技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，属于蓄电池组能量均衡管理技术领域。The utility model relates to a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit of a battery pack with double-layer bridge arms connected in series, and belongs to the technical field of energy equalization management of the battery pack.
背景技术Background technique
随着环境污染和能源危机的加剧，以蓄电池为动力源或辅助能源的各种电动车的发展成为必然。下面以锂电池为例进行说明。单体锂离子电池的标称电压最高为3.6v，使用中需要多个单体电池串联。单体电池的过充电或过放电都将影响电池单体及电池组的使用寿命，甚至发生爆炸事故，因此在多个单体电池串联使用时，不允许任何单体电池出现过放电和过充电的状态。由于各个单体电池性能的差异，在使用过程中就会出现单体端电压或单体电池的荷电状态（SOC）的不一致，电池组的充电容量受组内荷电状态最高的单体电池的限制，而电池组的放电容量受组内荷电状态最低的单体电池的限制，随着电池组充放电循环次数的增加，电池组的充电容量和放电容量将逐渐减小，最终会提前报废。为了提高电池组的充放电容量及延长电池的使用寿命，必须对串联单体蓄电池采取积极有效的均衡措施。With the aggravation of environmental pollution and energy crisis, the development of various electric vehicles using batteries as power sources or auxiliary energy sources has become inevitable. The lithium battery is taken as an example for description below. The nominal voltage of a single lithium-ion battery is up to 3.6v, and multiple single batteries need to be connected in series in use. The overcharge or overdischarge of a single battery will affect the service life of the single battery and the battery pack, and even cause an explosion accident. Therefore, when multiple single batteries are used in series, no single battery is allowed to be overdischarged or overcharged. status. Due to the difference in the performance of each single battery, there will be inconsistencies in the terminal voltage of the single battery or the state of charge (SOC) of the single battery during use, and the charging capacity of the battery pack is determined by the single battery with the highest state of charge in the group. However, the discharge capacity of the battery pack is limited by the single battery with the lowest state of charge in the pack. As the number of charge and discharge cycles of the battery pack increases, the charge capacity and discharge capacity of the battery pack will gradually decrease, and will eventually advance scrapped. In order to improve the charging and discharging capacity of the battery pack and prolong the service life of the battery, active and effective equalization measures must be taken for the series-connected single batteries.
目前，有多种电池组均衡方案，从能量转移时的能量消耗特性区分为能耗型均衡和非能耗型均衡两种。非能耗均衡方案以电容、电感或者反激式变压器作为储能元件，通过开关器件使能量在单体电池之间或单体电池与电池组之间进行转移。以电容为储能元件的均衡方案的实质是以两单体电池间的电压差实现能量均衡，而实际中两单体电池的电压差很小，考虑均衡回路中开关器件的管压降，因此能量很难转移，甚至不能转移。以电感或者反激式变压器作为储能元件的均衡方案，是以均衡电流的形式实现能量转移的，但目前存在的这两种均衡电路，均不能保证被均衡的单体电池的均衡电流的连续性，因此均衡效率普遍低，且反激式变压器的均衡方案，其对均衡电流的可控性差。At present, there are a variety of balancing schemes for battery packs, which can be divided into energy-consuming balancing and non-energy-consuming balancing in terms of energy consumption characteristics during energy transfer. Non-energy balance solutions use capacitors, inductors, or flyback transformers as energy storage components, and transfer energy between single cells or between single cells and battery packs through switching devices. The essence of the equalization scheme using capacitors as energy storage components is to achieve energy balance by the voltage difference between the two single cells, but in practice the voltage difference between the two single cells is very small, considering the tube voltage drop of the switching device in the equalization circuit, so Energy is very difficult to transfer, if not impossible. The balancing scheme using an inductor or a flyback transformer as an energy storage element realizes energy transfer in the form of balancing current, but the two current balancing circuits cannot guarantee the continuity of the balancing current of the single battery being balanced. Therefore, the equalization efficiency is generally low, and the equalization scheme of the flyback transformer has poor controllability to the equalization current.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术，为解决非能耗均衡方案均衡效率低的问题，本实用新型提供了一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，该拓扑电路原理简单，对均衡电流的控制能力强，均衡效率高。In view of the above-mentioned prior art, in order to solve the problem of low equalization efficiency of the non-energy equalization scheme, the utility model provides a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit for double-layer bridge arm series battery packs. The principle of the topology circuit is simple, and the control of equalization current Strong ability and high balance efficiency.
本实用新型的技术方案是：一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，包括上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、电感L、电压源E、两个主控开关M1和M2；其中上桥臂功率开关矩阵N和下桥臂功率矩阵S均为由n对反向串联的功率开关组成的双层功率开关矩阵；上桥臂的上层n个功率开关的上端均与电感L的一端相连且其下层n个开关的下端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的正极；下桥臂的下层n个开关的上端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的负极且其下层n个功率开关的下端均与主控开关M2的一端和电压源E的负极相连；主控开关M2的另一端和M1的一端同时与电感L的另一端相连，主控开关M1的另一端和电压源E的正极相连。The technical scheme of the utility model is: a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit of a double-layer bridge arm series battery pack, including an upper bridge arm power switch matrix N, a lower bridge arm power switch matrix S, an inductor L, a voltage source E, two main control switches M1 and M2; where the power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm and the power matrix S of the lower bridge arm are double-layer power switch matrices composed of n pairs of power switches in reverse series; the upper layer n power switches of the upper bridge arm The upper ends are all connected to one end of the inductance L, and the n lead-out lines at the lower ends of the n switches on the lower layer are respectively connected to the positive poles of n single cells in series; the n lead-out lines at the upper ends of the n switches on the lower layer of the lower bridge arm are connected The negative poles of n single cells in series and the lower ends of the n power switches on the lower layer are all connected to one end of the main control switch M2 and the negative pole of the voltage source E; the other end of the main control switch M2 and one end of M1 are simultaneously connected to the inductor L The other end is connected, and the other end of the main control switch M1 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source E.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、主控开关M1和M2均为逆导型功率开关器件（如有寄生反并联二极管的功率MOSFET开关）。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm, the power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm, and the main control switches M1 and M2 are all reverse conduction power switching devices (such as power MOSFET switches with parasitic antiparallel diodes).
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N由n对反并联的双层功率开关N1和N2组成，上层功率开关N1由功率开关N11,…,Nn1构成，下层功率开关N2由功率开关N12,…,Nn2构成；所述下桥臂功率开关矩阵S由n对反并联的双层功率开关S1和S2组成，上层功率开关S1由功率开关S11,…,Sn1构成，下层功率开关S2由功率开关S12,…,Sn2构成，n为电池组中单体电池的个数。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches N1 and N2, the upper power switch N1 is composed of power switches N11,...,Nn1, and the lower power switch N2 is composed of power switches N12,...,Nn2 The power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches S1 and S2, the upper power switch S1 is composed of power switches S11,...,Sn1, and the lower power switch S2 is composed of power switches S12,... , composed of Sn2, n is the number of single cells in the battery pack.
所述电压源E由电池组经DC/DC提供或者电池组以外的蓄电池组提供。The voltage source E is provided by a battery pack via DC/DC or a battery pack other than the battery pack.
