技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种岩土参数测定装置，具体涉及一种原状土有效孔隙度测定装置，属于水文地质学实验装置技术领域。The utility model relates to a measuring device for rock and soil parameters, in particular to a measuring device for the effective porosity of undisturbed soil, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogeological experimental devices.
背景技术Background technique
在地下水渗流、人工回灌地下水、不同含水层之间相互补给、浅层地下水可开采量计算、农田灌溉与排水计算、地下水原位修复、海水入侵等关于地下水运动研究过程中需要对地下水滞留、释出和传输能力进行测量，而地下水滞留、释出和传输能力主要受到岩土有效孔隙度的影响，因此有效孔隙度不仅直接影响到计算与研究成果的准确性，还能够对其他水文地质参数进行预测估算。随着地下水资源的不断开发与利用，人们开始探究测定有效孔隙度及其与地下水运移速率之间的定量关系。Groundwater retention, The groundwater retention, release, and transport capabilities are mainly affected by the effective porosity of rock and soil. Therefore, the effective porosity not only directly affects the accuracy of calculation and research results, but also affects other hydrogeological parameters. Make forecast estimates. With the continuous development and utilization of groundwater resources, people began to explore the quantitative relationship between effective porosity and groundwater migration rate.
岩土的有效孔隙度为重力水流动的孔隙体积(不包括不连通的死孔隙和不流动的结合水所占据的空间)与岩石体积(包括孔隙体积)之比。岩土有效孔隙度用ne表示，是重要的水文地质参数。目前测定有效孔隙度的装置只能够在低渗透性岩石和酒槽槽醅等试样，例如中国专利公布的CN103674804A和CN102141502A，它们分别针对低渗透性岩石和酒槽槽醅测定有效孔隙度，不适用于松散岩土的有效孔隙度的测定。The effective porosity of rock and soil is the ratio of the pore volume where gravity water flows (excluding the space occupied by disconnected dead pores and immobile bound water) to the rock volume (including pore volume). The effective porosity of rock and soil is represented byne , which is an important hydrogeological parameter. At present, the device for measuring effective porosity can only be used on samples such as low-permeability rocks and fermented grains in wine tanks, such as CN103674804A and CN102141502A published by Chinese patents, which measure effective porosity for low-permeability rocks and fermented grains in wine tanks respectively It is suitable for the determination of effective porosity of loose rock and soil.
综上所述，当前的有效孔隙度测定装置只能够测定低渗透性岩石、蓬松物质如酒槽槽醅，缺少一种能够测定松散岩土的有效孔隙度测定装置。To sum up, the current effective porosity measuring devices can only measure low-permeability rocks and fluffy materials such as wine tank unstrained spirits, and there is a lack of an effective porosity measuring device that can measure loose rock and soil.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于解决现有技术存在的问题，并提供一种能够测定松散岩土的有效孔隙度的测定装置。The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a measuring device capable of measuring the effective porosity of loose rock and soil.
实现本实用新型目的所采用的技术方案为，一种原状土有效孔隙度测定装置，至少包括供水单元、渗流单元和检测单元，供水单元与渗流单元连通，所述渗流单元包括原状柱、密封座、底部滤板和支撑组件，液体分流器位于原状柱的顶端并且与原状柱连通，原状柱固定于支撑组件中，密封座与原状柱下端连接封闭原状柱，底部滤板位于原状柱的下方并且固定于密封座中，底部滤板与密封座构成检测腔，所述原状柱由1个以上空心柱拼接构成，空心柱的端部为楔形凸边或与楔形凸边相匹配的楔形凹槽，位于顶部的空心柱顶面为平面，密封座的上端为楔形凹槽或楔形凸边，密封座与原状柱通过楔形凹槽与楔形凸边扣合连接；所述检测单元包括显示器、流量计和1个以上电阻率传感器，流量计通过密封座固定并且与检测腔连通，电阻率传感器位于检测腔中，显示器位于检测腔外并且通过导线与电阻率传感器电性连接。The technical solution adopted to realize the purpose of this utility model is, a device for measuring the effective porosity of undisturbed soil, at least including a water supply unit, a seepage unit and a detection unit, the water supply unit is connected with the seepage unit, and the seepage unit includes an undisturbed column, a sealing seat , the bottom filter plate and the support assembly, the liquid divider is located at the top of the original column and communicated with the original column, the original column is fixed in the support assembly, the sealing seat is connected to the lower end of the original column to close the original column, the bottom filter plate is located below the original column and Fixed in the sealing seat, the bottom filter plate and the sealing seat constitute the detection chamber, the original column is composed of more than one hollow column, the end of the hollow column is a wedge-shaped convex edge or a wedge-shaped groove matching the wedge-shaped convex edge, The top surface of the hollow column at the top is a plane, and the upper end of the sealing seat is a wedge-shaped groove or a wedge-shaped convex edge, and the sealing seat and the original column are fastened and connected with the wedge-shaped convex edge through the wedge-shaped groove; the detection unit includes a display, a flow meter and More than one resistivity sensor, the flowmeter is fixed through the sealing seat and communicated with the detection chamber, the resistivity sensor is located in the detection chamber, and the display is located outside the detection chamber and is electrically connected to the resistivity sensor through wires.
所述供水单元包括供水箱和水头调节组件，供水箱固定于水头调节组件上，供水箱的中部设有分隔板，供水箱通过分隔板分隔为两个完全相同的内腔，两个内腔中均设有低于供水箱高度的溢水板，两个内腔均通过溢水板分隔为供水腔和溢流腔，供水箱上设有与供水腔连通的供水口和进水口以及与溢流腔连通的排水口，供水箱通过安装于供水口上的供水管与渗流单元连通，两个内腔的进水口中均设有进水管、排水口中均设有排水管，排水管通过三通接口连通进水管，进水管位于三通接口与进水口之间的管段上安装有水泵。The water supply unit includes a water supply tank and a water head adjustment assembly. The water supply tank is fixed on the water head adjustment assembly. A partition plate is provided in the middle of the water supply tank. The water supply tank is divided into two identical inner chambers by the partition board. There are overflow plates lower than the height of the water supply tank in the cavity, and the two inner cavities are divided into a water supply cavity and an overflow cavity by the overflow plate. The water supply tank is connected to the seepage unit through the water supply pipe installed on the water supply port. The water inlets of the two inner cavities are equipped with water inlet pipes, and the drain outlets are equipped with drain pipes. The drain pipes are connected through the three-way interface. The water inlet pipe is located on the pipe section between the tee interface and the water inlet, and a water pump is installed on the water inlet pipe.
