技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及绿色能源利用领域，特别涉及一种自适应风光互补供暖系统。 The utility model relates to the field of green energy utilization, in particular to an adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system. the
背景技术Background technique
目前，国内外供暖方式从供暖设备设施划分主要有以下几种类型:一是集中供热。这是比较传统的供暖方式，主要又分为市政热力管网和小区内锅炉集中供热。二是分散式采暖方式:即每户独立成一个供暖体系。三是变频空调，冬季供热、夏季制冷。四是水源中央空调系统，又称地源热泵，利用地下20-30米处120度一350度左右的地下水资源或各类水源，夏季提供5 0C一7 0C的冷水给房间供冷；冬季提供45 0C左右的热水供给房间供暖。 At present, there are mainly the following types of heating methods at home and abroad from the division of heating equipment and facilities: one is central heating. This is a relatively traditional heating method, which is mainly divided into municipal heat pipe network and boiler centralized heating in the community. The second is the decentralized heating method: that is, each household independently forms a heating system. The third is the inverter air conditioner, heating in winter and cooling in summer. The fourth is the water source central air-conditioning system, also known as ground source heat pump, which utilizes groundwater resources or various water sources at 120-350 degrees 20-30 meters underground to provide cold water at 5 0C-7 0C for cooling the room in summer; The hot water around 45 0C is used for room heating. the
上述几种供暖方式分别存在以下问题:①由于许多住宅楼每户住宅内没有分户计量的阀门和热表，住户不能根据自己的需要调整所需的热量。②分散式采暖和变频空调虽然可以根据自己的需要灵活调整采暖时间和温度，但是其造价十分昂贵，另外造成空气污染也是一个必须面对的重要问题。③水源中央空调又称地源热泵，是一种节能环保的供暖方式，但是受地下水限制十分严重。总之，上述供暖方式均存在利用传统能源高碳排放、消耗大、不节能等缺陷，不符合国家低碳环保、节能减排的政策要求。 There are following problems in the above-mentioned several heating modes respectively: 1. because there are not valves and heat meters for household metering in each dwelling house of many residential buildings, the resident can not adjust the required heat according to the needs of oneself. ②Decentralized heating and inverter air conditioners can flexibly adjust the heating time and temperature according to their own needs, but their cost is very expensive, and air pollution is also an important problem that must be faced. ③Water source central air conditioning, also known as ground source heat pump, is an energy-saving and environmentally friendly heating method, but it is severely restricted by groundwater. In short, the above-mentioned heating methods all have the disadvantages of using traditional energy sources such as high carbon emissions, large consumption, and lack of energy conservation, which do not meet the national policy requirements of low-carbon environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction. the
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术中供暖能源对环境的污染和不节能的不足，本实用新型提供一种自适应风光互补供暖系统。本实用新型的技术方案是：一种自适应风光互补供暖系统，该系统中包括风力发电机、光伏发电模块、控制器、升压单元、蓄电池和负载，风力发电机和光伏发电模块的输入端连接控制器，控制器的输出端连接升压单元，升压单元连接蓄电池，升压单元追踪风力发电机和光伏发电模块输出功率的最大功率点，蓄电池连接至少一个负载。 In order to overcome the pollution of heating energy to the environment and the lack of energy saving in the prior art, the utility model provides an adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system. The technical scheme of the utility model is: an adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system, the system includes a wind generator, a photovoltaic power generation module, a controller, a boost unit, a storage battery and a load, and the input end of the wind power generator and the photovoltaic power generation module The controller is connected, the output end of the controller is connected to the boost unit, the boost unit is connected to the battery, the boost unit tracks the maximum power point of the output power of the wind generator and the photovoltaic power generation module, and the battery is connected to at least one load. the
所述蓄电池和各负载之间设有逆变器或斩波器，连接负载时均通过开关连接。所述控制器中包括信号处理单元，信号处理单元根据风力发电机中的转速传感器的转速监测值计算最佳风速，调节系统电路驱动信号的占空比，控制风力发电机的输出功率。所述控制器中利用PID原理处理功率计算，控制器通过风力发电机的转速推测风力发电机最佳的风速，得到最大输出功率，把信号处理单元计算得到的功率与系统的实际功率进行比较，利用PID控制调节误差，产生脉冲宽度调制（PWM）调节DC/AC变换器，改变信号的占空比。 An inverter or a chopper is arranged between the storage battery and each load, and the loads are connected through switches. The controller includes a signal processing unit, which calculates the optimum wind speed according to the speed monitoring value of the speed sensor in the wind power generator, adjusts the duty cycle of the system circuit driving signal, and controls the output power of the wind power generator. In the controller, the PID principle is used to process the power calculation. The controller estimates the optimal wind speed of the wind generator through the speed of the wind generator to obtain the maximum output power, and compares the power calculated by the signal processing unit with the actual power of the system. Use PID control to adjust the error, generate pulse width modulation (PWM) to adjust the DC/AC converter, and change the duty cycle of the signal. the
