技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及热能工程技术领域，特别涉及一种基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统。The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal energy engineering, in particular to a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，全国各地尤其是北方地区的冬季雾霾频发，其主要原因之一是供暖燃煤锅炉的颗粒物、SOx以及NOx的排放。为此，各地目前正在大力推广煤改气、煤改电。可是，燃气锅炉仍然存在NOx排放的问题；电供暖具有清洁的优点，但却存在运行成本过高的问题。另一方面，随着国民经济的发展，电力系统中的电力负荷峰谷差不断增大，尤其是近年来随着风力发电、光伏发电等可再生能源发电的装机容量大幅增长，由于电网无法消纳其所发电力而产生严重的“弃风”、“弃光”现象。因此，通过大规模利用低谷电来实现电网的“移峰填谷”是一个紧迫的课题。由此可见，利用廉价的低谷电来实现冬季供暖，进而实现夏季供冷和全年供热水是一个既环保又经济的、较理想的技术路线。In recent years, winter smog has occurred frequently throughout the country, especially in the northern region. One of the main reasons is the emission of particulate matter, SOx and NOx from heating coal-fired boilers. To this end, various places are currently vigorously promoting coal-to-gas and coal-to-electricity. However, gas-fired boilers still have the problem of NOx emissions; electric heating has the advantage of being clean, but it has the problem of high operating costs. On the other hand, with the development of the national economy, the peak-to-valley difference in power load in the power system continues to increase, especially in recent years as the installed capacity of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaic power has increased significantly. The phenomenon of "abandoned wind" and "abandoned light" is caused by accepting the electricity generated by it. Therefore, it is an urgent task to realize the "peak shifting and valley filling" of the power grid through large-scale utilization of low-valley electricity. It can be seen that using cheap off-peak electricity to realize winter heating, and then realize summer cooling and year-round hot water supply is an ideal technical route that is both environmentally friendly and economical.
对于低谷电的利用技术，高密度的蓄能是关键所在。在建筑节能领域，低谷电冰蓄冷中央空调是一种得到广泛应用的低谷电利用技术。其特点是，在夜间低谷电时段运行压缩式热泵进行制冰，而在峰电时段通过融冰来向用户提供冷量，从而实现“移峰填谷”。可是，低谷电冰蓄冷空调技术存在三个方面的不足，一是由于制冰需要一定的过冷度，通常将压缩式热泵的蒸发温度控制在零下5℃左右，而实际的供冷温度只需零上7℃左右，因而制冷COP较低；二是水与冰之间的相变潜热较小(334.5kJ/kg)，再加上由于冰的热传导性不佳而不能将蓄冰槽中的水全部转化为冰，通常将水的转化率控制在50％左右，因而蓄能密度较低；三是低谷电冰蓄冷中央空调一年四季中只有夏季工作，其他三个季度处于休眠状态，设备运行率极低，因而其“移峰填谷”的作用有限，经济性也较差。For the utilization technology of low-valley electricity, high-density energy storage is the key. In the field of building energy conservation, off-peak electric ice storage central air-conditioning is a widely used off-peak power utilization technology. Its characteristic is that the compression heat pump is operated to make ice during the low power period at night, and the cooling capacity is provided to users by melting ice during the peak power period, thereby realizing "peak shifting and valley filling". However, there are three deficiencies in low-valley electric ice storage air-conditioning technology. First, because ice production requires a certain degree of supercooling, the evaporation temperature of the compression heat pump is usually controlled at minus 5°C, while the actual cooling temperature is only It is about 7°C above zero, so the cooling COP is low; second, the latent heat of phase change between water and ice is small (334.5kJ/kg), and due to the poor thermal conductivity of ice, the ice in the ice storage tank cannot All water is converted into ice, and the conversion rate of water is usually controlled at about 50%, so the energy storage density is low; the third is that the low-valley electric ice storage central air conditioner only works in summer during the four seasons of the year, and the other three seasons are in a dormant state. The operating rate is extremely low, so its effect of "shifting peaks and filling valleys" is limited, and the economy is also poor.
实用新型内容Utility model content
有鉴于此，本实用新型实施例提供一种基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统，主要目的是提高使用低谷电进行储能的能力，从而显著提高其“移峰填谷”的作用，并以低价的低谷电部分或全部代替高价的峰电和尖峰电来改善其经济性。In view of this, the embodiment of the utility model provides a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electricity energy storage, the main purpose is to improve the ability to use low-valley electricity for energy storage, thereby significantly improving its function of "shifting peaks and filling valleys", and using Low-priced off-peak electricity partially or completely replaces high-priced peak and peak electricity to improve its economy.
为达到上述目的，本实用新型主要提供如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the utility model mainly provides the following technical solutions:
第一方面，本实用新型提供了一种基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统，包括吸收式热泵子系统和中央空调子系统，所述吸收式热泵子系统包括：In the first aspect, the utility model provides a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage, including an absorption heat pump subsystem and a central air-conditioning subsystem, and the absorption heat pump subsystem includes:
吸收溶液腔室，由上下两部分组成，上部为吸收溶液喷淋腔室，下部为吸收溶液承接室；The absorption solution chamber is composed of upper and lower parts, the upper part is the absorption solution spray chamber, and the lower part is the absorption solution receiving chamber;
第一吸收溶液喷淋装置，设于所述吸收溶液喷淋腔室，吸收溶液通过所述第一吸收溶液喷淋装置在吸收溶液喷淋腔室内喷淋并闪蒸产生工质蒸气，蒸发浓缩后的吸收溶液落到所述吸收溶液承接室内；The first absorbing solution spraying device is arranged in the absorbing solution spraying chamber, and the absorbing solution is sprayed in the absorbing solution spraying chamber by the first absorbing solution spraying device and flashed to generate working medium vapor, evaporated and concentrated The final absorption solution falls into the absorption solution receiving chamber;
第一吸收溶液喷淋管道，设于所述吸收溶液腔室外部，吸收溶液承接室与第一吸收溶液喷淋装置通过第一吸收溶液喷淋管道连接；The first absorption solution spraying pipeline is arranged outside the absorption solution chamber, and the absorption solution receiving chamber is connected to the first absorption solution spraying device through the first absorption solution spraying pipeline;
第一吸收溶液喷淋泵，设于所述第一吸收溶液喷淋管道上，将吸收溶液承接室内的吸收溶液通过吸收溶液喷淋管道输送至第一吸收溶液喷淋装置进行喷淋；The first absorption solution spray pump is installed on the first absorption solution spray pipeline, and transports the absorption solution in the absorption solution receiving chamber to the first absorption solution spray device through the absorption solution spray pipeline for spraying;
第一吸收溶液换热器，设于所述吸收溶液喷淋管道上，所述第一吸收溶液换热器的冷流体侧与吸收溶液喷淋管道连接，流经第一吸收溶液换热器的热流体侧的发生热媒加热流经冷流体侧的吸收溶液；The first absorption solution heat exchanger is arranged on the absorption solution spray pipeline, the cold fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger is connected with the absorption solution spray pipeline, and the water flowing through the first absorption solution heat exchanger The generating heat medium on the hot fluid side heats the absorption solution flowing through the cold fluid side;
工质腔室，所述工质腔室通过工质蒸气通道连通吸收溶液喷淋腔室；A working medium chamber, the working medium chamber communicates with the absorption solution spraying chamber through the working medium vapor channel;
第一工质换热器，设于工质腔室内或设于工质腔室外，流经第一工质换热器的冷凝热媒吸收工质蒸气在工质腔室内冷凝释放的冷凝热；The first working fluid heat exchanger is installed inside or outside the working medium chamber, and the condensation heat medium flowing through the first working medium heat exchanger absorbs the condensation heat released by the condensation of the working medium vapor in the working medium chamber;
冷凝工质接收器，设于所述工质腔室的下部，所述冷凝工质接收器用于承接冷凝工质；The condensed working fluid receiver is arranged at the lower part of the working medium chamber, and the condensed working medium receiver is used to receive the condensed working fluid;
冷凝工质储罐，用于储存冷凝工质，所述冷凝工质储罐与所述的冷凝工质接收器通过第一冷凝工质管道连接，所述冷凝工质接收器承接的冷凝工质通过第一冷凝工质管道输送至所述冷凝工质储罐；The condensed working medium storage tank is used to store the condensed working medium. The condensed working medium storage tank is connected to the condensed working medium receiver through the first condensed working medium pipeline, and the condensed working medium received by the condensed working medium receiver transported to the condensed working medium storage tank through the first condensed working medium pipeline;
冷凝工质喷淋装置，设于所述工质腔室内，所述冷凝工质喷淋装置通过冷凝工质喷淋管道与所述冷凝工质储罐连接；A condensed working medium spray device is installed in the working medium chamber, and the condensed working medium spray device is connected to the condensed working medium storage tank through a condensed working medium spray pipe;
冷凝工质喷淋泵，设于冷凝工质喷淋管道上，用于将冷凝工质储罐内的冷凝工质输送至冷凝工质喷淋装置进行喷淋；The condensed working medium spray pump is installed on the condensed working medium spray pipe, and is used to transport the condensed working medium in the condensed working medium storage tank to the condensed working medium spraying device for spraying;
第二工质换热器，设于冷凝工质喷淋管道上或设于所述工质腔室内冷凝工质喷淋装置的下方，流经第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒为冷凝工质储罐内的冷凝工质在工质腔室内蒸发提供所需热量；The second working fluid heat exchanger is arranged on the condensing working medium spray pipe or under the condensing working medium spraying device in the working medium chamber, and the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working medium heat exchanger is condensing The condensed working fluid in the working fluid storage tank evaporates in the working fluid chamber to provide the required heat;
第二吸收溶液喷淋装置，设于所述吸收溶液喷淋腔室，吸收溶液通过所述第二吸收溶液喷淋装置在吸收溶液喷淋腔室内喷淋并吸收工质腔室内蒸发产生的工质蒸气而稀释，稀释后的吸收溶液落到所述吸收溶液承接室内；The second absorbing solution spraying device is arranged in the absorbing solution spraying chamber, and the absorbing solution is sprayed in the absorbing solution spraying chamber through the second absorbing solution spraying device and absorbs the process produced by evaporation in the working medium chamber. Diluted with mass vapor, the diluted absorption solution falls into the absorption solution receiving chamber;
第二吸收溶液喷淋管道，设于所述吸收溶液腔室外部，吸收溶液承接室与第二吸收溶液喷淋装置通过第二吸收溶液喷淋管道连接，吸收溶液腔室内吸收溶液通过第二吸收溶液喷淋管道输送至第二吸收溶液喷淋装置进行喷淋；The second absorption solution spraying pipeline is arranged outside the absorption solution chamber, the absorption solution receiving chamber is connected to the second absorption solution spraying device through the second absorption solution spraying pipeline, and the absorption solution in the absorption solution chamber passes through the second absorption solution The solution spraying pipeline is transported to the second absorption solution spraying device for spraying;
第二吸收溶液换热器，设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室内第二吸收溶液喷淋装置的下方或设于第二吸收溶液喷淋管道上，所述吸收溶液承接室内的吸收溶液输送至吸收溶液喷淋腔室内进行喷淋吸收工质腔室产生的工质蒸气时，所述吸收溶液在输送过程中流经设于吸收溶液腔室外的第二吸收溶液换热器的热流体侧，向流经第二吸收溶液换热器的冷流体侧的吸收热媒释放吸收热而降温，或吸收溶液喷淋在设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室内的第二吸收溶液换热器的表面，向流经第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒释放吸收热而降温；The second absorption solution heat exchanger is arranged below the second absorption solution spraying device in the absorption solution spraying chamber or on the second absorption solution spraying pipeline, and the absorption solution in the absorption solution receiving chamber is transported to the absorption solution When spraying the working medium vapor generated by the absorption working medium chamber in the spraying chamber, the absorption solution flows through the hot fluid side of the second absorption solution heat exchanger arranged outside the absorption solution chamber during the conveying process, and flows through The absorption heat medium on the cold fluid side of the second absorption solution heat exchanger releases absorption heat to cool down, or the absorption solution is sprayed on the surface of the second absorption solution heat exchanger installed in the absorption solution spray chamber, and flows through the second absorption solution heat exchanger. 2. The absorption heat medium of the absorption solution heat exchanger releases the absorption heat to lower the temperature;
所述中央空调子系统包括分水器、与分水器连接的室内机、与室内机连接的集水器和与集水器连接的冷水机组/冷热水机组，其中The central air-conditioning subsystem includes a water distributor, an indoor unit connected to the water distributor, a water collector connected to the indoor unit, and a water chiller/cold water unit connected to the water collector, wherein
所述第二吸收溶液换热器与所述冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供暖机组，所述供暖机组的入口连接集水器，所述供暖机组的出口连接分水器；和/或The second absorption solution heat exchanger is connected in parallel or in series with the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit to form a heating unit, the inlet of the heating unit is connected to a water collector, and the outlet of the heating unit is connected to a water separator; and/ or
所述第二工质换热器与所述冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供冷机组，所述供冷机组的入口连接集水器，所述供冷机组的出口连接分水器；The second working medium heat exchanger is connected in parallel or in series with the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit to form a cooling unit, the inlet of the cooling unit is connected to a water collector, and the outlet of the cooling unit is connected to a water separator ;
所述冷水机组/冷热水机组既与第二吸收溶液换热器串联或并联，又与第二工质换热器串联或并联时，通过阀门控制所述第二吸收溶液换热器与所述冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供暖机组，或所述第二工质换热器与所述冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供冷机组。When the chiller unit/cold and hot water unit is not only connected in series or in parallel with the second absorption solution heat exchanger, but also connected in series or in parallel with the second working medium heat exchanger, the connection between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the second working medium heat exchanger is controlled by a valve. The chiller unit/hot and cold water unit are connected in parallel or in series to form a heating unit, or the second working fluid heat exchanger and the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit are connected in parallel or in series to form a cooling unit.
