所属技术领域Technical field
本实用新型涉及一种免缝固定式腹腔引流管，属于医疗器械技术领域。The utility model relates to a seam-free fixed abdominal drainage tube, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.
背景技术Background technique
目前临床上使用的腹腔引流管，其固定于人体的方式类似于斜拉桥结构(图5)，即在管旁皮肤缝合一到两针，再将缝线扎于引流管上，从而起到防止引流管移位的作用。然而此种情况下经常会出现引流管通过缝线牵拉皮肤造成局部明显疼痛的现象，特别是有不少外科医生由于技术不熟练从未认识到该问题、粗枝大叶或者追求手术速度而草草了事等种种原因，打结时将缝线绷的过紧，导致一些患者出现不能忍受的剧烈疼痛，影响术后恢复和生活质量，另外对部分因病情持续或进展，短期内无法拔管的患者，长时间的牵拉将造成皮肤缺血坏死进而缝线松动或脱落，需要再次甚至反复缝合，导致局部组织毁损和炎症感染，最终形成恶性循环，进一步增加患者痛苦，且由于引流管失去固定措施，若未加以注意比如在夜间睡眠时发生，则有可能造成引流管完全脱出甚至掉入体内的严重后果，本实用新型作者在临床工作中即遇到多起引流管在患者早晨醒后才发现已完全脱出的事件。The abdominal drainage tube currently used clinically is fixed to the human body in a manner similar to that of a cable-stayed bridge structure (Figure 5), that is, one or two stitches are sutured on the skin next to the tube, and then the suture is tied on the drainage tube to play a role. To prevent displacement of the drainage tube. However, in this case, the drainage tube often pulls the skin through sutures and causes local obvious pain, especially because many surgeons have never realized the problem due to unskilled techniques, carelessness or pursuit of surgical speed. For various reasons, the sutures were stretched too tightly when tying the knot, which caused unbearable severe pain in some patients, which affected postoperative recovery and quality of life. Long-term stretching will cause skin ischemic necrosis and sutures will loosen or fall off, requiring repeated or even repeated sutures, leading to local tissue damage and inflammation and infection, eventually forming a vicious circle, which further increases the suffering of patients. If not paid attention to, such as when sleeping at night, it may cause the serious consequences of the drainage tube falling out completely or even falling into the body. completely out of event.
当然通过检索发现一些临床上尚未见有大规模应用的引流管固定器，例如专利号分别为ZL 201220157246.6和ZL 201120361689.2的实用新型专利，原理均为利用底部的胶板与皮肤粘合，而后上部与引流管进行连接，虽然消除了上述的缝线牵拉结构，但其缺点在于利用胶板与皮肤固定有失稳妥，而且易受人体分泌物、消毒液等的影响导致粘合作用减弱，存在引流管移位甚至脱出的风险，若粘性太强则可能对皮肤造成过敏、炎症、撕脱等损害，此外它们占用的空间相对比较大，可能给患者造成身体不适和活动不便，而且不利于消毒换药和敷料包扎，带致病微生物的污物容易在局部积存。与缝线固定相比并无重大突破和绝对优势。而专利号为ZL 201120379404.8的“防脱落腹腔引流管”，采用固定在引流管上的内气囊和外气囊设计，没有考虑到不同患者的腹壁厚度不同，以及不同手术其引流管戳口与目标引流区域距离不同和某些患者需要分次逐步拔除引流管的情况，临床实用价值有限。Of course, some drainage tube holders that have not been widely used clinically have been found through searching, such as utility model patents with patent numbers ZL 201220157246.6 and ZL 201120361689.2. Drainage tube connection, although the above-mentioned suture pulling structure is eliminated, its disadvantage is that the use of rubber plates to fix the skin is not secure, and it is easily affected by human secretions, disinfectants, etc., resulting in weakened adhesion and drainage. If the stickiness is too strong, it may cause allergies, inflammation, avulsion and other damage to the skin. In addition, they occupy a relatively large space, which may cause physical discomfort and inconvenience to the patient, and is not conducive to disinfection and replacement. Medicines and dressings, dirt with pathogenic microorganisms tend to accumulate locally. Compared with suture fixation, there is no major breakthrough and absolute advantage. The patent No. ZL 201120379404.8 "anti-falling abdominal drainage tube" adopts the design of inner balloon and outer balloon fixed on the drainage tube, which does not take into account the different thickness of the abdominal wall of different patients, and the difference between the poking opening of the drainage tube and the target drainage in different surgeries. The clinical practical value is limited in the case of different regional distances and some patients need to remove the drainage tube step by step.