所述光伏发电模块包括太阳能电板和驱动单元，驱动单元推动太阳能电池板运动。所述驱动单元包括感光传感器、驱动电机，感光传感器把检测信号反馈给驱动系统，驱动单元驱动电机旋转，对太阳能电池板的仰角和方位角进行控制实现光源随动跟踪，使太阳能电池板的日照接触而最大，入射角最佳。所述驱动电机包括至少有一个x轴方向的电机和与x轴数量相同的y轴方向的电机。所述升压单元包括三种模式：风力发电机组单独向负载供电、光伏发电模块单独向负载供电、风力发电机组和光伏发电模块联合向负载供电。 The photovoltaic power generation module includes a solar panel and a drive unit, and the drive unit pushes the solar panel to move. The drive unit includes a photosensitive sensor and a drive motor. The photosensitive sensor feeds back the detection signal to the drive system, and the drive unit drives the motor to rotate, and controls the elevation and azimuth angles of the solar panel to realize the follow-up tracking of the light source, so that the sunshine of the solar panel Contact and the largest, the best angle of incidence. The drive motor includes at least one motor in the direction of the x-axis and the same number of motors in the direction of the y-axis as the number of the x-axis. The step-up unit includes three modes: the wind power generation unit supplies power to the load alone, the photovoltaic power generation module supplies power to the load alone, and the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation module jointly supply power to the load. the
本实用新型有如下积极效果：本实用新型中设置使用了升压单元，升压单元为双输入BOOST单元，该升压单元电路可以实现2种不同性质的电源输入，简化了传统的多输入变换器的电路结构，提高了电压增益，降低了开关器件电压应力，而且升压单元能够追踪风力发电机和光伏发电模块输出功率的最大功率点，保证发电效率，避免了输出功率低时影响系统的稳定性和能量的有效利用率。本实用新型中对风力发电和光伏发电军进行了改进，风力发电中利用PID控制算法，保证了风力发电中可以通过调节电路驱动信号的占空比控制风力发电机的输出功率，进而完成对电功率的调节，从而间接的达到了控制风力发电机转速的目的。光伏发电中安装使用了驱动电机，光伏板可以随光源移动，提高了有效日照时间和工作效率，实现了节能减排、低碳环保的目的，充分利用了风能这种可再生能源。 The utility model has the following positive effects: the utility model is equipped with a booster unit, the booster unit is a double-input BOOST unit, and the booster unit circuit can realize two different types of power input, which simplifies the traditional multi-input conversion The circuit structure of the device improves the voltage gain and reduces the voltage stress of the switching device, and the boost unit can track the maximum power point of the output power of the wind turbine and photovoltaic power generation module to ensure the power generation efficiency and avoid the impact of the system when the output power is low. Stability and efficient utilization of energy. In the utility model, the wind power generation and the photovoltaic power generation are improved. The PID control algorithm is used in the wind power generation to ensure that the output power of the wind power generator can be controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the circuit drive signal in the wind power generation, and then complete the electric power control. The adjustment, thus indirectly achieves the purpose of controlling the speed of the wind turbine. The drive motor is installed and used in photovoltaic power generation, and the photovoltaic panel can move with the light source, which improves the effective sunshine time and work efficiency, realizes the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection, and makes full use of wind energy, a renewable energy source. the
附图说明Description of drawings
图1 是本实用新型中风光互补自适应供暖系统的工作示意图； Fig. 1 is the working diagram of the wind-solar complementary self-adaptive heating system in the utility model;
图2 是本实用新型中控制器的PID原理示意图。Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the PID principle of the controller in the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对照附图，通过对实施例的描述，本实用新型的具体实施方式如所涉及的各构件的形状、构造、各部分之间的相互位置及连接关系、各部分的作用及工作原理、制造工艺及操作使用方法等，作进一步详细的说明，以帮助本领域技术人员对本实用新型的发明构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解。 Below, referring to the accompanying drawings, through the description of the embodiments, the specific implementation of the present utility model, such as the shape and structure of each component involved, the mutual position and connection relationship between each part, the function and working principle of each part, and manufacturing The process, operation and use methods, etc. are further described in detail to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present utility model. the
一种自适应风光互补供暖系统，如图1所示，该系统中包括风力发电机、光伏发电模块、控制器、升压单元、蓄电池和负载，风力发电机和光伏发电模块的输入端连接控制器，控制器的输出端连接升压单元，升压单元连接蓄电池，升压单元既是BOOST单元，BOOST单元追踪风力发电机和光伏发电模块输出功率的最大功率点，蓄电池连接至少一个负载，蓄电池和各负载之间设有逆变器或斩波器，连接负载时均通过开关连接。 An adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system, as shown in Figure 1, the system includes a wind generator, a photovoltaic power generation module, a controller, a booster unit, a storage battery and a load, and the input terminal connection control of the wind power generator and photovoltaic power generation module The output terminal of the controller is connected to the boost unit, and the boost unit is connected to the battery. The boost unit is both a BOOST unit. The BOOST unit tracks the maximum power point of the output power of the wind turbine and the photovoltaic power generation module. The battery is connected to at least one load. There are inverters or choppers between the loads, and the loads are connected through switches. the
风力发电机连接风轮，由风轮转动产生能量转化为电能，风力发电机连接有一整流桥电路和双输入BOOST单元，整流桥电路保证了风力发电机生成输出的是直流电，作为双输入Boost单元的一路输入，光伏电板的输出为直流电，作为双输入Boost单元的另一路输入。升压单元包括三种模式：风力发电机组单独向负载供电、光伏发电模块单独向负载供电、风力发电机组和光伏发电模块联合向负载供电。风力发电模块和光伏模块单独或同时向系统供电，经过直流斩波后，得到蓄电池所需直流充电电压。蓄电池经过DC/DC斩波器后给直流负载供电，如果是交流负载则利用DC /AC逆变器变换到所需交流电压。控制器采集风力机和光伏板所产生的电流信号、蓄电池电压信号、负载侧电流信号，经过处理后产生两路PW M脉冲信号，控制双输入Boost变换器中开关管的通断，实现系统的最大功率点跟踪和蓄电池的充放电控制，同时产生另外两路PWM信号控制DC /DC斩波器和DC/AC逆变器中开关管的通断，保证负载的正常供电，斩波器和逆变器连接负载时中间设有开关，分别控制负载的开启和关闭。 The wind turbine is connected to the wind rotor, and the energy generated by the rotation of the wind rotor is converted into electrical energy. The wind turbine is connected with a rectifier bridge circuit and a dual-input BOOST unit. The rectifier bridge circuit ensures that the output of the wind turbine generator is direct current, which acts as a dual-input Boost unit. One input of the photovoltaic panel, the output of the photovoltaic panel is DC, which is used as the other input of the dual-input Boost unit. The step-up unit includes three modes: the wind power generating set alone supplies power to the load, the photovoltaic power generation module alone supplies power to the load, and the wind power generating set and photovoltaic power generation module jointly supply power to the load. The wind power generation module and the photovoltaic module supply power to the system individually or simultaneously, and after DC chopping, the DC charging voltage required by the battery is obtained. The battery supplies power to the DC load after passing through the DC/DC chopper, and if it is an AC load, the DC/AC inverter is used to convert it to the required AC voltage. The controller collects the current signal generated by the wind turbine and photovoltaic panels, the battery voltage signal, and the load-side current signal, and generates two PWM pulse signals after processing to control the on-off of the switching tube in the dual-input Boost converter to realize the system. Maximum power point tracking and battery charge and discharge control, while generating two other PWM signals to control the on-off of the switching tube in the DC/DC chopper and DC/AC inverter, to ensure the normal power supply of the load, chopper and inverter When the transformer is connected to the load, there is a switch in the middle to control the opening and closing of the load respectively. the
系统控制器中包括信号处理单元、，信号处理单元根据风力发电机中的转速传感器的转速监测值计算最佳风速，调节系统电路驱动信号的占空比，控制风力发电机的输出功率。 The system controller includes a signal processing unit, which calculates the optimal wind speed according to the speed monitoring value of the speed sensor in the wind generator, adjusts the duty cycle of the system circuit drive signal, and controls the output power of the wind generator. the
当风力发电机输入的机械功率小于输出电功率的时候，风力发电机的转速要下降；反之，风力发电机的转速要增加。因此，可以通过调节电路驱动信号的占空比控制风力发电机的输出功率，进而完成对电功率的调节，从而间接的达到了控制风力发电机转速的目的。如图2所示，控制器中利用PID原理处理功率计算过程，控制器通过风力发电机的转速推测风力发电机最佳的风速，得到最大输出功率，把信号处理单元计算得到的功率与系统的实际功率进行比较，利用PID控制调节误差，产生脉冲宽度调制（PWM）调节DC/AC变换器，改变信号的占空比，提高了系统的可靠性和响应速度和达到稳定输出电压的目的。 