作为优选，所述中央空调子系统为供暖中央空调子系统，所述冷水机组/冷热水机组为热水机组，所述分水器与所述第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒出口连接，所述集水器与热水机组的入口连接，热水机组的出口与所述第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒入口连接，流经第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒输送至分水器，分水器内的吸收热媒输送至室内机进行供暖，经室内机供暖后的吸收热媒汇集至集水器，集水器内的吸收热媒输送至热水机组，最后返回第二吸收溶液换热器；和/或Preferably, the central air-conditioning subsystem is a heating central air-conditioning subsystem, the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit is a hot water unit, and the water separator and the absorption heat medium outlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger connected, the water collector is connected to the inlet of the hot water unit, the outlet of the hot water unit is connected to the inlet of the absorption heat medium of the second absorption solution heat exchanger, and the absorption heat medium flowing through the second absorption solution heat exchanger The absorption heat medium in the water separator is sent to the indoor unit for heating, and the absorption heat medium after heating by the indoor unit is collected into the water collector, and the absorption heat medium in the water collector is sent to the hot water unit. Finally return to the second absorption solution heat exchanger; and/or
所述中央空调子系统为供冷中央空调子系统，所述冷水机组/冷热水机组为冷水机组，所述分水器与所述第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒出口连接，所述集水器与冷水机组的入口连接，冷水机组的出口与所述第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒入口连接，流经第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒输送至分水器，分水器内的蒸发热媒输送至室内机进行供冷，经室内机供冷后的蒸发热媒汇集至集水器，集水器内的蒸发热媒输送至冷水机组，最后返回第二工质换热器；或The central air-conditioning subsystem is a cooling central air-conditioning subsystem, the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit is a chiller unit, the water separator is connected to the evaporation heat medium outlet of the second working medium heat exchanger, and the The water collector is connected to the inlet of the chiller, the outlet of the chiller is connected to the inlet of the evaporation heat medium of the second working medium heat exchanger, and the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working medium heat exchanger is transported to the water separator , the evaporative heat medium in the water separator is sent to the indoor unit for cooling, and the evaporative heat medium after being cooled by the indoor unit is collected into the water collector, and the evaporative heat medium in the water collector is sent to the chiller, and finally returns to the second working fluid heat exchanger; or
所述中央空调子系统为冷暖中央空调子系统，所述冷水机组/冷热水机组为冷热水机组，所述分水器与所述第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒出口和所述第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒出口分别连接，所述集水器与冷热水机组的入口连接，冷热水机组的出口与所述第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒入口和所述第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒入口分别连接，通过阀门控制冷暖中央空调子系统与所述第二工质换热器之间形成循环回路进行供冷，通过阀门控制冷暖中央空调子系统与所述第二吸收溶液换热器之间形成循环回路进行供暖。对于供暖，所述室内机可以采用风机盘管、暖气片或者地板辐射采暖时的加热管等；对于供冷，室内机可以采用风机盘管等。The central air-conditioning subsystem is a cooling and heating central air-conditioning subsystem, the chiller unit/cold and hot water unit is a cold and hot water unit, the water separator and the absorption heat medium outlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the The outlets of the evaporation heat medium of the second working medium heat exchanger are respectively connected, the water collector is connected with the inlet of the cold and hot water unit, and the outlet of the cold and hot water unit is connected with the absorption heat medium of the second absorption solution heat exchanger. The inlet is connected to the evaporation heat medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger respectively, and the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second working medium heat exchanger are controlled by valves to form a circulation loop for cooling, and the heating and cooling are controlled by valves. A circulation loop is formed between the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger for heating. For heating, the indoor unit may use a fan coil unit, a radiator, or a heating pipe for floor radiant heating; for cooling, the indoor unit may use a fan coil unit or the like.
作为优选，所述吸收溶液承接室的下部还设有用于过滤和承载吸收剂结晶的孔板。Preferably, the lower part of the absorbing solution receiving chamber is further provided with an orifice plate for filtering and carrying absorbent crystals.
作为优选，所述孔板为至少两个，每一孔板的外缘部与吸收溶液承接室的内壁之间具有一个开口，相邻两孔板与吸收溶液承接室的内壁之间的开口相对设置。Preferably, there are at least two orifice plates, and there is an opening between the outer edge of each orifice plate and the inner wall of the absorption solution receiving chamber, and the opening between two adjacent orifice plates is opposite to the inner wall of the absorption solution receiving chamber. set up.
作为优选，所述第一工质换热器设于所述工质腔室内部时，吸收溶液蒸发产生的工质蒸气直接与所述第一工质换热器接触而冷凝；所述第一工质换热器设于所述工质腔室外部时，所述的第一工质换热器设置于所述的第一冷凝工质管道上，第一工质换热器的热流体侧与第一冷凝工质管道连接，流经第一工质换热器的冷流体侧的冷凝热媒通过与流经热流体侧的冷凝工质换热吸收冷凝热。Preferably, when the first working medium heat exchanger is arranged inside the working medium chamber, the working medium vapor generated by the evaporation of the absorption solution directly contacts with the first working medium heat exchanger and condenses; the first When the working medium heat exchanger is arranged outside the working medium chamber, the first working medium heat exchanger is arranged on the first condensing working medium pipeline, and the thermal fluid side of the first working medium heat exchanger Connected with the first condensing working medium pipeline, the condensing heat medium flowing through the cold fluid side of the first working medium heat exchanger absorbs condensation heat by exchanging heat with the condensing working medium flowing through the hot fluid side.
作为优选，还包括第二压缩机和第二膨胀阀，所述第二压缩机、第二膨胀阀、第一吸收溶液换热器和第一工质换热器构成第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，所述第一吸收溶液换热器作为第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的压缩式热泵冷凝器与第二压缩机出口连接，所述第一工质换热器作为第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的压缩式热泵蒸发器与第二压缩机的入口连接，第二膨胀阀设于所述第一吸收溶液换热器和所述第一工质换热器之间，所述第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统内循环的制冷剂经过第二压缩机后，作为发生热媒流经所述第一吸收溶液换热器的热流体侧，然后经过第二膨胀阀后作为冷凝热媒输入第一工质换热器，流经第一工质换热器后输入第二压缩机完成一次循环。Preferably, it also includes a second compressor and a second expansion valve, the second compressor, the second expansion valve, the first absorption solution heat exchanger and the first working medium heat exchanger constitute a second vapor compression heat pump system, the first absorption solution heat exchanger serves as the compression heat pump condenser of the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem and is connected to the outlet of the second compressor, and the first working medium heat exchanger serves as the second vapor compression heat pump The compression heat pump evaporator of the sub-system is connected to the inlet of the second compressor, the second expansion valve is arranged between the first absorption solution heat exchanger and the first working medium heat exchanger, and the second steam After passing through the second compressor, the refrigerant circulating in the compression heat pump subsystem flows through the thermal fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger as a generating heat medium, and then enters the first absorption solution heat exchanger as a condensation heat medium after passing through the second expansion valve. A working medium heat exchanger, which flows through the first working medium heat exchanger and then enters the second compressor to complete a cycle.
作为优选，所述第一吸收溶液换热器和第二膨胀阀之间设有过冷器，所述第二压缩机入口一端或出口一端设有温度传感器，所述第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统内循环的制冷剂循环时，流经所述第一吸收溶液换热器的热流体侧后，先流经所述过冷器的热流体侧，然后经过第二膨胀阀输入第一工质换热器，流经过冷器冷流体侧的冷却热媒吸收制冷剂的热量。Preferably, a subcooler is provided between the first absorption solution heat exchanger and the second expansion valve, a temperature sensor is provided at the inlet end or the outlet end of the second compressor, and the second vapor compression heat pump sub When the refrigerant circulating in the system circulates, after flowing through the hot fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger, it first flows through the hot fluid side of the subcooler, and then enters the first working fluid through the second expansion valve In the heat exchanger, the cooling heat medium flowing through the cold fluid side of the cooler absorbs the heat of the refrigerant.
作为优选，还包括热水供给子系统，所述热水供给子系统包括冷却热媒储罐，所述过冷器通过管道与冷却热媒储罐连接，所述冷却热媒在过冷器和冷却热媒储罐之间循环，所述冷却热媒为水，所述冷却热媒储罐还连接热水供应管道和补水管道。Preferably, it also includes a hot water supply subsystem, the hot water supply subsystem includes a cooling heat medium storage tank, the subcooler is connected to the cooling heat medium storage tank through a pipeline, and the cooling heat medium is connected between the subcooler and the cooling heat medium storage tank. The cooling heat medium storage tanks are circulated, the cooling heat medium is water, and the cooling heat medium storage tanks are also connected with hot water supply pipelines and water replenishment pipelines.
作为优选，还包括第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，所述第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器作为第三工质换热器设于工质腔室内冷凝工质喷淋装置的下方，冷凝工质从流经所述第三工质换热器的制冷剂吸收热量而蒸发。Preferably, it also includes a third vapor compression heat pump subsystem, the condenser of the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem is arranged as a third working medium heat exchanger below the condensing working medium spraying device in the working medium chamber, The condensed working medium absorbs heat from the refrigerant flowing through the third working medium heat exchanger and evaporates.
作为优选，第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统或者水源热泵系统或者地源热泵系统，当第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统时，流经第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统蒸发器的制冷剂从大气吸收热量而蒸发，当第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为水源热泵系统或者地源热泵系统时，流经第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统蒸发器的制冷剂从水吸收热量而蒸发。Preferably, the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem is an air source heat pump system or a water source heat pump system or a ground source heat pump system. When the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem is an air source heat pump system, the flow through the third vapor compression heat pump The refrigerant in the evaporator of the subsystem absorbs heat from the atmosphere and evaporates. When the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem is a water source heat pump system or a ground source heat pump system, the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator of the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem is from Water absorbs heat and evaporates.
作为优选，所述第二吸收溶液换热器连接所述冷却热媒储罐，所述第二吸收溶液换热器和所述冷却热媒储罐之间形成循环回路，所述第二吸收溶液换热器和所述冷却热媒储罐之间的循环回路上设有控制循环回路通断的阀门。Preferably, the second absorption solution heat exchanger is connected to the cooling heat medium storage tank, a circulation loop is formed between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cooling heat medium storage tank, and the second absorption solution The circulation loop between the heat exchanger and the cooling heat medium storage tank is provided with a valve to control the on-off of the circulation loop.
作为优选，第二吸收溶液换热器与冷却塔或者空冷器连接，吸收热媒在第二吸收溶液换热器与冷却塔或者空冷器之间循环，从而将在第二吸收溶液换热器吸收的吸收热在冷却塔或者空冷器释放；当第二吸收溶液换热器还连接中央空调子系统时，通过设置阀门控制第二吸收溶液换热器与冷却塔或者空冷器之间形成循环回路或第二吸收溶液换热器与中央空调子系统之间形成循环回路。As preferably, the second absorption solution heat exchanger is connected with the cooling tower or the air cooler, and the absorption heat medium circulates between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cooling tower or the air cooler, so that the heat absorbed in the second absorption solution heat exchanger The absorption heat is released in the cooling tower or air cooler; when the second absorption solution heat exchanger is also connected to the central air-conditioning subsystem, a circulation loop is formed between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cooling tower or air cooler by setting a valve or A circulation loop is formed between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the central air-conditioning subsystem.
作为优选，还包括第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，所述第二工质换热器与所述第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器的冷流体侧连接，或所述第二工质换热器作为第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器，冷凝工质从流经所述第二工质换热器或者冷凝器的制冷剂吸收热量而蒸发。第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统或者水源热泵系统或者地源热泵系统，当第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统时，流经第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统蒸发器的制冷剂从大气吸收热量而蒸发，当第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为水源热泵系统或者地源热泵系统时，流经第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统蒸发器的制冷剂从水吸收热量而蒸发。Preferably, it also includes a first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, the second working fluid heat exchanger is connected to the cold fluid side of the condenser of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, or the second working fluid The heat exchanger serves as the condenser of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the condensed working fluid absorbs heat from the refrigerant flowing through the second working fluid heat exchanger or condenser to evaporate. The first vapor compression heat pump subsystem is an air source heat pump system, a water source heat pump system, or a ground source heat pump system. When the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem is an air source heat pump system, the evaporation The refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs heat from the atmosphere and evaporates. When the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem is a water source heat pump system or a ground source heat pump system, the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem absorbs heat from water And evaporate.
作为优选，所述冷却热媒为自来水、供热回水或者冷却水，通过使用自来水作为冷却热媒可向用户提供生活热水，而通过使用供热回水作为冷却热媒可在低谷电蓄能时段向用户供暖。Preferably, the cooling heat medium is tap water, heating return water or cooling water. By using tap water as the cooling heat medium, domestic hot water can be provided to users, and by using the heating return water as the cooling heat medium, electricity can be stored in low valleys. It can provide heating to users during the energy period.
作为优选，所述的工质为水；所述的吸收剂为LiBr,LiNO3,LiCl和CaCl2中的任一种或两种以上的混合物；所述的第一以及第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的制冷剂为R22、R134a、R407、R410、R600a或R450A等。Preferably, the working medium is water; the absorbent is any one or a mixture of two or more of LiBr, LiNO3 , LiCl and CaCl2 ; the first and second vapor compression heat pumps The refrigerant of the subsystem is R22, R134a, R407, R410, R600a or R450A, etc.