本实用新型的工作原理是：The working principle of the utility model is:
本实用新型中以电感L为储能元件，通过开关的PWM控制使均衡能量在单体电池与均衡电路之间转移。均衡电路中的功率开关均采用逆导型功率开关，基于典型的降压斩波电路工作原理和升压斩波电路工作原理，电池组放电时通过降低电池组中电压或SOC最低的单体电池的放电电流来提高整个电池组的放电容量，电池组充电时通过降低电池组中电压或SOC最高的单体电池的充电电流来提高整个电池组的充电容量。在实际应用时，可以根据所用各单体电池的荷电状态不一致程度，通过调节占空比来调节均衡电流的大小。In the utility model, the inductance L is used as an energy storage element, and the balanced energy is transferred between the single battery and the balanced circuit through the PWM control of the switch. The power switches in the equalization circuit are all reverse-conducting power switches. Based on the working principle of the typical step-down chopper circuit and boost chopper circuit, when the battery pack is discharged, the single battery with the lowest voltage or SOC in the battery pack is reduced. The discharge current of the battery pack is used to increase the discharge capacity of the entire battery pack. When the battery pack is charged, the charging capacity of the entire battery pack is increased by reducing the charging current of the single battery with the highest voltage or SOC in the battery pack. In actual application, the magnitude of the equalizing current can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle according to the degree of inconsistency of the states of charge of the single cells used.
当n个串联的单体电池组成的电池组处于放电或静置状态时，电池组中具有最低荷电状态或最低端电压的第j个电池Cellj被均衡电路充电，而同组中其它所有的单体电池均不受影响，均衡能量从均衡器向电池Cellj转移；当n个串联的单体电池组成的电池组处于充电状态时，电池组中具有最高荷电状态或最高端电压的第i个电池Celli被均衡电路放电，而同组中其它所有的单体电池均不受影响，均衡能量从电池Celli向均衡器转移；When a battery pack consisting of n series-connected single cells is in a discharging or resting state, the jth battery Cellj with the lowest state of charge or lowest terminal voltage in the battery pack is charged by the balancing circuit, while all other batteries in the same pack The single cells are not affected, and the equalization energy is transferred from the equalizer to the battery Cellj; when the battery pack composed of n single cells in series is in the charging state, the i-th cell with the highest state of charge or the highest terminal voltage in the battery pack A battery Celli is discharged by the equalization circuit, while all other single batteries in the same group are not affected, and the equalization energy is transferred from the battery Celli to the equalizer;
当n个串联的单体电池组成的电池组处于放电或静置状态时：控制Cellj的充电开关Nj1和Sj1一直处于导通状态，对主控开关M1进行PWM控制，均衡电路为典型的降压斩波电路，且Cellj处于降压斩波电路的输出端，因此Cellj在主控开关导通和关断期间均有均衡充电电流；When the battery pack composed of n single cells in series is in the discharge or static state: the charging switches Nj1 and Sj1 that control Cellj are always in the on state, and the main control switch M1 is PWM controlled, and the equalization circuit is a typical step-down chopper circuit, and Cellj is at the output end of the step-down chopper circuit, so Cellj has a balanced charging current during the turn-on and turn-off periods of the main control switch;
当n个串联的单体电池组成的电池组处于充电状态时：控制Celli的放电开关Ni2和Si2一直处于导通状态，对主控开关M2进行PWM控制，均衡电路为典型的升压斩波电路，且Celli处于升压斩波电路的输入端，因此Celli在主控开关导通和关断期间均有均衡放电电流。When the battery pack composed of n single cells in series is in the charging state: the discharge switches Ni2 and Si2 that control Celli are always in the on state, and the main control switch M2 is PWM controlled, and the equalization circuit is a typical boost chopper circuit , and Celli is at the input end of the boost chopper circuit, so Celli has a balanced discharge current during the turn-on and turn-off periods of the main control switch.
本实用新型的有益效果是：拓扑电路原理简单，电池组充电时，被均衡的单体电池处于升压斩波电路的输入端，其放电均衡电流在PWM周期内连续；电池组放电或静置时，被均衡的单体电池处于降压斩波电路的输出端，其充电均衡电流在PWM周期内连续。均衡期间，除了被均衡的单体电池，同组中的其它单体电池均不受影响。均衡电流连续，且可控性强，均衡效率高。使用时，只需设定主控开关的PWM频率和合适的占空比，其被均衡的单体电池的相应开关通过开关矩阵使其处于导通状态即可，这样既降低了开关损耗又使功率开关器件的控制电路简单化。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the topology circuit principle is simple, when the battery pack is charged, the balanced single battery is at the input end of the step-up chopper circuit, and its discharge equalization current is continuous in the PWM cycle; the battery pack discharges or stands still At this time, the balanced single battery is at the output end of the step-down chopper circuit, and its charge equalization current is continuous in the PWM cycle. During equalization, except for the single cell being balanced, other single cells in the same group are not affected. The equalization current is continuous, and the controllability is strong, and the equalization efficiency is high. When in use, you only need to set the PWM frequency of the main control switch and an appropriate duty cycle, and the corresponding switch of the single battery to be balanced can be turned on through the switch matrix, which not only reduces the switching loss but also makes the The control circuit of the power switching device is simplified.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型拓扑电路原理图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the utility model topology circuit;
图2是电池组充电时的均衡电路工作原理图；Figure 2 is a working principle diagram of the equalization circuit when the battery pack is charging;
图3是图2所示均衡过程的等效电路；Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit of the equalization process shown in Fig. 2;
图4是图2所示均衡过程的相关波形图；Fig. 4 is the correlative waveform diagram of equalization process shown in Fig. 2;
图5是电池组放电时的均衡电路工作原理图Figure 5 is a working principle diagram of the equalization circuit when the battery pack is discharged
图6是图5所示均衡过程的等效电路；Fig. 6 is the equivalent circuit of the equalization process shown in Fig. 5;
图7是图5所示均衡过程的相关波形图。FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram related to the equalization process shown in FIG. 5 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1：如图1-7所示，一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，包括上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、电感L、电压源E、两个主控开关M1和M2；其中上桥臂功率开关矩阵N和下桥臂功率矩阵S均为由n对反向串联的功率开关组成的双层功率开关矩阵；上桥臂的上层n个功率开关的上端均与电感L的一端相连且其下层n个开关的下端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的正极；下桥臂的下层n个开关的上端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的负极且其下层n个功率开关的下端均与主控开关M2的一端和电压源E的负极相连；主控开关M2的另一端和M1的一端同时与电感L的另一端相连，主控开关M1的另一端和电压源E的正极相连。Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-7, a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit for a double-layer bridge arm series battery pack, including an upper bridge arm power switch matrix N, a lower bridge arm power switch matrix S, an inductor L, and a voltage source E , two main control switches M1 and M2; wherein the power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm and the power matrix S of the lower bridge arm are two-layer power switch matrices composed of n pairs of power switches in reverse series; the upper layer n of the upper bridge arm The upper ends of the power switches are all connected to one end of the inductor L, and the n lead-out lines at the lower ends of the n switches in the lower layer are respectively connected to the positive poles of n single cells connected in series; The lead wires are respectively connected to the negative poles of n single cells in series, and the lower ends of the n power switches on the lower layer are connected to one end of the main control switch M2 and the negative pole of the voltage source E; the other end of the main control switch M2 is connected to one end of M1 at the same time It is connected to the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of the main control switch M1 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source E.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、主控开关M1和M2均为逆导型功率开关器件。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm, the power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm, and the main control switches M1 and M2 are all reverse-conducting power switching devices.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N由n对反并联的双层功率开关N1和N2组成，上层功率开关N1由功率开关N11,…,Nn1构成，下层功率开关N2由功率开关N12,…,Nn2构成；所述下桥臂功率开关矩阵S由n对反并联的双层功率开关S1和S2组成，上层功率开关S1由功率开关S11,…,Sn1构成，下层功率开关S2由功率开关S12,…,Sn2构成，n为电池组中单体电池的个数。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches N1 and N2, the upper power switch N1 is composed of power switches N11,...,Nn1, and the lower power switch N2 is composed of power switches N12,...,Nn2 The power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches S1 and S2, the upper power switch S1 is composed of power switches S11,...,Sn1, and the lower power switch S2 is composed of power switches S12,... , composed of Sn2, n is the number of single cells in the battery pack.
所述电压源E由电池组经DC/DC提供或者电池组以外的蓄电池组提供。The voltage source E is provided by a battery pack via DC/DC or a battery pack other than the battery pack.
如图2所示，电池组处于充电状态时，假设电池组中单体电池Cell2的端电压最高，均衡时：通过回路①，单体电池Cell2释放能量，而电感L储能；通过回路②，能量由电感L向电压源E转移。即均衡时通过回路①和回路②，能量由高电压单体电池Cell2向均衡电路转移。As shown in Figure 2, when the battery pack is in the charging state, it is assumed that the terminal voltage of the single battery Cell2 in the battery pack is the highest. When equalizing: through the circuit ①, the single battery Cell2 releases energy, and the inductor L stores energy; through the circuit ②, Energy is transferred from the inductor L to the voltage source E. That is, through loop ① and loop ② during equalization, the energy is transferred from the high-voltage single battery Cell2 to the equalization circuit.
如图3、4所示，为图2的等效均衡电路和相关波形，其中U2为单体电池Cell2的端电压，“on”代表开开关处于导通状态，“off”代表开关处于关断状态，i为电池Cell2均衡放电电流波形。等效的均衡电路为典型的升降压斩波电路，被均衡的单体电池Cell2处于升压斩波电路的输入端。均衡时，控制放电开关矩阵中Cell2的放电开关N22和S22一直处于导通状态，而对主控开关M2进行PWM控制。当开关M2导通时，回路①被激活，单体电池Cell2放电，电感储能，电感上的电流上；当开关M2断开时，回路②被激活，电感上的能量通过开关M1的反并联二极管D1向电压源E转移，电感上的电流下降。As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is the equivalent equalization circuit and related waveforms of Figure 2, where U2 is the terminal voltage of the single battery Cell2, "on" means that the switch is in the conduction state, and "off" means that the switch is in the off state state, i is the waveform of the balanced discharge current of the battery Cell2. The equivalent equalization circuit is a typical buck-boost chopper circuit, and the balanced single battery Cell2 is at the input end of the boost chopper circuit. During equalization, the discharge switches N22 and S22 controlling Cell2 in the discharge switch matrix are always in a conducting state, and PWM control is performed on the main control switch M2. When the switch M2 is turned on, the circuit ① is activated, the single battery Cell2 is discharged, the inductor stores energy, and the current on the inductor is on; when the switch M2 is turned off, the circuit ② is activated, and the energy on the inductor passes through the anti-parallel connection of the switch M1 The diode D1 diverts to the voltage source E, and the current on the inductor drops.
如图5所示，电池组处于放电状态时，假设电池组中单体电池Cell1的端电压最低，均衡时：通过回路①回路②，能量由均衡电路向低电压单体电池Cell1转移。As shown in Figure 5, when the battery pack is in the discharge state, it is assumed that the terminal voltage of the single battery Cell1 in the battery pack is the lowest. During equalization: through the circuit ① loop ②, the energy is transferred from the equalization circuit to the low-voltage single battery Cell1.
如图6、7所示，为图5的等效均衡电路和相关波形，其中U1为单体电池Cell1的端电压，i为电池Cell1均衡充电电流波形，等效的均衡电路为典型的降压斩波电路，被均衡的单体电池Cell1处于降压斩波电路的输出端。均衡时，控制充电矩阵中Cell1的充电开关N11和S11一直处于导通状态，而对主控开关M1进行PWM控制。当开关M1导通时，回路①被激活，电源E向单体电池Cell1充电，同时电感LL储能，电感上的电流上；当开关M1断开时，回路②被激活，电感上的能量通过开关M2的反并联二极管D2向单体电池Cell1转移，电感上的电流下降。As shown in Figures 6 and 7, they are the equivalent equalization circuit and related waveforms of Figure 5, where U1 is the terminal voltage of the single battery Cell1, i is the equalization charging current waveform of the battery Cell1, and the equivalent equalization circuit is a typical step-down In the chopper circuit, the balanced single battery Cell1 is at the output end of the step-down chopper circuit. During equalization, the charging switches N11 and S11 controlling Cell1 in the charging matrix are always in a conducting state, and PWM control is performed on the main control switch M1. When the switch M1 is turned on, the circuit ① is activated, the power supply E charges the single battery Cell1, and the inductor LL stores energy, and the current on the inductor increases; when the switch M1 is turned off, the circuit ② is activated, and the energy on the inductor passes through The anti-parallel diode D2 of the switch M2 transfers to the single battery Cell1, and the current on the inductor drops.
实施例2：如图1-7所示，一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，包括上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、电感L、电压源E、两个主控开关M1和M2；其中上桥臂功率开关矩阵N和下桥臂功率矩阵S均为由n对反向串联的功率开关组成的双层功率开关矩阵；上桥臂的上层n个功率开关的上端均与电感L的一端相连且其下层n个开关的下端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的正极；下桥臂的下层n个开关的上端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的负极且其下层n个功率开关的下端均与主控开关M2的一端和电压源E的负极相连；主控开关M2的另一端和M1的一端同时与电感L的另一端相连，主控开关M1的另一端和电压源E的正极相连。Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 1-7, a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit for a double-layer bridge arm series battery pack, including an upper bridge arm power switch matrix N, a lower bridge arm power switch matrix S, an inductor L, and a voltage source E , two main control switches M1 and M2; wherein the power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm and the power matrix S of the lower bridge arm are two-layer power switch matrices composed of n pairs of power switches in reverse series; the upper layer n of the upper bridge arm The upper ends of the power switches are all connected to one end of the inductor L, and the n lead-out lines at the lower ends of the n switches in the lower layer are respectively connected to the positive poles of n single cells connected in series; The lead wires are respectively connected to the negative poles of n single cells in series, and the lower ends of the n power switches on the lower layer are connected to one end of the main control switch M2 and the negative pole of the voltage source E; the other end of the main control switch M2 is connected to one end of M1 at the same time It is connected to the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of the main control switch M1 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source E.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、主控开关M1和M2均为逆导型功率开关器件。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm, the power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm, and the main control switches M1 and M2 are all reverse-conducting power switching devices.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N由n对反并联的双层功率开关N1和N2组成，上层功率开关N1由功率开关N11,…,Nn1构成，下层功率开关N2由功率开关N12,…,Nn2构成；所述下桥臂功率开关矩阵S由n对反并联的双层功率开关S1和S2组成，上层功率开关S1由功率开关S11,…,Sn1构成，下层功率开关S2由功率开关S12,…,Sn2构成，n为电池组中单体电池的个数。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches N1 and N2, the upper power switch N1 is composed of power switches N11,...,Nn1, and the lower power switch N2 is composed of power switches N12,...,Nn2 The power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches S1 and S2, the upper power switch S1 is composed of power switches S11,...,Sn1, and the lower power switch S2 is composed of power switches S12,... , composed of Sn2, n is the number of single cells in the battery pack.
所述电压源E由电池组经DC/DC提供。The voltage source E is provided by a battery pack via DC/DC.
实施例3：如图1-7所示，一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，包括上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、电感L、电压源E、两个主控开关M1和M2；其中上桥臂功率开关矩阵N和下桥臂功率矩阵S均为由n对反向串联的功率开关组成的双层功率开关矩阵；上桥臂的上层n个功率开关的上端均与电感L的一端相连且其下层n个开关的下端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的正极；下桥臂的下层n个开关的上端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的负极且其下层n个功率开关的下端均与主控开关M2的一端和电压源E的负极相连；主控开关M2的另一端和M1的一端同时与电感L的另一端相连，主控开关M1的另一端和电压源E的正极相连。Embodiment 3: As shown in Figure 1-7, a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit for a double-layer bridge arm series battery pack, including an upper bridge arm power switch matrix N, a lower bridge arm power switch matrix S, an inductor L, and a voltage source E , two main control switches M1 and M2; wherein the power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm and the power matrix S of the lower bridge arm are two-layer power switch matrices composed of n pairs of power switches in reverse series; the upper layer n of the upper bridge arm The upper ends of the power switches are all connected to one end of the inductor L, and the n lead-out lines at the lower ends of the n switches in the lower layer are respectively connected to the positive poles of n single cells connected in series; The lead wires are respectively connected to the negative poles of n single cells in series, and the lower ends of the n power switches on the lower layer are connected to one end of the main control switch M2 and the negative pole of the voltage source E; the other end of the main control switch M2 is connected to one end of M1 at the same time It is connected to the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of the main control switch M1 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source E.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、主控开关M1和M2均为逆导型功率开关器件。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm, the power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm, and the main control switches M1 and M2 are all reverse-conducting power switching devices.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N由n对反并联的双层功率开关N1和N2组成，上层功率开关N1由功率开关N11,…,Nn1构成，下层功率开关N2由功率开关N12,…,Nn2构成；所述下桥臂功率开关矩阵S由n对反并联的双层功率开关S1和S2组成，上层功率开关S1由功率开关S11,…,Sn1构成，下层功率开关S2由功率开关S12,…,Sn2构成，n为电池组中单体电池的个数。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches N1 and N2, the upper power switch N1 is composed of power switches N11,...,Nn1, and the lower power switch N2 is composed of power switches N12,...,Nn2 The power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches S1 and S2, the upper power switch S1 is composed of power switches S11,...,Sn1, and the lower power switch S2 is composed of power switches S12,... , composed of Sn2, n is the number of single cells in the battery pack.
所述电压源E由电池组以外的蓄电池组提供。The voltage source E is provided by a battery pack other than the battery pack.
实施例4：如图1-7所示，一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，包括上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、电感L、电压源E、两个主控开关M1和M2；其中上桥臂功率开关矩阵N和下桥臂功率矩阵S均为由n对反向串联的功率开关组成的双层功率开关矩阵；上桥臂的上层n个功率开关的上端均与电感L的一端相连且其下层n个开关的下端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的正极；下桥臂的下层n个开关的上端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的负极且其下层n个功率开关的下端均与主控开关M2的一端和电压源E的负极相连；主控开关M2的另一端和M1的一端同时与电感L的另一端相连，主控开关M1的另一端和电压源E的正极相连。Embodiment 4: As shown in Figure 1-7, a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit for a double-layer bridge arm series battery pack, including an upper bridge arm power switch matrix N, a lower bridge arm power switch matrix S, an inductor L, and a voltage source E , two main control switches M1 and M2; wherein the power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm and the power matrix S of the lower bridge arm are two-layer power switch matrices composed of n pairs of power switches in reverse series; the upper layer n of the upper bridge arm The upper ends of the power switches are all connected to one end of the inductor L, and the n lead-out lines at the lower ends of the n switches in the lower layer are respectively connected to the positive poles of n single cells connected in series; The lead wires are respectively connected to the negative poles of n single cells in series, and the lower ends of the n power switches on the lower layer are connected to one end of the main control switch M2 and the negative pole of the voltage source E; the other end of the main control switch M2 is connected to one end of M1 at the same time It is connected to the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of the main control switch M1 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source E.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、主控开关M1和M2均为逆导型功率开关器件。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm, the power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm, and the main control switches M1 and M2 are all reverse-conducting power switching devices.