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有引流管固定后存在的牵拉皮肤导致疼痛甚至组织坏死感染、缝线松动脱落、引流管移位等不足，本实用新型提供一种免缝固定式腹腔引流管，无需缝合即可固定于人体。In order to overcome the deficiencies of existing drainage tubes such as pulling the skin, causing pain, even tissue necrosis, infection, loose sutures, and displacement of the drainage tube, the utility model provides a seam-free fixed abdominal drainage tube, which can be used without sutures fixed in the human body.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：在采用软质橡胶或硅胶材料制作的引流管主体上有气囊，在气囊远侧有可与引流管分离的外部固定装置，在外部固定装置上有容纳引流管通过的孔洞，引流管与外部固定装置接触的部位受压变细而被外部固定装置卡住，相互间形成牢靠的连接关系。术中将引流管穿过腹壁使气囊位于腹腔内，经注气口注入空气或水充满气囊，向外牵拉引流管使膨胀后的气囊紧贴腹壁内侧，而后在腹壁外侧使引流管穿过外部固定装置上的圆孔，紧贴皮肤操作外部固定装置使之卡住引流管，即完成引流管的固定。膨胀后的气囊防止引流管向外脱出，外部固定装置则限制引流管向内移位。The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: there is an air bag on the main body of the drainage tube made of soft rubber or silica gel material, and an external fixing device that can be separated from the drainage tube is arranged on the far side of the air bag. There are holes for the drainage tube to pass through, and the part where the drainage tube contacts the external fixing device becomes thinner under pressure and is stuck by the external fixing device, forming a firm connection with each other. During the operation, the drainage tube is passed through the abdominal wall so that the air bag is located in the abdominal cavity, and air or water is injected through the gas injection port to fill the air bag, and the drainage tube is pulled outward to make the inflated air bag close to the inner side of the abdominal wall, and then the drainage tube is passed through the outer side of the abdominal wall The round hole on the fixing device is close to the skin and the external fixing device is operated to make it block the drainage tube, which completes the fixing of the drainage tube. The inflated balloon prevents the drainage tube from protruding outward, and the external fixation device restricts the drainage tube from moving inward.
本实用新型的有益效果是，使患者免受缝线牵拉导致的一系列并发症，固定效果确切可靠，结构简单，使用方便。适用于各种腹部外科手术。The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the patient is freed from a series of complications caused by suture pulling, the fixing effect is accurate and reliable, the structure is simple, and the use is convenient. Suitable for all kinds of abdominal surgery.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型一个优选实施例的总体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
图2是该优选实施例中外部固定装置的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the external fixation device in this preferred embodiment.
图3是该优选实施例中外部固定装置的卡齿和卡槽的具体结构及二者结合与分离过程的局部剖视图。Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the specific structure of the latches and slots of the external fixation device in this preferred embodiment and the process of combining and separating them.
图4是该优选实施例使用方法的示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the method of use of the preferred embodiment.
图5是传统引流管斜拉桥式固定方法的示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a traditional cable-stayed bridge fixing method for a drainage tube.
图中1.引流管，2.气囊A，3.气囊B，4.气囊A注气口，5.气囊B注气口，6.外部固定装置，7.卡齿，8.卡槽，9.弹簧片，10.螺钉，11.凹槽，12.按钮，13.弹簧，14.凸顶，15.齿状结构，16.腹壁，17.引流管戳口，18.缝线。In the figure 1. Drainage tube, 2. Airbag A, 3. Airbag B, 4. Airbag A gas injection port, 5. Airbag B gas injection port, 6. External fixing device, 7. Detent, 8. Card slot, 9. Spring Sheet, 10. Screw, 11. Groove, 12. Button, 13. Spring, 14. Convex top, 15. Toothed structure, 16. Abdominal wall, 17. Drain tube poke, 18. Suture.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及其对应的实施例对本实用新型作进一步的详细说明。The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and corresponding embodiments thereof.