所述水头调节组件包括底座、滑动柱、水箱支座和滑动调节器，滑动柱固定于底座上，滑动柱上沿轴向设有卡扣，滑动调节器套于滑动柱上并且通过卡扣限位，水箱支座固定于滑动调节器上，所述卡扣为限位凸起。The water head adjustment assembly includes a base, a sliding column, a water tank support and a sliding regulator, the sliding column is fixed on the base, the sliding column is provided with buckles along the axial direction, the sliding regulator is sleeved on the sliding column and is limited by the buckle. position, the water tank support is fixed on the slide regulator, and the buckle is a limit protrusion.
所述滑动调节器由升降摇手、滑动套和固定套筒构成，固定套筒与滑动套下部螺纹连接，所述滑动套的上部中设有销轴，升降摇手的其中一端为圆管，圆管套于销轴上并且与销轴间隙配合，升降摇手的另一端突出于滑动套外，圆管的外表面以及滑动套下部的内表面上均设有限位凸起。The sliding regulator is composed of a lifting handle, a sliding sleeve and a fixed sleeve. The fixing sleeve is threadedly connected to the lower part of the sliding sleeve. A pin shaft is arranged in the upper part of the sliding sleeve. Sleeved on the pin shaft and matched with the pin shaft in clearance, the other end of the lifting handle protrudes outside the sliding sleeve, and the outer surface of the circular tube and the inner surface of the lower part of the sliding sleeve are provided with limiting protrusions.
所述供水单元通过位于渗流单元上的液体均分单元与渗流单元连通，所述液体均分单元包括相互连通的溢水管和液体分流器，供水管的出水口位于液体分流器上部的中心，所述液体分流器由原样柱渗流板、固定管和1块以上筛板构成，原样柱渗流板和各筛板从下至上顺序分布于固定管中，原样柱渗流板和筛板均为孔板，原样柱渗流板与筛板的孔径和孔分布密度均不相同，溢水管连通于原样柱渗流板与位于底部的筛板之间。The water supply unit communicates with the seepage unit through the liquid equalizing unit located on the seepage unit. The liquid equalizing unit includes an overflow pipe and a liquid diverter connected to each other. The water outlet of the water supply pipe is located at the center of the upper part of the liquid diverter. The liquid splitter is composed of the original column seepage plate, fixed pipe and more than one sieve plate, the original column seepage plate and each sieve plate are distributed in the fixed pipe from bottom to top, the original column seepage plate and the sieve plate are all orifice plates, The pore diameter and hole distribution density of the original column seepage plate and the sieve plate are different, and the overflow pipe is connected between the original column seepage plate and the sieve plate at the bottom.
所述液体分流器由固定管以及从上至下顺序固定于固定管中的第一筛板、第二筛板、第三筛板和原样柱渗流板构成，第一筛板和第二筛板的渗水区中均设有挡水区，所述挡水区位于所在筛板的中心或边缘。The liquid flow divider is composed of a fixed pipe and the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the original column percolation plate fixed in the fixed pipe from top to bottom, the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate Water-retaining areas are provided in the seepage areas, and the water-retaining areas are located at the center or edge of the sieve plate.
第三筛板与原样柱渗流板之间的竖直间距为1cm，溢水管连通于原样柱渗流板上方0.5cm处。The vertical distance between the third sieve plate and the seepage plate of the original column is 1 cm, and the overflow pipe is connected to 0.5 cm above the seepage plate of the original column.
所述支撑组件包括支撑板、支撑柱、固定环和支撑固定器，支撑柱安装于支撑板上，固定环套于原状柱上并且位于空心柱的拼接处，支撑固定器套于支撑柱上，固定环和支撑固定器通过螺纹紧固件连接，固定环和支撑固定器均由两个耳状半圆环通过螺纹紧固件连接构成，螺纹紧固件位于耳状半圆环的耳部。The support assembly includes a support plate, a support column, a fixing ring and a support fixture, the support column is installed on the support plate, the fixing ring is sleeved on the original column and is located at the joint of the hollow column, and the support fixture is sleeved on the support column, The fixing ring and the supporting fixture are connected by threaded fasteners, and both the fixing ring and the supporting fixture are composed of two ear-shaped semicircular rings connected by threaded fasteners, and the threaded fasteners are located at the ears of the ear-shaped semicircular rings.
所述密封座的底部设有与检测腔连通的流量测定管，流量计固定于流量测定管中。The bottom of the sealing seat is provided with a flow measurement tube communicating with the detection cavity, and the flow meter is fixed in the flow measurement tube.
所述检测腔中固定有3个电阻率传感器，3个电阻率传感器沿密封座圆周方向均布。Three resistivity sensors are fixed in the detection chamber, and the three resistivity sensors are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing seat.
由上述技术方案可知，本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置，主体包括供水单元、渗流单元和检测单元，渗流单元包括原状柱、密封座、底部滤板和支撑组件，原状柱为原状土试样取样和渗流场所，原状柱由1个以上空心柱拼接构成，空心柱的端部为楔形凸边或与楔形凸边相匹配的楔形凹槽，取样时将空心柱的楔形凸边插入土壤，使用打击物用力锤击该空心柱的楔形凹槽端，当取样点土样最高点达到楔形凹槽端后，将空心柱整体取出，若需要的原状土试样长度较长，当取样点土样最高点达到楔形凹槽端后，将下一个空心柱的楔形凸边插入上一个空心柱的楔形凹槽中，重复锤击，依次所有空心柱插入并整体取出，现场取样不会破坏原状土原有的内部空隙结构，保证测试结果的有效性，原样柱同时为原状土试样的渗流场所，密封座与原状柱下端连接封闭原状柱，底部滤板固定于密封座中构成检测腔，原状土试样的渗流水经底部滤板过滤后汇聚于检测腔中；检测单元用于检测渗流水的流速和离子浓度。It can be seen from the above technical solution that the device for measuring effective porosity of undisturbed soil provided by the utility model has a main body including a water supply unit, a seepage unit and a detection unit. Soil sample sampling and seepage site, the original column is composed of more than one hollow column, the end of the hollow column is a wedge-shaped convex edge or a wedge-shaped groove matching the wedge-shaped convex edge, when sampling, insert the wedge-shaped convex edge of the hollow column For soil, use a striking object to hammer the wedge-shaped groove end of the hollow column. When the highest point of the soil sample at the sampling point reaches the wedge-shaped groove end, take out the hollow column as a whole. If the undisturbed soil sample length is longer, when sampling After the highest point of the soil sample reaches the end of the wedge-shaped groove, insert the wedge-shaped convex edge of the next hollow column into the wedge-shaped groove of the previous hollow column, repeat the hammering, and insert all the hollow columns in turn and take them out as a whole, and the on-site sampling will not be damaged The original internal void structure of the undisturbed soil ensures the validity of the test results. The original column is also the seepage place for the undisturbed soil sample. The sealing seat is connected to the lower end of the undisturbed column to seal the undisturbed column. The bottom filter plate is fixed in the sealing seat to form a detection chamber. , the seepage water of the undisturbed soil sample is filtered by the bottom filter plate and then converged in the detection chamber; the detection unit is used to detect the flow velocity and ion concentration of the seepage water.