本实用新型与现有技术相比具有如下明显的优点和有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following obvious advantages and beneficial effects:
(1)环境与社会效益好。本实用新型通过吸收式热泵子系统和第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统对低谷电进行储能，并通过中央空调过程将储存的能量作为空调系统的冷量或热量向用户供应，还可以在春秋季单独供给生活热水，从而发挥了全年的“移峰填谷”作用，具有良好的环境与社会效益；(1) Good environmental and social benefits. The utility model stores energy for the low-valley electricity through the absorption heat pump subsystem and the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and supplies the stored energy as cooling capacity or heat of the air-conditioning system to the user through the central air-conditioning process, and can also be used in spring Domestic hot water is supplied separately in autumn, thus playing the role of "shifting peaks and filling valleys" throughout the year, which has good environmental and social benefits;
(2)储能密度高。本实用新型的吸收式热泵子系统采用饱和吸收溶液，在以低谷电为驱动力的储能过程中，通过饱和吸收溶液的发生和工质蒸气的冷凝，将工作过程中增加的吸收溶液重新转化为吸收剂结晶和冷凝工质分别蓄存起来。本实用新型在吸收溶液承接室内设置了多层的孔板来过滤和承载吸收剂结晶，由于含吸收剂结晶的吸收溶液流经孔板层时存在两种流动通道，一是流过孔板滤孔的垂直通道，二是平行于孔板的水平通道，因而即使上层孔板的滤孔被结晶堵塞也不会产生大的流动阻力。因此，本实用新型的结晶分离与储存方式不仅可以大大降低吸收溶液的流动阻力，同时还可实现吸收剂结晶的高密度蓄存。再加上当采用水作为工质时，由于冷凝水与水蒸气之间的相变潜热高达2500kJ/kg左右，从而可以达到很高的储能密度；(2) High energy storage density. The absorption heat pump subsystem of the utility model adopts saturated absorption solution, and in the process of energy storage with low valley electricity as the driving force, through the generation of saturated absorption solution and the condensation of working medium vapor, the absorption solution increased during the working process is reconverted They are stored separately for absorbent crystallization and condensed working fluid. In the utility model, a multi-layer orifice plate is arranged in the absorbing solution receiving chamber to filter and carry absorbent crystals. Since the absorption solution containing absorbent crystals flows through the orifice plate layer, there are two flow channels, one is to flow through the orifice plate to filter The vertical channel of the hole, and the horizontal channel parallel to the orifice plate, so even if the filter holes of the upper orifice plate are blocked by crystallization, no large flow resistance will be generated. Therefore, the crystallization separation and storage method of the present invention can not only greatly reduce the flow resistance of the absorption solution, but also realize high-density storage of absorbent crystals. In addition, when water is used as the working medium, since the latent heat of phase change between condensed water and water vapor is as high as 2500kJ/kg, a high energy storage density can be achieved;
(3)能量效率高。由于冷凝工质和吸收剂结晶可在常温下保存，因而热量或者冷量的损失极少。当包含第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统对低谷电进行储能时，由于第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的蒸发温度较高(5℃左右)，因而供热COP即能效比高；(3) High energy efficiency. Since the condensed working fluid and absorbent crystals can be stored at room temperature, the loss of heat or cold is very little. When the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem is included to store energy for off-peak electricity, since the evaporation temperature of the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem is relatively high (about 5°C), the heating COP is high in energy efficiency ratio;
(4)经济效益好。由于吸收式热泵子系统是以廉价的低谷电来驱动的，而且能效比高，还可全年运转。同时，由于本中央空调系统可以在电力谷段只通过运行中央空调子系统来满足供暖或供冷负荷，在电力平段以运行中央空调子系统为主来满足供暖或供冷负荷，而在电力高峰段和尖峰段通过运行吸收式热泵子系统的供能过程来满足大部分或者全部的供暖或供冷负荷，因此本中央空调系统具有良好的经济性。(4) Good economic benefits. Because the absorption heat pump subsystem is driven by cheap off-peak electricity and has high energy efficiency, it can also run year-round. At the same time, since the central air-conditioning system can meet the heating or cooling load only by operating the central air-conditioning subsystem in the power valley section, it mainly operates the central air-conditioning subsystem to meet the heating or cooling load in the power flat section, while in the power section Most or all of the heating or cooling load is satisfied by running the energy supply process of the absorption heat pump subsystem during the peak and peak periods, so the central air-conditioning system has good economy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型实施例1的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图2是本实用新型实施例2的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图3是本实用新型实施例3的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
图4是本实用新型实施例4的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
图5是本实用新型实施例5的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
图6是本实用新型实施例6的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
图7是本实用新型实施例7的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例对本实用新型作进一步详细描述，但不作为对本实用新型的限定。在下述说明中，不同的“一实施例”或“实施例”指的不一定是同一实施例。此外，一或多个实施例中的特定特征、结构、或特点可由任何合适形式组合。The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but it is not intended as a limitation of the utility model. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
图1至图7为本实用新型的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的不同实施例的结构示意图。参见图1至图7，基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统，包括吸收式热泵子系统和中央空调子系统，吸收式热泵子系统包括：1 to 7 are structural schematic diagrams of different embodiments of the central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 to 7, the central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage includes an absorption heat pump subsystem and a central air-conditioning subsystem. The absorption heat pump subsystem includes:
吸收溶液腔室2，由上下两部分组成，上部为吸收溶液喷淋腔室201，下部为吸收溶液承接室202；The absorption solution chamber 2 is composed of upper and lower parts, the upper part is the absorption solution spray chamber 201, and the lower part is the absorption solution receiving chamber 202;
第一吸收溶液喷淋装置3，设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201，吸收溶液通过第一吸收溶液喷淋装置3在吸收溶液喷淋腔室内喷淋并闪蒸产生工质蒸气，蒸发浓缩后的吸收溶液落到吸收溶液承接室202内；The first absorption solution spraying device 3 is arranged in the absorption solution spraying chamber 201, the absorption solution is sprayed in the absorption solution spraying chamber by the first absorption solution spraying device 3 and flashed to generate working medium vapor, after evaporation and concentration The absorption solution falls into the absorption solution receiving chamber 202;
吸收溶液喷淋管道7，设于吸收溶液腔室2外部，吸收溶液承接室202与第一吸收溶液喷淋装置3通过吸收溶液喷淋管道7连接；The absorption solution spraying pipeline 7 is arranged outside the absorption solution chamber 2, and the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 is connected to the first absorption solution spraying device 3 through the absorption solution spraying pipeline 7;
第一吸收溶液喷淋泵6，设于吸收溶液喷淋管道7上，将吸收溶液承接室202内的吸收溶液通过吸收溶液喷淋管道7输送至第一吸收溶液喷淋装置3进行喷淋；The first absorption solution spraying pump 6 is arranged on the absorption solution spraying pipeline 7, and transports the absorption solution in the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 to the first absorption solution spraying device 3 through the absorption solution spraying pipeline 7 for spraying;
第一吸收溶液换热器30，设于吸收溶液喷淋管道7上，第一吸收溶液换热器30的冷流体侧与吸收溶液喷淋管道7连接，流经第一吸收溶液换热器30的热流体侧的发生热媒加热流经冷流体侧的吸收溶液；The first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 is arranged on the absorption solution spray pipeline 7, the cold fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 is connected with the absorption solution spray pipeline 7, and flows through the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 The generating heat medium on the hot fluid side heats the absorption solution flowing through the cold fluid side;
工质腔室22，工质腔室22通过工质蒸气通道14连通吸收溶液喷淋腔室201；The working medium chamber 22, the working medium chamber 22 communicates with the absorption solution spraying chamber 201 through the working medium vapor channel 14;
第一工质换热器50，设于工质腔室22内或设于工质腔室22外，流经第一工质换热器50的冷凝热媒吸收工质蒸气在工质腔室22内冷凝释放的冷凝热；The first working medium heat exchanger 50 is arranged in the working medium chamber 22 or outside the working medium chamber 22, and the condensed heat medium flowing through the first working medium heat exchanger 50 absorbs the working medium vapor in the working medium chamber Condensation heat released by condensation in 22;
冷凝工质接收器24，设于工质腔室22的下部，冷凝工质接收器24用于承接冷凝工质；The condensed working medium receiver 24 is arranged at the lower part of the working medium chamber 22, and the condensed working medium receiver 24 is used to receive the condensed working medium;
冷凝工质储罐26，用于储存冷凝工质，冷凝工质储罐26与冷凝工质接收器24通过第一冷凝工质管道25连接，冷凝工质接收器24承接的冷凝工质通过第一冷凝工质管道25输送至冷凝工质储罐26；The condensed working medium storage tank 26 is used to store the condensed working medium. The condensed working medium storage tank 26 is connected to the condensed working medium receiver 24 through the first condensed working medium pipeline 25, and the condensed working medium received by the condensed working medium receiver 24 passes through the first A condensed working medium pipeline 25 is transported to the condensed working medium storage tank 26;
冷凝工质喷淋装置41，设于工质腔室22内，冷凝工质喷淋装置41通过冷凝工质喷淋管道28与冷凝工质储罐26连接；The condensed working medium spray device 41 is arranged in the working medium chamber 22, and the condensed working medium spray device 41 is connected to the condensed working medium storage tank 26 through the condensed working medium spray pipe 28;
冷凝工质喷淋泵27，设于冷凝工质喷淋管道28上，用于将冷凝工质储罐26内的冷凝工质输送至冷凝工质喷淋装置41进行喷淋；The condensed working medium spray pump 27 is arranged on the condensed working medium spray pipe 28, and is used to transport the condensed working medium in the condensed working medium storage tank 26 to the condensed working medium spraying device 41 for spraying;
第二工质换热器60，设于冷凝工质喷淋管道28上或设于工质腔室22内冷凝工质喷淋装置41的下方，流经第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒为冷凝工质储罐26内的冷凝工质在工质腔室22内蒸发提供所需热量，蒸发热媒从而向外输出冷量；The second working fluid heat exchanger 60 is arranged on the condensing working medium spray pipe 28 or under the condensing working medium spraying device 41 in the working medium chamber 22, and flows through the evaporation of the second working medium heat exchanger 60. The heat medium provides the required heat for the condensed working medium in the condensed working medium storage tank 26 to evaporate in the working medium chamber 22, and evaporates the heat medium to output cooling capacity to the outside;
第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43，设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室2，吸收溶液通过第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43在吸收溶液喷淋腔室2内喷淋并吸收工质腔室22内蒸发产生的工质蒸气而稀释，稀释后的吸收溶液落到吸收溶液承接室202内；The second absorption solution spraying device 43 is arranged in the absorption solution spraying chamber 2, and the absorption solution is sprayed in the absorption solution spraying chamber 2 through the second absorption solution spraying device 43 and evaporated in the absorption working medium chamber 22 The generated working medium vapor is diluted, and the diluted absorption solution falls into the absorption solution receiving chamber 202;
第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9，设于吸收溶液腔室2外部，吸收溶液承接室202与第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43通过第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9连接，吸收溶液腔室2内吸收溶液通过第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9输送至第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43进行喷淋；The second absorption solution spray pipeline 9 is located outside the absorption solution chamber 2, the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 is connected with the second absorption solution spray device 43 through the second absorption solution spray pipeline 9, and the absorption solution chamber 2 absorbs The solution is delivered to the second absorption solution spraying device 43 through the second absorption solution spraying pipeline 9 for spraying;
第二吸收溶液换热器40，设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内或设于吸收溶液腔室2外，吸收溶液承接室202内的吸收溶液输送至吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内进行喷淋吸收工质腔室22产生的工质蒸气时，吸收溶液在输送过程中流经设于吸收溶液腔室2外的第二吸收溶液换热器40的热流体侧，向流经第二吸收溶液换热器40的冷流体侧的吸收热媒释放吸收热而降温，或吸收溶液喷淋在设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内的第二吸收溶液换热器40的表面，向流经第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒释放吸收热而降温；The second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is arranged in the absorption solution spraying chamber 201 or outside the absorption solution chamber 2, and the absorption solution in the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 is delivered to the absorption solution spraying chamber 201 for spraying. When leaching the working medium vapor generated by the absorbing medium chamber 22, the absorbing solution flows through the hot fluid side of the second absorbing solution heat exchanger 40 arranged outside the absorbing solution chamber 2 during the conveying process, and then flows through the second absorbing solution The absorption heat medium on the cold fluid side of the heat exchanger 40 releases the absorption heat to lower the temperature, or the absorption solution is sprayed on the surface of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 arranged in the absorption solution spraying chamber 201, and flows through the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40. Second, the absorption heat medium of the absorption solution heat exchanger 40 releases the absorption heat to lower the temperature;
中央空调子系统包括分水器、与分水器连接的室内机、与室内机连接的集水器和与集水器连接的冷水机组/冷热水机组，其中，The central air-conditioning subsystem includes a water distributor, an indoor unit connected to the water distributor, a water collector connected to the indoor unit, and a water chiller/cold and hot water unit connected to the water collector, wherein,
第二吸收溶液换热器与冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供暖机组，所述供暖机组的入口连接集水器，所述供暖机组的出口连接分水器；和/或The second absorption solution heat exchanger is connected in parallel or in series with the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit to form a heating unit, the inlet of the heating unit is connected to the water collector, and the outlet of the heating unit is connected to the water separator; and/or
第二工质换热器与冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供冷机组，供冷机组的入口连接集水器，供冷机组的出口连接分水器；The second working fluid heat exchanger is connected in parallel or in series with the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit to form a cooling unit, the inlet of the cooling unit is connected to the water collector, and the outlet of the cooling unit is connected to the water distributor;
冷水机组/冷热水机组既与第二吸收溶液换热器串联或并联，又与第二工质换热器串联或并联时，通过阀门控制所述第二吸收溶液换热器与所述冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供暖机组，或所述第二工质换热器与所述冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联形成供冷机组。When the chiller unit/cold and hot water unit is connected in series or in parallel with the second absorption solution heat exchanger, and in series or in parallel with the second working medium heat exchanger, the connection between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cold water heat exchanger is controlled by a valve. The unit/cooling and hot water unit are connected in parallel or in series to form a heating unit, or the second working medium heat exchanger is connected in parallel or in series with the chiller/cooling and hot water unit to form a cooling unit.
本实用新型通过第二吸收溶液换热器与冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联的方式联合工作形成供暖机组，从而通过室内机实现供暖，而第二工质换热器与冷水机组/冷热水机组并联或串联的方式联合工作形成供冷机组，从而通过室内机实现供冷。可见，本实用新型通过不同的组合可实现中央空调成为单冷空调、单暖空调或冷暖空调。而当第二吸收溶液换热器与冷水机组/冷热水机组串联时，第二吸收溶液换热器可以是位于集水器一侧也可以是位于分水器一侧。同样，当第二工质换热器与冷水机组/冷热水机组串联，第二工质换热器也可以是位于集水器一侧也可以是位于分水器一侧。The utility model forms a heating unit through the joint work of the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit in parallel or in series, thereby realizing heating through the indoor unit, and the second working medium heat exchanger and the chiller unit/cooling unit The hot water units work together in parallel or in series to form a cooling unit, so as to realize cooling through the indoor unit. It can be seen that the utility model can realize that the central air conditioner becomes a cold-only air conditioner, a warm-up air conditioner or a heating and cooling air conditioner through different combinations. And when the second absorption solution heat exchanger is connected in series with the water chiller/cooling and hot water unit, the second absorption solution heat exchanger can be located on the side of the water collector or on the side of the water separator. Similarly, when the second working fluid heat exchanger is connected in series with the water chiller/cooling and hot water unit, the second working fluid heat exchanger can also be located on the side of the water collector or on the side of the water separator.
本实用新型的吸收式热泵子系统与中央空调子系统的冷水/冷热水机组之间的连接方式为串联，供暖时的吸收热媒或者供冷时的蒸发热媒从分水器出发，在流经室内机和集水器之后，先经过冷水/冷热水机组、再经过吸收式热泵子系统回到分水器，从而完成一个供暖/供冷循环。由于吸收式热泵子系统与冷水/冷热水机组具有串联关系，本实用新型可以方便的控制二者在供暖或者供冷负荷中的占比。例如，对于夏季供冷，蒸发热媒的分水器入口和集水器出口温度分别为7℃和12℃(送回水温差5℃)，当供冷处于电力峰段而需要将冷水/冷热水机组500(包括500＇和500＂，下同)的负荷占比降至20％时，只要将冷水/冷热水机组500的出口温度控制在11℃即可。此时，吸收式热泵子系统接着将蒸发热媒从11℃降至7℃，吸收式热泵子系统的负荷占比为80％。而对于冬季供暖，吸收热媒的分水器入口和集水器出口温度分别为45℃和40℃(送回水温差5℃)，当供暖处于电力峰段而需要将冷水/冷热水机组的负荷占比降至20％时，只要将冷水/冷热水机组的出口温度控制在41℃即可。此时，吸收式热泵子系统接着将吸收热媒从41℃升至45℃，吸收式热泵子系统的负荷占比为80％。这样，通过在冷水/冷热水机组的下游串联吸收式热泵子系统，还可以提高冷水/冷热水机组制冷时的蒸发温度或者降低其供热时的冷凝温度，从而提高其制冷或供热COP，因而可进一步减少峰段或尖峰段的用电量。本实用新型实施例中的吸收热媒、冷凝热媒、蒸发热媒和发生热媒在某些情况下可以是部分或全部采用相同的热媒。The connection mode between the absorption heat pump subsystem of the utility model and the cold water/hot water unit of the central air conditioning subsystem is series connection, the absorption heat medium during heating or the evaporation heat medium during cooling starts from the water separator, After flowing through the indoor unit and the water collector, it first passes through the chilled water/hot and cold water unit, and then returns to the water separator through the absorption heat pump subsystem, thus completing a heating/cooling cycle. Since the absorption heat pump subsystem and the chilled water/cold and hot water units are connected in series, the utility model can conveniently control the proportion of the two in the heating or cooling load. For example, for cooling in summer, the temperatures at the inlet of the water separator and the outlet of the water collector for the evaporating heat medium are 7°C and 12°C respectively (the temperature difference between the returned water is 5°C). When the load proportion of the hot water unit 500 (including 500' and 500", the same below) drops to 20%, it is enough to control the outlet temperature of the chilled water/hot and cold water unit 500 at 11°C. At this time, the absorption heat pump The subsystem then cools the evaporative heat medium from 11°C to 7°C, and the load of the absorption heat pump subsystem is 80%. For heating in winter, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the water separator and the collector for the absorption heat medium are respectively 45 ℃ and 40℃ (the temperature difference between the water sent back to the water is 5℃), when the heating is in the power peak period and the load ratio of the chilled water/hot and cold water unit needs to be reduced to 20%, as long as the outlet temperature of the chilled water/hot and cold water unit is controlled It is enough at 41°C. At this time, the absorption heat pump subsystem then raises the absorption heat medium from 41°C to 45°C, and the load of the absorption heat pump subsystem is 80%. The downstream series absorption heat pump subsystem can also increase the evaporating temperature of the cold water/chiller and hot water unit during cooling or reduce its condensation temperature during heating, thereby increasing its cooling or heating COP, thus further reducing peaks or spikes The electricity consumption of the section. The absorption heat medium, condensation heat medium, evaporation heat medium and generation heat medium in the embodiment of the utility model may use the same heat medium in part or in some cases.
下面结合附图以串联为例对本实用新型进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, take series connection as example to further illustrate the utility model.
分水器与第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒出口和/或第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒出口连接，冷水机组/冷热水机组的出口与第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒入口和/或第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒入口连接；当分水器与第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒出口和第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒出口分别连接，冷水机组/冷热水机组的出口与第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒入口和第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒入口分别连接时，通过阀门控制中央空调子系统与第二工质换热器之间形成循环回路，或通过阀门控制中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器之间形成循环回路；中央空调子系统与第二工质换热器之间形成循环回路时，中央空调子系统供冷；中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器之间形成循环回路时，中央空调子系统供暖。The water separator is connected to the outlet of the absorption heat medium of the second absorption solution heat exchanger and/or the outlet of the evaporation heat medium of the second working medium heat exchanger, and the outlet of the chiller/hot water unit is connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger The absorption heat medium inlet and/or the evaporation heat medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger are connected; when the water separator is connected with the absorption heat medium outlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the evaporation heat medium of the second working medium heat exchanger The outlets are connected separately. When the outlets of the chiller/hot and cold water units are connected to the inlet of the absorption heat medium of the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the inlet of the evaporation heat medium of the second working medium heat exchanger, the central air-conditioning subsystem is controlled through valves. Form a circulation loop with the second working fluid heat exchanger, or form a circulation loop between the central air conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger through valve control; between the central air conditioning subsystem and the second working fluid heat exchanger When a circulation loop is formed, the central air-conditioning subsystem provides cooling; when a circulation loop is formed between the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger, the central air-conditioning subsystem provides heating.
可见，本发明实施例中的中央空调子系统可以为供暖中央空调子系统(仅能供暖)，也可以为供冷中央空调子系统(仅能供冷)，或者也可以为冷暖中央空调子系统(即可供暖又可供冷)。吸收式热泵子系统可以仅与供暖中央空调子系统、供冷中央空调子系统和冷暖中央空调子系统中的一个相结合。而要实现既能供暖又能供冷时，则需要吸收式热泵子系统同时与供暖中央空调子系统和供冷中央空调子系统结合，或吸收式热泵子系统与冷暖中央空调子系统结合。下面就不同的中央空调子系统与吸收式热泵子系统的具体结合方式进行说明。It can be seen that the central air-conditioning subsystem in the embodiment of the present invention can be a heating central air-conditioning subsystem (only for heating), or a cooling central air-conditioning subsystem (only for cooling), or it can also be a heating and cooling central air-conditioning subsystem (both heating and cooling). The absorption heat pump subsystem can be combined with only one of the heating central air-conditioning subsystem, the cooling central air-conditioning subsystem and the heating and cooling central air-conditioning subsystem. To achieve both heating and cooling, the absorption heat pump subsystem needs to be combined with the heating central air-conditioning subsystem and the cooling central air-conditioning subsystem at the same time, or the absorption heat pump subsystem is combined with the cooling and heating central air-conditioning subsystem. The specific combination of different central air-conditioning subsystems and absorption heat pump subsystems will be described below.
中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器之间形成吸收热媒的循环回路时，中央空调子系统即为供暖中央空调子系统。参见图2和图3，具体连接如下，冷水机组/冷热水机组为热水机组500，分水器与第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒出口连接，热水机组500与第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒入口连接，流经第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒输送至分水器，分水器内的吸收热媒输送至室内机进行供暖，经室内机供暖后的吸收热媒汇集至集水器，集水器内的吸收热媒输送至热水机组500，最后返回第二吸收溶液换热器40。为了实现吸收热媒在该循环回路中更好地循环，在该回路上设置循环泵100。循环泵100一般设于集水器出口一侧的管道上。当然，循环泵100也可设置在分水器的入口侧。吸收溶液吸收冷凝工质蒸发得到的工质蒸汽释放的吸收热通过第二吸收溶液换热器被吸收热媒吸收，吸收热媒在经过室内机时进行供暖。When a circulation loop for absorbing heat medium is formed between the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger, the central air-conditioning subsystem is a heating central air-conditioning subsystem. Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the specific connection is as follows, the chiller unit/hot and cold water unit is a hot water unit 500, the water separator is connected to the absorption heat medium outlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, and the hot water unit 500 is connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40. The absorption heat medium inlet of the absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is connected, and the absorption heat medium flowing through the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is sent to the water separator, and the absorption heat medium in the water separator is sent to the indoor unit for heating, and passes through the indoor The absorption heat medium after heating by the machine is collected into the water collector, and the absorption heat medium in the water collector is transported to the hot water unit 500, and finally returns to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40. In order to achieve better circulation of the absorption heat medium in the circulation loop, a circulation pump 100 is provided on the loop. The circulation pump 100 is generally arranged on the pipeline on the outlet side of the water collector. Of course, the circulation pump 100 can also be arranged on the inlet side of the water separator. The absorption heat released by the working medium vapor obtained by absorbing and condensing the working medium evaporated by the absorption solution is absorbed by the absorption heat medium through the second absorption solution heat exchanger, and the absorption heat medium provides heating when passing through the indoor unit.
中央空调子系统与第二工质换热器之间形成蒸发热媒的循环回路时，中央空调子系统即为供冷中央空调子系统。参见图1，具体连接如下，冷水机组/冷热水机组为冷水机组500＇，分水器与第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒出口连接，集水器与冷水机组的入口连接，冷水机组的出口与第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒入口连接，流经第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒输送至分水器，分水器内的蒸发热媒输送至室内机进行供冷，经室内机供冷后的蒸发热媒汇集至集水器，集水器内的蒸发热媒输送至冷水机组，最后返回第二工质换热器60。为冷凝工质提供了蒸发热的蒸发热媒在流经室内机时向外部提供冷量，进行供冷。同样，可在集水器的出口侧设置循环泵。When the circulation loop of evaporation heat medium is formed between the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second working medium heat exchanger, the central air-conditioning subsystem is the cooling central air-conditioning subsystem. Referring to Fig. 1, the specific connections are as follows, the chiller/hot and cold water unit is a chiller 500', the water separator is connected to the outlet of the evaporation heat medium of the second working fluid heat exchanger 60, the water collector is connected to the inlet of the chiller, The outlet of the water chiller is connected to the inlet of the evaporation heat medium of the second working fluid heat exchanger 60, and the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 is sent to the water separator, and the evaporation heat medium in the water separator is sent to The indoor unit provides cooling, and the evaporative heat medium after being cooled by the indoor unit is collected into the water collector, and the evaporative heat medium in the water collector is sent to the water chiller, and finally returned to the second working medium heat exchanger 60 . The evaporative heat medium that provides the evaporating heat for the condensed working medium provides cold energy to the outside when flowing through the indoor unit for cooling. Likewise, a circulation pump may be provided on the outlet side of the sump.
中央空调子系统既与第二吸收溶液换热器连接，又与第二工质换热器连接，通过阀门控制空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器之间形成吸收热媒的循环回路实现供暖，或通过阀门控制空调子系统与第二工质换热器之间形成蒸发热媒的循环回路实现供冷，此时中央空调子系统即为冷暖中央空调子系统，既可供暖又可供冷。参见图5至图7，冷水机组/冷热水机组为冷热水机组500＂，分水器与第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒出口和第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒出口分别连接，集水器与冷热水机组的入口连接，冷热水机组的出口与第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒入口和第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒入口分别连接，通过阀门控制冷暖中央空调子系统与第二工质换热器60之间形成循环回路进行供冷，通过阀门控制冷暖中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器40之间形成循环回路进行供暖。具体的管道设计，可以是第二工质换热器60和第二吸收溶液换热器40分别通过各自独立的管道与分水器和集水器连接分别形成循环回路，然后在各自的循环回路上设置阀门，根据需要通过阀门控制哪一个循环回路导通，从而实现供暖或供冷。或者分水器和冷热水机组分别通过电磁三通阀实现与第二工质换热器60和第二吸收溶液换热器40连接，然后通过电磁三通阀控制中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器40之间形成的循环回路导通进行供暖，或通过电磁三通阀控制中央空调子系统与第二工质换热器60之间形成的循环回路导通实现供冷。如图5所示，冷热水机组通过第一电磁三通阀101分别连接第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒入口和第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒入口，分水器通过第二电磁三通阀104分别连接第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒出口和第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒出口。The central air-conditioning subsystem is not only connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger, but also connected to the second working medium heat exchanger, and the circulation loop of absorption heat medium is formed between the air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger through valve control. Heating, or through the valve control air-conditioning subsystem and the second working fluid heat exchanger to form a circulation loop of evaporative heat medium to achieve cooling. At this time, the central air-conditioning subsystem is the heating and cooling central air-conditioning subsystem, which can provide both heating and cold. Referring to Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, the chiller unit/cold and hot water unit is a chiller and hot water unit 500", the outlet of the water separator and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 absorbs the heat medium outlet and the evaporation of the second working medium heat exchanger 60 The heat medium outlets are connected respectively, the water collector is connected with the inlet of the cold and hot water unit, the outlet of the cold and hot water unit is connected with the absorption heat medium inlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 and the evaporation heat of the second working medium heat exchanger 60 The media inlets are connected separately, and the cooling and heating central air-conditioning subsystem and the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 are controlled by valves to form a circulation loop for cooling, and the cooling and heating central air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 are controlled by valves. Form a circulation loop for heating. Concrete pipeline design can be that the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 are respectively connected with the water separator and the water collector through separate pipelines to form a circulation loop, Then set valves on the respective circulation loops, and control which circulation loop conduction through the valves according to the needs, so as to realize heating or cooling. Or the water separator and the hot and cold water unit are respectively connected with the second working medium through the electromagnetic three-way valve. The heat exchanger 60 is connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, and then the circulation circuit formed between the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is controlled through an electromagnetic three-way valve to conduct heating, or through an electromagnetic three-way valve The through valve controls the conduction of the circulating circuit formed between the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second working medium heat exchanger 60 to realize cooling. As shown in Figure 5, the hot and cold water units are respectively connected to the second two through the first electromagnetic three-way valve 101. The evaporation heat medium inlet of the working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the absorption heat medium inlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, the water separator is respectively connected to the evaporation heat of the second working medium heat exchanger 60 through the second electromagnetic three-way valve 104 The medium outlet and the absorption heat medium outlet of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40.
本实用新型通过将吸收式热泵系统和中央空调系统相结合，通过吸收式热泵子系统用低谷电进行蓄能，从而降低了空调系统的运行成本。并且由于吸收式热泵子系统本质上是以廉价的低谷电来驱动的，因此本实用新型的系统具有良好的经济性。本实用新型采用低谷电进行储能过程，通过第一吸收溶液换热器30和第一工质换热器50使饱和吸收溶液发生和工质蒸气冷凝，重新转化为吸收剂结晶和冷凝工质分别蓄存起来实现储能。当采用水作为工质时，由于冷凝水与水蒸气之间的相变潜热高达2500kJ/kg左右，再加上吸收剂结晶，能够达到很高的储能密度。由于冷凝工质和吸收剂结晶可在常温下保存，因而热量或者冷量的损失极少。本实用新型设备的运行率高、“移峰填谷”的作用大、经济效益好。本实用新型实施例将第一吸收溶液换热器置于吸收溶液腔室的外部，通过在吸收溶液喷淋腔室对经第一吸收溶液换热器30加热后的吸收溶液进行绝热闪蒸，使吸收溶液因闪蒸浓缩和闪蒸降温而发生过饱和结晶，可以避免在第一吸收溶液换热器30的换热面上产生吸收剂结晶而引起传热传质障碍，尤其有利于对饱和的吸收溶液进行发生。另外，第一吸收溶液换热器30外置可以采用逆流换热器，因而能够更高效的利用变温发生热源、变温吸收溶液和变温蒸发热源，具体的发生热媒包括水、水溶液、不冻液、导热油、空气、工艺气体、过热蒸汽以及含不凝气体的蒸汽等。本实用新型实施例中，吸收溶液腔室内的吸收溶液保持饱和状态。The utility model combines the absorption heat pump system with the central air-conditioning system, and uses low-valley electricity to store energy through the absorption heat pump subsystem, thereby reducing the operating cost of the air-conditioning system. And because the absorption heat pump sub-system is essentially driven by low-cost off-peak electricity, the system of the utility model has good economy. The utility model uses low valley electricity for the energy storage process, and through the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 and the first working medium heat exchanger 50, the saturated absorption solution is generated and the working medium vapor is condensed, and converted into absorbent crystallization and condensing working medium again Store them separately to realize energy storage. When water is used as the working medium, the latent heat of phase change between condensed water and water vapor is as high as about 2500kJ/kg, coupled with the crystallization of the absorbent, a high energy storage density can be achieved. Since the condensed working fluid and absorbent crystals can be stored at room temperature, the loss of heat or cold is very little. The equipment of the utility model has high operating rate, great effect of "shifting peaks and filling valleys", and good economic benefits. In the embodiment of the utility model, the first absorption solution heat exchanger is placed outside the absorption solution chamber, and the absorption solution heated by the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 is adiabatically flashed in the absorption solution spray chamber, The supersaturated crystallization of the absorption solution due to flash concentration and flash cooling can avoid the occurrence of absorbent crystallization on the heat exchange surface of the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 and cause heat and mass transfer obstacles, which is especially beneficial to the saturated The absorption of the solution takes place. In addition, the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 can be externally equipped with a counter-flow heat exchanger, so that the variable temperature generation heat source, the variable temperature absorption solution, and the variable temperature evaporation heat source can be used more efficiently. The specific heat generation media include water, aqueous solution, and antifreeze. , heat transfer oil, air, process gas, superheated steam and steam containing non-condensable gas, etc. In the embodiment of the present invention, the absorption solution in the absorption solution chamber is maintained in a saturated state.
本实用新型实施例中，吸收溶液腔室2与工质腔室22采用同一容器，该容器内的上部为工质腔室22，下部为吸收溶液腔室2，冷凝工质接收器24与容器内壁之间形成工质蒸气通道14。In the embodiment of the present invention, the absorption solution chamber 2 and the working medium chamber 22 adopt the same container, the upper part of the container is the working medium chamber 22, the lower part is the absorption solution chamber 2, and the condensing working medium receiver 24 and the container A working medium vapor channel 14 is formed between the inner walls.
作为上述实施例的优选，吸收溶液承接室202的下部还设有用于将吸收剂结晶分离的固液分离装置。通过设置固液分离装置将吸收剂结晶从吸收溶液中分离开，可在不堵塞吸收溶液流动的前提下进一步显著提高吸收剂结晶的储存密度，因而能够达到很高的储能密度。固液分离装置的具体构造不做限定，只要能将吸收剂结晶从吸收溶液中分离出来，避免吸收剂结晶影响吸收溶液的流动及循环即可。本实施例给出的固液分离装置的一种优选实施例为过滤和承载吸收剂结晶的孔板4。通过在吸收溶液承接室202设置孔板4对吸收剂结晶进行过滤分离，并承载过滤分离出的吸收剂结晶，可以有效提高系统中可容纳的吸收剂结晶的量，提高储能密度。为了进一步提高孔板4的过滤分离及承载的效果，本实施例进一步在吸收溶液承接室202设置至少两个孔板4，每一孔板202的外缘部与吸收溶液承接室202的内壁之间具有一个开口5，相邻两孔板4与吸收溶液承接室202的内壁之间的开口5相对设置。本实施例中将上下相邻两个孔板上的开口设置在相对侧，使得吸收剂结晶需要在孔板4上移动尽可能长的距离才能落到下一孔板4上，这就使得在每一孔板4上堆积尽可能多的吸收剂结晶。同时保证了吸收溶液承接室202的底部基本不会有吸收剂结晶，在提高储能密度的同时，不会影响吸收溶液的流动和循环。由于含吸收剂结晶的吸收溶液流经孔板层时存在两种流动通道，一是流过孔板4滤孔的垂直通道，二是平行于孔板的水平通道，因而即使上层孔板的滤孔被结晶堵塞也不会产生大的流动阻力。因此，结晶分离与储存方式不仅可以大大降低吸收溶液的流动阻力，同时还可实现吸收剂结晶的高密度蓄存，从而达到很高的储能密度。As a preference of the above embodiment, the lower part of the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 is also provided with a solid-liquid separation device for separating the crystals of the absorbent. By installing a solid-liquid separation device to separate the absorbent crystals from the absorption solution, the storage density of the absorbent crystals can be further significantly increased without blocking the flow of the absorption solution, thus achieving a high energy storage density. The specific structure of the solid-liquid separation device is not limited, as long as it can separate the absorbent crystals from the absorption solution and prevent the absorbent crystals from affecting the flow and circulation of the absorption solution. A preferred embodiment of the solid-liquid separation device given in this embodiment is an orifice plate 4 for filtering and carrying absorbent crystals. By setting the orifice plate 4 in the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 to filter and separate the absorbent crystals, and carrying the filtered and separated absorbent crystals, the amount of absorbent crystals that can be accommodated in the system can be effectively increased, and the energy storage density can be increased. In order to further improve the effect of filtering, separating and carrying the orifice plate 4, in this embodiment, at least two orifice plates 4 are further arranged in the absorption solution receiving chamber 202, and the outer edge of each orifice plate 202 is connected to the inner wall of the absorption solution receiving chamber 202. There is an opening 5 between them, and the opening 5 between two adjacent orifice plates 4 and the inner wall of the absorbing solution receiving chamber 202 is oppositely arranged. In this embodiment, the openings on the upper and lower adjacent orifice plates are arranged on opposite sides, so that the absorbent crystals need to move as far as possible on the orifice plate 4 to fall on the next orifice plate 4, which makes the As many absorbent crystals as possible are accumulated on each orifice plate 4 . At the same time, it is ensured that the bottom of the absorbing solution receiving chamber 202 basically does not have absorbent crystallization, and while increasing the energy storage density, it does not affect the flow and circulation of the absorbing solution. Since the absorption solution containing absorbent crystals flows through the orifice plate layer, there are two kinds of flow channels, one is the vertical channel flowing through the 4 filter holes of the orifice plate, and the other is the horizontal channel parallel to the orifice plate. The pores are blocked by crystals without causing a large flow resistance. Therefore, the crystal separation and storage method can not only greatly reduce the flow resistance of the absorption solution, but also realize high-density storage of absorbent crystals, thereby achieving a high energy storage density.
本实用新型实施例中采用冷凝工质储罐26来存储冷凝工质，将冷凝工质接收器24的冷凝工质存储功能转移到冷凝工质储罐26，可以减小形成工质腔室22的容器的体积，同时避免了过多的冷凝工质存留在工质腔室22内影响系统的运行。In the embodiment of the utility model, the condensed working medium storage tank 26 is used to store the condensed working medium, and the condensed working medium storage function of the condensed working medium receiver 24 is transferred to the condensed working medium storage tank 26, which can reduce the formation of the working medium chamber 22 The volume of the container, while avoiding too much condensed working fluid remaining in the working medium chamber 22 and affecting the operation of the system.
第一工质换热器50可以设置在工质腔室22内部也可以设置在工质腔室22外部。参见图1至图7，第一工质换热器50设于工质腔室22内部时，吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内产生的工质蒸气通过工质蒸气通道14进入工质腔室2后直接与第一工质换热器50的表面相接触实现与流经第一工质换热器50的冷凝热媒换热，工质蒸气冷凝并释放冷凝热，冷凝热由冷凝热媒吸收并带走。第一工质换热器50设于工质腔室22外部时，需要管道(可以借用冷凝工质喷淋管道28)将在工质腔室22得到并存储在冷凝工质储罐26内的冷凝工质经第一工质换热器50的热流体侧后输送至工质腔室22内进行喷淋，第一工质换热器50的冷流体侧流过冷凝热媒，流经第一工质换热器50冷流体侧的冷凝热媒吸收冷凝工质携带的冷凝热并带走。冷凝工质通过第一工质换热器50吸收冷凝热媒的冷量后在工质腔室22内喷淋并与来自吸收溶液喷淋腔室201的工质蒸气相接触，使工质蒸气冷凝并释放冷凝热。冷凝工质携带工质蒸汽冷凝释放的冷凝热落入冷凝工质接收器24内，并沿第一冷凝工质管道25输送至冷凝工质储罐26。工质腔室22的上部设有喷淋装置(可借用冷凝工质喷淋装置41)用于储能时冷凝工质的喷淋。The first working medium heat exchanger 50 can be arranged inside the working medium chamber 22 or outside the working medium chamber 22 . 1 to 7, when the first working medium heat exchanger 50 is arranged inside the working medium chamber 22, the working medium vapor generated in the absorption solution spray chamber 201 enters the working medium chamber 2 through the working medium steam channel 14 Then directly contact with the surface of the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 to realize heat exchange with the condensing heat medium flowing through the first working medium heat exchanger 50, the working medium vapor condenses and releases the condensation heat, and the condensation heat is absorbed by the condensing heat medium and take away. When the first working medium heat exchanger 50 is located outside the working medium chamber 22, it needs pipelines (which can be borrowed from the condensed working medium spray pipeline 28) to obtain and store the condensed working medium in the working medium chamber 22 in the condensed working medium storage tank 26. The condensed working fluid passes through the hot fluid side of the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 and is transported to the working medium chamber 22 for spraying. The cold fluid side of the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 flows through the condensing heat medium, and flows through the second The condensing heat medium on the cold fluid side of a working medium heat exchanger 50 absorbs the condensation heat carried by the condensing working medium and takes it away. The condensed working fluid is sprayed in the working medium chamber 22 after absorbing the cooling capacity of the condensing heat medium through the first working medium heat exchanger 50 and is in contact with the working medium vapor from the absorption solution spraying chamber 201, so that the working medium vapor Condensate and release the heat of condensation. The condensed working fluid carries the condensation heat released by the condensation of the working medium steam and falls into the condensed working medium receiver 24 , and is transported to the condensed working medium storage tank 26 along the first condensed working medium pipeline 25 . The upper part of the working medium chamber 22 is provided with a spraying device (the condensed working medium spraying device 41 can be borrowed) for spraying the condensed working medium during energy storage.
作为上述任一实施例的优选，参见图1至图7，本实用新型实施例的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统还包括第二压缩机90和第二膨胀阀95，第二压缩机90、第二膨胀阀95、第一吸收溶液换热器30和第一工质换热器50构成第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，第一吸收溶液换热器30作为第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的压缩式热泵冷凝器与第二压缩机90出口连接，第一工质换热器50作为第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的压缩式热泵蒸发器与第二压缩机90的入口连接，第一吸收溶液换热器30至第一工质换热器50依次连接过冷器92和第二膨胀阀95，第二压缩机90入口一端或出口一端设有温度传感器98，第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统内循环的制冷剂经过第二压缩机90后，作为发生热媒流经第一吸收溶液换热器30的热流体侧，然后依次经过过冷器92的热流体侧和第二膨胀阀95调节流量后作为冷凝热媒输入第一工质换热器50，流经第一工质换热器50后输入第二压缩机90完成一次循环，流经过冷器92冷流体侧的冷却热媒吸收制冷剂的热量。本实施例引入了第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，由于第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的蒸发温度较高(5℃左右)，当第一工质换热器50外置时，第一工质换热器50的冷流体侧接入第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，第一工质换热器50的热流体侧与冷凝工质喷淋管道28连接。而当第一工质换热器50内置时，参考图1至图7，第一工质换热器50的入口和出口直接接入第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统。设置温度传感器98可及时掌握第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统中制冷剂的温度变化，当超过设定的阈值时，可以通过增加流过过冷器92冷却热媒流量来控制制冷剂的温度。或者，在蒸气压缩式热泵子系统中设置用于测定制冷剂压力的压力传感器，通过及时掌握制冷剂压力变化来调整流过过冷器92的冷却热媒流量。根据采用的具体的冷却热媒，过冷器92通过冷却热媒管道93连接适当的冷却热媒提供设备。冷却热媒可以采用自来水、供热回水或者冷却水等。As a preference for any of the above embodiments, referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage in the embodiment of the utility model further includes a second compressor 90 and a second expansion valve 95, the second compressor 90 , the second expansion valve 95, the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 and the first working medium heat exchanger 50 constitute the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 serves as the second vapor compression heat pump sub-system The compression heat pump condenser of the system is connected to the outlet of the second compressor 90, and the first working medium heat exchanger 50 is connected to the inlet of the second compressor 90 as the compression heat pump evaporator of the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem. An absorption solution heat exchanger 30 is connected to a subcooler 92 and a second expansion valve 95 in sequence to the first working medium heat exchanger 50, and a temperature sensor 98 is provided at the inlet end or the outlet end of the second compressor 90, and the second vapor compression type The refrigerant circulating in the heat pump subsystem passes through the second compressor 90, flows through the thermal fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 as a heat generating medium, and then passes through the thermal fluid side of the subcooler 92 and the second expander in sequence. Valve 95 adjusts the flow rate and enters the first working medium heat exchanger 50 as a condensing heat medium, flows through the first working medium heat exchanger 50 and then enters the second compressor 90 to complete a cycle, and flows through the cooler 92 for cooling on the cold fluid side. The heat medium absorbs heat from the refrigerant. This embodiment introduces the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem. Since the evaporation temperature of the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem is relatively high (about 5°C), when the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 is externally installed, the first working medium The cold fluid side of the mass heat exchanger 50 is connected to the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the hot fluid side of the first working medium heat exchanger 50 is connected to the condensing working medium spray pipe 28 . When the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 is built in, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 , the inlet and outlet of the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 are directly connected to the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem. Setting the temperature sensor 98 can timely grasp the temperature change of the refrigerant in the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem. When the temperature exceeds the set threshold, the temperature of the refrigerant can be controlled by increasing the cooling heat medium flow through the subcooler 92 . Alternatively, a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the refrigerant is provided in the vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the flow rate of the cooling heat medium flowing through the subcooler 92 is adjusted by grasping changes in the pressure of the refrigerant in time. According to the specific cooling heat medium used, the subcooler 92 is connected to appropriate cooling heat medium supply equipment through the cooling heat medium pipeline 93 . The cooling heat medium can be tap water, heating return water or cooling water.
作为上述实施例的优选，本实用新型实施例的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统还包括热水供给子系统，热水供给子系统包括冷却热媒储罐110，过冷器92的冷流体侧通过管道与冷却热媒储罐110连接，冷却热媒在过冷器92和冷却热媒储罐110之间循环，冷却热媒为水，冷却热媒储罐110还连接热水供应管道118和补水管道117。本实施例通过使用自来水作为冷却热媒向用户提供生活热水。冷却热媒储罐110的输出管道上设有冷却热媒循环泵111，以实现冷却热媒循环。As a preference of the above-mentioned embodiment, the central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage in the embodiment of the present utility model also includes a hot water supply subsystem, which includes the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 and the cold fluid of the subcooler 92 The side is connected to the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 through pipelines, and the cooling heat medium circulates between the supercooler 92 and the cooling heat medium storage tank 110, the cooling heat medium is water, and the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 is also connected to the hot water supply pipeline 118 And replenishment pipeline 117. In this embodiment, tap water is used as a cooling heat medium to provide domestic hot water to users. A cooling heat medium circulation pump 111 is provided on the output pipeline of the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 to realize circulation of the cooling heat medium.
流经第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒为冷凝工质储罐内储存的冷凝工质蒸发提供所需热量，通过第二工质换热器60吸收蒸发热媒的热量后，一部分冷凝工质蒸发为工质蒸气，为冷凝工质提供了蒸发热的蒸发热媒向外提供冷量。第二工质换热器60可以是与空调子系统连接，通过空调子系统向外释放冷量。或者本实用新型实施例的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统还包括第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，第二工质换热器60与第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器连接，或第二工质换热器作为第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器，冷凝工质从流经所述第二工质换热器或者冷凝器的制冷剂吸收热量而蒸发，使得在供暖季作为第一级热泵的第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝温度和压比大幅降低，从而显著提高使用非低谷电的第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的供热COP。第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统或者水源热泵系统，当第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统时，流经第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统蒸发器132的制冷剂从大气吸收热量而蒸发，当第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为水源热泵系统时，流经第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统蒸发器132的制冷剂从水吸收热量而蒸发。The evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 provides the required heat for the evaporation of the condensed working fluid stored in the condensing working medium storage tank, and after absorbing the heat of the evaporation heat medium through the second working medium heat exchanger 60, a part The condensed working fluid evaporates into working fluid vapor, and the evaporation heat medium that provides evaporation heat for the condensed working fluid provides cooling capacity to the outside. The second working fluid heat exchanger 60 may be connected to the air conditioning subsystem, and release cold energy to the outside through the air conditioning subsystem. Or the central air-conditioning system based on low valley electric energy storage in the embodiment of the present utility model further includes a first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 is connected to the condenser of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, or The second working fluid heat exchanger is used as the condenser of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem. The condensed working fluid absorbs heat from the refrigerant flowing through the second working fluid heat exchanger or condenser and evaporates, so that in the heating season The condensation temperature and pressure ratio of the first vapor-compression heat pump subsystem as the first-stage heat pump are greatly reduced, thereby significantly improving the heating COP of the first vapor-compression heat pump subsystem using non-valley electricity. The first vapor compression heat pump subsystem is an air source heat pump system or a water source heat pump system. When the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem is an air source heat pump system, the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator 132 of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem Absorb heat from the atmosphere and evaporate. When the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem is a water source heat pump system, the refrigerant flowing through the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem evaporator 132 absorbs heat from water and evaporates.
具体的，如图2所示，第二工质换热器60作为第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器与第一压缩机133的出口连接，第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统内循环的制冷剂经过第一压缩机133后，作为蒸发热媒输入第二工质换热器60，流经第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒为冷凝工质储罐26内的冷凝工质在工质腔室22内蒸发提供所需热量，为冷凝工质提供了蒸发热的蒸发热媒经过第一膨胀阀131后输入蒸发器132，经过蒸发器132的制冷剂输入第一压缩机133完成一次循环，制冷剂流经蒸发器132时从外部吸热蒸发。或者参见图3、图6和图7，第二工质换热器60与第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器141的冷流体侧连接，第二工质换热器60与冷凝器141之间形成循环回路。蒸发热媒通过设于该循环回路上的循环泵140实现在第二工质换热器60与第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器141之间循环。Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the second working medium heat exchanger 60 is connected to the outlet of the first compressor 133 as the condenser of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the internal circulation of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem After the refrigerant passes through the first compressor 133, it is input into the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 as an evaporation heat medium, and the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working medium heat exchanger 60 is the condensing working medium in the condensing working medium storage tank 26 Evaporate in the working medium chamber 22 to provide the required heat, and the evaporation heat medium that provides evaporation heat for the condensed working medium passes through the first expansion valve 131 and then enters the evaporator 132, and the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 132 enters the first compressor 133 One cycle is completed, and when the refrigerant flows through the evaporator 132, it absorbs heat from the outside and evaporates. Or referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 is connected to the cold fluid side of the condenser 141 of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 is connected to the condenser 141 A loop is formed between them. The evaporation heat medium circulates between the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the condenser 141 of the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem through the circulation pump 140 provided on the circulation loop.
作为另一种优选，参见图5，还包括第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统，第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器作为第三工质换热器130设于工质腔室22内冷凝工质喷淋装置41的下方，第三工质换热器130作为第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器与第三压缩机163的出口连接，第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统内循环的制冷剂经过第三压缩机163后，作为蒸发热媒输入第三工质换热器130，流经第三工质换热器130的蒸发热媒为冷凝工质在工质腔室22内蒸发提供所需热量，为冷凝工质提供了蒸发热的蒸发热媒经过第三膨胀阀161后输入第三蒸发器162，经过第三蒸发器162的制冷剂输入第一压缩机163完成一次循环，制冷剂流经蒸发器162时从外部吸热蒸发。As another preference, referring to FIG. 5 , it also includes a third vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the condenser of the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem is set in the working medium chamber 22 as the third working medium heat exchanger 130 to condense Below the working medium spraying device 41, the third working medium heat exchanger 130 is connected to the outlet of the third compressor 163 as the condenser of the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem, and the internal circulation of the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem After passing through the third compressor 163, the refrigerant enters the third working medium heat exchanger 130 as an evaporation heat medium, and the evaporation heat medium flowing through the third working medium heat exchanger 130 is condensed working medium and evaporates in the working medium chamber 22 Provide the required heat, and the evaporation heat medium that provides evaporation heat for the condensed working medium passes through the third expansion valve 161 and then enters the third evaporator 162, and the refrigerant passing through the third evaporator 162 enters the first compressor 163 to complete a cycle, When the refrigerant flows through the evaporator 162, it absorbs heat from the outside and evaporates.
冷凝工质从流经第三工质换热器130的制冷剂吸收热量而蒸发。第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的蒸发器162，当冷暖中央空调子系统供暖时，可以通过第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统实现冷凝工质的蒸发及冷量的向外输出。The condensed working fluid absorbs heat from the refrigerant flowing through the third working medium heat exchanger 130 to evaporate. The evaporator 162 of the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem can realize the evaporation of the condensed working medium and the external output of cooling capacity through the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem when the cooling and heating central air conditioning subsystem is heating.
第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统、第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统和第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统可以是空气源热泵系统或者水源热泵系统，当第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统、第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统和第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为空气源热泵系统时，流经空气源热泵系统蒸发器的制冷剂从大气吸收热量而蒸发，当第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统、第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统和第三蒸气压缩式热泵子系统为水源热泵系统时，流经水源热泵系统蒸发器的制冷剂从水吸收热量而蒸发。The first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem and the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem may be air source heat pump systems or water source heat pump systems, when the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem, the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem When the compression heat pump subsystem and the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem are air source heat pump systems, the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator of the air source heat pump system absorbs heat from the atmosphere and evaporates. When the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem and the third vapor compression heat pump subsystem are water source heat pump systems, the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator of the water source heat pump system absorbs heat from water and evaporates.
参见图4，第二吸收溶液换热器40与冷却塔或者空冷器或冷凝器171连接，吸收热媒在第二吸收溶液换热器与冷却塔或者空冷器或冷凝器171之间循环，从而将在第二吸收溶液换热器吸收的吸收热在冷却塔或者空冷器或冷凝器171释放。该循环回路上设置循环泵170实现吸收热媒在第二吸收溶液换热器与冷却塔或者空冷器或冷凝器171之间循环。当第二吸收溶液换热器还连接中央空调子系统时，通过设置阀门控制第二吸收溶液换热器与冷却塔或者空冷器之间形成循环回路或第二吸收溶液换热器还与中央空调子系统之间形成循环回路。Referring to Fig. 4, the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is connected with the cooling tower or the air cooler or the condenser 171, and the absorption heat medium circulates between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cooling tower or the air cooler or the condenser 171, thereby The heat of absorption absorbed in the second absorption solution heat exchanger is released in the cooling tower or air cooler or condenser 171 . A circulation pump 170 is arranged on the circulation loop to realize the circulation of the absorption heat medium between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cooling tower or air cooler or condenser 171 . When the second absorption solution heat exchanger is also connected to the central air-conditioning subsystem, a circulation loop is formed between the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the cooling tower or air cooler by setting a valve, or the second absorption solution heat exchanger is also connected to the central air conditioner A loop is formed between the subsystems.
参见图6和图7，在第二工质换热器60既连接第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统又连接空调子系统时，同样，第二工质换热器60可以是通过各自独立的管道分别与第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统和空调子系统连接，从而分别形成相对独立的循环回路，然后在各自的循环回路上设置阀门，根据需要通过阀门控制第二工质换热器60与第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统之间的循环回路和第二工质换热器60与空调子系统之间的循环回路中的一个或两个导通。或者第二工质换热器60通过电磁三通阀实现与控制空调子系统和第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统分别形成循环回路，然后通过电磁三通阀控制第二工质换热器60与第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统之间的循环回路和第二工质换热器60与空调子系统之间的循环回路中的一个或两个导通。采用电磁三通阀连接可参考图6和图7，第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒入口通过第七电磁三通阀144分别连接空调子系统的集水器和第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器141的冷流体侧的出口，第二工质换热器60的蒸发热媒出口通过第八电磁三通阀145分别连接空调子系统的分水器和第一蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的冷凝器141的冷流体侧的入口。Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, when the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 is connected to both the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem, similarly, the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 can be connected through separate pipelines They are respectively connected with the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem and the air conditioning subsystem, so as to form relatively independent circulation loops, and then set valves on the respective circulation loops, and control the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 through the valves as required. One or both of the circulation loop between a vapor compression heat pump subsystem and the circulation loop between the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the air conditioning subsystem are connected. Or the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 realizes and controls the air-conditioning subsystem and the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem respectively to form a circulation loop through the electromagnetic three-way valve, and then controls the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem through the electromagnetic three-way valve. One or both of the circulation loop between the first vapor compression heat pump subsystem and the circulation loop between the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the air conditioning subsystem are connected. The electromagnetic three-way valve connection can refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7. The evaporation heat medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger 60 is respectively connected to the water collector of the air conditioning subsystem and the first vapor compression system through the seventh electromagnetic three-way valve 144. The outlet of the cold fluid side of the condenser 141 of the heat pump subsystem and the outlet of the evaporation heat medium of the second working medium heat exchanger 60 are respectively connected to the water separator of the air conditioning subsystem and the first vapor compression type through the eighth electromagnetic three-way valve 145. Inlet to the cold fluid side of the condenser 141 of the heat pump subsystem.
吸收溶液吸收冷凝工质蒸发形成的工质蒸气而升温并稀释，升温后的吸收溶液通过第二吸收溶液换热器40向流经第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒释放吸收热，吸收了吸收热的吸收热媒向外供热，稀释后的吸收溶液溶解吸收剂结晶而恢复至饱和浓度。根据采用的吸收热媒及具体情况，第二吸收溶液换热器40可以与空调子系统连接，通过空调子系统向外供暖。或者参见图5至图7，第二吸收溶液换热器40还可以与冷却热媒储罐110连接，吸收热媒在第二吸收溶液换热器40和冷却热媒储罐110之间循环。同样，吸收热媒采用自来水时，冷却热媒储罐110可以通过热水供应管道118提供生活热水。当然，该实施例可以与上一实施例结合，即冷却热媒储罐110分别连接第二吸收溶液换热器40和过冷器92。此时，吸收热媒和冷却热媒采用同一热媒。通过阀门控制冷却热媒储罐110与第二吸收溶液换热器40之间的循环回路导通或冷却热媒储罐110与过冷器92之间的循环回路导通，或该两个循环回路均导通。同样，作为一种选择，冷却热媒储罐110可以通过电磁三通阀分别连接第二吸收溶液换热器40和过冷器92，并通过电磁三通阀控制循环回路的导通。具体的管道设计，可以是过冷器92和第二吸收溶液换热器40分别通过各自独立的管道与冷却热媒储罐110连接分别形成循环回路，然后在各自的循环回路上设置阀门，根据需要通过阀门控制哪一个循环回路导通。或者如图1、图5和图6所示，冷却热媒储罐110通过第三电磁三通阀112分别连接过冷器92的冷却热媒的入口(冷流体侧入口)和第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒的入口，冷却热媒储罐110通过第四电磁三通阀113分别连接过冷器92的冷却热媒的出口(冷流体侧出口)和第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒的出口。The absorption solution absorbs the working medium vapor formed by the evaporation of the condensed working medium, heats up and dilutes, and the heated absorption solution passes through the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 to release absorption heat to the absorption heat medium flowing through the second absorption solution heat exchanger, absorbing The absorption heat medium that has absorbed the heat of absorption supplies heat to the outside, and the diluted absorption solution dissolves the absorbent crystals and returns to the saturated concentration. According to the absorption heat medium used and the specific conditions, the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 can be connected with the air-conditioning subsystem to supply heat to the outside through the air-conditioning subsystem. Or referring to FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 , the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 may also be connected to the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 , and the absorption heat medium circulates between the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 and the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 . Similarly, when tap water is used as the absorption heat medium, the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 can provide domestic hot water through the hot water supply pipeline 118 . Of course, this embodiment can be combined with the previous embodiment, that is, the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 is respectively connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 and the subcooler 92 . At this time, the same heat medium is used for the absorption heat medium and the cooling heat medium. Control the conduction of the circulation loop between the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 or the conduction of the circulation loop between the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 and the subcooler 92, or the two cycles The circuits are all turned on. Likewise, as an option, the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 may be connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 and the subcooler 92 through an electromagnetic three-way valve, and the conduction of the circulation loop is controlled through the electromagnetic three-way valve. The specific pipeline design can be that the subcooler 92 and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 are respectively connected to the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 through separate pipelines to form circulation loops, and then valves are set on the respective circulation loops, according to It is necessary to control which circulation circuit is conducted through the valve. Or as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 is respectively connected to the inlet of the cooling heat medium (cold fluid side inlet) of the subcooler 92 and the second absorption solution through the third electromagnetic three-way valve 112. The inlet of the absorption heat medium of the heat exchanger 40 and the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 are respectively connected to the outlet of the cooling heat medium of the subcooler 92 (cold fluid side outlet) and the second absorption solution for heat exchange through the fourth electromagnetic three-way valve 113 The outlet of the absorption heat medium of the device 40.
同样，中央空调子系统还可以与过冷器92连接。中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器40和过冷器92之间可以分别通过各自独立的管道连接，分别形成循环回路，然后在各自的循环回路上设置阀门，根据需要通过阀门控制其中一个或两个循环回路导通。或者空调子系统通过电磁三通阀分别连接第二吸收溶液换热器40和过冷器92，以分别形成循环回路，并通过电磁三通阀实现其中一个或两个循环回路导通。具体可参见图5至图7，空调子系统的集水器通过第五电磁三通阀108分别连接过冷器92的冷却热媒的入口(冷流体侧入口)和第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒的入口，空调子系统的分水器通过第六电磁三通阀107分别连接过冷器92的冷却热媒的出口(冷流体侧出口)和第二吸收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒的出口。当空调子系统为冷凝空调子系统时，参见图5至图7，通过第一电磁三通阀101、第二电磁三通阀104、第五电磁三通阀108和第六电磁三通阀107可以实现空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器40、第二工质换热器60及过冷器92中哪个循环回路导通。Likewise, the central air-conditioning subsystem can also be connected to the subcooler 92 . The central air-conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 and the subcooler 92 can be connected through independent pipelines respectively to form circulation loops, and then valves are set on the respective circulation loops, and the valves are used to control them as required. One or both loops are turned on. Alternatively, the air-conditioning subsystem is respectively connected to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 and the subcooler 92 through an electromagnetic three-way valve to form circulation loops, and one or two of the circulation loops are connected through the electromagnetic three-way valve. 5 to 7 for details, the water collector of the air conditioning subsystem is respectively connected to the inlet of the cooling heat medium of the subcooler 92 (cold fluid side inlet) and the second absorption solution heat exchanger through the fifth electromagnetic three-way valve 108 40, the inlet of the absorption heat medium, and the water distributor of the air-conditioning subsystem are respectively connected to the outlet of the cooling heat medium of the subcooler 92 (cold fluid side outlet) and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 through the sixth electromagnetic three-way valve 107. The outlet of the absorption heat medium. When the air-conditioning subsystem is a condensing air-conditioning subsystem, referring to FIGS. It can be realized which circulating loop is connected between the air conditioning subsystem and the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 , the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the subcooler 92 .
另外，参照图7作为另外一种选择，在吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内第二吸收溶液喷淋装置40下方增设第三吸收溶液换热器150，第三吸收溶液换热器150的作用、中央空调及工作原理等均参考第二吸收溶液换热器40。第三吸收溶液换热器150与冷却热媒储罐110连接。当冷却热媒储罐110连接第三吸收溶液换热器150的同时还连接过冷器92和/或第二吸收溶液换热器40时，同样，也可以是通过设有阀门的不同的相对独立的循环回路实现。或者冷却热媒储罐110通过电磁三通阀分别与过冷器92和/或第二收溶液换热器40，以及第三吸收溶液换热器150连接。如图7所示，以冷却热媒储罐110输送为例，冷却热媒储罐110的设有冷却热媒循环泵111的主输出管道先连接第九电磁三通阀153，第九电磁三通阀153分别连接第三电磁三通阀112和第三吸收溶液换热器150的入口，如上面实施例所描述的，第三电磁三通阀112分别连接过冷器92的冷却热媒入口和第二收溶液换热器40的吸收热媒入口。In addition, referring to FIG. 7 as another option, a third absorption solution heat exchanger 150 is added below the second absorption solution spray device 40 in the absorption solution spray chamber 201. The function of the third absorption solution heat exchanger 150, The central air conditioner and its working principle refer to the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 . The third absorption solution heat exchanger 150 is connected to the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 . When the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 is connected to the third absorption solution heat exchanger 150 and also connected to the subcooler 92 and/or the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, similarly, it can also be through different relative heat exchangers provided with valves. Independent loop implementation. Alternatively, the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 is respectively connected to the subcooler 92 and/or the second receiving solution heat exchanger 40 and the third absorbing solution heat exchanger 150 through an electromagnetic three-way valve. As shown in Figure 7, taking the transportation of the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 as an example, the main output pipeline of the cooling heat medium storage tank 110 provided with the cooling heat medium circulating pump 111 is first connected to the ninth electromagnetic three-way valve 153, and the ninth electromagnetic three-way valve The through valve 153 is respectively connected to the third electromagnetic three-way valve 112 and the inlet of the third absorption solution heat exchanger 150, as described in the above embodiment, the third electromagnetic three-way valve 112 is respectively connected to the cooling heat medium inlet of the subcooler 92 And the absorption heat medium inlet of the second solution heat exchanger 40.
冷凝工质的蒸发在工质蒸发腔室内进行，吸收溶液吸收工质蒸气在吸收溶液腔室内进行。第二工质换热器和第二吸收溶液换热器可以是内置或外置。The condensed working fluid is evaporated in the working fluid evaporation chamber, and the absorption solution absorbs the working fluid vapor in the absorption solution chamber. The second working fluid heat exchanger and the second absorption solution heat exchanger can be built-in or external.
冷凝工质储罐26内的冷凝工质通过第二工质换热器与流经第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒进行换热，吸收了蒸发热媒提供的热量后，冷凝工质蒸发为工质蒸气。The condensed working medium in the condensed working medium storage tank 26 exchanges heat with the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working medium heat exchanger through the second working medium heat exchanger, and after absorbing the heat provided by the evaporation heat medium, the condensed working medium Evaporate as working vapor.
下面通过低温制冷系统的不同实施例来对其具体构造进行说明，以供进一步理解本实用新型的技术方案。The specific structure of the low-temperature refrigeration system will be described below through different embodiments, so as to further understand the technical solution of the utility model.
第二吸收溶液换热器40外置时，即第二吸收换热器40设于吸收溶液腔室2外部时，吸收热媒流经第二吸收溶液换热器40的冷流体侧。可以通过不同方式实现吸收溶液在吸收溶液腔室2内吸收冷凝工质蒸发形成的工质蒸气而升温并稀释，升温后的吸收溶液通过第二吸收溶液换热器向流经第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒释放吸收热，吸收了吸收热的吸收热媒向外供热，稀释后的吸收溶液溶解吸收剂结晶而恢复至饱和浓度。第一吸收溶液喷淋管道7连接第二吸收溶液换热器40的热流体侧，吸收溶液向流经第二吸收溶液换热器40的冷流体侧的吸收热媒释放吸收热而降温，吸收了吸收热的吸收热媒向外供热，降温后的吸收溶液输送至第一吸收溶液喷淋装置3喷淋后，吸收冷凝工质在工质腔室内产生的工质蒸气而升温并稀释。当然，如图1至图7所示，也可另外设置第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9来输送吸收溶液至设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内的第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43进行喷淋，吸收冷凝工质在工质腔室内产生的工质蒸气而升温并稀释。第二吸收溶液换热器40外置时，其热流体侧接入第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9。第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9上设有第二吸收溶液喷淋泵8，当然，第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9也可与第一吸收溶液喷淋管道7共用一个泵，即共用第一吸收溶液喷淋泵6。第二吸收溶液换热器40内置时，即第二吸收溶液换热器40设于吸收溶液腔室2内部时，参见图1和图7，吸收溶液承接室202内的吸收溶液通过另外设置的第二吸收溶液喷淋管道9输送至设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内的第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43进行喷淋。第二吸收溶液换热器40设于第二吸收溶液喷淋装置43的下方，吸收溶液喷淋在第二吸收溶液换热器40的表面，喷淋后的吸收溶液吸收来自工质腔室的工质蒸气而稀释，并通过第二吸收溶液换热器40向吸收热媒释放吸收热，吸收了吸收热的吸收热媒可以向外提供热量。When the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is external, that is, when the second absorption heat exchanger 40 is arranged outside the absorption solution chamber 2 , the absorption heat medium flows through the cold fluid side of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 . Different methods can be used to realize that the absorption solution absorbs the working medium vapor formed by the evaporation of the condensed working medium in the absorption solution chamber 2 to heat up and dilute, and the heated absorption solution is exchanged to the second absorption solution through the second absorption solution heat exchanger. The absorption heat medium of the heater releases the absorption heat, and the absorption heat medium that has absorbed the absorption heat supplies heat to the outside, and the diluted absorption solution dissolves the crystal of the absorbent and returns to the saturated concentration. The first absorption solution spray pipe 7 is connected to the hot fluid side of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, and the absorption solution releases the absorption heat to the absorption heat medium flowing through the cold fluid side of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 to cool down, and the absorption The absorption heat medium that absorbs the heat is supplied to the outside, and the cooled absorption solution is sent to the first absorption solution spraying device 3 for spraying, and absorbs the working medium vapor generated by the condensed working medium in the working medium chamber to heat up and dilute. Of course, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 , a second absorption solution spraying pipeline 9 may be additionally provided to deliver the absorption solution to the second absorption solution spraying device 43 disposed in the absorption solution spraying chamber 201 for spraying. , absorbing the working medium vapor generated by the condensed working medium in the working medium chamber to heat up and dilute. When the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is placed externally, its hot fluid side is connected to the second absorption solution spray pipe 9 . The second absorption solution spraying pipeline 9 is provided with a second absorption solution spraying pump 8, of course, the second absorption solution spraying pipeline 9 can also share a pump with the first absorption solution spraying pipeline 7, that is, share the first absorption solution Solution spray pump6. When the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is built in, that is, when the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is arranged inside the absorption solution chamber 2, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the absorption solution in the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 passes through an additional The second absorption solution spraying pipeline 9 is delivered to the second absorption solution spraying device 43 provided in the absorption solution spraying chamber 201 for spraying. The second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 is arranged below the second absorption solution spraying device 43, the absorption solution is sprayed on the surface of the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, and the absorption solution after spraying absorbs the heat from the working medium chamber. The working medium vapor is diluted, and releases absorption heat to the absorption heat medium through the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40, and the absorption heat medium that has absorbed the absorption heat can provide heat to the outside.
本实用新型实施例中的第一吸收溶液换热器、第二吸收溶液换热器、第一冷凝工质换热器和第二冷凝工质换热器可采用外置的逆流换热器，因而能够更高效的利用变温发生热源、变温吸收溶液和变温蒸发热源。流经第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒和流经第二冷凝工质换热器的蒸发热媒具体可采用水、水溶液以及不冻液等。The first absorption solution heat exchanger, the second absorption solution heat exchanger, the first condensing working medium heat exchanger and the second condensing working medium heat exchanger in the embodiment of the utility model can adopt external countercurrent heat exchangers, Therefore, the variable temperature generation heat source, the variable temperature absorption solution and the variable temperature evaporation heat source can be utilized more efficiently. The absorption heat medium flowing through the second absorption solution heat exchanger and the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second condensing working medium heat exchanger can specifically use water, aqueous solution, antifreeze and the like.
由于各换热器外置并使用逆流板式换热器，而采用吸收溶液和冷凝工质的喷淋闪蒸和喷淋吸收方式，由于吸收溶液和冷凝工质的闪蒸蒸发和喷淋吸收的传热传质速率极快，因而可显著减小吸收溶液喷淋腔室和冷凝工质喷淋腔室的体积，从而显著减小系统整体的体积，同时显著提高换热强度和降低换热温差，从而使系统的结构更加紧凑和简单化，可进一步提高系统性能降低制造成本，并更加易于维护。由于采用了冷凝工质和吸收溶液的喷淋闪蒸或者喷淋吸收的方式，使得吸收溶液喷淋腔室和工质腔室中的不凝气体对发生过程、吸收过程、冷凝过程和蒸发过程的传热传质的阻碍作用显著降低。尤其是采用圆筒容器时，由于容器结构材料的焊接量大幅减少且容器内部不含换热材料，使得腐蚀量、进而不凝气体的产生量显著减少。Since each heat exchanger is externally installed and countercurrent plate heat exchangers are used, the spray flash evaporation and spray absorption methods of the absorption solution and the condensed working fluid are adopted. The heat and mass transfer rate is extremely fast, so the volume of the absorption solution spray chamber and the condensed working fluid spray chamber can be significantly reduced, thereby significantly reducing the overall volume of the system, while significantly improving the heat transfer intensity and reducing the heat transfer temperature difference , so that the structure of the system is more compact and simplified, the system performance can be further improved, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the maintenance is easier. Due to the adoption of the spray flash evaporation or spray absorption method of the condensed working fluid and the absorption solution, the non-condensable gas pairs in the absorption solution spray chamber and the working fluid chamber are generated, absorbed, condensed and evaporated. The hindering effect of heat and mass transfer is significantly reduced. Especially when a cylindrical container is used, since the amount of welding of the structural material of the container is greatly reduced and there is no heat exchange material inside the container, the amount of corrosion and thus the generation of non-condensable gas are significantly reduced.
对于容易引起结垢或堵塞的各热媒，通过采用可拆式板式换热器，可以使换热器的维护变得简单，从而进一步拓宽了系统的应用领域。For each heat medium that is easy to cause fouling or blockage, the maintenance of the heat exchanger can be simplified by using a detachable plate heat exchanger, thereby further broadening the application field of the system.
本实用新型在工作过程中吸收溶液始终在饱和浓度下进行吸收，因而能够获得较大的热泵温升(即吸收温度与蒸发温度之差)，而且能够保证吸收温度和蒸发温度的稳定，即可以保证系统制冷始终稳定。In the working process of the utility model, the absorption solution is always absorbed at the saturated concentration, so that a large heat pump temperature rise (that is, the difference between the absorption temperature and the evaporation temperature) can be obtained, and the stability of the absorption temperature and the evaporation temperature can be guaranteed, that is, it can Ensure that the system cooling is always stable.