图1中，引流管(1)主体采用软质橡胶或硅胶材料制作，上有气囊A(2)和气囊B(3)，设置多个气囊一方面是考虑到不同手术其目标引流区域到引流管戳口(17)的距离都不一样，多气囊免去了修剪引流管的麻烦而便于外科医生使用，另一方面是某些患者拔除引流管需要分次逐步进行而不能一次性全部拔出，具体而言4个气囊能够满足绝大多数腹部手术的要求，相邻两个气囊之间的距离大约为2cm，气囊的注气管在引流管(1)管壁内走行，于引流管(1)末段穿出分别形成气囊A注气口(4)和气囊B注气口(5)，其内设有单向阀门或采用弹性材料制作，使之能够自动闭合而不漏气。外部固定装置(6)位于气囊A(2)和气囊B(3)的远侧。In Fig. 1, the main body of the drainage tube (1) is made of soft rubber or silicone material, and there are airbags A (2) and airbags (3) on it. On the one hand, multiple airbags are set to take into account the target drainage area to the drainage area of different operations. The distances of the tube poke openings (17) are different. The multi-balloon eliminates the trouble of trimming the drainage tube and is convenient for the surgeon to use. On the other hand, some patients need to pull out the drainage tube in stages and cannot be pulled out all at once. Specifically, the four airbags can meet the requirements of most abdominal operations. The distance between two adjacent airbags is about 2cm. ) through the end section to form airbag A gas injection port (4) and airbag B gas injection port (5) respectively, which is provided with a one-way valve or made of elastic material, so that it can be automatically closed without air leakage. The external fixation device (6) is located distal to balloon A (2) and balloon B (3).
图2中，外部固定装置(6)由两个完全相同的半圆盘状部件组成，在其内侧面的对称位置分别有向外凸出的卡齿(7)和向内凹陷的卡槽(8)，卡齿(7)插入卡槽(8)内完成组合，外部固定装置(6)中央有容纳引流管(1)通过的圆孔，圆孔直径略小于引流管(1)外径，可使引流管(1)与其接触的部位受压变细而形成牢靠的固定关系，圆孔与引流管(1)接触的侧面还可进行磨砂处理或涂上一层粘胶而进一步防止外部固定装置(6)和引流管(1)之间发生移位。外部固定装置(6)与皮肤接触的底边棱角呈圆弧状，以免对皮肤造成压迫性损伤，同时增加患者舒适度。In Fig. 2, the external fixing device (6) is composed of two identical semi-disc-shaped parts, and there are respectively outwardly protruding locking teeth (7) and inwardly concave locking grooves ( 8), the locking tooth (7) is inserted into the card slot (8) to complete the combination, and the center of the external fixing device (6) has a round hole for the drainage tube (1) to pass through, and the diameter of the round hole is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the drainage tube (1). The part of the drainage tube (1) in contact with it can be compressed to form a firm fixed relationship, and the side of the round hole in contact with the drainage tube (1) can also be frosted or coated with a layer of glue to further prevent external fixation Displacement occurs between the device (6) and the drainage tube (1). The edges and corners of the bottom edge of the external fixation device (6) in contact with the skin are arc-shaped, so as to avoid compressive damage to the skin and increase the patient's comfort.
图3中，卡齿(7)的上表面向下凹陷形成凹槽(11)，其内有一弹簧片(9)，通过位于凹槽(11)头端的螺钉(10)与卡齿(7)固定，弹簧片(9)尾部向上方翘起高于卡齿(7)的上表面；卡槽(8)的上部向上凸起形成凸顶(14)，凸顶(14)的前方为齿状结构(15)，齿状结构(15)后方有一带弹簧(13)的按钮(12)穿过凸顶(14)上方的天花板。将卡齿(7)插入卡槽(8)内，由于凹槽(11)内的弹簧片(9)和卡槽(8)内的齿状结构(15)相互阻挡，卡齿(7)将无法自动退出卡槽(8)，二者结合紧密，患者日常活动时不会发生意外脱落。如需拆卸，必须同时按下两个卡槽(8)上方的按钮(12)，将弹簧片(9)尾部压入卡齿(7)的凹槽(11)内，解除其与卡槽(8)内齿状结构(15)的阻挡关系，卡齿(7)方可顺利退出卡槽(8)。In Fig. 3, the upper surface of the locking tooth (7) is sunken downward to form a groove (11), and there is a spring leaf (9) in it, through the screw (10) at the head end of the groove (11) and the locking tooth (7) Fixed, the tail of the spring leaf (9) is tilted upwards higher than the upper surface of the locking tooth (7); the upper part of the locking groove (8) protrudes upwards to form a convex top (14), and the front of the convex top (14) is tooth-shaped Structure (15), the button (12) of a band spring (13) is arranged to pass the ceiling above the convex top (14) at the toothed structure (15) rear. Insert the locking tooth (7) into the locking slot (8), because the spring piece (9) in the groove (11) and the tooth-like structure (15) in the locking slot (8) block each other, the locking tooth (7) will The card slot (8) cannot be automatically withdrawn, and the two are tightly combined, so that the patient will not accidentally fall off during daily activities. If it needs to be disassembled, the button (12) above the two card slots (8) must be pressed at the same time, and the tail of the spring piece (9) should be pressed into the groove (11) of the card tooth (7) to release it from the card slot ( 8) Due to the blocking relationship of the inner tooth structure (15), the locking tooth (7) can smoothly exit the locking groove (8).
图4中，将引流管(1)经引流管戳口(17)穿过腹壁(16)，使气囊A(2)和气囊B(3)位于腹腔内，如目标引流区域离引流管戳口(17)较近，还可向外牵拉引流管(1)使气囊A(2)位于腹腔外，经注气口注入空气充满气囊，若估计引流管(1)短时间内不能拔除，则可以改为注水，因为空气相对而言比较容易泄漏，向外牵拉引流管(1)使膨胀后的气囊紧贴腹壁(16)内侧，而后在腹壁(16)外侧使引流管(1)穿过外部固定装置(6)中央的圆孔，紧贴皮肤将外部固定装置(6)的两个部件进行组合，即完成引流管(1)的固定。用注射器抽出气囊中的空气或水后可进行拔管。In Figure 4, the drainage tube (1) is passed through the abdominal wall (16) through the drainage tube opening (17), so that the air bag A (2) and the air bag B (3) are located in the abdominal cavity, such as the target drainage area is far from the drainage tube opening. (17) is closer, and the drainage tube (1) can be pulled outward so that the air bag A (2) is located outside the abdominal cavity, and air is injected through the gas injection port to fill the air bag. If it is estimated that the drainage tube (1) cannot be removed in a short time, it can be Change to water injection, because air is relatively easy to leak, pull the drainage tube (1) outward to make the inflated air bag close to the inner side of the abdominal wall (16), and then pass the drainage tube (1) through the outer side of the abdominal wall (16) The round hole in the center of the external fixation device (6) is close to the skin to combine the two parts of the external fixation device (6), which completes the fixation of the drainage tube (1). Extubation can be performed by withdrawing the air or water from the balloon with a syringe.