When the mechanical power input by the wind turbine is less than the output electrical power, the speed of the wind generator will decrease; otherwise, the speed of the wind generator will increase. Therefore, the output power of the wind generator can be controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the circuit driving signal, and then the adjustment of the electric power can be completed, thereby indirectly achieving the purpose of controlling the speed of the wind generator. As shown in Figure 2, the controller uses the PID principle to process the power calculation process. The controller estimates the optimal wind speed of the wind generator through the speed of the wind generator to obtain the maximum output power, and compares the power calculated by the signal processing unit with the system’s The actual power is compared, the PID control is used to adjust the error, the pulse width modulation (PWM) is generated to adjust the DC/AC converter, and the duty cycle of the signal is changed, which improves the reliability and response speed of the system and achieves the purpose of stabilizing the output voltage. the
光伏发电模块包括太阳能电板和驱动单元，驱动单元推动太阳能电池板运动。驱动单元包括感光传感器、驱动电机，感光传感器把检测信号反馈给驱动系统，驱动单元驱动电机旋转，对太阳能电池板的仰角和方位角进行控制实现光源随动跟踪，使太阳能电池板的日照接触而最大，入射角最佳。驱动电机包括至少有一个x轴方向的电机和与x轴数量相同的y轴方向的电机。驱动电机采用步进电机，感光传感器采用光敏三极管，从太阳升起的时候开始随太阳的位置同步转动，使电池板始终接收到最强的太阳辐射，当太阳落山或者阴雨天的时候，电池板归位，往复循环实现光源随动跟踪。 The photovoltaic power generation module includes a solar panel and a drive unit, and the drive unit pushes the solar panel to move. The drive unit includes a photosensitive sensor and a drive motor. The photosensitive sensor feeds back the detection signal to the drive system. The drive unit drives the motor to rotate, and controls the elevation and azimuth angles of the solar panel to realize the follow-up tracking of the light source, so that the sunlight of the solar panel can Maximum, the best angle of incidence. The driving motors include at least one motor in the direction of the x-axis and the same number of motors in the direction of the y-axis as the number of the x-axis. The driving motor adopts a stepping motor, and the photosensitive sensor adopts a photosensitive triode, which starts to rotate synchronously with the position of the sun when the sun rises, so that the solar panel always receives the strongest solar radiation. When the sun sets or it is rainy, the solar panel Homing, reciprocating cycle to realize follow-up tracking of light source. the
上面结合附图对本实用新型进行了示例性描述，显然本实用新型具体实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要采用了本实用新型的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进，或未经改进将本实用新型的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本实用新型的保护范围之内。 The utility model has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solutions of the utility model, or Directly applying the ideas and technical solutions of the utility model to other occasions without improvement is within the protection scope of the utility model. the
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420537387.XUCN204089682U (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2014-09-18 | Adaptive wind and solar hybrid heating system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420537387.XUCN204089682U (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2014-09-18 | Adaptive wind and solar hybrid heating system |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204089682Utrue CN204089682U (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420537387.XUExpired - Fee RelatedCN204089682U (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2014-09-18 | Adaptive wind and solar hybrid heating system |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN204089682U (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104242789A (en)* | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-24 | 安徽工程大学 | Self-adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system |
| CN106160163A (en)* | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-23 | 陈铭 | Solar photovoltaic power system |
| CN112113086A (en)* | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-22 | 广西大学 | Shadow tracking illumination compensation system for agricultural light complementary power station |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104242789A (en)* | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-24 | 安徽工程大学 | Self-adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system |
| CN106160163A (en)* | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-23 | 陈铭 | Solar photovoltaic power system |
| CN112113086A (en)* | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-22 | 广西大学 | Shadow tracking illumination compensation system for agricultural light complementary power station |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20150107 Termination date:20150918 | |
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |