技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种土壤化学成分含量的测量设备，特别是一种气量法测定土壤碳酸钙含量的简易装置。The utility model relates to a measuring device for the content of soil chemical components, in particular to a simple device for measuring the content of calcium carbonate in soil by gas volume method.
背景技术Background technique
在鉴定土壤化学性质以前首先要鉴定土壤中是否含有碳酸盐(主要是碳酸钙)。根据土壤中碳酸钙的有无及其含量多少，不仅能了解土壤的一般特性，也能判断和估计土壤中矿物营养元素存在的情况，对于盐渍化土壤也可以了解碱化的程度。传统测量土壤中碳酸钙含量的方法有气量法和中和滴定法。以往测量土壤中碳酸钙含量的装置复杂，且每测量一次土样即重新换一次装置，程序较繁琐，费时费力。Before identifying the chemical properties of the soil, it is first necessary to identify whether the soil contains carbonates (mainly calcium carbonate). According to the presence or absence of calcium carbonate in the soil and its content, not only the general characteristics of the soil can be understood, but also the existence of mineral nutrients in the soil can be judged and estimated. For salinized soil, the degree of alkalinization can also be understood. The traditional methods for measuring calcium carbonate content in soil include gas volume method and neutralization titration method. In the past, the device for measuring calcium carbonate content in soil was complicated, and the device was changed every time a soil sample was measured. The procedure was cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive.
测定土壤中碳酸钙的含量的方法，有中和滴定法、重量法、容量法、扩散法、差减法、气量法等，目前我国通用的主要是中和滴定法(又称碱吸收法)和气量法。中和滴定法的原理是向土壤中加入一定量标准酸，使之与碳酸盐反应，再用标准碱溶液回滴过量的酸，消耗的酸量来计算碳酸盐含量。由于土壤溶液有一定的缓冲性，指示剂颜色的变化迟缓，很难辨别滴定终点，测量误差较大。气量法的原理是，向土壤中加入一定量的酸，例如1:3的盐酸溶液，用气体装置收集反应产生的CO2，并测量其体积。根据产生的CO2量计算土壤碳酸盐含量，由于CO2的密度对大气压和温度比较敏感，因此需要同时测定大气压及温度。气量法操作简单，易于掌握，同时也较为准确，基本满足土壤化学组分析的精度要求。目前现行行业标准SL237—1999《土工试验规程》中给出了一套气量法的检测装置，由于其组装过程复杂，不易于操作，尤其对于非分析化学专业的技术人员，更加难以很快上手操作，不具备推广性。The methods for determining the content of calcium carbonate in soil include neutralization titration, gravimetric method, volumetric method, diffusion method, subtraction method, gas volume method, etc. At present, the common ones in my country are mainly neutralization titration (also known as alkali absorption method) and Gas method. The principle of the neutralization titration method is to add a certain amount of standard acid to the soil to make it react with carbonate, and then use the standard alkali solution to drip back the excess acid, and calculate the carbonate content by the amount of acid consumed. Because the soil solution has a certain buffer, the color of the indicator changes slowly, it is difficult to distinguish the titration end point, and the measurement error is relatively large. The principle of the gas volume method is to add a certain amount of acid to the soil, such as a 1:3 hydrochloric acid solution, use a gas device to collect the CO2 produced by the reaction, and measure its volume. Soil carbonate content is calculated according to the amount of CO2 produced. Since the density of CO2 is sensitive to atmospheric pressure and temperature, it is necessary to measure atmospheric pressure and temperature at the same time. The air volume method is simple to operate, easy to master, and relatively accurate, which basically meets the precision requirements of soil chemical group analysis. The current industry standard SL237-1999 "Geotechnical Test Regulations" provides a set of gas volume method detection devices. Due to its complicated assembly process, it is not easy to operate, especially for non-analytical chemistry technicians, it is even more difficult to get started quickly. , is not generalizable.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是提供一种气量法测定土壤碳酸钙含量的简易装置，以解决现有装置结构复杂，不易操作的技术问题。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a simple device for determining the content of calcium carbonate in soil by air volume method, so as to solve the technical problems of complex structure and difficult operation of the existing device.
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型所采用的技术方案是：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
一种气量法测定土壤碳酸钙含量的简易装置，包括广口瓶、带活塞的玻璃管、乳胶管、玻璃U形管、碱式滴定管、直颈漏斗、铁架台，所述铁架台上固定有两个碱式滴定管，两个碱式滴定管的下方通过乳胶管相连，其中一个滴定管的管口连接有直颈漏斗，另一个滴定管的管口连接一个玻璃U形管，玻璃U形管的另一端通过乳胶管和带活塞的玻璃管的一端相连，带活塞的玻璃管的另一端插入广口瓶中。A simple device for determining the content of calcium carbonate in soil by air volume method, comprising a jar, a glass tube with a piston, a latex tube, a glass U-shaped tube, an alkaline burette, a straight-necked funnel, and an iron stand, on which a Two alkaline burettes, the bottom of the two alkaline burettes are connected by a latex tube, the mouth of one of the burettes is connected to a straight neck funnel, the mouth of the other burette is connected to a glass U-shaped tube, the other end of the glass U-shaped tube The latex tube is connected to one end of the glass tube with a stopper, and the other end of the glass tube with a stopper is inserted into the jar.
优选的，所述玻璃U形管也可以用乳胶管。Preferably, the glass U-shaped tube can also be a latex tube.
本实用新型的有益效果是装置结构简单，非专业类的技术人员也可以很快上手操作，同时改进了测量方法，使计算过程更加简便。The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the structure of the device is simple, non-professional technicians can quickly get started to operate, and at the same time, the measurement method is improved to make the calculation process more convenient.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
图中，1.广口瓶，2.带活塞的玻璃管，3.乳胶管，4.玻璃U形管，5.碱式滴定管，6.直颈漏斗，7.铁架台。In the figure, 1. jar, 2. glass tube with piston, 3. latex tube, 4. glass U-shaped tube, 5. alkaline burette, 6. straight neck funnel, 7. iron stand.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.
本实用新型提供的一种气量法测定土壤碳酸钙含量的简易装置，由广口瓶1、带活塞的玻璃管2、乳胶管3、玻璃U形管4、碱式滴定管5、直颈漏斗6、铁架台7组成。The utility model provides a simple device for measuring soil calcium carbonate content by gas volume method, which consists of a jar 1, a glass tube with a piston 2, a latex tube 3, a glass U-shaped tube 4, an alkaline burette 5, and a straight neck funnel 6 , Iron frame platform 7 forms.
铁架台7上固定有两个碱式滴定管5，碱式滴定管的规格为25ml或50ml，两个碱式滴定管5的下方通过乳胶管3相连，其中一个滴定管的管口连接有直径为5cm的直颈漏斗6，另一个滴定管的管口连接一个玻璃U形管4，玻璃U形管也可以用乳胶管代替，玻璃U形管4的另一端通过乳胶管3和长度为8cm的带活塞的玻璃管2的一端相连，带活塞的玻璃管2的另一端插入250ml广口瓶1中。Two alkaline burettes 5 are fixed on the iron frame platform 7, and the specification of the alkaline burettes is 25ml or 50ml. Neck funnel 6, the mouth of another burette is connected to a glass U-shaped tube 4, the glass U-shaped tube can also be replaced by a latex tube, and the other end of the glass U-shaped tube 4 passes through the latex tube 3 and the glass with a piston of 8 cm in length. One end of the tube 2 is connected, and the other end of the glass tube 2 with a piston is inserted into a 250ml jar 1 .
测定步骤Measurement steps
本实用新型是这样实施的：首先按图连接好装置，关闭玻璃活塞，从漏斗里加入0.5mol/L的硫酸有色溶液(添加甲基红指示剂)，防止二氧化碳溶于水。检查气密性，装置不漏气可以进行反应。广口瓶里装称量的样品或纯的碳酸钙标准品，试管里装约2/3处的1:3(V:V)的盐酸溶液，用长镊子夹住试管小心地立在盛有样品的广口瓶底部，拧紧广口瓶口上的盖子，记录气量管的液面刻度。反应开始，用手拿住广口瓶口，倾斜使试管里的盐酸洒出和样品反应，当观察到连接广口瓶一侧的滴定管液面停止下降时，用手间歇轻摇广口瓶口4-5次，直到液面不再下降为止。然后，调节气量调节管的液面高度，使之和气量管的液面高度一致，记录气量管的液面高度，以确定产生二氧化碳的体积。按照上述操作步骤，称取干燥的分析纯碳酸钙，以二氧化碳的体积为纵坐标，以碳酸钙的质量为横坐标做标准曲线。根据同一单位时间测定样品的二氧化碳体积数，在标准曲线上查出碳酸钙的质量数，再换算成碳酸钙的百分含量。The utility model is implemented like this: firstly connect the device according to the figure, close the glass piston, add 0.5mol/L sulfuric acid colored solution (adding methyl red indicator) from the funnel to prevent carbon dioxide from being dissolved in water. Check the airtightness, the device is airtight and can be reacted. Put the weighed sample or pure calcium carbonate standard in the wide-mouth bottle, put about 2/3 of the 1:3 (V:V) hydrochloric acid solution in the test tube, clamp the test tube with long tweezers and stand carefully in the filled The bottom of the jar of the sample, tighten the cap on the mouth of the jar, and record the liquid level scale of the gas cylinder. At the beginning of the reaction, hold the mouth of the jar with your hand and tilt it so that the hydrochloric acid in the test tube spills out and reacts with the sample. When the liquid level of the burette connected to the side of the jar stops falling, shake the mouth of the jar intermittently with your hands. 4-5 times until the liquid level no longer drops. Then, adjust the liquid level of the gas volume regulating tube to make it consistent with the liquid level of the gas volume tube, and record the liquid level of the gas volume tube to determine the volume of carbon dioxide produced. According to the above operation steps, take dry analytically pure calcium carbonate, take the volume of carbon dioxide as the ordinate, and take the quality of calcium carbonate as the abscissa to make a standard curve. Measure the carbon dioxide volume of the sample according to the same unit time, find out the mass number of calcium carbonate on the standard curve, and then convert it into the percentage content of calcium carbonate.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720558396.0UCN207163843U (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2017-05-19 | A kind of easy device of gas method measure soil calcium carbonate content |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720558396.0UCN207163843U (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2017-05-19 | A kind of easy device of gas method measure soil calcium carbonate content |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207163843Utrue CN207163843U (en) | 2018-03-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720558396.0UExpired - Fee RelatedCN207163843U (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2017-05-19 | A kind of easy device of gas method measure soil calcium carbonate content |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN207163843U (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111189743A (en)* | 2020-03-05 | 2020-05-22 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of experimental device and operation method for measuring soil carbonate content |
| CN112504909A (en)* | 2020-11-07 | 2021-03-16 | 韶关凯鸿纳米材料有限公司 | Method for measuring ammonium bicarbonate content and zinc oxide production process for controlling ammonium bicarbonate dosage |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111189743A (en)* | 2020-03-05 | 2020-05-22 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of experimental device and operation method for measuring soil carbonate content |
| CN112504909A (en)* | 2020-11-07 | 2021-03-16 | 韶关凯鸿纳米材料有限公司 | Method for measuring ammonium bicarbonate content and zinc oxide production process for controlling ammonium bicarbonate dosage |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20180330 Termination date:20190519 |