技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种光学实验用具，具体为一种几何光学实验辅助屏。The utility model relates to an optical experiment appliance, in particular to an auxiliary screen for geometrical optics experiments.
背景技术Background technique
透镜成像实验是一个基本的光学实验，在近轴光线条件下，透镜成像规律服从高斯公式。透镜成像实验通过搭建多种光路来测量透镜焦距、观察透镜成像特点，验证透镜成像规律，有利于加深对照相机、望远镜、显微镜等光学设备成像原理的理解。The lens imaging experiment is a basic optical experiment. Under the condition of paraxial light, the lens imaging law obeys the Gaussian formula. The lens imaging experiment measures the focal length of the lens, observes the imaging characteristics of the lens, and verifies the imaging law of the lens by building a variety of optical paths, which is conducive to deepening the understanding of the imaging principles of optical equipment such as cameras, telescopes, and microscopes.
熟悉摄影的人都知道，光圈大小影响照相机成像的景深和成像效果，但目前的透镜成像实验中，缺少光阑对景深影响的实验观察与研究。用自准直法测透镜焦距时，要用平面反射镜将经过透镜后的光线反射回物屏处进行自准直观察，由于光具座导轨上插设透镜和平面镜的滑座都有一定宽度，使得平面镜无法紧靠透镜，造成反射光较弱，成像质量较差，给反射像的观察带来困难。另外，教师在课堂上演示透镜成像实验时，由于像屏与成像光路垂直，学生在看清成像光路的同时，难以看清像屏上所成像的情况。Anyone familiar with photography knows that the size of the aperture affects the depth of field and imaging effect of the camera, but in the current lens imaging experiments, there is a lack of experimental observation and research on the effect of the aperture on the depth of field. When using the self-collimation method to measure the focal length of the lens, it is necessary to use a plane reflector to reflect the light passing through the lens back to the object screen for self-collimation observation. Since the slide seat for inserting the lens and the plane mirror on the guide rail of the optical bench has a certain width , so that the plane mirror cannot be close to the lens, resulting in weak reflected light and poor imaging quality, which brings difficulties to the observation of the reflected image. In addition, when the teacher demonstrates the lens imaging experiment in class, since the imaging screen is perpendicular to the imaging optical path, it is difficult for students to clearly see the imaging situation on the imaging screen while seeing the imaging optical path.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是提供一种有利于提高透镜成像实验效果的几何光学实验辅助屏。The purpose of the utility model is to provide an auxiliary screen for geometrical optics experiment which is beneficial to improve the experimental effect of lens imaging.
为了解决上述技术问题，本实用新型通过以下技术方案实现：几何光学实验辅助屏，包括光阑屏和组合像屏；光阑屏中部设有孔径可调的光阑，光阑正上方设有用于拍摄透镜所成像的摄像头；组合像屏的一面为用于承接透镜所成像的像屏，组合像屏另一面垂直联结一圆柱形接环，接环端面上设有平面镜，平面镜的镜面与像屏平行。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: the auxiliary screen for geometrical optics experiments includes a diaphragm screen and a combined image screen; Take the camera imaged by the lens; one side of the composite image screen is used to accept the image screen formed by the lens, and the other side of the composite image screen is vertically connected with a cylindrical adapter ring, and a plane mirror is arranged on the end surface of the adapter ring, and the mirror surface of the plane mirror and the image screen parallel.
所述摄像头为微型无线摄像头。The camera is a miniature wireless camera.
本实用新型由于采用上述设计，能产生以下有益效果：光阑屏的设置可限制成像光束，满足近轴光线的成像要求；改变光阑孔径的大小，可同步观察景深与成像效果的变化；利用摄像头拍摄透镜所成的像，可在外设的显示设备上清晰显示，便于实验演示和观察。组合像屏上凸起的平面镜设置，便于在自准直法测透镜焦距实验中使平面镜能紧靠透镜，增强反射光，提高成像质量。本实用新型有利于增加透镜成像实验内容，进一步提高几何光学实验效果。Due to the adoption of the above design, the utility model can produce the following beneficial effects: the setting of the diaphragm screen can limit the imaging beam to meet the imaging requirements of the paraxial light; changing the size of the diaphragm aperture can simultaneously observe the change of the depth of field and the imaging effect; The image formed by the lens captured by the camera can be clearly displayed on the peripheral display device, which is convenient for experimental demonstration and observation. Combining the convex plane mirror on the image screen is convenient for the plane mirror to be close to the lens in the experiment of measuring the focal length of the lens by the autocollimation method, so as to enhance the reflected light and improve the imaging quality. The utility model is beneficial to increase the content of the lens imaging experiment and further improve the effect of the geometric optics experiment.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
图1为光阑屏的构成示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the aperture screen.
图2为组合像屏的三视图。Fig. 2 is three views of the combined image screen.
图3为本实用新型用于透镜成像实验的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the utility model used in a lens imaging experiment.
图4为本实用新型用于自准直法测透镜焦距实验示意图。Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model used in the experiment of measuring the focal length of the lens by the autocollimation method.
图中：1.光阑屏，2.组合像屏，3.光源，4.物屏，5.透镜，6.滑座，7.光具座导轨，11.光阑，12.摄像头，13.调节杆，21.像屏，22.平面镜，23.接环，123.支杆。In the figure: 1. Aperture screen, 2. Combined image screen, 3. Light source, 4. Object screen, 5. Lens, 6. Sliding seat, 7. Optical bench guide rail, 11. Aperture, 12. Camera, 13 . Adjusting rod, 21. Image screen, 22. Plane mirror, 23. Mounting ring, 123. Prop.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步描述。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
如图1所示，光阑屏1中部设有光阑11，调节杆13用于调节光阑11的孔径大小，光阑屏1上光阑11的正上方设有摄像头12。摄像头12为微型无线摄像头。As shown in FIG. 1 , a diaphragm 11 is provided in the middle of the diaphragm screen 1 , and an adjusting rod 13 is used to adjust the aperture size of the diaphragm 11 . A camera 12 is provided directly above the diaphragm 11 on the diaphragm screen 1 . Camera 12 is a miniature wireless camera.
如图2所示，组合像屏2的一面为像屏21，用于承接透镜所成像；组合像屏2的另一面垂直联结一圆柱形接环23，接环23端面上设有平面镜22，平面镜22的镜面与像屏21平行。As shown in Figure 2, one side of the combination image screen 2 is an image screen 21, which is used to accept the imaging of the lens; the other side of the combination image screen 2 is vertically connected with a cylindrical adapter ring 23, and the end surface of the adapter ring 23 is provided with a plane mirror 22, The mirror surface of the plane mirror 22 is parallel to the image screen 21 .
光阑屏1和组合像屏2的下方分别设有支杆123，以便插接在图3中的滑座6上。The bottom of the aperture screen 1 and the combined image screen 2 are respectively provided with support rods 123 so as to be plugged into the sliding seat 6 in FIG. 3 .
如图3所示，光源3、物屏4、透镜5，光阑屏1、组合像屏2依次活动设于光具座导轨7上。拨动调节杆13，调节光阑屏1上光阑11的孔径大小，同步观察景深变化。摄像头12用于拍摄光阑屏1后方像屏21上透镜5所成的像。As shown in FIG. 3 , the light source 3 , the object screen 4 , the lens 5 , the aperture screen 1 , and the composite image screen 2 are sequentially and movablely arranged on the guide rail 7 of the optical bench. Toggle the adjustment lever 13 to adjust the aperture size of the aperture 11 on the aperture screen 1, and observe the change of the depth of field synchronously. The camera 12 is used for shooting the image formed by the lens 5 on the image screen 21 behind the aperture screen 1 .
如图4所示，用自准直法测透镜焦距实验中，组合像屏2置于透镜5后方，平面镜22紧贴透镜5，将经过透镜5的光线反射回物屏4上成像。As shown in Figure 4, in the experiment of measuring the focal length of the lens by the autocollimation method, the combined image screen 2 is placed behind the lens 5, and the plane mirror 22 is close to the lens 5, reflecting the light passing through the lens 5 back to the object screen 4 for imaging.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520463868.5UCN204720072U (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2015-07-01 | geometrical optics experiment auxiliary screen |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520463868.5UCN204720072U (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2015-07-01 | geometrical optics experiment auxiliary screen |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204720072Utrue CN204720072U (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520463868.5UExpired - Fee RelatedCN204720072U (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2015-07-01 | geometrical optics experiment auxiliary screen |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204720072U (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104882055A (en)* | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-02 | 江南大学 | Auxiliary screen for lens imaging experiment |
| CN112951054A (en)* | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-11 | 长春中国光学科学技术馆 | Aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104882055A (en)* | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-02 | 江南大学 | Auxiliary screen for lens imaging experiment |
| CN112951054A (en)* | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-11 | 长春中国光学科学技术馆 | Aperture formation of image science popularization presentation device with adjustable diaphragm |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20151021 Termination date:20160701 |