当然，在此需要特别说明的是这些附图均为简化的示意图，其主要作用是反映本实用新型的设计思想和技术原理等核心内容，而非限定本实用新型的构造，本实用新型的最终形式尤其是细节方面并不拘泥于所列附图，在遵循本实用新型设计思想和技术原理的情况下，还可以对上述实施例作出许多修改，例如改变外部固定装置(6)的形状、组合方式、组合与分离的控制机构，外部固定装置(6)不采用组合式结构而是在其圆孔内设置环形气囊使之包含未充气的大孔和充气后的小孔两种状态，等等，这些都没有脱离本实用新型的实质，都应当属于本实用新型的保护范围，这里不再一一列出。Of course, what needs to be specially explained here is that these drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and their main function is to reflect the core content such as the design idea and technical principle of the utility model, rather than limit the structure of the utility model, and the final structure of the utility model The form, especially the details, are not limited to the listed drawings. Under the situation of following the design idea and technical principle of the utility model, many modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments, such as changing the shape and combination of the external fixing device (6) method, combined and separated control mechanism, the external fixing device (6) does not adopt a combined structure but an annular airbag is set in its round hole so that it includes two states of an uninflated large hole and an inflated small hole, etc. , these all do not deviate from the essence of the utility model, all should belong to the protection domain of the utility model, no longer list one by one here.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420836884.XUCN204337486U (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Exempt to stitch fixed peritoneal cavity drainage tube |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420836884.XUCN204337486U (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Exempt to stitch fixed peritoneal cavity drainage tube |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204337486Utrue CN204337486U (en) | 2015-05-20 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420836884.XUExpired - Fee RelatedCN204337486U (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Exempt to stitch fixed peritoneal cavity drainage tube |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204337486U (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105879198A (en)* | 2014-12-23 | 2016-08-24 | 吴有军 | Fixed abdominal cavity drainage tube capable of avoiding suture |
| CN106606811A (en)* | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-03 | 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院 | Reinforced-fixed temperature measuring pleuroperitoneal cavity drainage tube |
| CN107441612A (en)* | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-08 | 东莞东华医院 | Umbilical cord arteriovenous puts pipe novel bridge type fixation |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105879198A (en)* | 2014-12-23 | 2016-08-24 | 吴有军 | Fixed abdominal cavity drainage tube capable of avoiding suture |
| CN106606811A (en)* | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-03 | 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院 | Reinforced-fixed temperature measuring pleuroperitoneal cavity drainage tube |
| CN107441612A (en)* | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-08 | 东莞东华医院 | Umbilical cord arteriovenous puts pipe novel bridge type fixation |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US11291576B2 (en) | Disposable stoma plug and method of use thereof | |
| US10188542B2 (en) | Complete flow diversion intestinal ostomy surgery kit | |
| EP1477197A1 (en) | Device for holding a tracheal cannula | |
| CN204337486U (en) | Exempt to stitch fixed peritoneal cavity drainage tube | |
| CN107670160A (en) | The drainage tube of surrounding tissue is destroyed when preventing from extracting | |
| CN102389346B (en) | Bladder stoma without urine collecting bag | |
| CN105879198A (en) | Fixed abdominal cavity drainage tube capable of avoiding suture | |
| CN203417399U (en) | Ileum fistulization tube | |
| CN108670431B (en) | A kind of anti-infectious expander | |
| CN204446942U (en) | With the Multifunctional stomach tube of dilating sacculus | |
| CN202961486U (en) | Air bag expander for esophageal achalasia | |
| CN205964683U (en) | Washout type drainage tube | |
| CN209933139U (en) | An abdominal wall conduit and a transabdominal adjustable ileostomy device | |
| CN211271432U (en) | Esophagus tectorial membrane support fixer | |
| CN210542822U (en) | an ostomy kit | |
| CN102847226A (en) | Safe leakage-proof ureter | |
| CN207980150U (en) | It is a kind of to exempt to suture the fixed intrathoracic drain with orientation drainage function | |
| CN212522107U (en) | Anti-infection device for drainage tube wound | |
| CN106264641B (en) | Tubal branch stay tube | |
| CN201996966U (en) | Disposable auricle reconstituted plastic negative pressure drainage bottle | |
| CN205494638U (en) | But washout type single tube two -chamber H type drainage tube | |
| CN207520441U (en) | A kind of T-shaped pipe of anti-slip counterflow-preventing | |
| CN223438723U (en) | Hemodialysis internal fistula puncture elbow joint fixing device | |
| CN215024928U (en) | A kind of anti-drop catheter with the ability to prevent urinary tract infection | |
| CN221731782U (en) | Abdominal drainage tube with anti-leakage function |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | Effective date of registration:20170123 Address after:100091 Beijing city Haidian District Montenegro Hu Lujia No. 17 Patentee after:Chinese People's Liberation Army No.309 Hospital Address before:100091 Beijing city Haidian District Montenegro Hu Lujia general surgery 309 Hospital District No. 17 Patentee before:Wu Youjun | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20150520 Termination date:20191223 | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |