supply power.
微地震信号的采集是一个连续采集的过程，数据量较大且需要实时存储，因此系统在选型上要尽可能地做到低功耗。图3为本实用新型实施例STM32F4 系列的嵌入式控制器模块装置图。如图3所示，本专利选用STM32F4系列的嵌入式处理器作为中央CPU芯片，主频为168MHz，实际性能指标为 1.25DMIPS/MHz，具有较高的能耗比，内部集成256KB SRAM，可以满足数据缓存的需要，该处理器I/O接口种类较多，具有IIS数据口，配合CPU的DMA中断模式，用于AD数据的快速存取，片外配置16M SDRAM，用于连续数据的缓存。The acquisition of microseismic signals is a continuous acquisition process, and the data volume is large and needs to be stored in real time. Therefore, the system selection should be as low as possible in terms of power consumption. Fig. 3 is a device diagram of an embedded controller module of the STM32F4 series according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, this patent selects the STM32F4 series embedded processor as the central CPU chip, the main frequency is 168MHz, the actual performance index is 1.25DMIPS/MHz, it has a high energy consumption ratio, and the internal integration of 256KB SRAM can meet For data cache needs, the processor has many types of I/O interfaces. It has IIS data port, cooperates with CPU's DMA interrupt mode, for fast access of AD data, and 16M SDRAM is configured outside the chip for continuous data cache.
所述嵌入式控制器模块还包括：The embedded controller module also includes:
SDI0控制器接口301，用于连接32GSD卡存储数据；SDI0 controller interface 301, used to connect 32GSD card to store data;
RS232接口302，用于连接GPS模块；RS232 interface 302, used to connect GPS module;
IO口线组1303，用于控制X道程控增益放大器PGA280AIPW；IO port line group 1303, used to control X-channel programmable gain amplifier PGA280AIPW;
IO口线组2304，用于控制Y道程控增益放大器PGA280AIPW；IO port line group 2304, used to control the Y-channel programmable gain amplifier PGA280AIPW;
IO口线组3305，用于控制Z道程控增益放大器PGA280AIPW；IO port line group 3305, used to control the Z-channel programmable gain amplifier PGA280AIPW;
IIS1接口306，用于连接第一片CS5361，采集X、Y道的数据；IIS1 interface 306, used to connect the first CS5361 to collect data of X and Y channels;
IIS2接口307，用于连接第二片CS5361，采集Z道的数据；The IIS2 interface 307 is used to connect the second CS5361 to collect the data of the Z channel;
FMC接口308，用于连接片外SDRAM。The FMC interface 308 is used to connect the off-chip SDRAM.
图4为本实用新型实施例差分输入电路图。如图4所示，差分输入电路的信号输入端采用差分输入方式以抑制共模干扰信号，并使用了低通滤波器抑制高频噪声，输入端接入稳压二极管，防止外界环境中静电的进入和传感器的信号幅度过大导致芯片损坏。Fig. 4 is a differential input circuit diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. As shown in Figure 4, the signal input end of the differential input circuit adopts a differential input mode to suppress common-mode interference signals, and a low-pass filter is used to suppress high-frequency noise, and the input end is connected to a Zener diode to prevent static electricity in the external environment Excessive signal amplitudes entering and to the sensor lead to damage to the chip.
所述差分输入电路输入端与所述三分量检波器的3个信号输入端相连接，所述差分输入电路输出端与所述程控增益放大模块相连接，所述信号处理装置的信号输入端采用差分输入方式以抑制共模干扰信号。The input terminal of the differential input circuit is connected to the three signal input terminals of the three-component detector, the output terminal of the differential input circuit is connected to the programmable gain amplification module, and the signal input terminal of the signal processing device adopts Differential input mode to suppress common mode interference signals.
图5为本实用新型实施例程控增益放大模块的电路图。如图5所示，程控增益放大电路(PGA)选择PGA280AIPW数字运放芯片，述嵌入式控制器模块通过SPI接口与所述PGA280AIPW数字运放芯片进行通讯，增益可调，以下发的数字0～10设定放大倍率，对应放大倍率为1/8～128，输出信号进一步进行高频滤波和差分滤波，减少信号噪声。Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a program-controlled gain amplifier module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the programmable gain amplifier circuit (PGA) selects the PGA280AIPW digital operational amplifier chip, and the embedded controller module communicates with the PGA280AIPW digital operational amplifier chip through the SPI interface. 10 Set the magnification, the corresponding magnification is 1/8~128, and the output signal is further subjected to high-frequency filtering and differential filtering to reduce signal noise.
图6为本实用新型实施例模数转换器模块的电路图。如图6所示，模数转换电路(ADC)是微地震信号采集的核心部分，电路选用CS5361音频AD转换器，具有192KHz采样率，24位分辨率，双通道输入，IIS数据接口。AD 转换器上电初始化完毕后开始运行，以1KHz的采样速度双通道并行采集，数据存入处理器环形缓冲区，接收到GPS校时触发信号，通过处理器的DMA 管理器搬移缓冲区的数据到外部存储器，提高了数据处理的速度。由于采用统一时钟驱动，时间差固定，采样时间间隔固定，采样频率均匀，采样无任何干涉，保证了三通道采样时间的相对精度。FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an analog-to-digital converter module according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 6, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit (ADC) is the core part of microseismic signal acquisition. The circuit uses CS5361 audio AD converter with 192KHz sampling rate, 24-bit resolution, dual-channel input, and IIS data interface. After the AD converter is powered on and initialized, it starts to run, collects data in parallel at a sampling speed of 1KHz, and stores the data in the ring buffer of the processor. After receiving the GPS timing trigger signal, the data in the buffer is moved through the DMA manager of the processor. to external memory, improving the speed of data processing. Driven by a unified clock, the time difference is fixed, the sampling time interval is fixed, the sampling frequency is uniform, and there is no interference in sampling, which ensures the relative accuracy of the sampling time of the three channels.
考虑到微地震数据采集对于时间精度要求较高，CPU芯片外部晶振在长时间运行后会产生无法避免的误差，所以本实用新型在电路上设计了GPS校时模块做为授时基准，在GPS卫星信号稳定的前提下，GPS的重捕获时间是 1s，绝对时间精度可达到10-4秒，以秒信号作为AD数据长度的划分标志，GPS 秒中断后，数据被存储到SD卡，同时在文件中打上时间戳，从而保证了分布式采集站采集数据时间的一致性。Considering that microseismic data acquisition requires high time accuracy, the external crystal oscillator of the CPU chip will produce unavoidable errors after long-term operation, so the utility model designs a GPS timing module on the circuit as a timing reference, and the GPS satellite Under the premise of stable signal, the recapture time of GPS is 1s, and the absolute time accuracy can reach 10-4 seconds. The second signal is used as the division mark of AD data length. Time stamps are added to ensure the consistency of data collection time by distributed collection stations.
微地震智能识别装置上电后硬件开始初始化，顺序依次为CPU时钟、CPU 中断、片外SDRAM、LED指示灯、SPI总线、RS232串口、看门狗、默认参数读取、GPS、SD卡、片外AD模数转换器CS5361、片内AD、程控增益放大器PGA280。初始化结束后，经过1分钟左右的延时，GPS已经可以接收到授时信息，CS5361在GPS时间驱动下开始采集数据，启用DMA通道，每一分钟存储一帧数据，如此一直延续下去，在丢失GPS信号的情况下暂停存储数据。After the micro-seismic intelligent identification device is powered on, the hardware starts to initialize, and the sequence is CPU clock, CPU interrupt, off-chip SDRAM, LED indicator, SPI bus, RS232 serial port, watchdog, default parameter reading, GPS, SD card, on-chip External AD analog-to-digital converter CS5361, on-chip AD, and programmable gain amplifier PGA280. After initialization, after a delay of about 1 minute, the GPS can already receive the timing information. CS5361 starts to collect data driven by GPS time, enables the DMA channel, and stores a frame of data every minute. This continues until the GPS is lost. Signal to suspend storing data.
本实用新型通过在压裂井附近微地震监测井中布设多个三分量检波器来监测压裂井在压裂过程中诱发的微地震波，从而描述压裂过程中裂缝生长的几何形状和空间分布，能实时提供压裂施工过程中产生裂隙的高度、长度和方位角信息，利用这些信息可以优化井位设计、优化井网等开发措施，从而提高采收率。The utility model monitors the microseismic waves induced by the fracturing well during the fracturing process by arranging a plurality of three-component geophones in the microseismic monitoring well near the fracturing well, so as to describe the geometric shape and spatial distribution of the fracture growth during the fracturing process. It can provide real-time information on the height, length and azimuth angle of fractures generated during fracturing construction, and use these information to optimize well location design, optimize well pattern and other development measures, thereby improving recovery.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.
本文中应用了具体个例对本实用新型的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本实用新型的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本实用新型的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本实用新型的限制。In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present utility model and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to Thoughts of the present utility model all have changes in specific implementation and scope of application. To sum up, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the utility model.
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| CN201721011084.4UCN207408602U (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2017-08-14 | A kind of shale gas develops microseism pressure break intelligent identification device |
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| CN110220979A (en)* | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | High and steep bank slope stability monitoring system and evaluation method based on microseism technology |
| CN111522060A (en)* | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Earthquake monitoring system for shale gas development area |
| CN115097519A (en)* | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-23 | 中船勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Microseism detection signal front-end processing system |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110220979A (en)* | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | High and steep bank slope stability monitoring system and evaluation method based on microseism technology |
| CN110220979B (en)* | 2019-06-26 | 2021-12-10 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | High and steep bank slope stability monitoring system and evaluation method based on microseism technology |
| CN111522060A (en)* | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Earthquake monitoring system for shale gas development area |
| CN115097519A (en)* | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-23 | 中船勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Microseism detection signal front-end processing system |
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