本实用新型实施例的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统工作过程分别如下：其中吸收式热泵子系统的储能过程包括吸收溶液发生的吸收溶液腔室环节和工质蒸气冷凝的工质腔室环节，其中The working process of the central air-conditioning system based on low valley electric energy storage in the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: the energy storage process of the absorption heat pump subsystem includes the absorption solution chamber where the absorption solution occurs and the working medium chamber where the working medium vapor condenses links, of which
吸收溶液发生的吸收溶液腔室环节，位于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201下方的吸收溶液承接室202内的吸收溶液由第一吸收溶液喷淋泵6输送，经由第一吸收溶液喷淋管道7进入设于吸收溶液腔室2外部的第一吸收溶液换热器30的冷流体侧，通过第一吸收溶液换热器30吸收流经热流体侧的发生热媒的热量而升温后进入设于吸收溶液喷淋腔室201内的吸收溶液喷淋装置3喷淋，经闪蒸产生工质蒸气后，得到浓缩和冷却的吸收溶液因过饱和而晶析出吸收剂结晶，闪蒸产生的工质蒸气经工质蒸气通道14进入工质腔室22，随着吸收溶液腔室环节的进行，吸收溶液承接室的吸收溶液逐渐减少，吸收剂结晶逐渐增加；In the absorption solution chamber link where the absorption solution occurs, the absorption solution in the absorption solution receiving chamber 202 located below the absorption solution spray chamber 201 is transported by the first absorption solution spray pump 6 and enters through the first absorption solution spray pipe 7 The cold fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 arranged outside the absorption solution chamber 2 absorbs the heat of the generating heat medium flowing through the hot fluid side through the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 and enters the absorption solution after heating up. The absorbing solution spraying device 3 in the solution spraying chamber 201 sprays, and after flashing to generate working medium vapor, the concentrated and cooled absorbing solution is crystallized due to supersaturation and crystallization of the absorbing agent, and the working medium vapor produced by flashing Enter the working medium chamber 22 through the working medium vapor channel 14, and as the process of absorbing the solution chamber progresses, the absorbing solution in the absorbing solution receiving chamber gradually decreases, and the crystallization of the absorbent gradually increases;
工质蒸气冷凝的工质腔室环节，吸收溶液在吸收溶液腔室2内产生的工质蒸气进入工质腔室22内冷凝并释放冷凝热，冷凝热由流经第一工质换热器50的冷凝热媒吸收并带走，冷凝工质进入冷凝工质储罐，随着工质腔室环节的进行，冷凝工质储罐内的冷凝工质逐渐增加；其中，当第一工质换热器50设于工质腔室22内部时，来自吸收溶液腔室的工质蒸气在第一工质换热器50的换热面上冷凝并释放冷凝热；当第一工质换热器50设于工质腔室外部时，冷凝工质储罐内的冷凝工质经由冷凝工质喷淋管道进入第一冷凝工质换热器的热流体侧，通过第一冷凝工质换热器向冷流体侧的冷凝热媒释放所携带的工质蒸气的冷凝热后，冷凝工质进入冷凝工质喷淋装置喷淋，喷淋后冷凝工质吸收来自吸收溶液腔室的工质蒸气和工质蒸气的冷凝热，然后进入冷凝工质储罐。In the working medium chamber link of working medium vapor condensation, the working medium steam generated by the absorption solution in the absorption solution chamber 2 enters the working medium chamber 22 to condense and release condensation heat, and the condensation heat flows through the first working medium heat exchanger 50% of the condensed heat medium is absorbed and taken away, and the condensed working fluid enters the condensed working medium storage tank. As the working medium chamber progresses, the condensed working medium in the condensed working medium storage tank gradually increases; among them, when the first working medium When the heat exchanger 50 is arranged inside the working medium chamber 22, the working medium vapor from the absorption solution chamber condenses on the heat exchange surface of the first working medium heat exchanger 50 and releases condensation heat; When the device 50 is arranged outside the working medium chamber, the condensing working medium in the condensing working medium storage tank enters the hot fluid side of the first condensing working medium heat exchanger through the condensing working medium spray pipe, and exchanges heat through the first condensing working medium After the device releases the condensation heat of the working fluid vapor carried by the condensing heat medium on the cold fluid side, the condensed working medium enters the condensing working medium spraying device for spraying, and after spraying, the condensing working medium absorbs the working medium vapor from the absorption solution chamber and the condensation heat of the working fluid vapor, and then enter the condensing working fluid storage tank.
当吸收溶液承接室202内设有孔板4时，含有吸收剂结晶的吸收溶液经由孔板4进入吸收溶液承接室4的下方。吸收剂结晶通过过滤和基于吸收剂结晶与吸收溶液之间的密度差的重力分离堆积于孔板4之上。由于含吸收剂结晶的吸收溶液流经孔板层时存在两种流动通道，一是流过孔板滤孔的垂直通道，二是平行于孔板的水平通道，因而即使上层孔板的滤孔被结晶堵塞也不会产生大的流动阻力。因此，随着储能的进行，吸收剂结晶逐渐增加也不会阻碍吸收溶液的流动及循环。而当第一工质换热器50是设于工质腔室22内时，工质蒸气直接在第一工质换热器50的换热面上冷凝并释放冷凝热。当第一工质换热器50是设于工质腔室22外时，工质腔室22内冷凝产生的冷凝工质由冷凝工质喷淋泵输送，通过冷凝工质喷淋管道28输入第一工质换热器50的热流体侧，冷凝工质通过第一工质换热器50与流经冷流体侧的冷凝热媒换热后，再输送到冷凝工质喷淋装置41进行喷淋，工质蒸气与喷淋的冷凝工质相接触而冷凝释放冷凝热，冷凝工质携带的冷凝热由冷凝热媒通过第一工质换热器50吸收并带走。当设有冷凝工质储罐26时，工质腔室22内冷凝产生的的冷凝工质落到冷凝工质接收器24内后，通过第一冷凝工质管道25进入冷凝工质储罐26。When the absorbing solution receiving chamber 202 is provided with an orifice 4 , the absorbing solution containing absorbent crystals enters below the absorbing solution receiving chamber 4 through the orifice 4 . The absorbent crystals are deposited on the orifice plate 4 by filtration and gravity separation based on the density difference between the absorbent crystals and the absorption solution. Since the absorption solution containing absorbent crystals flows through the orifice layer, there are two flow channels, one is the vertical channel flowing through the filter holes of the orifice plate, and the other is the horizontal channel parallel to the orifice plate, so even the filter holes of the upper orifice plate Being blocked by crystallization will not produce large flow resistance. Therefore, as the energy storage progresses, the crystallization of the absorbent will gradually increase and will not hinder the flow and circulation of the absorption solution. However, when the first working medium heat exchanger 50 is disposed in the working medium chamber 22 , the working medium vapor condenses directly on the heat exchange surface of the first working medium heat exchanger 50 and releases condensation heat. When the first working fluid heat exchanger 50 is located outside the working medium chamber 22, the condensed working fluid produced by condensation in the working medium chamber 22 is transported by the condensing working medium spray pump and input through the condensing working medium spray pipe 28. On the hot fluid side of the first working medium heat exchanger 50, the condensed working medium passes through the first working medium heat exchanger 50 to exchange heat with the condensed heat medium flowing through the cold fluid side, and then is transported to the condensed working medium spraying device 41 for further processing. In spraying, the working fluid vapor contacts the sprayed condensing working medium to condense to release condensation heat, and the condensation heat carried by the condensing working medium is absorbed and taken away by the condensing heat medium through the first working medium heat exchanger 50 . When the condensed working medium storage tank 26 is provided, the condensed working medium produced by condensation in the working medium chamber 22 falls into the condensed working medium receiver 24 and enters the condensed working medium storage tank 26 through the first condensed working medium pipeline 25 .
当包括第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统时，还包括第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统环节，第二压缩机90出口的制冷剂作为发生热媒进入第一吸收溶液换热器30的热流体侧，第一吸收溶液换热器30冷流体侧的吸收溶液通过第一吸收溶液换热器30吸收制冷剂的冷凝热而升温，通过第一吸收溶液换热器30的制冷剂经第二膨胀阀95调节后作为冷凝热媒进入第一冷凝工质换热器50，作为冷凝热媒的制冷剂通过第一冷凝工质换热器50吸收吸收溶液腔室2内产生的蒸汽在工质腔室22内冷凝而释放的冷凝热，吸收了冷凝热的制冷剂进入第二压缩机90实现制冷剂循环。当第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统还包括过冷器92和温度传感器98时，还可根据监测到的温度进行相应调整。具体如下：当温度传感器98检测进入第二压缩机90的制冷剂的温度超过第一设定值时，增加流经设于第一吸收溶液换热器30和第二膨胀阀95之间的过冷器92的冷流体侧的冷却热媒流量，从而降低流经过冷器92的热流体侧的制冷剂的温度；而当温度传感器98检测进入第二压缩机90的制冷剂的温度低于第二设定值时，减少过冷器92的冷流体侧的冷却热媒流量。第一设定值和第二设定值的具体设定可根据具体的情况确定，在此不再赘述。When the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem is included, the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem link is also included, and the refrigerant at the outlet of the second compressor 90 enters the hot fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 as a heat generation medium , the absorption solution on the cold fluid side of the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 passes through the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 to absorb the condensation heat of the refrigerant and heats up, and the refrigerant passing through the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 passes through the second expansion valve 95 after adjustment, it enters the first condensing working medium heat exchanger 50 as a condensing heat medium, and the refrigerant as a condensing heat medium absorbs the steam generated in the absorption solution chamber 2 through the first condensing working medium heat exchanger 50 in the working medium chamber The condensation heat released by condensation in 22, the refrigerant that has absorbed the condensation heat enters the second compressor 90 to realize the refrigerant cycle. When the second vapor compression heat pump subsystem further includes a subcooler 92 and a temperature sensor 98, corresponding adjustments can also be made according to the monitored temperature. The details are as follows: when the temperature sensor 98 detects that the temperature of the refrigerant entering the second compressor 90 exceeds the first set value, increase the flow rate between the first absorption solution heat exchanger 30 and the second expansion valve 95. The cooling heat medium flow rate of the cold fluid side of the cooler 92, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the hot fluid side of the cooler 92; and when the temperature sensor 98 detects that the temperature of the refrigerant entering the second compressor 90 is lower than the first When the set value is two, the flow rate of the cooling heat medium on the cold fluid side of the subcooler 92 is reduced. The specific settings of the first set value and the second set value can be determined according to specific situations, and will not be repeated here.
本实用新型的基于低谷电蓄能的中央空调系统的吸收式热泵子系统蓄能后可通过第二吸收溶液换热器40向外提供热量，通过第二工质换热器60可实现向外提供冷量。举例如下，包括冷凝工质蒸发环节和吸收溶液吸收工质蒸气环节，其中The absorption heat pump subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on low-valley electric energy storage of the utility model can provide heat externally through the second absorption solution heat exchanger 40 after energy storage, and the external heat can be realized through the second working medium heat exchanger 60 Provides cooling. Examples are as follows, including the condensing working medium evaporation link and the absorbing solution absorbing working medium vapor link, among which
冷凝工质蒸发环节，流经第二工质换热器的蒸发热媒为冷凝工质储罐内储存的冷凝工质蒸发提供所需热量，通过第二工质换热器吸收蒸发热媒的热量后蒸发为工质蒸气，为冷凝工质提供了蒸发热的蒸发热媒向外提供冷量，冷凝工质在第二工质换热器60和蒸发器140之间循环，随着冷凝工质蒸发环节的进行，冷凝工质储罐内储存的冷凝工质逐渐减少；中央空调子系统与第二工质换热器形成回路时，即可实现供冷。In the condensing medium evaporation link, the evaporation heat medium flowing through the second working medium heat exchanger provides the required heat for the evaporation of the condensing working medium stored in the condensing medium storage tank, and absorbs the evaporation heat medium through the second working medium heat exchanger After the heat is evaporated into working fluid vapor, the evaporating heat medium that provides evaporation heat for the condensing working fluid provides cooling capacity to the outside, and the condensing working fluid circulates between the second working fluid heat exchanger 60 and the evaporator 140, and as the condensing working fluid With the progress of the evaporation process, the condensed working fluid stored in the condensed working medium storage tank will gradually decrease; when the central air-conditioning subsystem and the second working medium heat exchanger form a loop, cooling can be realized.
吸收溶液吸收工质蒸气环节，吸收溶液吸收冷凝工质蒸发形成的工质蒸气而升温并稀释，升温后的吸收溶液通过第二吸收溶液换热器向流经第二吸收溶液换热器的吸收热媒释放吸收热，吸收了吸收热的吸收热媒可以向外提供热量，稀释后的吸收溶液溶解吸收剂结晶而恢复至饱和浓度，随着吸收溶液吸收工质蒸气环节的进行，吸收溶液承接室的吸收溶液逐渐增加，吸收剂结晶逐渐减少。中央空调子系统与第二吸收溶液换热器形成回路时，即可实现供暖。The absorption solution absorbs the vapor of the working medium. The absorption solution absorbs the working medium vapor formed by the evaporation of the condensed working medium to heat up and dilute. The heated absorption solution passes through the second absorption solution heat exchanger to the second absorption solution heat exchanger. The heat medium releases the heat of absorption, and the absorption heat medium that has absorbed the heat of absorption can provide heat to the outside. The diluted absorption solution dissolves the absorbent crystals and returns to the saturated concentration. As the absorption solution absorbs the working medium vapor, the absorption solution takes over The absorption solution in the chamber increases gradually, and the crystallization of the absorbent decreases gradually. When the central air-conditioning subsystem forms a loop with the second absorption solution heat exchanger, heating can be realized.
工质优选为水；吸收剂为LiBr,LiNO3,LiCl和CaCl2中的任一种或两种以上的混合物；第一以及第二蒸气压缩式热泵子系统的制冷剂为R22、R134a、R407、R410、R600a或R450A等。The working medium is preferably water; the absorbent is any one or a mixture of two or more of LiBr, LiNO3 , LiCl and CaCl2 ; the refrigerants of the first and second vapor compression heat pump subsystems are R22, R134a, R407 , R410, R600a or R450A, etc.
以上所述，仅为本实用新型的具体实施方式，但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此，本实用新型的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720330447.4UCN206875630U (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Central air conditioner system based on low valley power storage |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720330447.4UCN206875630U (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Central air conditioner system based on low valley power storage |
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| CN206875630Utrue CN206875630U (en) | 2018-01-12 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201720330447.4UExpired - Fee RelatedCN206875630U (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Central air conditioner system based on low valley power storage |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN206875630U (en) |
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