技术领域technical field
本实用新型实施例涉及虚拟现实成像光学技术领域，尤其涉及一种光学透镜及虚拟现实VR装置。The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of virtual reality imaging optics, in particular to an optical lens and a virtual reality VR device.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，简称VR)技术是一种基于计算机生成的信息交互，具有一定沉浸感的视觉虚拟环境，人眼通过透镜观察屏幕，由于左右眼所看到的图像视场不一致，从而可以看到立体图像。In recent years, virtual reality (Virtual Reality, referred to as VR) technology is a computer-generated information interaction based on a visual virtual environment with a certain sense of immersion. , so that a stereoscopic image can be seen.
目前市场上用于虚拟现实头盔目镜普遍存在焦距过长、中心厚度太厚的缺陷，增加了使用者负担。在虚拟现实头盔中，焦距、视场、透镜厚度有一定的制约关系。同时满足大视场、短焦距、薄透镜厚度是非常困难的，且考虑到加工难度，透镜边缘厚度也需控制在1mm以上。At present, the eyepieces used for virtual reality helmets in the market generally have the defects of too long focal length and too thick center thickness, which increases the burden on users. In a virtual reality helmet, the focal length, field of view, and lens thickness have certain constraints. It is very difficult to meet the large field of view, short focal length, and thin lens thickness at the same time, and considering the difficulty of processing, the thickness of the lens edge must also be controlled at more than 1mm.
现有技术公开了一种VR眼镜用双凸透镜，双凸透镜主体为两个曲面都外凸的球面镜，但是这样的面型结构将导致边缘图像有非常严重的畸变，并且初级像差较大，双凸透镜的视场角很小。The prior art discloses a biconvex lens for VR glasses. The main body of the biconvex lens is a spherical mirror with two convex surfaces. However, such a surface structure will cause very serious distortion of the edge image, and the primary aberration is large. The angle of view of the convex lens is very small.
现有技术公开了一种扩大视场角的目镜，它之所以有较大的视场角，是因为目镜的两个曲面设计成边缘曲率与中间曲率不同的非球面透镜，且该两个曲面一个是向外凸，另一个是向内凸，根据仿真结果，这样的非球面透镜可有效校正边缘像差，满足大视场角。但是目前存在的问题是：现有设计的目镜的焦距较大，焦距不低于40mm，而且透镜中心厚度也较厚，中心厚度不低于12mm，这样做出来的VR设备重量大，体积大，增加了使用者的负担。The prior art discloses an eyepiece that expands the field of view. The reason why it has a larger field of view is that the two curved surfaces of the eyepiece are designed as aspheric lenses with different curvatures at the edges and in the middle, and the two curved surfaces One is convex outward, and the other is convex inward. According to the simulation results, such an aspheric lens can effectively correct marginal aberrations and satisfy a large field of view. But the current problem is: the focal length of the eyepiece of the existing design is relatively large, the focal length is not less than 40mm, and the thickness of the center of the lens is also relatively thick, and the center thickness is not less than 12mm. The VR equipment produced in this way is heavy and bulky. increase the user's burden.
综上，现有VR透镜在保持大视场角的情况下，VR透镜的中心厚度与焦距往往互相制约，在现有的设计中，满足短焦距时不能满足薄透镜，而当满足薄透镜时，不能满足短焦距。因此，现有的VR目镜不能同时实现大视场角、短焦距、薄厚度。To sum up, when the existing VR lens maintains a large field of view, the central thickness and focal length of the VR lens often restrict each other. In the existing design, when the short focal length is satisfied, the thin lens cannot be satisfied, and when the thin lens is satisfied , cannot satisfy the short focal length. Therefore, existing VR eyepieces cannot achieve a large field of view, short focal length, and thin thickness at the same time.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型提供一种光学透镜及虚拟现实VR装置，用以解决现有虚拟现实装置内光学透镜的短焦距和轻薄不能同时兼备的技术问题。The utility model provides an optical lens and a virtual reality VR device, which is used to solve the technical problem that the short focal length and thinness of the optical lens in the existing virtual reality device cannot be combined at the same time.
本实用新型实施例提供一种光学透镜，所述光学透镜为双凸透镜；所述双凸透镜的两个凸面均为非球面；所述双凸透镜采用折射率大于1.5的材质制备，所述双凸透镜的焦距为20mm～31mm。The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical lens, the optical lens is a biconvex lens; both convex surfaces of the biconvex lens are aspherical; the biconvex lens is made of a material with a refractive index greater than 1.5, and the biconvex lens The focal length is 20mm ~ 31mm.
可选的实施例中，所述双凸透镜的焦距为26.45mm时，所述双凸透镜的中心厚度为8.18mm。In an optional embodiment, when the focal length of the lenticular lens is 26.45 mm, the central thickness of the lenticular lens is 8.18 mm.
可选的实施例中，所述双凸透镜的视场角≥90°。In an optional embodiment, the field angle of the biconvex lens is ≥90°.
可选的实施例中，所述双凸透镜的折射率为1.5～1.65。In an optional embodiment, the biconvex lens has a refractive index of 1.5-1.65.
可选的实施例中，所述双凸透镜的边缘厚度为1.5mm～2.5mm。In an optional embodiment, the edge thickness of the lenticular lens is 1.5mm-2.5mm.
可选的实施例中，所述双凸透镜的外径不小于25mm。In an optional embodiment, the outer diameter of the lenticular lens is not less than 25mm.
可选的实施例中，所述两个凸面为第一曲面和第二曲面，所述第一曲面是以所述第一曲面的中心点为对称中心的旋转对称图形；所述第二曲面是以所述第二曲面的中心点为对称中心的旋转对称图形，其中，所述第一曲面的中心点与所述第二曲面的中心点同轴。In an optional embodiment, the two convex surfaces are a first curved surface and a second curved surface, the first curved surface is a rotationally symmetric figure with the center point of the first curved surface as the center of symmetry; the second curved surface is A rotationally symmetric figure with the center point of the second curved surface as the center of symmetry, wherein the center point of the first curved surface is coaxial with the center point of the second curved surface.
本实用新型实施例中的光学透镜是采用折射率大于1.5的材质制备的，将双凸透镜的焦距减小到20mm～31mm范围内，将双凸透镜的中心厚度和边缘厚度适当的减小，以此缩小双凸透镜的整体体积。相对于现有技术，该光学透镜可以同时具备短焦距和轻薄的优势。The optical lens in the embodiment of the utility model is prepared by using a material with a refractive index greater than 1.5, the focal length of the biconvex lens is reduced to within the range of 20 mm to 31 mm, and the center thickness and edge thickness of the biconvex lens are appropriately reduced. Reduces the overall volume of the lenticular lens. Compared with the prior art, the optical lens can simultaneously have the advantages of short focal length and thinness.
本实用新型实施例提供一种虚拟现实装置，包括上述实施例中的任一光学透镜，还包括与所述光学透镜同轴的显示屏；An embodiment of the present utility model provides a virtual reality device, including any optical lens in the above embodiments, and also includes a display screen coaxial with the optical lens;
所述光学透镜的两个凸面分别为第一曲面和第二曲面，其中，所述第二曲面靠近所述显示屏，所述第一曲面与所述显示屏的中心间距不大于33mm。The two convex surfaces of the optical lens are respectively a first curved surface and a second curved surface, wherein the second curved surface is close to the display screen, and the center distance between the first curved surface and the display screen is not greater than 33mm.
可选的实施例中，所述光学透镜还包括一固定框架，所述固定框架固定在所述光学透镜的外边缘，所述固定框架的厚度与所述光学透镜的边缘厚度一致。In an optional embodiment, the optical lens further includes a fixed frame, the fixed frame is fixed on the outer edge of the optical lens, and the thickness of the fixed frame is consistent with the thickness of the edge of the optical lens.
可选的实施例中，所述固定框架的外径比所述双凸非球面透镜主体的外径大1mm～3mm。In an optional embodiment, the outer diameter of the fixing frame is 1 mm to 3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the biconvex aspheric lens body.
本实用新型实施例中的虚拟现实装置采用了同时具备短焦距和轻薄特点的光学透镜，该光学透镜是采用折射率大于1.5的材质制备的，焦距在20mm～31mm范围内，中心厚度和边缘厚度适当的减小后，第一曲面与显示屏的中心间距不大于33mm，使得光学透镜的整体体积得以减小，进而可有效减小虚拟现实装置的体积。The virtual reality device in the embodiment of the utility model adopts an optical lens with short focal length and light and thin characteristics at the same time. The optical lens is made of a material with a refractive index greater than 1.5, and the focal length is in the range of 20 mm to 31 mm. After proper reduction, the center distance between the first curved surface and the display screen is not greater than 33 mm, so that the overall volume of the optical lens can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the virtual reality device.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本实用新型实施例一起用于解释本实用新型，并不构成对本实用新型的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of the description, and are used to explain the utility model together with the embodiments of the utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the utility model. In the attached picture:
图1a为本发明实施例提供的基于已有专利CN 105785487 A的双凸透镜参数的成像光路示意图；Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the imaging optical path based on the biconvex lens parameters of the existing patent CN 105785487 A provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图1b为基于已有专利CN 105785487 A球面双凸透镜参数得到的仿真数据的示意图；Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of simulation data obtained based on the parameters of the existing patent CN 105785487 A spherical lenticular lens;
图2a为本发明实施例提供的基于已有专利CN 104898267 A的双凸透镜参数的成像光路示意图；Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the imaging optical path based on the biconvex lens parameters of the existing patent CN 104898267 A provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图2b为基于已有专利CN 104898267 A非球面双凸透镜参数得到的仿真数据的示意图；Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of simulation data obtained based on the parameters of the existing patent CN 104898267 A aspheric biconvex lens;
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种光学透镜的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4a为本发明实施例提供的一种光学透镜的成像光路示意图；Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of an imaging optical path of an optical lens provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4b为本发明实施例提供的一种光学透镜的仿真数据的示意图；Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of simulation data of an optical lens provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种VR装置的结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a VR device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的一种带有固定框架的光学透镜的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens with a fixed frame provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本实用新型所解决的技术问题、技术方案以及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合说明书附图对本实用新型的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。并且在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only for illustration and Explanation of the utility model is not intended to limit the utility model. And in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
本实用新型的发明人在研发大视场角、焦距更短、厚度更薄的VR目镜时，分别对现有技术中的球面双凸透镜和非球面双凸透镜的面型以及面型参数进行仿真，其中，球面双凸透镜为两个曲面都外凸的球面透镜，非球面双凸透镜为一个面向外凸，另一个面向内凸的非球面透镜，得到的仿真结果分别为：The inventors of the present utility model simulated the surface shape and surface parameters of the spherical lenticular lens and the aspheric lenticular lens in the prior art respectively when developing a VR eyepiece with a large field of view, a shorter focal length, and a thinner thickness. Among them, the spherical biconvex lens is a spherical lens with two curved surfaces that are convex, and the aspheric biconvex lens is an aspheric lens with one facing outward and the other facing inward. The obtained simulation results are:
请参阅图1a所示，球面双凸透镜应用在虚拟现实装置的成像光路仿真图中，随着视场角在0°～45°的区间的增大，由仿真图可以看出光线在屏幕处不能很好的聚焦，这将导致较大的像差。因此，若通过球面透镜做成相应的透镜，较小的视场角的情况下可以确保图像边缘清晰，但VR头盔一个重要的指标是必须有足够大的视场角度，然而该利用球面双凸透镜的VR头盔在大视场角的情况下，边缘图像极度模糊，无法确保边缘图像的清晰。Please refer to Figure 1a, the spherical lenticular lens is used in the simulation diagram of the imaging optical path of the virtual reality device. As the field of view increases in the range of 0° to 45°, it can be seen from the simulation diagram that the light cannot pass through the screen. Very well focused, which results in large aberrations. Therefore, if the corresponding lens is made of a spherical lens, the edge of the image can be ensured to be clear in the case of a small field of view, but an important indicator of the VR helmet must have a large enough field of view. In the case of a VR headset with a large field of view, the edge image is extremely blurred, which cannot ensure the clarity of the edge image.
图1b为基于球面双凸透镜参数得到的仿真数据，可以看出，双凸透镜的焦距为42.56898mm，瞳孔到显示屏幕的距离为61.5mm，由于出瞳距离10mm，即双凸透镜靠近瞳孔侧的曲面的中心到显示屏幕的距离实际为51.5mm，因此，整体尺寸过大，增加使用者负担。其中，出瞳距离是瞳孔到双凸透镜靠近瞳孔侧的曲面的中心的距离。Figure 1b is the simulation data obtained based on the parameters of the spherical lenticular lens. It can be seen that the focal length of the lenticular lens is 42.56898mm, and the distance from the pupil to the display screen is 61.5mm. Since the exit pupil distance is 10mm, that is, the surface of the lenticular lens near the pupil The actual distance from the center to the display screen is 51.5mm. Therefore, the overall size is too large, which increases the burden on users. Wherein, the exit pupil distance is the distance from the pupil to the center of the curved surface of the lenticular lens near the pupil.
如图2a所示，非球面双凸透镜应用在虚拟现实装置的成像光路仿真图中，因双凸透镜的两个曲面都是非球面，且其中一个球面是外凸，另一个是内凸，有效的矫正了图像边缘的像差。As shown in Figure 2a, the aspheric double-convex lens is used in the imaging optical path simulation diagram of the virtual reality device. Because the two curved surfaces of the double-convex lens are aspherical, and one of the spherical surfaces is convex and the other is convex, it can effectively correct aberrations at the edge of the image.
图2b为基于非球面双凸透镜参数的仿真数据，可以看出，该双凸透镜的焦距为40.54826mm，瞳孔到显示屏幕的距离为66mm，瞳孔到显示屏幕的距离加入了出瞳距离10mm，即双凸透镜靠近瞳孔侧的曲面的中心到显示屏幕的距离实际为56mm，这样的面形能够满足较大的视场角，但是根据其数据模拟得到，其焦距在大于40mm，并且其透镜中心厚度为12～20mm，边缘厚度为1～9mm，中心厚度过厚，尺寸较大，导致镜片重量较重，其次，应用在VR头盔中的光学系统中，增加VR头盔的重量和体积，加重了使用者的负担。Figure 2b is the simulation data based on the parameters of the aspheric lenticular lens. It can be seen that the focal length of the lenticular lens is 40.54826 mm, the distance from the pupil to the display screen is 66 mm, and the distance from the pupil to the display screen is added with the exit pupil distance of 10 mm, that is, the double The actual distance from the center of the curved surface of the convex lens near the pupil to the display screen is 56mm. Such a surface shape can satisfy a large field of view, but according to its data simulation, its focal length is greater than 40mm, and its lens center thickness is 12mm. ～20mm, the edge thickness is 1～9mm, the center thickness is too thick, and the size is large, resulting in heavy lens weight. Secondly, it is used in the optical system of the VR helmet, which increases the weight and volume of the VR helmet and increases the user’s fatigue. burden.
基于上述发现，为了保证较高的成像质量，同时为了减轻使用者负担，增加舒适感，整体减小光学系统尺寸是非常有必要的。Based on the above findings, it is very necessary to reduce the size of the optical system as a whole in order to ensure high imaging quality, reduce the burden on users and increase comfort.
本实用新型实施例提供一种同时具备短焦距和小尺寸的光学透镜，将该短焦距和小尺寸的光学透镜作为虚拟现实装置的目镜使用，可以同时达到广视角和减小虚拟现实装置的体积的目标。显而易见，该光学透镜应用在其他领域，也能达到短焦距、小尺寸、重量轻的效果。下述各实施方案中，仅举例光学透镜应用在虚拟现实装置说明该光学透镜实际应用的有益效果，其他应用领域不再一一例举。The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical lens with both a short focal length and a small size. The optical lens with a short focal length and a small size is used as an eyepiece of a virtual reality device, which can simultaneously achieve a wide viewing angle and reduce the volume of the virtual reality device. The goal. Obviously, the optical lens can also achieve the effects of short focal length, small size and light weight when applied in other fields. In each of the following embodiments, the application of the optical lens in a virtual reality device is only exemplified to illustrate the beneficial effect of the actual application of the optical lens, and other application fields will not be listed one by one.
首先，本实用新型实施例提供的光学透镜为两个凸面均为非球面的双凸透镜，请参阅图3和图4a，双凸透镜101的两个凸面分别为第一曲面102和第二曲面103，第一曲面102和第二曲面103的外凸方向相反，可以保证光学透镜的视场角≥90°，当该双凸透镜101应用在虚拟现实设备时，第一曲面102朝向观看侧，第二曲面103朝向虚拟现实设备的显示屏幕。显而易见，第一曲面102也可朝向显示屏幕，而第二曲面103朝向观看侧。且本实用新型实施例提供的光学透镜的折射率＞1.5，使得光学透镜的焦距可减小至20mm～31mm的范围，实现了短焦距的光学透镜。进一步的，当该虚拟现实装置中采用该光学透镜时，第一曲面的中心与显示屏距离不大于33mm，使得该虚拟现实装置的体积较小。First of all, the optical lens provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a biconvex lens whose two convex surfaces are aspheric surfaces, please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4a, the two convex surfaces of the biconvex lens 101 are respectively the first curved surface 102 and the second curved surface 103, The convex directions of the first curved surface 102 and the second curved surface 103 are opposite, which can ensure that the viewing angle of the optical lens is ≥ 90°. When the lenticular lens 101 is applied to a virtual reality device, the first curved surface 102 faces the viewing side, and the second curved surface 103 faces the display screen of the virtual reality device. Obviously, the first curved surface 102 can also face the display screen, while the second curved surface 103 faces the viewing side. Moreover, the refractive index of the optical lens provided by the embodiment of the utility model is greater than 1.5, so that the focal length of the optical lens can be reduced to a range of 20 mm to 31 mm, realizing an optical lens with a short focal length. Further, when the optical lens is used in the virtual reality device, the distance between the center of the first curved surface and the display screen is not greater than 33mm, so that the volume of the virtual reality device is small.
由上可知，本实用新型的光学透镜通过采用双面外凸的非球面透镜实现了大视场角，在控制光学透镜的折射率大于1.5的同时使得光学透镜的焦距可设置为小于31mm(现有技术的光学透镜的折射率通常小于1.5，例如现有技术通常采用PMMA的材料制作，而该PMMA的折射率为1.49，因而现有技术的光学透镜的焦距是无法设计到小于31mm的，一般在40mm左右)，从而最终同时实现了光学透镜的大视场角、短焦距，并使得应用该光学透镜的虚拟现实装置具备大视场角、短焦距及体积小的优点。As can be seen from the above, the optical lens of the present utility model realizes a large viewing angle by adopting a double-sided convex aspheric lens, and the focal length of the optical lens can be set to be less than 31mm (now The refractive index of the optical lens of prior art is usually less than 1.5, and for example prior art usually adopts the material of PMMA to make, and the refractive index of this PMMA is 1.49, thus the focal length of optical lens of prior art cannot be designed to be less than 31mm, generally about 40mm), thereby finally realizing the large viewing angle and short focal length of the optical lens at the same time, and making the virtual reality device using the optical lens have the advantages of large viewing angle, short focal length and small volume.
即可选的，在一些实施例中，双凸透镜101的折射率可选的范围为1.5～1.65之间，具体可选例如为：1.53，1.54，1.58，1.62，1.63等等，材质可以为塑料。That is, in some embodiments, the optional range of the refractive index of the lenticular lens 101 is between 1.5 and 1.65, for example: 1.53, 1.54, 1.58, 1.62, 1.63, etc., and the material can be plastic .
在控制透镜的折射率的同时，为了使应用该光学透镜的虚拟现实装置的光学结构更加紧凑，整体进一步减小虚拟现实装置的体积，双凸透镜101的第一曲面102的中心到显示屏幕的距离最大为33mm，如第一曲面102的中心到显示屏幕的距离为30.5mm，且双凸透镜的焦距控制在20mm～31mm范围内。显而易见，应用该光学透镜的其他光学装置的光学结构也会减小。While controlling the refractive index of the lens, in order to make the optical structure of the virtual reality device using the optical lens more compact and further reduce the volume of the virtual reality device as a whole, the distance from the center of the first curved surface 102 of the lenticular lens 101 to the display screen The maximum is 33mm, for example, the distance from the center of the first curved surface 102 to the display screen is 30.5mm, and the focal length of the lenticular lens is controlled within the range of 20mm-31mm. Obviously, the optical structure of other optical devices using the optical lens will also be reduced.
在虚拟现实装置的体积缩小的同时，为保证较好的成像质量、低色散，且使得双凸透镜重量较轻进而使得该虚拟现实装置的重量较轻，双凸透镜101的中心厚度控制在6.5mm～10mm之间。为了同时使得虚拟现实装置的重量较轻，双凸透镜101的焦距设置在20mm～31mm范围内(包括20mm和31mm)。例如：当双凸透镜101的焦距为30mm时，双凸透镜101的中心厚度最薄可以达到6.5mm；双凸透镜101的中心厚度为10mm时，双凸透镜101的焦距最小可达20mm。While the volume of the virtual reality device is reduced, in order to ensure better imaging quality, low dispersion, and make the weight of the lenticular lens lighter and thus make the weight of the virtual reality device lighter, the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is controlled at 6.5mm~ Between 10mm. In order to make the weight of the virtual reality device lighter at the same time, the focal length of the lenticular lens 101 is set within the range of 20mm-31mm (including 20mm and 31mm). For example: when the focal length of the lenticular lens 101 is 30mm, the thinnest central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 can reach 6.5mm; when the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 10mm, the minimum focal length of the lenticular lens 101 can reach 20mm.
优选的，为了使双凸透镜101具有较高的成像质量进而使得应用该双凸透镜的虚拟现实装置具有较高的成像质量，双凸透镜101设置为轴对称形状，具体的，第一曲面102是以第一曲面102的中心点为对称中心的旋转对称图形；第二曲面103是以第二曲面103的中心点为对称中心的旋转对称图形，其中，第一曲面102的中心点与第二曲面103的中心点同轴。Preferably, in order to make the lenticular lens 101 have higher imaging quality and thus make the virtual reality device using the lenticular lens have higher imaging quality, the lenticular lens 101 is set in an axisymmetric shape, specifically, the first curved surface 102 is based on the second The center point of a curved surface 102 is a rotationally symmetric figure with the center of symmetry; the second curved surface 103 is a rotationally symmetric figure with the center point of the second curved surface 103 as the center of symmetry, wherein the center point of the first curved surface 102 is the same as that of the second curved surface 103 The center point is coaxial.
因第一曲面102和第二曲面103都是非球面，在一款光学透镜产品的设计中，需要调整光学透镜的两个非球面的非球面参数，来获得同时具备短焦距、薄厚度的光学透镜。Because the first curved surface 102 and the second curved surface 103 are both aspherical, in the design of an optical lens product, it is necessary to adjust the aspheric parameters of the two aspheric surfaces of the optical lens to obtain an optical lens with short focal length and thin thickness .
例如，通过设计双凸透镜101的第一曲面102和第二曲面103的非球面系数，可以满足双凸透镜101的焦距为20mm，双凸透镜101的中心厚度为10mm的边界条件。第一曲面102和第二曲面103的非球面系数可以有多种。For example, by designing the aspheric coefficients of the first curved surface 102 and the second curved surface 103 of the lenticular lens 101, the boundary conditions that the focal length of the lenticular lens 101 is 20 mm and the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 10 mm can be met. The aspheric coefficients of the first curved surface 102 and the second curved surface 103 can be various.
其中，非球面系数的表达式如下：Among them, the expression of the aspheric coefficient is as follows:
其中，z为非球面的矢高，c为非球面的曲率，r为非球面在XY坐标平面的半径，k为圆锥系数，α1至α8为非球面系数。Among them, z is the sagittal height of the aspheric surface, c is the curvature of the aspheric surface, r is the radius of the aspheric surface on the XY coordinate plane, k is the cone coefficient, and α1 to α8 are the aspheric surface coefficients.
一种可选的实施例中，满足双凸透镜101的焦距为20mm，双凸透镜101的中心厚度为10mm的边界条件时，第一曲面102的非球面系数参见表1，第二曲面103的非球面系数参见表2。In an optional embodiment, when the boundary conditions that the focal length of the lenticular lens 101 is 20 mm and the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 10 mm are met, see Table 1 for the aspheric coefficient of the first curved surface 102, and the aspheric surface of the second curved surface 103 See Table 2 for coefficients.
一种可选的实施例中，满足双凸透镜101的焦距为30mm，双凸透镜101的中心厚度为6.5mm的边界条件时，第一曲面102的非球面参数参见表3，第二曲面103的非球面参数表4。In an optional embodiment, when the boundary conditions that the focal length of the lenticular lens 101 is 30 mm and the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 6.5 mm are met, see Table 3 for the aspheric parameters of the first curved surface 102, and the aspheric parameters of the second curved surface 103 Table 4 of spherical parameters.
一种优选实施例中，采用折射率大于1.5的透镜材质PC，并设计出的第一曲面102的非球面参数(参见表5)和第二曲面103的非球面参数(参见表6)，满足双凸透镜101的焦距为26.45mm，双凸透镜101的中心厚度为8.18mm，双凸透镜101的外径为29mm。In a preferred embodiment, the lens material PC with a refractive index greater than 1.5 is adopted, and the aspheric parameters (see Table 5) of the first curved surface 102 and the aspheric parameters (see Table 6) of the designed first curved surface 103 are designed, satisfying The focal length of the lenticular lens 101 is 26.45mm, the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 8.18mm, and the outer diameter of the lenticular lens 101 is 29mm.
进一步的，本实用新型的任一实施例中，双凸透镜101的外径不小于25mm。为了防止人眼睫毛扫到临近人眼的第一曲面102，需要在人眼和第一曲面102之间保留一定的出瞳距离，其中，出瞳距离一般在10mm～25mm。Further, in any embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the lenticular lens 101 is not less than 25 mm. In order to prevent the eyelashes of the human eye from sweeping against the first curved surface 102 close to the human eye, it is necessary to keep a certain exit pupil distance between the human eye and the first curved surface 102, wherein the exit pupil distance is generally 10mm-25mm.
表1Table 1
表2Table 2
表3table 3
表4Table 4
表5table 5
表6Table 6
同时，假如出瞳直径为5mm，出瞳距离为10mm，视场角为90°时，根据几何关系可知，双凸透镜101的外径尺寸应不小于25mm。At the same time, if the exit pupil diameter is 5 mm, the exit pupil distance is 10 mm, and the viewing angle is 90°, according to the geometric relationship, the outer diameter of the lenticular lens 101 should not be less than 25 mm.
对于出瞳直径很小的系统，不同的使用者必须进行瞳距的调节，这给使用者带来不必要的麻烦。当上述双凸透镜101应用在虚拟现实装置时，因出瞳直径较大，所以对瞳距的调节要求很低，很大程度的可以减少因需要调节瞳距给使用者使用虚拟现实装置带来的麻烦。For a system with a small exit pupil diameter, different users must adjust the interpupillary distance, which brings unnecessary trouble to the user. When the above-mentioned lenticular lens 101 is applied to a virtual reality device, because the diameter of the exit pupil is large, the adjustment requirement for the interpupillary distance is very low, which can greatly reduce the need to adjust the interpupillary distance for the user to use the virtual reality device. trouble.
在上述任一实施例中，为了进一步减轻双凸透镜的重量，双凸透镜的边缘厚度为1.5mm～2.5mm。In any of the above embodiments, in order to further reduce the weight of the lenticular lens, the edge thickness of the lenticular lens is 1.5mm-2.5mm.
根据透镜加工工艺，双凸透镜101的边缘厚度d>0.04D，其中，D为双凸透镜101的外径，因本实用新型实施例中，D≥25mm，因此双凸透镜101的边缘厚度d满足：d>1mm。但从加工的难易程度来看，双凸透镜101的边缘厚度不宜太薄，为使透镜容易加工且保证面型精度，双凸透镜101的边缘厚度至少为1.5mm，且为确保整体缩小双凸透镜101的厚度，双凸透镜101的边缘厚度最大为2.5mm。所以，本实用新型实施例中，双凸透镜101的边缘厚度为1.5mm～2.5mm。According to the lens processing technology, the edge thickness d of the lenticular lens 101>0.04D, wherein, D is the outer diameter of the lenticular lens 101, because in the embodiment of the utility model, D≥25mm, so the edge thickness d of the lenticular lens 101 satisfies: d >1mm. However, from the perspective of the ease of processing, the edge thickness of the lenticular lens 101 should not be too thin. In order to make the lens easy to process and ensure the surface accuracy, the edge thickness of the lenticular lens 101 should be at least 1.5mm, and to ensure the overall reduction of the lenticular lens 101 The thickness of the edge of the lenticular lens 101 is at most 2.5mm. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the edge thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 1.5mm˜2.5mm.
在一最佳实施例中，双凸透镜101的两个曲面为非球面以确保视场角FOV≥90°，双凸透镜101选取折射率＞1.5的PC材质，双凸透镜101的焦距≤30mm，且双凸透镜101的边缘厚度≥1.5mm，双凸透镜101的中心厚度为6.5mm～10mm，双凸透镜101的外径尺寸在25mm～32mm。该种双凸透镜视场角大、焦距短且重量轻。且进一步的在优选的虚拟现实装置中，优选该种双凸透镜，使得该虚拟现实装置的视场角大、重量轻、焦距短且同时使得该虚拟现实装置的整体体积小。仿真出的双凸透镜101的成像光路图参见图4a，通过图4a可以看出，视场角在0°～45°范围内的像差满足目视系统要求，由于本实用新型实施例的光学透镜的两个凸面都为旋转对称图形，该透镜的视场角为0～90°都可以有很高的成像质量，大的视场角给用户更好的沉浸感。In a preferred embodiment, the two curved surfaces of the lenticular lens 101 are aspherical to ensure that the field of view FOV≥90°, the lenticular lens 101 is made of PC material with a refractive index>1.5, the focal length of the lenticular lens 101≤30mm, and the double The edge thickness of the convex lens 101 is greater than or equal to 1.5mm, the central thickness of the lenticular lens 101 is 6.5mm-10mm, and the outer diameter of the lenticular lens 101 is 25mm-32mm. The biconvex lens has a large viewing angle, a short focal length and light weight. And further, in the preferred virtual reality device, the lenticular lens is preferred, so that the virtual reality device has a large field of view, light weight, short focal length and at the same time makes the overall volume of the virtual reality device small. The imaging optical path diagram of the simulated biconvex lens 101 is shown in Fig. 4a. It can be seen from Fig. 4a that the aberration of the viewing angle in the range of 0° to 45° meets the requirements of the visual system. The two convex surfaces of the lens are rotationally symmetrical figures, and the field of view of the lens is 0-90°, which can have high imaging quality, and the large field of view gives users a better sense of immersion.
根据本实用新型实施例提供的双凸透镜101的焦距、中心厚度、边缘厚度、外径尺寸，以及两个凸面的非球面参数，仿真出的光学透镜的光学系统数据，参见图4b，从图4b中可以看出，该光学透镜的焦距只有26.45mm(即表中的Effective focal length)，总长度(人眼到显示屏的距离)仅有40.18mm(即表中的total track，该尺寸加入了出瞳距离10mm)，也即双凸透镜靠近瞳孔侧的曲面的中心到显示屏幕的距离仅为30.18mm，极大的减小了光学系统尺寸，因此应用在虚拟现实装置中时，使得该虚拟现实装置同时具备大视角、短焦距和轻薄的特点，可减轻使用者的佩戴负担。According to the focal length, center thickness, edge thickness, and outer diameter of the biconvex lens 101 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the aspherical parameters of the two convex surfaces, the optical system data of the simulated optical lens are shown in Figure 4b, from Figure 4b It can be seen from the figure that the focal length of the optical lens is only 26.45mm (that is, the Effective focal length in the table), and the total length (the distance from the human eye to the display screen) is only 40.18mm (that is, the total track in the table, which is added to the The exit pupil distance is 10mm), that is, the distance from the center of the curved surface of the biconvex lens near the pupil to the display screen is only 30.18mm, which greatly reduces the size of the optical system. Therefore, when applied in a virtual reality device, the virtual reality The device has the characteristics of large viewing angle, short focal length and thinness at the same time, which can reduce the wearing burden of the user.
基于相同的发明构思，本实用新型实施例提供一种如图5所示的虚拟现实装置，该虚拟现实装置100包括上述任一实施方式中的光学透镜，该光学透镜为包括两个凸面的双凸透镜101，还包括与光学透镜同轴的显示屏105；Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a virtual reality device as shown in FIG. The convex lens 101 also includes a display screen 105 coaxial with the optical lens;
光学透镜的两个凸面分别为第一曲面102和第二曲面103，其中，第二曲面103靠近显示屏105，第一曲面102的中心与显示屏的距离不大于33mm。The two convex surfaces of the optical lens are respectively a first curved surface 102 and a second curved surface 103, wherein the second curved surface 103 is close to the display screen 105, and the distance between the center of the first curved surface 102 and the display screen is not more than 33 mm.
较佳的实施例中，第一曲面102是以第一曲面102的中心点为对称中心的旋转对称图形；第二曲面103是以第二曲面103的中心点为对称中心的旋转对称图形，其中，第一曲面102的中心点与第二曲面103的中心点同轴。In a preferred embodiment, the first curved surface 102 is a rotationally symmetric figure with the center point of the first curved surface 102 as the center of symmetry; the second curved surface 103 is a rotationally symmetric figure with the center point of the second curved surface 103 as the center of symmetry, wherein , the center point of the first curved surface 102 is coaxial with the center point of the second curved surface 103 .
此外，为了便于透镜安装，本实用新型实施例中的光学透镜还包括一固定框架104，固定框架104固定在双凸透镜101的外边缘，如图5和图6所示。In addition, in order to facilitate lens installation, the optical lens in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a fixing frame 104, which is fixed on the outer edge of the lenticular lens 101, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 .
可选的，本实用新型实施例中，固定框架104的外径比双凸透镜101的外径大1mm～3mm。Optionally, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the outer diameter of the fixing frame 104 is 1 mm to 3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the lenticular lens 101 .
可选的，如图5所示，固定框架104的厚度与双凸透镜101的边缘厚度一致。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5 , the thickness of the fixing frame 104 is consistent with the edge thickness of the lenticular lens 101 .
可选的，本实用新型实施例中，第一曲面102、第二曲面103为非球面、自由曲面中的任意一种。Optionally, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the first curved surface 102 and the second curved surface 103 are any one of an aspheric surface and a free curved surface.
可选的，本实用新型实施例中，固定框架104的外沿可以是圆形、椭圆、多边形的任意一种。本实施例的固定框架104首选圆形。Optionally, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the outer edge of the fixing frame 104 may be any one of circle, ellipse and polygon. The fixed frame 104 of this embodiment is preferably circular.
本实用新型实施例中的虚拟现实装置采用了同时具备短焦距和轻薄特点的光学透镜，该光学透镜是采用折射率大于1.5的材质制备的，焦距在20mm～31mm范围内，中心厚度和边缘厚度适当的减小后，第一曲面与显示屏的中心间距不大于33mm，使得光学透镜的整体体积得以减小，进而可有效减小虚拟现实装置的体积。The virtual reality device in the embodiment of the utility model adopts an optical lens with short focal length and light and thin characteristics at the same time. The optical lens is made of a material with a refractive index greater than 1.5, and the focal length is in the range of 20 mm to 31 mm. After proper reduction, the center distance between the first curved surface and the display screen is not greater than 33 mm, so that the overall volume of the optical lens can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the virtual reality device.
尽管已描述了本实用新型的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本实用新型范围的所有变更和修改。While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted to cover the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the present invention.
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本实用新型进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围。这样，倘若本实用新型的这些修改和变型属于本实用新型权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本实用新型也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the utility model fall within the scope of the claims of the utility model and equivalent technologies thereof, the utility model is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
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| CN201621349769.5UCN206362959U (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | A kind of optical lens and Virtual Reality device |
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| CN201621349769.5UCN206362959U (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | A kind of optical lens and Virtual Reality device |
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| CN108931854A (en)* | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-04 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | Adjusting method, device and the virtual reality device of the resolution ratio of virtual reality |
| CN109597203A (en)* | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-09 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | A kind of optical system and VR equipment |
| CN115291382A (en)* | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Eyepiece lens system and near-to-eye display device |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108931854A (en)* | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-04 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | Adjusting method, device and the virtual reality device of the resolution ratio of virtual reality |
| CN109597203A (en)* | 2018-11-16 | 2019-04-09 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | A kind of optical system and VR equipment |
| CN115291382A (en)* | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Eyepiece lens system and near-to-eye display device |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20170728 |