原状土有效孔隙度测定装置的供水单元中包含供水箱和水头调节组件，通过水头调节组件可调节供水箱中水的位置水头，供水箱中设置溢水板，供水箱通过溢水板分隔为供水腔和溢流腔，从而实现定水头控制；水头调节组件采用摇动上升和卡扣限位的结构，高度调节组件包括底座、滑动柱、水箱支座和滑动调节器，滑动柱上卡扣，滑动调节器套于滑动柱上并且通过卡扣限位，滑动调节器由升降摇手、滑动套和固定套筒构成，升降摇手可相对于滑动套上下摇动，由于升降摇手靠近滑动柱的端部表面同样设置卡扣，升降摇手摇动上升的过程相当于卡扣啮合的过程，调节到合适位置后通过固定套筒锁紧滑动套，该机构结构简单、调节方便并且限位稳固。The water supply unit of the device for measuring the effective porosity of undisturbed soil includes a water supply tank and a water head adjustment assembly. The water head in the water supply tank can be adjusted through the water head adjustment assembly. An overflow plate is set in the water supply tank, and the water supply tank is divided into a water supply chamber and a water supply chamber by the overflow plate. The overflow cavity realizes constant water head control; the water head adjustment component adopts the structure of shaking up and buckle limit, and the height adjustment component includes a base, a sliding column, a water tank support and a sliding regulator, the buckle on the sliding column, and the sliding regulator It is set on the sliding column and is limited by buckles. The sliding regulator is composed of a lifting handle, a sliding sleeve and a fixed sleeve. The lifting handle can swing up and down relative to the sliding sleeve. Since the lifting handle is close to the end surface of the sliding column, a card is also set. Buckle, the process of lifting and shaking the hand is equivalent to the process of buckle engagement. After adjusting to the appropriate position, the sliding sleeve is locked by the fixing sleeve. The mechanism is simple in structure, easy to adjust and stable in position.
供水箱设置为左右对称结构，内部通过分隔板分隔为两个完全相同的内腔，其中一个用于渗流供水，另一个为备用腔，两个内腔均连接有供水管，供水管的另一端连接液体均分单元，当需要更换渗流液体时，直接将原液体均分单元拿下，将另一个液体均分单元放置于原样柱顶端，通过密封胶密封后即可继续进行渗流；每个内腔通过溢水板分隔为供水腔和溢流腔，排水管通过三通接口连通进水管，将排水管排出的水通过水泵再次泵入供水腔中。The water supply tank is arranged as a left-right symmetrical structure, and the interior is divided into two identical inner cavities by a partition plate, one of which is used for seepage water supply, and the other is a spare cavity. Both inner cavities are connected with water supply pipes, and the other of the water supply pipes One end is connected to the liquid equalizing unit. When the seepage liquid needs to be replaced, the original liquid equalizing unit is directly removed, and the other liquid equalizing unit is placed on the top of the original column, and the seepage can continue after being sealed with a sealant; each The inner chamber is divided into a water supply chamber and an overflow chamber by an overflow plate, and the drain pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe through a tee joint, and the water discharged from the drain pipe is pumped into the water supply chamber again through a water pump.
为模拟地下水渗流环境，在渗流单元的顶部设置液体均分单元用于将水体均分，液体均分单元包括相互连通的溢水管和液体分流器，液体分流器由原样柱渗流板、固定管和1块以上筛板构成，原样柱渗流板和各筛板从下至上水平安装于固定管中，通过设置原样柱渗流板与筛板的孔径和孔分布密度均不相同，使得水流在原样柱渗流板和各筛板之间流速改变，通过密布的孔均分水流，保证了水体呈面状下渗进入原状柱，模拟地下水与原状土面状接触，未及时入渗水体通过溢水管排出。In order to simulate the groundwater seepage environment, a liquid equalizing unit is set on the top of the seepage unit to divide the water body equally. The liquid equalizing unit includes overflow pipes and liquid diverters connected to each other. The liquid diverter consists of the original column seepage plate, fixed pipe and Consisting of more than one sieve plate, the original column seepage plate and each sieve plate are horizontally installed in the fixed pipe from bottom to top. By setting the original column seepage plate and the sieve plate with different pore diameters and pore distribution densities, the water flow in the original column seepage The flow velocity between the plate and each sieve plate changes, and the water flow is evenly distributed through the densely distributed holes, ensuring that the water body infiltrates into the original column in a planar manner, simulating the surface contact between groundwater and the original soil, and the water that has not infiltrated in time is discharged through the overflow pipe.
为进一步优化液体分流效果，设计液体分流器由固定管以及从上至下水平安装于固定管中的第一筛板、第二筛板、第三筛板和原样柱渗流板构成，第一筛板和第二筛板均设计为具有渗水区和挡水区，挡水区位于所在筛板的中心或边缘，第一筛板和第二筛板的挡水区位置不相同，用于改变水流流向，减弱水流流速，当水体进入时，经第一筛板渗水区均匀分流，在第一筛板与第二筛板之间充满水体，液体均匀通过小圆孔后流进第二筛板与第三筛板之间空隙，之后通过第三筛板将水体再次均分，通过原样柱渗流板致密小圆孔使水体均匀下渗，通过第一筛板、第二筛板、第三筛板、原样柱渗流板将水体均分，保证了水体呈面状下渗进入原样柱，第三筛板与原样柱渗流板间隔1cm，溢水管连通于原样柱渗流板上方0.5cm处，在原样柱渗流板上部维持0.5cm薄水层入渗试样。In order to further optimize the liquid diversion effect, the designed liquid diverter is composed of a fixed pipe and the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the original column seepage plate installed horizontally in the fixed pipe from top to bottom. Both the plate and the second sieve plate are designed to have a water seepage area and a water retaining area. The water retaining area is located at the center or edge of the sieve plate. The position of the water retaining area of the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate is different, which is used to change the water flow. Flow direction, weakening the flow rate of water, when the water body enters, it will be evenly diverted through the seepage area of the first sieve plate, and the water body will be filled between the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate, and the liquid will flow into the second sieve plate and the second sieve plate evenly through the small round hole The gap between the third sieve plates, and then through the third sieve plate to divide the water body evenly again, through the dense small round holes of the original column seepage plate to make the water infiltrate evenly, and pass through the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, and the third sieve plate 1. The seepage plate of the original column divides the water evenly to ensure that the water infiltrates into the original column in a planar manner. The third sieve plate is separated from the seepage plate of the original column by 1 cm. The overflow pipe is connected to the 0.5 cm above the seepage plate of the original column. A thin water layer of 0.5 cm is maintained on the top of the seepage plate to infiltrate the sample.
由于本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置中，原样柱为可拆卸结构，因此需要原样柱的支撑组件适应可拆卸结构，支撑组件包括支撑板、支撑柱、固定环和支撑固定器，支撑柱安装于支撑板上构成整体支撑依托，固定环套于原状柱上，支撑固定器套于支撑柱上，固定环和支撑固定器通过螺纹紧固件连接实现原样柱的固定，为便于原样柱的拆装，固定环和支撑固定器均设计为由两个耳状半圆环通过螺纹紧固件连接构成的结构，支撑固定器位于空心柱的拼接处，同时起到辅助密封的效果。Because in the undisturbed soil effective porosity measurement device provided by the utility model, the undisturbed column is a detachable structure, so the support assembly of the undisturbed column is required to adapt to the detachable structure, and the support assembly includes a support plate, a support column, a fixed ring and a support fixture, The support column is installed on the support plate to form an overall support support. The fixing ring is placed on the original column, and the support fixer is placed on the support column. The fixing ring and the support fixer are connected by threaded fasteners to realize the fixation of the original column. The disassembly and assembly of the column, the fixing ring and the support fixer are designed as a structure composed of two ear-shaped semi-circular rings connected by threaded fasteners. The support fixer is located at the joint of the hollow column and plays an auxiliary sealing effect at the same time.
本实用新型的测定装置的结构简单，测定过程简便，有效孔隙度测定精度较高，具备良好的应用潜力，在水文地质研究中，可作为实验室教学仪器帮助学生理解有效孔隙度与总孔隙度的区别；在实际生产中可以用于测定试样的有效孔隙度，为溶质运移的进一步研究如海水入渗、越流补给、潜水运移、地下水原位修复等提供参数测定实验装置。The measuring device of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient measuring process, high effective porosity measuring precision, and good application potential. In hydrogeological research, it can be used as a laboratory teaching instrument to help students understand effective porosity and total porosity In actual production, it can be used to measure the effective porosity of the sample, and provide an experimental device for parameter determination for further research on solute migration, such as seawater infiltration, leakage recharge, diving migration, and groundwater in-situ restoration.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the undisturbed soil effective porosity measuring device provided by the utility model has the following advantages:
(1)能够实现松散原状岩土的有效孔隙度测定，简单便捷；(1) It can realize the effective porosity measurement of loose undisturbed rock and soil, which is simple and convenient;
(2)能够快速替换驱替液体，并保持出水水头、入渗水头相同；(2) It can quickly replace the displacement liquid, and keep the outlet water head and infiltration water head the same;
(3)利用传感器，能够准确得出浓度与时间变化关系，保证实验精度。(3) By using the sensor, the relationship between concentration and time can be accurately obtained to ensure the accuracy of the experiment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an undisturbed soil effective porosity measuring device provided by the utility model.
图2为滑动调节器的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slide regulator.
图3为液体分流器的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid splitter.
图4为支撑组件的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the support assembly.
其中，1-底座，2-加强板，3-供水箱，4-滑动柱，5-卡扣，6-进水管，7-三通接口，8-排水管，9-微型水泵，10-水箱支座，11-供水口，12-滑动调节器，13-溢水板，14-分隔板，15-进水口，16-排水口，17-供水管，18-密封座，19-液体分流器，20-溢水管，21-原样柱，22-支撑固定器，23-流量测定管，24-固定环，25-螺纹紧固件，26-支撑柱，27-底部滤板，28-电阻率传感器，29-支撑板，30-导线，31-显示器，32-玻璃转子流量计，33-升降摇手，34-滑动套，35-固定套筒，36-销轴，37-固定管，38-第一筛板，39-第二筛板，40-原样柱渗流板，41-第三筛板，42-渗水区，43-挡水区，44-耳状半圆环。Among them, 1-base, 2-reinforcing plate, 3-water supply tank, 4-sliding column, 5-clip, 6-inlet pipe, 7-tee interface, 8-drainage pipe, 9-micro water pump, 10-water tank Support, 11-water supply port, 12-sliding regulator, 13-overflow plate, 14-partition plate, 15-water inlet, 16-drainage port, 17-water supply pipe, 18-sealing seat, 19-liquid diverter , 20-overflow pipe, 21-original column, 22-supporting fixture, 23-flow measuring tube, 24-fixing ring, 25-threaded fastener, 26-supporting column, 27-bottom filter plate, 28-resistivity Sensor, 29-support plate, 30-wire, 31-display, 32-glass rotameter, 33-lifting shaker, 34-sliding sleeve, 35-fixing sleeve, 36-pin shaft, 37-fixing pipe, 38- The first sieve plate, 39-the second sieve plate, 40-the original column seepage plate, 41-the third sieve plate, 42-seepage area, 43-water retaining area, 44-ear-shaped semicircle.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型进行详细具体说明，本实用新型的内容不局限于以下实施例。The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and the content of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.
本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置，其结构如图1所示，包括供水单元、渗流单元、液体均分单元和检测单元，供水单元通过液体均分单元与渗流单元连通；The undisturbed soil effective porosity measurement device provided by the utility model has a structure as shown in Figure 1, including a water supply unit, a seepage flow unit, a liquid equalization unit and a detection unit, and the water supply unit communicates with the seepage unit through the liquid equalization unit;
所述供水单元包括供水箱3和水头调节组件，供水箱固定于水头调节组件上，供水箱由3mm厚有机玻璃板粘接而成，规格为22cm*20cm*10cm，所述供水箱的中部设有分隔板14，供水箱通过分隔板分隔为两个完全相同的内腔，两个内腔中均设有低于供水箱高度的溢水板13，两个内腔均通过溢水板分隔为供水腔和溢流腔，供水箱上设有与供水腔连通的供水口11和进水口15以及与溢流腔连通的排水口16，供水箱通过安装于供水口上的供水管17与液体均分单元连通，两个内腔的进水口15中均设有进水管6、排水口16中均设有排水管8，排水管通过三通接口7连通进水管，位于三通接口与进水口之间的进水管6上安装有微型水泵9，微型水泵9将水体抽入供水腔，当供水腔水位高度高于溢水板13时，多余的水流进溢流腔，通过排水口16和与供水箱相连的排水管8排出，排水管8通过三通接口7与进水管6连接，使排出的水流进进水管6以再次利用；The water supply unit includes a water supply tank 3 and a water head adjustment assembly, the water supply tank is fixed on the water head adjustment assembly, the water supply tank is made of 3mm thick plexiglass plates, and the specification is 22cm*20cm*10cm. There is a partition plate 14, and the water supply tank is divided into two identical inner chambers by the partition board, and the overflow board 13 lower than the height of the water supply tank is arranged in the two inner chambers, and the two inner chambers are separated into two chambers by the overflow board. Water supply chamber and overflow chamber, the water supply tank is provided with a water supply port 11 and a water inlet 15 connected with the water supply chamber and a drain port 16 connected with the overflow chamber, and the water supply tank is evenly distributed with the liquid through the water supply pipe 17 installed on the water supply port The units are connected, and the water inlets 15 of the two inner cavities are equipped with water inlet pipes 6, and the water outlets 16 are equipped with drain pipes 8. The drain pipes are connected to the water inlet pipes through the three-way interface 7, and are located between the three-way interface and the water inlet. A micro water pump 9 is installed on the water inlet pipe 6, and the micro water pump 9 pumps the water body into the water supply chamber. When the water level in the water supply chamber is higher than the overflow plate 13, the excess water flows into the overflow chamber, and is connected with the water supply tank through the drain port 16. The drain pipe 8 is discharged, and the drain pipe 8 is connected with the water inlet pipe 6 through the three-way interface 7, so that the discharged water flows into the water inlet pipe 6 for reuse;
所述水头调节组件为高度调节组件，所述高度调节组件包括底座1、加强板2、滑动柱4、水箱支座10和滑动调节器12，底座1为边长15cm的正方形铁板，正方形中心开有直径3cm圆孔，铁质圆形滑动柱4插入底座1圆孔，两个铁质长条状加强板2一端铰接在底座上、另一端相互铰接在滑动柱4底部，滑动柱上沿轴向设有卡扣5，卡扣为延伸长度0.2cm的限位凸起，卡扣5间距为1cm，滑动调节器12套于滑动柱上并且通过卡扣限位，水箱支座10固定于滑动调节器上，水箱支座10材质为有机玻璃板，规格为22cm*20cm*1cm，参见图2，滑动调节器12由升降摇手33、滑动套34和固定套筒35构成，滑动套34材质为塑料，上部为8*8*3cm长方体，长方体中部开有直径3.2cm圆孔，以便套入滑动柱4，上部粘接水箱支座10，滑动套的长方体中焊接有直径为0.5cm的销轴36，升降摇手33的其中一端为直径0.6cm的圆管，圆管套于销轴上，圆管的外表面上同样设置间距为1cm、延伸长度0.2cm的限位凸起(卡扣)，升降摇手33插入滑动套34长方体中，并能够围绕销轴36进行上下摇动，卡扣5带动滑动套34升降，滑动套34进而带动水箱支座10升降，滑动套34下部为上直径4cm、下直径3.5cm的空心圆台，空心圆台焊接在长方体下部，空心圆台的内壁同样设置卡扣5、外壁具有螺纹，空心圆台的侧臂上开设2条以上竖向裂隙；固定套筒35为内直径3.6cm、外直径4.0cm、高1cm的圆环，内壁具有与空心圆台外壁相同螺距的螺纹，当滑动套34带动水箱支座10升降到一定高度处，将固定套筒35旋紧在滑动套34下部空心圆台外部，空心圆台内壁卡扣5与滑动柱4外壁卡扣5相互卡接，达到固定效果；The water head adjustment assembly is a height adjustment assembly, and the height adjustment assembly includes a base 1, a reinforcement plate 2, a sliding column 4, a water tank support 10 and a sliding regulator 12, the base 1 is a square iron plate with a side length of 15 cm, and the center of the square There is a round hole with a diameter of 3 cm, and the iron circular sliding column 4 is inserted into the round hole of the base 1. One end of two iron strip-shaped reinforcement plates 2 is hinged on the base, and the other ends are hinged on the bottom of the sliding column 4. The upper edge of the sliding column A buckle 5 is provided in the axial direction, and the buckle is a limit protrusion with an extension length of 0.2 cm. The distance between the buckle 5 is 1 cm. The sliding regulator 12 is set on the sliding column and is limited by the buckle. On the sliding regulator, the material of the water tank support 10 is a plexiglass plate, and the specification is 22cm*20cm*1cm. Referring to FIG. It is made of plastic, the upper part is a cuboid of 8*8*3cm, the middle part of the cuboid has a round hole with a diameter of 3.2cm, so as to be inserted into the sliding column 4, the upper part is bonded to the water tank support 10, and a pin with a diameter of 0.5cm is welded in the cuboid of the sliding sleeve One end of the shaft 36 and the lifting handle 33 is a round tube with a diameter of 0.6 cm, and the round tube is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the outer surface of the round tube is also provided with a spacing of 1 cm and an extension length of 0.2 cm. Limiting protrusions (buckles) The lifting handle 33 is inserted into the cuboid of the sliding sleeve 34, and can rock up and down around the pin shaft 36. The buckle 5 drives the sliding sleeve 34 to lift, and the sliding sleeve 34 then drives the water tank support 10 to lift. The lower part of the sliding sleeve 34 is an upper diameter of 4 cm, Hollow circular table with a lower diameter of 3.5 cm, the hollow circular table is welded on the lower part of the cuboid, the inner wall of the hollow circular table is also provided with buckles 5, the outer wall has threads, and more than two vertical cracks are provided on the side arm of the hollow circular table; the fixed sleeve 35 is the inner diameter 3.6cm, outer diameter 4.0cm, high 1cm circular ring, the inner wall has the thread with the same pitch as the outer wall of the hollow circular platform, when the sliding sleeve 34 drives the water tank support 10 to a certain height, the fixed sleeve 35 is screwed on the sliding sleeve 34 outside the lower hollow round table, the buckle 5 on the inner wall of the hollow round table and the buckle 5 on the outer wall of the sliding column 4 are engaged with each other to achieve a fixing effect;
液体均分单元为两套，便于转换液体，在转换液体时能够保证供水箱3至液体分流器19进水水头不变；所述液体均分单元与供水管17的出水端连接，所述液体均分单元包括相互连通的溢水管20和液体分流器19，供水管17的出水口位于液体分流器上部的中心，液体分流器19呈圆柱状，整体由有机玻璃管粘接而成，液体分流器19可以放置在渗流单元上，不需加固，便于两个液体分流器19快速进行替换，参见图3，所述液体分流器19由固定管37以及从上至下水平安装于固定管中的第一筛板38、第二筛板39、第三筛板41和原样柱渗流板40构成，第一筛板38和第二筛板39均为直径22cm的圆形有机玻璃板，通过直径为22cm、高度为0.5cm圆柱状有机玻璃管(固定管37上部)相连，第三筛板41和原样柱渗流板40的直径均为20cm，通过直径为20cm、高度为3cm圆柱状有机玻璃管(固定管37下部)相连，相邻两筛板小圆孔相错排列，第三筛板与原样柱渗流板之间的间隔为1cm，溢水管20连通于原样柱渗流板上方0.5cm处，溢水管20将未及时入渗的水体导出，在原样柱渗流板40上部维持0.5cm薄水层入渗试样，第一筛板38中心直径有1cm不透水小圆板(即挡水区43)，小圆板至液体分流器19边缘1cm处(第一筛板38边缘1cm处同样为挡水区)充满直径为0.4cm小圆孔，该区域即为渗水区42，每个小圆孔圆心相隔0.8cm，每列小圆孔相错排列；第二筛板39边缘2cm(第二筛板39边缘2cm处同样为挡水区)以内整体开有直径为0.4cm小圆孔，每个小圆孔圆心相隔0.8cm，每列小圆孔相错排列；第三筛板41整体开有直径为0.3cm小圆孔，每个小圆孔圆心相隔0.6cm，每列小圆孔相错排列；原样柱渗流板40整体开有0.3cm小圆孔，每个小圆孔圆心相隔0.45cm，每列小圆孔相错排列；There are two sets of liquid equalizing units, which are convenient for liquid conversion, and can ensure that the water inlet head from the water supply tank 3 to the liquid diverter 19 remains unchanged when converting the liquid; the liquid equalizing unit is connected to the water outlet of the water supply pipe 17, and the liquid The equalizing unit includes an interconnected overflow pipe 20 and a liquid diverter 19. The water outlet of the water supply pipe 17 is located at the center of the upper part of the liquid diverter. The liquid diverter 19 is cylindrical, and the whole is made of organic glass tubes. The device 19 can be placed on the percolation unit without reinforcement, which is convenient for two liquid flow dividers 19 to be quickly replaced. Referring to Fig. The first sieve plate 38, the second sieve plate 39, the third sieve plate 41 and the original column percolation plate 40 constitute, the first sieve plate 38 and the second sieve plate 39 are circular plexiglass plates with a diameter of 22 cm, passing through a diameter of 22cm, height is that 0.5cm cylindrical plexiglass tube (fixed pipe 37 tops) links to each other, and the diameter of the third sieve plate 41 and the original original column percolation plate 40 is 20cm, is 20cm by diameter, and height is 3cm cylindrical plexiglass tube ( The lower part of the fixed pipe 37) is connected, the small round holes of two adjacent sieve plates are arranged in a staggered manner, the distance between the third sieve plate and the seepage plate of the original column is 1 cm, and the overflow pipe 20 is connected to the place 0.5 cm above the seepage plate of the original column. The water pipe 20 leads out the water body that has not infiltrated in time, and maintains a 0.5cm thin water layer infiltration sample on the top of the original column seepage plate 40, and the first sieve plate 38 center diameter has a 1cm impermeable small circular plate (i.e. the water retaining area 43) 1cm from the small circular plate to the edge of the liquid diverter 19 (the 1cm edge of the first sieve plate 38 is also a water-retaining area) and is filled with a small circular hole with a diameter of 0.4cm. This area is the seepage area 42, and the center of each small circular hole 0.8cm apart, each row of small round holes are arranged in a staggered manner; within 2cm of the edge of the second sieve plate 39 (2cm of the edge of the second sieve plate 39 is also a water retaining area) as a whole, there are small round holes with a diameter of 0.4cm. The centers of the round holes are 0.8cm apart, and the small round holes in each row are arranged in a staggered manner; the third sieve plate 41 has small round holes with a diameter of 0.3cm as a whole, and the centers of each small round hole are 0.6cm apart, and the small round holes in each row are arranged in a staggered manner ; The original column seepage plate 40 has 0.3cm small round holes as a whole, the center of each small round hole is 0.45cm apart, and each column of small round holes is arranged in a staggered manner;
所述渗流单元包括原状柱21、密封座18、底部滤板27和支撑组件，液体分流器19位于原状柱的顶端并且与原状柱连通，原状柱固定于支撑组件中，密封座18由高2cm的铁质圆环和直径20cm、厚度1cm的圆形铁板焊接构成，密封座18与原状柱下端连接封闭原状柱，密封座底部的圆形铁板中设有与检测腔连通的流量测定管23，流量计固定于流量测定管中，底部滤板27为直径20cm铁质筛板，其筛孔孔径为0.4cm，每个筛孔圆心相隔0.8cm，底部滤板27焊接固定于密封座中构成检测腔，所述原状柱由3个内直径20cm、外直径22cm、高30cm的铁质空心柱拼接构成，上空心柱顶面为平面、底端为纵截面呈三角形的楔形凸边，楔形凸边尖角角度为45°，中空心柱和下空心柱的顶端为与楔形凸边相匹配的楔形凹槽、底端为楔形凸边，密封座的上端为楔形凹槽，连接时楔形凸边插入楔形凹槽中并且在相接处涂抹密封胶以防漏水；Described percolation unit comprises original shape column 21, seal seat 18, bottom filter plate 27 and support assembly, and liquid divider 19 is positioned at the top of original shape column and is communicated with original shape column, and original shape column is fixed in support assembly, and seal seat 18 is by high 2cm The iron ring is welded with a circular iron plate with a diameter of 20 cm and a thickness of 1 cm. The sealing seat 18 is connected to the lower end of the original column to seal the original column. The circular iron plate at the bottom of the sealing seat is provided with a flow measuring tube communicating with the detection chamber. 23. The flowmeter is fixed in the flow measuring tube. The bottom filter plate 27 is an iron sieve plate with a diameter of 20cm. The sieve hole diameter is 0.4cm. The center of each sieve hole is 0.8cm apart. The bottom filter plate 27 is welded and fixed in the sealing seat To form a detection chamber, the original column is composed of three iron hollow columns with an inner diameter of 20cm, an outer diameter of 22cm, and a height of 30cm. The sharp angle of the convex edge is 45°, the top of the hollow column and the lower hollow column is a wedge-shaped groove matching the wedge-shaped convex edge, the bottom end is a wedge-shaped convex edge, and the upper end of the sealing seat is a wedge-shaped groove. When connecting, the wedge-shaped convex Insert the edge into the wedge-shaped groove and apply sealant on the junction to prevent water leakage;
所述支撑组件包括支撑板29、支撑柱26、固定环24和支撑固定器22，支撑板29为20cm*5cm*1cm的长条形铁板，支撑柱26为长70cm、直径3cm圆铁柱，支撑柱26下部焊接在支撑板29上，固定环24固定在空心原样柱21相接处，参见图4，固定环24由两个耳状半圆环44通过螺纹紧固件25连接构成，耳状半圆环44半径为11cm、高3cm，可将空心原样柱21紧紧固定，耳状半圆环44两侧开有依次开有直径1cm、0.5cm的螺孔，其中直径1cm螺孔一侧一个，0.5cm螺孔一侧两个，在原样柱21两侧的耳部通过螺纹紧固件25将固定环24与原样柱21固定，支撑固定器22由两个半径为1.5cm、高3cm的耳状半圆环组成，两侧耳部分别开有两个直径0.5cm的螺孔，支撑固定器22与固定环24之间通过靠近原样柱21的两个0.5cm螺孔旋紧螺钉固定；Described support assembly comprises support plate 29, support column 26, fixed ring 24 and support fixture 22, support plate 29 is the elongated iron plate of 20cm*5cm*1cm, and support column 26 is long 70cm, diameter 3cm round iron column , the lower part of the support column 26 is welded on the support plate 29, and the fixed ring 24 is fixed at the junction of the hollow original column 21, referring to Fig. The ear-shaped semi-circular ring 44 has a radius of 11 cm and a height of 3 cm, which can tightly fix the hollow original column 21. The two sides of the ear-shaped semi-circular ring 44 are provided with screw holes with diameters of 1 cm and 0.5 cm in turn, of which the diameter is 1 cm. One on one side, two on one side of the 0.5cm screw hole, the fixed ring 24 and the original post 21 are fixed by threaded fasteners 25 at the ears on the original post 21 both sides, and the supporting fixture 22 is 1.5cm by two radiuses, It consists of ear-shaped semi-circular rings with a height of 3 cm, and two screw holes with a diameter of 0.5 cm are respectively opened on the ears on both sides. fixed;
所述检测单元包括显示器31、玻璃转子流量计32和3个电阻率传感器28，玻璃转子流量计32固定于流量测定管23中并且与检测腔连通，3个电阻率传感器28位于检测腔中并且沿密封座圆周方向均布，显示器位于检测腔外并且通过导线30与电阻率传感器电性连接。The detection unit includes a display 31, a glass rotameter 32 and three resistivity sensors 28, the glass rotameter 32 is fixed in the flow measuring tube 23 and communicates with the detection chamber, the three resistivity sensors 28 are located in the detection chamber and Evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sealing seat, the display is located outside the detection chamber and is electrically connected to the resistivity sensor through a wire 30 .
本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置的工作原理如下：The operating principle of the undisturbed soil effective porosity measuring device provided by the utility model is as follows:
由电阻率传感器测定的电阻率R，根据电阻率R与驱替液浓度C关系曲线得出驱替液浓度C与时间T关系变化曲线，利用C-T曲线，得出砂土、黏土有效孔隙度(Φ)计算公式。The resistivity R measured by the resistivity sensor, according to the relationship curve between the resistivity R and the displacement fluid concentration C, the change curve of the displacement fluid concentration C and the time T is obtained, and the effective porosity of sandy soil and clay ( Φ) Calculation formula.
(1)测定原状土(吸附性)有效孔隙度：(1) Determination of the effective porosity of undisturbed soil (absorptive):
式中：Φ——试样有效孔隙度，％；In the formula: Φ—the effective porosity of the sample, %;
V——驱替液达西流速，cm/min；V——Darcy flow rate of displacement fluid, cm/min;
L——试样高度，同时也是驱替液驱替途径，cm；L——sample height, which is also the displacement path of displacement fluid, cm;
T0.5——驱替液流出时浓度为其原浓度一半的时间，min；T0.5 ——the time when the concentration of the displacement fluid is half of its original concentration when it flows out, min;
根据达西定律，有：According to Darcy's law, there are:
式中：Q——驱替液流量，cm3/min；In the formula: Q—displacement fluid flow rate, cm3 /min;
S——试样断面面积，cm2；S - cross-sectional area of the sample, cm2 ;
(2)测定原状土(吸附性)有效孔隙度：(2) Determination of the effective porosity of undisturbed soil (absorptive):
由驱替液达西流速与孔隙流速之间关系：From the relationship between the Darcy velocity of the displacement fluid and the pore velocity:
式中：U——孔隙流速，cm/min；In the formula: U——pore flow velocity, cm/min;
由一维流动-弥散模型可知：According to the one-dimensional flow-dispersion model, it can be known that:
式中：Dj——一维弥散系数；In the formula: Dj —— one-dimensional diffusion coefficient;
Cj——出水口处离子浓度，mol/L；Cj - ion concentration at the water outlet, mol/L;
Rj——离子减少浓度，mol/L；Rj ——Ion reduction concentration, mol/L;
x——驱替液驱替距离，cm；x—displacement distance of displacement fluid, cm;
t——驱替时间，min；t—displacement time, min;
t0.841、t0.159——驱替液浓度为0.841C0、0.159C0对应时间。t0.841 , t0.159 —the corresponding time when the displacement fluid concentration is 0.841C0 and 0.159C0 .
本实用新型提供的原状土有效孔隙度测定装置的工作步骤如下：The working steps of the undisturbed soil effective porosity measuring device provided by the utility model are as follows:
1、采集试样1. Collect samples
1.1、竖直取样1.1. Vertical sampling
将所需测量有效孔隙度土样地点上部进行清理，然后将下空心柱下端尖部插入土壤，使用打击物用力锤击下空心柱顶端，当取样点土样最高点达到下空心柱顶端后，将中空心柱下端尖部插入下空心柱顶端内凹三角形，依次将上空心柱插入，当原样柱完全没入土样中，停止锤击，将原样柱周围土样挖开，露出整体原样柱，在原样柱相接处涂抹密封胶，将固定环固定在原样柱上，将原样柱一次性取出；Clean up the upper part of the soil sample site where the effective porosity needs to be measured, then insert the lower tip of the lower hollow column into the soil, and use a striking object to hammer the top of the lower hollow column. When the highest point of the soil sample at the sampling point reaches the top of the lower hollow column, Insert the tip of the lower end of the hollow column into the concave triangle at the top of the lower hollow column, insert the upper hollow column in turn, stop hammering when the original column is completely submerged in the soil sample, dig out the soil sample around the original column, and expose the entire original column, Apply sealant to the junction of the original column, fix the fixing ring on the original column, and take out the original column at one time;
1.2、水平取样1.2. Horizontal sampling
将所需测量有效孔隙度土样做出竖直剖面，将下空心柱下端尖端水平插入土样中，使用打击物用力锤击下空心柱顶端，当取样点土样最高点达到下空心柱顶端后，将中空心柱下端尖部插入下空心柱顶端内凹三角形，依次将上空心柱插入，当原样柱完全没入土样中，停止锤击，将原样柱周围土样挖开，露出整体原样柱，在原样柱相接处涂抹密封胶，将固定环固定在原样柱上，将原样柱一次性取出；Make a vertical section of the soil sample with effective porosity to be measured, insert the lower tip of the lower hollow column into the soil sample horizontally, and hammer the top of the lower hollow column with a hammer, when the highest point of the soil sample at the sampling point reaches the top of the lower hollow column Finally, insert the tip of the lower end of the hollow column into the concave triangle at the top of the lower hollow column, and insert the upper hollow column in turn. When the original column is completely submerged in the soil sample, stop hammering, and dig out the soil sample around the original column to reveal the whole Column, apply sealant to the junction of the original column, fix the fixing ring on the original column, and take out the original column at one time;
1.3、组合装置1.3. Combined device
将原样柱安装在底座上，固定连接，原样柱上部放置液体分流器，液体分流器与原样柱相接处涂抹密封胶，防止漏水，检查装置密封性，调整供水装置高度，使渗透水体渗入原样土柱；Install the original column on the base, fix the connection, place a liquid diverter on the upper part of the original column, apply sealant to the joint between the liquid diverter and the original column to prevent water leakage, check the tightness of the device, adjust the height of the water supply device, and make the permeable water penetrate into the original Soil column;
1.4、测定规格1.4. Measurement specifications
测定原样柱试样断面面积S、试样高度L；0.2mol/L氯化钠、0.1mol/L氯化钠所对应的电阻率R；Measure the cross-sectional area S and sample height L of the original column sample; the resistivity R corresponding to 0.2mol/L sodium chloride and 0.1mol/L sodium chloride;
1.5、测试过程1.5. Test process
打开进水管，使供水箱的左内腔抽入去离子水体、右内腔抽入浓度为0.2mol/L的NaCl溶液，将与左内腔连接的液体分流器与原样柱连接，使去离子水体下渗至原样柱，当下部流量、电阻率读数稳定后，迅速将右内腔连接的液体分流器替换左内腔连接的液体分流器进行入渗，同时开始实时记录入渗时间T、电阻率R、流量Q；当达到0.1mol/L氯化钠所对应的电阻率R时，记录流量Q、累计时间T0.5；当达到0.2mol/L氯化钠所对应的电阻率R停止测定，记录累计时间T。Open the water inlet pipe, draw deionized water into the left inner chamber of the water supply tank, and pump NaCl solution with a concentration of 0.2mol/L into the right inner chamber, and connect the liquid splitter connected to the left inner chamber with the original column to make the deionized The water body infiltrates to the original column. When the lower flow and resistivity readings are stable, quickly replace the liquid diverter connected to the left inner chamber with the liquid diverter connected to the left inner chamber for infiltration, and start recording the infiltration time T and resistance in real time at the same time. rate R and flow Q; when reaching the resistivity R corresponding to 0.1mol/L sodium chloride, record the flow Q and cumulative time T0.5 ; stop measuring when reaching the resistivity R corresponding to 0.2mol/L sodium chloride, Record the accumulated time T.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621036516.2UCN205982024U (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2016-09-01 | Original state soil active porosity survey device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621036516.2UCN205982024U (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2016-09-01 | Original state soil active porosity survey device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205982024Utrue CN205982024U (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621036516.2UExpired - Fee RelatedCN205982024U (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2016-09-01 | Original state soil active porosity survey device |
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| CN (1) | CN205982024U (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107192534A (en)* | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of flushometer of shipping of green water experiment |
| CN108267563A (en)* | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-10 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of water supply installation and application method of large-scale three dimensional geologic model test |
| CN108344677A (en)* | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽理工大学 | The circulation experiment device of porosity, specific yield and infiltration coefficient can be measured simultaneously |
| CN109655395A (en)* | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of experiment casing for simulating multi-layer Underground Water laminar motion |
| CN113109239A (en)* | 2021-05-18 | 2021-07-13 | 江西理工大学 | Improved multifunctional earth pillar penetration experiment device |
| CN115326667A (en)* | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 海南浙江大学研究院 | A test device and method for microbial mineralization to strengthen unsaturated soil |
| CN115420663A (en)* | 2022-07-23 | 2022-12-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Full-automatic single-ring infiltration instrument for in-situ measurement of soil infiltration capacity |
| CN118961545A (en)* | 2024-10-15 | 2024-11-15 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | A porosity measuring device for stone-filled roadbed |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107192534A (en)* | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of flushometer of shipping of green water experiment |
| CN107192534B (en)* | 2017-06-22 | 2019-05-24 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of flushometer of shipping of green water test |
| CN108267563A (en)* | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-10 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of water supply installation and application method of large-scale three dimensional geologic model test |
| CN108344677A (en)* | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽理工大学 | The circulation experiment device of porosity, specific yield and infiltration coefficient can be measured simultaneously |
| CN109655395A (en)* | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of experiment casing for simulating multi-layer Underground Water laminar motion |
| CN113109239A (en)* | 2021-05-18 | 2021-07-13 | 江西理工大学 | Improved multifunctional earth pillar penetration experiment device |
| CN115420663A (en)* | 2022-07-23 | 2022-12-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Full-automatic single-ring infiltration instrument for in-situ measurement of soil infiltration capacity |
| CN115326667A (en)* | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-11 | 海南浙江大学研究院 | A test device and method for microbial mineralization to strengthen unsaturated soil |
| CN115326667B (en)* | 2022-07-25 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江大学海南研究院 | Test device and method for mineralizing and reinforcing unsaturated soil body by microorganisms |
| CN118961545A (en)* | 2024-10-15 | 2024-11-15 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | A porosity measuring device for stone-filled roadbed |
| CN118961545B (en)* | 2024-10-15 | 2024-12-17 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | Device for measuring porosity of stone-filled roadbed |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20170222 Termination date:20170901 | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |