技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于新能源领域，具体涉及一种相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置。The utility model belongs to the field of new energy, and in particular relates to a phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能光伏发电是近些年新兴发展较为迅速的一种发电形式。但是绝大部分的太阳辐射能量没有转化为电能，而是转化为热能或以电磁波形式辐射出去，这样造成太阳能光伏板温度升高。光伏电池(或者称为太阳能电池)对温度非常敏感。已测定在64℃的运行温度下，晶体硅太阳能电池的效率与标准测试条件(25℃)下所测量的效率相比下降了69％。Solar photovoltaic power generation is a form of power generation that has developed rapidly in recent years. However, most of the solar radiation energy is not converted into electrical energy, but converted into thermal energy or radiated in the form of electromagnetic waves, which causes the temperature of the solar photovoltaic panel to rise. Photovoltaic cells (or solar cells) are very sensitive to temperature. It has been determined that at an operating temperature of 64°C, the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells drops by 69% compared to the efficiency measured under standard test conditions (25°C).
由于温度的增加总是导致光伏转换效率的下降，所以有必要保持太阳能电池温度尽可能地接近其最高运行温度，从而提高转换效率。对于不同的电池，最高运行温度是不同的，但所有目前可用的光伏电池会在阳光充足的白天被加热超过其最高运行温度。因此，经常必须应用外部装置以降低电池的温度或防止温度上升过高。实现了上述情况的一种方式为将冷却装置应用于太阳能电池，其反过来需要能量，使用不方面，且成本较高。Since an increase in temperature always leads to a decrease in photovoltaic conversion efficiency, it is necessary to keep the solar cell temperature as close as possible to its maximum operating temperature to increase conversion efficiency. The maximum operating temperature is different for different cells, but all currently available photovoltaic cells are heated beyond their maximum operating temperature during sunny days. Therefore, it is often necessary to apply external means to reduce the temperature of the battery or to prevent the temperature from rising too high. One way to achieve the above is to apply a cooling device to the solar cells, which in turn requires energy, which is inconvenient and expensive.
为了提高太阳能电池的转换效率，期望寻找一种更高效的太阳能过热管理的装置。期望存在一种不需要外部冷却装置或外部冷却源的管理太阳能电池热量的装置。In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells, it is expected to find a more efficient solar overheating management device. It would be desirable to have a means of managing solar cell heat that does not require an external cooling device or source of external cooling.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种相变蓄热太阳能空气源热泵热水发电装置。本实用新型中光伏板与集热蒸发器组合在一起，利用相变蓄热材料来吸收光伏板热量，持续稳定地使制冷剂在集热蒸发器中吸收太阳能光伏板的热量而蒸发，一是达到了给光伏板降温的作用，提高了光伏板的光电转换效率，使光伏板稳定输出电能；二是达到了收集光伏板热量的作用。集热蒸发器吸收的太阳能与风冷式蒸发器吸收的空气热能，经热泵系统在水冷式冷凝器中与冷水交换热量，产出热水，实现了热能的有效利用。因此，本实用新型提高了能量的品质，有效利用和节约能源，具有稳定方便等优点。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a phase change heat storage solar air source heat pump hot water power generation device for the deficiencies of the prior art. In the utility model, the photovoltaic panel and the heat-collecting evaporator are combined together, and the phase-change heat storage material is used to absorb the heat of the photovoltaic panel, so that the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the solar photovoltaic panel in the heat-collecting evaporator and evaporates continuously and stably. It achieves the function of cooling the photovoltaic panel, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, and makes the photovoltaic panel output electric energy stably; the second is to achieve the function of collecting the heat of the photovoltaic panel. The solar energy absorbed by the heat collecting evaporator and the air heat energy absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator exchange heat with cold water in the water-cooled condenser through the heat pump system to produce hot water, realizing the effective use of heat energy. Therefore, the utility model improves the quality of energy, effectively utilizes and saves energy, and has the advantages of stability and convenience.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置，所述热泵热水发电装置包括制冷剂循环系统、水源加热系统和发电系统；A phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device, the heat pump hot water power generation device includes a refrigerant circulation system, a water source heating system and a power generation system;
所述制冷剂循环系统主要包括集热蒸发器、光伏板、风冷式蒸发器、水冷式冷凝器、压缩机和热力膨胀阀；集热蒸发器设于光伏板下用于吸收光伏板的热量，风冷式蒸发器与集热蒸发器并联，两者的并联端一端与压缩机相连，另一端与热力膨胀阀相连，压缩机和热力膨胀阀之间连接有水冷式冷凝器；制冷剂的循环过程为：集热蒸发器和风冷式蒸发器内的制冷剂吸热后蒸发汽化，然后进入压缩机压缩处理成高温高压的蒸汽，接着进入水冷式冷凝器中与其内的冷水换热使制冷剂冷却，制冷剂冷却后经热力膨胀阀节流后再次分别进入集热蒸发器和风冷式蒸发器内，从而实现制冷剂的循环过程；The refrigerant circulation system mainly includes a heat collecting evaporator, a photovoltaic panel, an air-cooled evaporator, a water-cooled condenser, a compressor and a thermal expansion valve; the heat collecting evaporator is arranged under the photovoltaic panel to absorb the heat of the photovoltaic panel , the air-cooled evaporator is connected in parallel with the heat collecting evaporator, one end of the parallel connection is connected with the compressor, the other end is connected with the thermal expansion valve, and a water-cooled condenser is connected between the compressor and the thermal expansion valve; the refrigerant The cycle process is: the refrigerant in the heat-collecting evaporator and the air-cooled evaporator evaporates and vaporizes after absorbing heat, then enters the compressor to be compressed and processed into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and then enters the water-cooled condenser to exchange heat with the cold water in it. Refrigerant cooling, after the refrigerant is cooled, it is throttled by the thermal expansion valve and then enters the heat collecting evaporator and the air-cooled evaporator respectively, so as to realize the circulation process of the refrigerant;
所述水源加热系统包括水泵，水泵抽取冷水进入水冷式冷凝器内进行换热，冷水吸热变成热水储存在蓄热储水箱中，实现水源加热；The water source heating system includes a water pump. The water pump pumps cold water into the water-cooled condenser for heat exchange. The cold water absorbs heat and becomes hot water, which is stored in the heat storage water tank to realize water source heating;
光伏板与蓄电池相连组成发电系统。Photovoltaic panels are connected with batteries to form a power generation system.
其中，为保证系统全天候产热稳定，集热蒸发器和风冷式蒸发器并联使用。Among them, in order to ensure the stable heat production of the system around the clock, the collector evaporator and the air-cooled evaporator are used in parallel.
在太阳辐射正常的情况下，制冷剂经热力膨胀阀节流后，一部分进入集热蒸发器，而光伏板吸收的太阳能的热量传递给集热蒸发器，从而降低自身温度提高光电转换效率。在保证了内部制冷剂完全蒸发后，光伏板产生的电能储存到蓄电池里，到需要用时再从蓄电池取电。该部分制冷剂在集热蒸发器中吸热汽化。Under the condition of normal solar radiation, after the refrigerant is throttled by the thermal expansion valve, part of it enters the heat collecting evaporator, and the heat of solar energy absorbed by the photovoltaic panel is transferred to the heat collecting evaporator, thereby reducing its own temperature and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. After ensuring that the internal refrigerant is completely evaporated, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel is stored in the battery, and then it is taken from the battery when needed. This part of the refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes in the heat collecting evaporator.
另一部分制冷剂，经风冷式蒸发器，吸收热量后，与集热蒸发器组件输出的气液制冷剂汇合，经压缩机压缩后进入水冷式冷凝器，并与水泵提升的冷水在其中换热，冷水吸收制冷剂液化的热量，可以输出大约60度左右的热水，储存在蓄热热水箱中，提供给建筑使用。光伏板发电电量由电路输送到蓄电池中进行储存，以备后续使用。电路中设有电源控制开关。开时光伏板发电，集热器吸热；关闭时光伏板仅进行吸热。The other part of the refrigerant, after the air-cooled evaporator absorbs heat, merges with the gas-liquid refrigerant output from the heat-collecting evaporator assembly, enters the water-cooled condenser after being compressed by the compressor, and exchanges it with the cold water lifted by the water pump. Hot, cold water absorbs the heat of refrigerant liquefaction, and can output hot water of about 60 degrees, which is stored in the heat storage hot water tank and provided for building use. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel is sent to the battery by the circuit for storage for subsequent use. A power control switch is arranged in the circuit. When it is turned on, the photovoltaic panel generates electricity, and the collector absorbs heat; when it is turned off, the photovoltaic panel only absorbs heat.
作为优选的技术方案：As a preferred technical solution:
优选的，所述集热蒸发器为管板式蒸发器，具体包括热媒管路、相变蓄热材料和保温层；集热蒸发器与光伏板之间设有导热膜，热媒管路无缝铺设在导热膜上，热媒管路和导热膜上覆盖有相变蓄热材料，保温层覆盖在相变蓄热材料上。光伏板和热媒管路之间铺设导热膜，在两者之间传递热量，以降低相邻热管之间的传热热阻，导热膜选用复合膜。相变蓄热材料填充覆盖，以达到充分吸收光伏板热量，保证全天候制冷剂能够稳定吸热蒸发，提高热传递的效率，相变蓄热材料外侧由保温层覆盖进行保温集热。Preferably, the heat-collecting evaporator is a tube-sheet evaporator, which specifically includes a heat medium pipeline, a phase-change heat storage material and an insulation layer; a heat-conducting film is provided between the heat-collecting evaporator and the photovoltaic panel, and the heat medium pipeline has no The seam is laid on the heat conduction film, the heat medium pipeline and the heat conduction film are covered with a phase change heat storage material, and the insulation layer is covered on the phase change heat storage material. A heat conduction film is laid between the photovoltaic panel and the heat medium pipeline to transfer heat between the two to reduce the heat transfer resistance between adjacent heat pipes. The heat conduction film is a composite film. The phase change heat storage material is filled and covered to fully absorb the heat of the photovoltaic panel, to ensure that the all-weather refrigerant can absorb heat and evaporate stably, and to improve the efficiency of heat transfer. The outside of the phase change heat storage material is covered by an insulation layer for heat preservation and heat collection.
优选的，所述光伏板为单晶体硅太阳能电池板，所述导热膜表面涂敷有粘胶，用与热媒管路和光伏板的贴合；导热膜表面涂敷粘胶，与热媒管路和光伏板贴合；Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell panel, and the surface of the heat conduction film is coated with glue, which is used for laminating the heat medium pipeline and the photovoltaic panel; the surface of the heat conduction film is coated with glue, and the heat medium pipe Road and photovoltaic panel bonding;
所述导热膜为高导热石墨膜，所述高导热石墨膜的导热系数为1700-1900w/m.k；The thermally conductive film is a high thermally conductive graphite film, and the thermal conductivity of the high thermally conductive graphite film is 1700-1900w/m.k;
所述热媒管路由蛇形环绕的制冷剂管路组成。The heat medium pipeline is composed of serpentine refrigerant pipelines.
优选的，所述光伏板的数目≥1，光伏板之间采用依靠制冷剂管路连接；所述保温层的表面覆盖有铝箔。保温层外表面覆盖铝箔，降低表面的辐射率，减少热量损失。Preferably, the number of the photovoltaic panels is ≥1, and the photovoltaic panels are connected by means of refrigerant pipelines; the surface of the thermal insulation layer is covered with aluminum foil. The outer surface of the insulation layer is covered with aluminum foil to reduce the radiation rate of the surface and reduce heat loss.
优选的，所述风冷式蒸发器与集热蒸发器的并联端与压缩机之间还设有气液分离器。气液分离器安装在蒸发器后，进入压缩机前，为防止系统制冷剂过多、蒸发器未完全蒸发的过潮过湿带颗粒性的混合气体、或气体中可能夹带的润滑油而专设的分离容器，能有效地保护压缩机。Preferably, a gas-liquid separator is also provided between the parallel end of the air-cooled evaporator and the heat collecting evaporator and the compressor. The gas-liquid separator is installed after the evaporator and before entering the compressor. It is specially designed to prevent too much refrigerant in the system, the over-humid and over-humid mixed gas with particles that has not been completely evaporated by the evaporator, or the lubricating oil that may be entrained in the gas. The separate container can effectively protect the compressor.
所述热力膨胀阀和水冷式冷凝器之间以及水泵和水冷式冷凝器之间还共同增设有再冷却器。制冷剂在经过水冷式冷凝器后，进入热力膨胀阀前，加一组再冷却器，一是使制冷剂充分冷却，系统能够稳定运行；二是可以高效率的吸收光伏板和空气源的热能；三是使进入水冷式冷凝器前的冷水预热。A sub-cooler is also added between the thermal expansion valve and the water-cooled condenser and between the water pump and the water-cooled condenser. After the refrigerant passes through the water-cooled condenser and before entering the thermal expansion valve, a set of recooler is added. First, the refrigerant is fully cooled and the system can operate stably; second, it can efficiently absorb the heat energy of the photovoltaic panels and the air source. ; The third is to preheat the cold water before entering the water-cooled condenser.
优选的，所述水冷式冷凝器为盘管式水冷冷凝器；所述压缩机为变频压缩机，所述蓄热储水箱表面包有蓄热材料。Preferably, the water-cooled condenser is a coil-type water-cooled condenser; the compressor is an inverter compressor, and the surface of the heat-storage water tank is covered with heat-storage materials.
优选的，所述光伏板嵌入在铝框支架中。Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is embedded in an aluminum frame support.
优选的，所述制冷剂为R134a。R134a作为使用最广泛的中低温环保制冷剂，由于其良好的综合性能，使其成为一种非常有效和安全的CFC-12的替代品，主要应用于在使用R12制冷剂的多数领域。Preferably, the refrigerant is R134a. R134a is the most widely used medium and low temperature environmentally friendly refrigerant. Due to its good comprehensive performance, it has become a very effective and safe substitute for CFC-12. It is mainly used in most fields where R12 refrigerant is used.
优选的，所述热力膨胀阀与集热蒸发器之间以及热力膨胀阀与风冷式蒸发器之间均设有截止阀；Preferably, stop valves are provided between the thermal expansion valve and the heat collecting evaporator and between the thermal expansion valve and the air-cooled evaporator;
所述水冷式冷凝器和蓄热储水箱之间设有截止阀；热力膨胀阀与集热蒸发器之间以及热力膨胀阀与风冷式蒸发器之间均设有截止阀和水冷式冷凝器和蓄热储水箱之间设有截止阀相同；A shut-off valve is provided between the water-cooled condenser and the heat storage water tank; a shut-off valve and a water-cooled condenser are provided between the thermal expansion valve and the heat collecting evaporator and between the thermal expansion valve and the air-cooled evaporator It is the same as having a stop valve between the heat storage tanks;
所述光伏板与蓄电池之间设有控制开关。A control switch is provided between the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery.
有益效果：Beneficial effect:
本实用新型的太阳能热泵系统，在正常太阳的情况下，不仅能提供生活热水也能产生电能。在太阳光照不充足的时候，也可以提供稳定的热水。The solar heat pump system of the utility model can not only provide domestic hot water but also generate electric energy under normal sunlight conditions. When the sun is not enough, it can also provide stable hot water.
本实用新型的太阳能热泵系统中，制冷剂直接在集热器蒸发器内蒸发吸热，既可以吸收太阳辐射能也可以吸收光伏板周围的热能，大大提高了系统在不同工况下连续运行的可靠性和稳定性。In the solar heat pump system of the utility model, the refrigerant directly evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator of the heat collector, which can absorb both solar radiation energy and heat energy around the photovoltaic panel, which greatly improves the continuous operation of the system under different working conditions. reliability and stability.
本实用新型的相变蓄热材料稳定吸收光伏板热量，而且集热蒸发器管道中流动的是制冷剂而非水，可有效避免冬季的冻管问题。而且与风冷式蒸发器并联使用，可大大提升热泵系统的稳定性及效率，充分满足用户的热水需求。The phase-change thermal storage material of the utility model absorbs the heat of the photovoltaic panel stably, and what flows in the pipeline of the heat-collecting evaporator is refrigerant instead of water, which can effectively avoid the problem of freezing pipes in winter. And it can be used in parallel with the air-cooled evaporator, which can greatly improve the stability and efficiency of the heat pump system, and fully meet the hot water demand of users.
本实用新型的变频压缩机的使用，在太阳能辐照和周围空中温度波动较大的情况下，可以达到压缩机功率与蒸发器热负荷更好的匹配的目的，提高了整个太阳能热泵的效率。The use of the frequency conversion compressor of the utility model can achieve better matching between the power of the compressor and the heat load of the evaporator when the solar radiation and the ambient air temperature fluctuate greatly, and the efficiency of the entire solar heat pump is improved.
本实用新型的导热膜表面贴在热媒管路和太阳能电池板上，减小了相邻热管之间的传导热阻，减少制冷剂管路数量，降低组件成本并且连接太阳能电池板和热媒管路，在两者之间传递热量。该装置维修方便，有利于市场推广。The surface of the heat conduction film of the utility model is pasted on the heat medium pipeline and the solar battery panel, which reduces the conduction heat resistance between adjacent heat pipes, reduces the number of refrigerant pipelines, reduces component costs and connects the solar battery panel and the heat medium The pipes transfer heat between the two. The device is easy to maintain and is beneficial to market promotion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例2的相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device of the utility model embodiment 2;
图2为本实用新型的光伏板与集热蒸发器组合部件的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the assembly part of photovoltaic panel and heat collecting evaporator of the present utility model;
图3为本实用新型的光伏板以铝框支架拼接起来的装置的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic structural view of the device in which the photovoltaic panels of the present invention are spliced together with aluminum frame supports;
图4为本实用新型实施例3的相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置的示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device according to Embodiment 3 of the utility model;
其中，1-光伏板，2-集热蒸发器，2.1-热媒管路，2.2-相变蓄热材料，2.3-保温层，3-风冷式蒸发器，4-压缩机，5-水冷式冷凝器，6-热力膨胀阀，7-水泵，8-蓄热储水箱，9-蓄电池， 10-气液分离器，11-再冷却器，12-截止阀，13-控制开关，14-导热膜，15-铝框支架。Among them, 1-photovoltaic panel, 2-heat collector evaporator, 2.1-heat medium pipeline, 2.2-phase change thermal storage material, 2.3-insulation layer, 3-air-cooled evaporator, 4-compressor, 5-water cooling Type condenser, 6-thermal expansion valve, 7-water pump, 8-heat storage water tank, 9-battery, 10-gas-liquid separator, 11-recooler, 12-stop valve, 13-control switch, 14- Thermal film, 15-aluminum frame bracket.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本实用新型。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本实用新型而不用于限制本实用新型的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本实用新型讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本实用新型作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further elaborate the utility model. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the utility model, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the utility model, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the application.
实施例1Example 1
一种相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置，热泵热水发电装置包括制冷剂循环系统、水源加热系统和发电系统；A phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device, the heat pump hot water power generation device includes a refrigerant circulation system, a water source heating system and a power generation system;
制冷剂循环系统，主要包括光伏板1、集热蒸发器2、风冷式蒸发器3、水冷式冷凝器5、压缩机4和热力膨胀阀6；集热蒸发器2设于光伏板1下用于吸收光伏板的热量，风冷式蒸发器3与集热蒸发器2并联，两者的并联端一端与压缩机4相连，另一端与热力膨胀阀6相连，压缩机4和热力膨胀阀6之间连接有水冷式冷凝器5；制冷剂的循环过程为：集热蒸发器2和风冷式蒸发器3内的制冷剂吸热后蒸发汽化，然后进入压缩机4压缩处理成高温高压的蒸汽，接着进入水冷式冷凝器5中与其内的冷水换热使制冷剂冷却，制冷剂冷却后经热力膨胀阀6节流后再次分别进入集热蒸发器2和风冷式蒸发器3内，从而实现制冷剂的循环过程；Refrigerant circulation system mainly includes photovoltaic panel 1, heat collecting evaporator 2, air-cooled evaporator 3, water-cooled condenser 5, compressor 4 and thermal expansion valve 6; heat collecting evaporator 2 is located under photovoltaic panel 1 For absorbing the heat of the photovoltaic panel, the air-cooled evaporator 3 is connected in parallel with the heat collecting evaporator 2, and one end of the two parallel ends is connected to the compressor 4, and the other end is connected to the thermal expansion valve 6, and the compressor 4 and the thermal expansion valve 6 is connected with a water-cooled condenser 5; the circulation process of the refrigerant is: the refrigerant in the heat-collecting evaporator 2 and the air-cooled evaporator 3 evaporates and vaporizes after absorbing heat, and then enters the compressor 4 to be compressed and processed into high temperature and high pressure The steam then enters the water-cooled condenser 5 to exchange heat with the cold water in it to cool the refrigerant. After the refrigerant is cooled, it is throttled by the thermal expansion valve 6 and then enters the heat collecting evaporator 2 and the air-cooled evaporator 3 respectively. , so as to realize the circulation process of the refrigerant;
水源加热系统包括水泵7，水泵7抽取冷水进入水冷式冷凝器5内进行换热，冷水吸热变成热水储存在蓄热储水箱8中，实现水源加热；其中，水冷式冷凝器为盘管式水冷冷凝器；压缩机为变频压缩机，蓄热储水箱表面包有蓄热材料。The water source heating system includes a water pump 7. The water pump 7 pumps cold water into the water-cooled condenser 5 for heat exchange. The cold water absorbs heat and becomes hot water and is stored in the heat storage tank 8 to realize water source heating; wherein the water-cooled condenser is a disk Tube-type water-cooled condenser; the compressor is an inverter compressor, and the surface of the heat-storage water tank is covered with heat-storage materials.
光伏板1与蓄电池9相连组成发电系统。其中，光伏板1与蓄电池5之间设有控制开关 13，光伏板的数目为1，光伏板1为单晶体硅太阳能电池板。The photovoltaic panel 1 is connected with the storage battery 9 to form a power generation system. Wherein, a control switch 13 is arranged between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the storage battery 5, the number of the photovoltaic panel is 1, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is a monocrystalline silicon solar cell panel.
集热蒸发器2为管板式蒸发器，具体如图2所示，包括热媒管路2.1、相变蓄热材料2.2 和保温层2.3；集热蒸发器与光伏板之间设有导热膜14，热媒管路2.1无缝铺设在导热膜14 上，热媒管路2.1和导热膜14上覆盖有相变蓄热材料2.2，保温层2.3覆盖在相变蓄热材料 2.2上。导热膜14表面涂敷有粘胶，用与热媒管路和光伏板的贴合；导热膜为高导热石墨膜，高导热石墨膜的导热系数为1800w/m.k；热媒管路2.1由蛇形环绕的制冷剂管路组成。The heat collecting evaporator 2 is a tube-sheet evaporator, as shown in Figure 2, including a heat medium pipeline 2.1, a phase change heat storage material 2.2 and an insulation layer 2.3; a heat conducting film 14 is arranged between the heat collecting evaporator and the photovoltaic panel The heat medium pipeline 2.1 is seamlessly laid on the heat conduction film 14, the heat medium pipeline 2.1 and the heat conduction film 14 are covered with a phase change heat storage material 2.2, and the heat preservation layer 2.3 is covered on the phase change heat storage material 2.2. The surface of the heat conduction film 14 is coated with glue, which is used to bond the heat medium pipeline and the photovoltaic panel; the heat conduction film is a high thermal conductivity graphite film, and the thermal conductivity of the high heat conduction graphite film is 1800w/m.k; the heat medium pipeline 2.1 is composed of a snake Formed around the refrigerant pipeline.
热力膨胀阀6与集热蒸发器2之间以及热力膨胀阀6与风冷式蒸发器3之间均设有截止阀12；水冷式冷凝器5和蓄热储水箱8之间设有截止阀12。A stop valve 12 is provided between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the heat collecting evaporator 2 and between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the air-cooled evaporator 3; a stop valve is provided between the water-cooled condenser 5 and the thermal storage tank 8 12.
实施例2Example 2
一种相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置，热泵热水发电装置包括制冷剂循环系统、水源加热系统和发电系统；A phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device, the heat pump hot water power generation device includes a refrigerant circulation system, a water source heating system and a power generation system;
制冷剂循环系统，如图1所示，主要包括光伏板1、集热蒸发器2、风冷式蒸发器3、水冷式冷凝器5、压缩机4和热力膨胀阀6；集热蒸发器2设于光伏板1下用于吸收光伏板的热量，风冷式蒸发器3与集热蒸发器2并联，两者的并联端一端与压缩机4相连，另一端与热力膨胀阀6相连，压缩机4和热力膨胀阀6之间连接有水冷式冷凝器5；制冷剂的循环过程为：集热蒸发器2和风冷式蒸发器3内的制冷剂吸热后蒸发汽化，然后进入压缩机4压缩处理成高温高压的蒸汽，接着进入水冷式冷凝器5中与其内的冷水换热使制冷剂冷却，制冷剂冷却后经热力膨胀阀6节流后再次分别进入集热蒸发器2和风冷式蒸发器3内，从而实现制冷剂的循环过程；The refrigerant circulation system, as shown in Figure 1, mainly includes photovoltaic panels 1, heat collecting evaporator 2, air-cooled evaporator 3, water-cooled condenser 5, compressor 4 and thermal expansion valve 6; heat collecting evaporator 2 It is installed under the photovoltaic panel 1 to absorb the heat of the photovoltaic panel. The air-cooled evaporator 3 is connected in parallel with the heat collecting evaporator 2. One end of the parallel connection of the two is connected to the compressor 4, and the other end is connected to the thermal expansion valve 6. Compression A water-cooled condenser 5 is connected between the machine 4 and the thermal expansion valve 6; the circulation process of the refrigerant is: the refrigerant in the heat-collecting evaporator 2 and the air-cooled evaporator 3 evaporates after absorbing heat, and then enters the compressor 4 Compress and process into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and then enter the water-cooled condenser 5 to exchange heat with the cold water in it to cool the refrigerant. In the cold evaporator 3, the circulation process of the refrigerant is realized;
水源加热系统包括水泵7，水泵7抽取冷水进入水冷式冷凝器5内进行换热，冷水吸热变成热水储存在蓄热储水箱8中，实现水源加热；The water source heating system includes a water pump 7. The water pump 7 pumps cold water into the water-cooled condenser 5 for heat exchange. The cold water absorbs heat and turns into hot water, which is stored in the heat storage water tank 8 to realize water source heating;
其中，热力膨胀阀6和水冷式冷凝器5之间以及水泵7和水冷式冷凝器5之间还共同增设有再冷却器11。Wherein, a recooler 11 is added between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the water-cooled condenser 5 and between the water pump 7 and the water-cooled condenser 5 .
光伏板1与蓄电池9相连组成发电系统。其中，光伏板1与蓄电池5之间设有控制开关 13，光伏板的数目为12，光伏1嵌入在铝框支架15中，如图3所示；光伏板之间采用依靠制冷剂管路连接，光伏板1为单晶体硅太阳能电池板。The photovoltaic panel 1 is connected with the storage battery 9 to form a power generation system. Among them, a control switch 13 is provided between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the battery 5, the number of photovoltaic panels is 12, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is embedded in the aluminum frame support 15, as shown in Figure 3; the photovoltaic panels are connected by refrigerant pipelines , The photovoltaic panel 1 is a monocrystalline silicon solar panel.
集热蒸发器2为管板式蒸发器，包括热媒管路2.1、相变蓄热材料2.2和保温层2.3；集热蒸发器与光伏板之间设有导热膜14，热媒管路2.1无缝铺设在导热膜14上，热媒管路2.1 和导热膜14上覆盖有相变蓄热材料2.2，保温层2.3覆盖在相变蓄热材料2.2上，保温2.3的表面覆盖有铝箔。导热膜14表面涂敷有粘胶，用与热媒管路和光伏板的贴合；导热膜为高导热石墨膜，高导热石墨膜的导热系数为1900w/m.k；热媒管路2.1由蛇形环绕的制冷剂管路组成。The heat collecting evaporator 2 is a tube-sheet evaporator, including a heat medium pipeline 2.1, a phase change heat storage material 2.2 and an insulation layer 2.3; a heat conducting film 14 is provided between the heat collecting evaporator and the photovoltaic panel, and the heat medium pipeline 2.1 has no The seam is laid on the heat conduction film 14, the heat medium pipeline 2.1 and the heat conduction film 14 are covered with the phase change heat storage material 2.2, the heat preservation layer 2.3 is covered on the phase change heat storage material 2.2, and the surface of the heat preservation 2.3 is covered with aluminum foil. The surface of the heat conduction film 14 is coated with glue, which is used for bonding the heat medium pipeline and the photovoltaic panel; the heat conduction film is a high thermal conductivity graphite film, and the thermal conductivity of the high heat conduction graphite film is 1900w/m.k; the heat medium pipeline 2.1 is composed of a snake Formed around the refrigerant pipeline.
热力膨胀阀6与集热蒸发器2之间以及热力膨胀阀6与风冷式蒸发器3之间均设有截止阀12；水冷式冷凝器5和蓄热储水箱8之间设有截止阀12。A stop valve 12 is provided between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the heat collecting evaporator 2 and between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the air-cooled evaporator 3; a stop valve is provided between the water-cooled condenser 5 and the thermal storage tank 8 12.
制冷剂为R134a。The refrigerant is R134a.
实施例3Example 3
一种相变蓄热太阳能空气源双热源热泵热水发电装置，热泵热水发电装置包括制冷剂循环系统、水源加热系统和发电系统；A phase change heat storage solar air source dual heat source heat pump hot water power generation device, the heat pump hot water power generation device includes a refrigerant circulation system, a water source heating system and a power generation system;
制冷剂循环系统，如图4所示，主要包括光伏板1、集热蒸发器2、风冷式蒸发器3、水冷式冷凝器5、压缩机4和热力膨胀阀6；集热蒸发器2设于光伏板1下用于吸收光伏板的热量，风冷式蒸发器3与集热蒸发器2并联，两者的并联端一端与压缩机4相连，另一端与热力膨胀阀6相连，压缩机4和热力膨胀阀6之间连接有水冷式冷凝器5；制冷剂的循环过程为：集热蒸发器2和风冷式蒸发器3内的制冷剂吸热后蒸发汽化，然后进入压缩机4压缩处理成高温高压的蒸汽，接着进入水冷式冷凝器5中与其内的冷水换热使制冷剂冷却，制冷剂冷却后经热力膨胀阀6节流后再次分别进入集热蒸发器2和风冷式蒸发器3内，从而实现制冷剂的循环过程；The refrigerant circulation system, as shown in Figure 4, mainly includes photovoltaic panels 1, heat collecting evaporator 2, air-cooled evaporator 3, water-cooled condenser 5, compressor 4 and thermal expansion valve 6; heat collecting evaporator 2 It is installed under the photovoltaic panel 1 to absorb the heat of the photovoltaic panel. The air-cooled evaporator 3 is connected in parallel with the heat collecting evaporator 2. One end of the parallel connection of the two is connected to the compressor 4, and the other end is connected to the thermal expansion valve 6. Compression A water-cooled condenser 5 is connected between the machine 4 and the thermal expansion valve 6; the circulation process of the refrigerant is: the refrigerant in the heat-collecting evaporator 2 and the air-cooled evaporator 3 evaporates after absorbing heat, and then enters the compressor 4 Compress and process into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and then enter the water-cooled condenser 5 to exchange heat with the cold water in it to cool the refrigerant. In the cold evaporator 3, the circulation process of the refrigerant is realized;
水源加热系统包括水泵7，水泵7抽取冷水进入水冷式冷凝器5内进行换热，冷水吸热变成热水储存在蓄热储水箱8中，实现水源加热；水冷式冷凝器左侧管线为制冷剂管路，右侧的管路为热水管路。左侧制冷剂由下而上经过水冷式冷凝器，制冷剂发生冷凝放热；再经过再冷却器，制冷剂温度再次下降，传导热量给热水系统中的冷水，使其预热。右侧热水管路，水由上而下依次经过再冷却器，吸收了制冷剂热量，温度稍微提升；又经过水冷式冷凝器，与制冷剂进行换热，此时温度大范围的达到了提升。The water source heating system includes a water pump 7. The water pump 7 pumps cold water into the water-cooled condenser 5 for heat exchange. The cold water absorbs heat and becomes hot water and is stored in the heat storage tank 8 to realize water source heating; the pipeline on the left side of the water-cooled condenser is The refrigerant pipeline, the pipeline on the right is the hot water pipeline. The refrigerant on the left side passes through the water-cooled condenser from bottom to top, where the refrigerant condenses and releases heat; then passes through the re-cooler, the temperature of the refrigerant drops again, and conducts heat to the cold water in the hot water system to preheat it. In the hot water pipeline on the right, the water passes through the re-cooler from top to bottom, absorbing the heat of the refrigerant, and the temperature rises slightly; it also passes through the water-cooled condenser to exchange heat with the refrigerant, and the temperature reaches a large promote.
其中，风冷式蒸发器3与集热蒸发器2的并联端与压缩机4之间还设有气液分离器10，热力膨胀阀6和水冷式冷凝器5之间以及水泵7和水冷式冷凝器5之间还共同增设有再冷却器11。Among them, a gas-liquid separator 10 is also provided between the parallel end of the air-cooled evaporator 3 and the heat-collecting evaporator 2 and the compressor 4, between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the water-cooled condenser 5, and between the water pump 7 and the water-cooled condenser. A recooler 11 is also added between the condensers 5 .
光伏板1与蓄电池9相连组成发电系统。其中，光伏板1与蓄电池5之间设有控制开关 13，光伏板的数目为12，光伏1嵌入在铝框支架15中，如图3所示；光伏板之间采用依靠制冷剂管路连接，光伏板1为单晶体硅太阳能电池板。The photovoltaic panel 1 is connected with the storage battery 9 to form a power generation system. Among them, a control switch 13 is provided between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the battery 5, the number of photovoltaic panels is 12, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is embedded in the aluminum frame support 15, as shown in Figure 3; the photovoltaic panels are connected by refrigerant pipelines , The photovoltaic panel 1 is a monocrystalline silicon solar panel.
集热蒸发器2为管板式蒸发器，包括热媒管路2.1、相变蓄热材料2.2和保温层2.3；集热蒸发器与光伏板之间设有导热膜14，热媒管路2.1无缝铺设在导热膜14上，热媒管路2.1 和导热膜14上覆盖有相变蓄热材料2.2，保温层2.3覆盖在相变蓄热材料2.2上，保温2.3的表面覆盖有铝箔。导热膜14表面涂敷有粘胶，用与热媒管路和光伏板的贴合；导热膜为高导热石墨膜，高导热石墨膜的导热系数为1700w/m.k；热媒管路2.1由蛇形环绕的制冷剂管路组成。The heat collecting evaporator 2 is a tube-sheet evaporator, including a heat medium pipeline 2.1, a phase change heat storage material 2.2 and an insulation layer 2.3; a heat conducting film 14 is provided between the heat collecting evaporator and the photovoltaic panel, and the heat medium pipeline 2.1 has no The seam is laid on the heat conduction film 14, the heat medium pipeline 2.1 and the heat conduction film 14 are covered with the phase change heat storage material 2.2, the heat preservation layer 2.3 is covered on the phase change heat storage material 2.2, and the surface of the heat preservation 2.3 is covered with aluminum foil. The surface of the heat conduction film 14 is coated with glue, which is used to bond the heat medium pipeline and the photovoltaic panel; the heat conduction film is a high thermal conductivity graphite film, and the thermal conductivity of the high heat conduction graphite film is 1700w/m.k; the heat medium pipeline 2.1 is composed of a snake Formed around the refrigerant pipeline.
热力膨胀阀6与集热蒸发器2之间以及热力膨胀阀6与风冷式蒸发器3之间均设有截止阀12；水冷式冷凝器5和蓄热储水箱8之间设有截止阀12。A stop valve 12 is provided between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the heat collecting evaporator 2 and between the thermal expansion valve 6 and the air-cooled evaporator 3; a stop valve is provided between the water-cooled condenser 5 and the thermal storage tank 8 12.
制冷剂为R134a。The refrigerant is R134a.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720571261.8UCN206890915U (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of phase-transition heat-storage solar air source double heat source heat pump hot water electric generating apparatus |
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| CN201720571261.8UCN206890915U (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of phase-transition heat-storage solar air source double heat source heat pump hot water electric generating apparatus |
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| CN109798662A (en)* | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-24 | 合肥美的暖通设备有限公司 | Regenerative heat exchange Teat pump boiler and its control method |
| CN109945292A (en)* | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-28 | 山东大学 | Dual heat source two-stage compression heat pump hot water system and method with auxiliary compressor |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109798662A (en)* | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-24 | 合肥美的暖通设备有限公司 | Regenerative heat exchange Teat pump boiler and its control method |
| CN109945292A (en)* | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-28 | 山东大学 | Dual heat source two-stage compression heat pump hot water system and method with auxiliary compressor |
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