所述上桥臂功率开关矩阵N由n对反并联的双层功率开关N1和N2组成，上层功率开关N1由功率开关N11,…,Nn1构成，下层功率开关N2由功率开关N12,…,Nn2构成；所述下桥臂功率开关矩阵S由n对反并联的双层功率开关S1和S2组成，上层功率开关S1由功率开关S11,…,Sn1构成，下层功率开关S2由功率开关S12,…,Sn2构成，n为电池组中单体电池的个数。The power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches N1 and N2, the upper power switch N1 is composed of power switches N11,...,Nn1, and the lower power switch N2 is composed of power switches N12,...,Nn2 The power switch matrix S of the lower bridge arm is composed of n pairs of anti-parallel double-layer power switches S1 and S2, the upper power switch S1 is composed of power switches S11,...,Sn1, and the lower power switch S2 is composed of power switches S12,... , composed of Sn2, n is the number of single cells in the battery pack.
实施例5：如图1-7所示，一种双层桥臂串联蓄电池组高效均衡器拓扑电路，包括上桥臂功率开关矩阵N、下桥臂功率开关矩阵S、电感L、电压源E、两个主控开关M1和M2；其中上桥臂功率开关矩阵N和下桥臂功率矩阵S均为由n对反向串联的功率开关组成的双层功率开关矩阵；上桥臂的上层n个功率开关的上端均与电感L的一端相连且其下层n个开关的下端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的正极；下桥臂的下层n个开关的上端的n条引出线分别接n个串联的单体电池的负极且其下层n个功率开关的下端均与主控开关M2的一端和电压源E的负极相连；主控开关M2的另一端和M1的一端同时与电感L的另一端相连，主控开关M1的另一端和电压源E的正极相连。Embodiment 5: As shown in Figure 1-7, a high-efficiency equalizer topology circuit for a double-layer bridge arm series battery pack, including an upper bridge arm power switch matrix N, a lower bridge arm power switch matrix S, an inductor L, and a voltage source E , two main control switches M1 and M2; wherein the power switch matrix N of the upper bridge arm and the power matrix S of the lower bridge arm are two-layer power switch matrices composed of n pairs of power switches in reverse series; the upper layer n of the upper bridge arm The upper ends of the power switches are all connected to one end of the inductor L, and the n lead-out lines at the lower ends of the n switches in the lower layer are respectively connected to the positive poles of n single cells connected in series; The lead wires are respectively connected to the negative poles of n single cells in series, and the lower ends of the n power switches on the lower layer are connected to one end of the main control switch M2 and the negative pole of the voltage source E; the other end of the main control switch M2 is connected to one end of M1 at the same time It is connected to the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of the main control switch M1 is connected to the positive pole of the voltage source E.
上面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式作了详细说明，但是本实用新型并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本实用新型宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。The specific implementation of the utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation. Various changes are made.
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| CN201420863021.1UCN204376462U (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | The efficient equalizer topological circuit of a kind of double-deck brachium pontis series-connected batteries |
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| CN201420863021.1UCN204376462U (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | The efficient equalizer topological circuit of a kind of double-deck brachium pontis series-connected batteries |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104578288A (en)* | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Double-level-bridge-arm series connection storage cell pack efficient equalizer topology circuit and control method thereof |
| CN105811030A (en)* | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Lithium-ion battery system balancer and control method thereof |
| CN110962631A (en)* | 2018-12-29 | 2020-04-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery heating system and control method thereof |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104578288A (en)* | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Double-level-bridge-arm series connection storage cell pack efficient equalizer topology circuit and control method thereof |
| CN105811030A (en)* | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Lithium-ion battery system balancer and control method thereof |
| CN105811030B (en)* | 2016-04-26 | 2019-09-27 | 昆明理工大学 | A lithium-ion battery system equalizer and control method thereof |
| CN110962631A (en)* | 2018-12-29 | 2020-04-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery heating system and control method thereof |
| CN110962631B (en)* | 2018-12-29 | 2020-11-17 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery heating system and control method thereof |
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