技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于煤矿巷道支护技术领域，具体涉及一种巷道支护实验室模拟装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of roadway support in coal mines, in particular to a laboratory simulation device for roadway support.
背景技术Background technique
我国许多矿井的开采深度已超过800米，在大采深条件下，巷道围岩的应力状态已接近岩石强度极限，巷道稳定性差，很容易因掘进和开采扰动作用下而产生大的变形，研究巷道在扰动作用下的流变力学特性，建立巷道扰动理论，对深井软岩支护具有重要的工程实用价值。由于煤矿巷道深埋地下的原因导致现场试验无法进行，实验室内模拟系统可以通过对各种工程的模拟和试验观察，来研究工程围岩的变形、移动和破坏等现象，分析支护方案对巷道的作用，从而对巷道支护提供试验依据。The mining depth of many mines in my country has exceeded 800 meters. Under the condition of large mining depth, the stress state of the surrounding rock of the roadway is close to the rock strength limit, and the stability of the roadway is poor, and it is easy to produce large deformation due to the disturbance of excavation and mining. The rheological mechanical properties of the roadway under the action of disturbance and the establishment of the roadway disturbance theory have important engineering practical value for deep well soft rock support. Due to the fact that the coal mine roadway is deeply buried underground, the on-site test cannot be carried out. The simulation system in the laboratory can study the deformation, movement and destruction of the surrounding rock of the project through the simulation and test observation of various projects, and analyze the support scheme. The role of the roadway, so as to provide a test basis for the roadway support.
现有巷道支护模拟实验台，主要存在以下局限性，一是模型主要以平面应变模型为主，而不能研究三维应力均发生变化的研究对象；二是模型比例较小，这使得研究大比例巷道试验无法实现；三是模型不能研究巷道支护形式与支护参数等实验进行研究；四是模型只能分开研究巷道的顶板、底板和两帮进行研究，不能对巷道整体的支护进行实验研究；五是模型不能模拟巷道扰动的影响，煤矿巷道受采动影响明显，现有试验台主要对模拟装置加载均布载荷，不能模拟冲击和爆破扰动对巷道的影响。因此急需应用相似模拟理论、矿山压力与控制、结构力学等相关学科知识，开发出一种结构简单的三维立体式巷道支护实验室模拟装置。The existing roadway support simulation test bench mainly has the following limitations. First, the model is mainly based on the plane strain model, which cannot study the research object whose three-dimensional stress changes. Second, the model scale is small, which makes the study of large scale The roadway test cannot be realized; the third is that the model cannot study the roadway support form and support parameters and other experiments; the fourth is that the model can only study the roof, floor and two sides of the roadway separately, and cannot conduct experiments on the overall support of the roadway Fifth, the model cannot simulate the impact of roadway disturbance. The coal mine roadway is obviously affected by mining. The existing test bench mainly loads uniform loads on the simulation device, and cannot simulate the impact and blasting disturbance on the roadway. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a three-dimensional roadway support laboratory simulation device with a simple structure by applying similarity simulation theory, mine pressure and control, structural mechanics and other related disciplines.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其结构简单，实现方便且成本低，模拟真实性高，能够根据不同矿井的地质情况真实模拟井下巷道的支护效果以及巷道在压力作用下产生巷帮变形、底鼓的条件，并且能够模拟出巷道在扰动作用下蠕变失稳变形状态，能够用于优化不同的支护方案。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a roadway support laboratory simulation device for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Realistically simulate the support effect of the underground roadway and the conditions of roadway side deformation and floor heaving under the action of pressure, and can simulate the creep instability deformation state of the roadway under the action of disturbance, which can be used to optimize different support schemes .
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用的技术方案是：一种巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：包括巷道支护模拟机构、加压传力机构和支护数据采集系统，In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a roadway support laboratory simulation device, which is characterized in that it includes a roadway support simulation mechanism, a pressurization force transmission mechanism and a support data acquisition system,
所述巷道支护模拟机构由巷道外形模拟机构和支护模拟机构组成，所述巷道外形模拟机构包括横截面为回字形的巷道模型箱和套装在巷道模型箱中间通道内的横截面为方形的橡胶圈，所述巷道模型箱内部填充有压实的用于模拟巷道围岩的相似模拟材料；所述支护模拟机构包括用于卡合连接在橡胶圈内部侧壁上和顶面上的方形钢网，以及用于固定连接在橡胶圈内部侧壁上、顶面上和底面上的多块矩形钢板，每块所述矩形钢板上均设置有多个用于安装锚杆的锚杆孔；The roadway support simulation mechanism is composed of a roadway shape simulation mechanism and a support simulation mechanism. The roadway shape simulation mechanism includes a roadway model box with a back-shaped cross section and a square cross-section set in the middle channel of the roadway model box. A rubber ring, the inside of the roadway model box is filled with compacted similar simulation materials for simulating the surrounding rock of the roadway; steel mesh, and a plurality of rectangular steel plates fixedly connected on the inner side wall, top surface and bottom surface of the rubber ring, and each rectangular steel plate is provided with a plurality of anchor rod holes for installing anchor rods;
所述加压传力机构包括底座、侧向加压传力机构和轴向加压传力机构，以及用于为侧向加压传力机构加载侧压提供动力的侧压动力系统和用于为轴向加压传力机构加载轴压提供动力的轴压动力系统；所述侧向加压传力机构包括设置在底座上且位于巷道模型箱左侧的左立柱和位于巷道模型箱右侧的右立柱，所述左立柱紧贴巷道模型箱设置，位于所述右立柱与巷道模型箱之间的底座上设置有紧贴右立柱的侧向反力架，位于侧向反力架与巷道模型箱之间的底座上设置有紧贴侧向反力架和巷道模型箱的液压钢枕；所述轴向加压传力机构包括安装在左立柱和右立柱顶部的轴向反力架，以及均匀吊装在轴向反力架底部的四个液压千斤顶、安装在巷道模型箱顶部的传力板和安装在传力板顶部的垫板，所述垫板顶部安装有四个分别对应位于四个液压千斤顶正下方的传力座；所述侧压动力系统包括第一液压油箱和一端与第一液压油箱连接的液压钢枕进油管，所述液压钢枕进油管的另一端与液压钢枕的油口连接，所述液压钢枕进油管上从连接第一液压油箱到液压钢枕的油口的方向依次连接有第一双向油泵、第一换向阀和第一压力计，位于第一换向阀和第一压力计之间的一段液压钢枕进油管上连接有接入第一液压油箱的第一溢流管，所述第一溢流管上连接有第一溢流阀；所述轴压动力系统包括第二液压油箱和一端与第二液压油箱连接的液压千斤顶进油总管，所述液压千斤顶进油总管的另一端通过第一同步阀连接有第一液压千斤顶进油支管和第二液压千斤顶进油支管，所述第一液压千斤顶进油支管上通过第二同步阀连接有两条第二液压千斤顶进油分管，所述第二液压千斤顶进油支管上通过第三同步阀连接有两条第二液压千斤顶进油分管，四条第二液压千斤顶进油分管分别对应与四个液压千斤顶的油口连接，所述液压千斤顶进油总管上从连接第二液压油箱到第一同步阀的方向依次连接有第二双向油泵、第二换向阀和第二压力计，位于第二换向阀和第二压力计之间的一段液压千斤顶进油总管上连接有接入第二液压油箱的第二溢流管，所述第二溢流管上连接有第二溢流阀；The pressurization force transmission mechanism includes a base, a lateral pressure force transmission mechanism and an axial pressure force transmission mechanism, and a lateral pressure power system for powering the lateral pressure force transmission mechanism and for An axial pressure power system that provides power for loading axial pressure on the axial pressure force transmission mechanism; the lateral pressure force transmission mechanism includes a left column that is arranged on the base and is located on the left side of the roadway model box and is located on the right side of the roadway model box The right column, the left column is set close to the roadway model box, and the base between the right column and the roadway model box is provided with a lateral reaction frame that is close to the right column, and is located between the lateral reaction frame and the roadway The base between the model boxes is provided with a hydraulic steel sleeper close to the lateral reaction force frame and the roadway model box; the axial pressure force transmission mechanism includes an axial reaction force frame installed on the top of the left column and the right column, As well as the four hydraulic jacks evenly hoisted on the bottom of the axial reaction force frame, the force transmission plate installed on the top of the roadway model box and the backing plate installed on the top of the force transmission plate, four The force transmission seat directly below the hydraulic jack; the lateral pressure power system includes a first hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe connected to the first hydraulic oil tank at one end, and the other end of the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe is connected to the hydraulic steel sleeper. The oil inlet pipe of the hydraulic steel sleeper is connected with the first two-way oil pump, the first reversing valve and the first pressure gauge in sequence from the direction connecting the first hydraulic oil tank to the oil port of the hydraulic steel sleeper. A section of the hydraulic steel pillow oil inlet pipe between the reversing valve and the first pressure gauge is connected with a first overflow pipe connected to the first hydraulic oil tank, and the first overflow pipe is connected with a first overflow valve; The axial pressure power system includes a second hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic jack oil inlet main pipe connected to the second hydraulic oil tank at one end, and the other end of the hydraulic jack oil inlet main pipe is connected with the first hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe and the first synchronous valve. The oil inlet branch pipe of the second hydraulic jack, the oil inlet branch pipe of the first hydraulic jack is connected with two second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes through the second synchronous valve, and the oil inlet branch pipe of the second hydraulic jack passes through the third synchronous valve There are two second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes connected, and the four second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes are respectively connected to the oil ports of the four hydraulic jacks. The hydraulic jack oil inlet main pipe is connected from the second hydraulic oil tank to the first synchronization The direction of the valve is sequentially connected with the second two-way oil pump, the second reversing valve and the second pressure gauge. A second overflow pipe of the oil tank, the second overflow pipe is connected with a second overflow valve;
所述支护数据采集系统包括用于对巷道模型箱的轴向应变进行检测的轴向引伸计和用于对巷道模型箱的径向应变进行检测的径向引伸计，以及EDC数字控制器和声发射信号采集器，所述轴向引伸计和径向引伸计十字交叉固定在固定器上后设置在橡胶圈内，所述轴向引伸计的两端分别与橡胶圈内部顶面和底面紧密贴合，所述径向引伸计的两端分别与橡胶圈内部左侧壁和右侧壁紧密贴合，所述轴向引伸计和径向引伸计均与EDC数字控制器相接；每根所述锚杆外露在橡胶圈内部的端部均安装有用于对巷道模型箱内部的相似模拟材料的声发射信号进行检测的声发射传感器，所述声发射传感器与声发射信号采集器的输入端相接。The support data acquisition system includes an axial extensometer for detecting the axial strain of the roadway model box and a radial extensometer for detecting the radial strain of the roadway model box, as well as an EDC digital controller and Acoustic emission signal collector, the axial extensometer and the radial extensometer cross are fixed on the fixer and then set in the rubber ring, and the two ends of the axial extensometer are respectively closely connected to the top surface and the bottom surface of the rubber ring Fitting, the two ends of the radial extensometer are respectively closely attached to the left side wall and the right side wall inside the rubber ring, and both the axial extensometer and the radial extensometer are connected to the EDC digital controller; each The end of the anchor rod exposed in the rubber ring is equipped with an acoustic emission sensor for detecting the acoustic emission signal of the similar simulation material inside the roadway model box, and the input end of the acoustic emission sensor and the acoustic emission signal collector connect.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：包括套装在四个液压千斤顶外围的冲击钢环和用于对振动信号进行检测的振动信号检测装置，所述振动信号检测装置的测振型速度传感器探头连接在底座上。The above-mentioned roadway support laboratory simulation device is characterized in that: it includes impact steel rings set on the periphery of four hydraulic jacks and a vibration signal detection device for detecting vibration signals. The vibration measurement type of the vibration signal detection device is The speed sensor probe is attached to the base.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：包括用于对振动信号进行检测的振动信号检测装置，所述底座内装有位于巷道模型箱的正下方且内部装有雷管的爆破箱，所述振动信号检测装置的测振型速度传感器探头连接在底座上。The above-mentioned roadway support laboratory simulation device is characterized in that: it includes a vibration signal detection device for detecting vibration signals, and the base is equipped with a blasting box that is located directly below the roadway model box and has a detonator inside. The vibration-measuring speed sensor probe of the vibration signal detection device is connected to the base.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：所述相似模拟材料为煤岩粉。The above-mentioned laboratory simulation device for roadway support is characterized in that: the similar simulation material is coal rock powder.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：所述声发射信号采集器包括单片机以及与单片机相接的晶振电路模块、复位电路模块和用于与计算机通信的通信电路模块，所述单片机的输入端接有用于对信号进行放大、滤波和A/D转换处理的信号调理电路模块，所述声发射传感器与信号调理电路模块的输入端相接，所述单片机的输出端接有液晶显示屏。The above-mentioned roadway support laboratory simulation device is characterized in that: the acoustic emission signal collector includes a single-chip microcomputer and a crystal oscillator circuit module connected with the single-chip microcomputer, a reset circuit module and a communication circuit module for communicating with a computer, and the single-chip microcomputer The input terminal of the signal is connected with a signal conditioning circuit module for amplifying, filtering and A/D conversion processing of the signal, the acoustic emission sensor is connected with the input terminal of the signal conditioning circuit module, and the output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with a liquid crystal display Screen.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：所述通信电路模块为USB通信电路模块或串口通信电路模块。The above-mentioned roadway support laboratory simulation device is characterized in that: the communication circuit module is a USB communication circuit module or a serial port communication circuit module.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：所述传力座的形状为圆台形。The above-mentioned laboratory simulation device for roadway support is characterized in that: the shape of the force transmission seat is a truncated cone.
上述的巷道支护实验室模拟装置，其特征在于：所述振动信号检测装置为TPBOX-508型振动信号自记仪。The above-mentioned roadway support laboratory simulation device is characterized in that: the vibration signal detection device is a TPBOX-508 type vibration signal self-recording instrument.
本实用新型与现有技术相比具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1、本实用新型的结构简单，实现方便且成本低。1. The utility model has simple structure, convenient realization and low cost.
2、本实用新型中的支护数据采集系统，能够对实验过程中的巷道模型箱内部的相似模拟材料的声发射信号和巷道围岩产生的振动信号，以及巷道模型箱的轴向应变信号和巷道模型箱的径向应变信号进行采集，功能完备。2. The support data acquisition system in the utility model can analyze the acoustic emission signal of similar simulated materials inside the roadway model box and the vibration signal generated by the surrounding rock of the roadway during the experiment, as well as the axial strain signal and the vibration signal of the roadway model box. The radial strain signal of the roadway model box is collected, and the function is complete.
3、本实用新型能够对模拟出的巷道围岩同时加载侧压和轴压，且能够对加载给巷道围岩的侧压大小和轴压大小进行调节，因此能够依据不同矿井煤岩体的水平应力大小和地应力大小，真实地模拟出煤矿井下巷道支护的情况，能够用于研究各种工况下的巷道支护问题。3. The utility model can simultaneously load lateral pressure and axial pressure on the simulated surrounding rock of the roadway, and can adjust the magnitude of the lateral pressure and axial pressure loaded on the surrounding rock of the roadway, so it can The magnitude of stress and ground stress can truly simulate the situation of roadway support in coal mines, and can be used to study roadway support problems under various working conditions.
4、本实用新型轴向加压传力机构中采用了四个千斤顶进行传力，并采用了圆台形的传力座进行传力，且在轴压动力系统中采用了同步阀实现四个千斤顶的同步，最终能够将轴向力均匀地传递给巷道模型箱和其内部填充的相似模拟材料，因此采用本实用新型进行大型巷道支护实验室模拟的真实性更高，得到的数据更加可靠。4. The utility model adopts four jacks for force transmission in the axial pressurization force transmission mechanism, and adopts a circular truncated force transmission seat for force transmission, and adopts a synchronous valve in the axial pressure power system to realize the four jacks. Synchronization, the axial force can be evenly transmitted to the roadway model box and the similar simulation materials filled inside, so the utility model is used to carry out large-scale roadway support laboratory simulation with higher authenticity, and the obtained data is more reliable.
5、本实用新型通过设置冲击钢环，能够为研究人员研究冲击扰动下的锚杆支护效果提供数据支持，且能够研究不同的冲击扰动对支护效果的影响，便于优化出最适合特定巷道的支护方案。5. By setting the impact steel ring, the utility model can provide data support for researchers to study the effect of bolt support under impact disturbance, and can study the influence of different impact disturbances on the support effect, which is convenient for optimizing the most suitable for a specific roadway. support plan.
6、本实用新型通过设置爆破箱，能够为研究人员研究爆破扰动下的锚杆支护效果提供数据支持，且能够研究不同的爆破扰动对支护效果的影响，便于优化出最适合特定巷道的支护方案。6. The utility model can provide data support for researchers to study the effect of bolt support under blasting disturbance by setting a blasting box, and can study the influence of different blasting disturbances on the support effect, which is convenient for optimizing the most suitable for a specific roadway. support plan.
综上所述，本实用新型的结构简单，实现方便且成本低，模拟真实性高，能够根据不同矿井的地质情况真实模拟井下巷道的支护效果以及巷道在压力作用下产生巷帮变形、底鼓的条件，并且能够模拟出巷道在扰动作用下蠕变失稳变形状态，能够用于优化不同的支护方案。To sum up, the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient realization, low cost, high simulation authenticity, and can truly simulate the support effect of the underground roadway and the deformation of the side of the roadway and the deformation of the bottom of the roadway under the action of pressure according to the geological conditions of different mines. The condition of the drum, and can simulate the creep instability deformation state of the roadway under the action of disturbance, which can be used to optimize different support schemes.
下面通过附图和实施例，对本实用新型的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described in detail through the drawings and embodiments below.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例1的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
图2为本实用新型实施例2的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
图3为本实用新型实施例3的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model.
图4为本实用新型大型巷道支护模拟系统的主视图。Fig. 4 is the front view of the large roadway support simulation system of the present invention.
图5为图4的A-A剖视图。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 4 .
图6为图4的B-B剖视图。Fig. 6 is a B-B sectional view of Fig. 4 .
图7为本实用新型声发射信号采集器的电路原理框图。Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the acoustic emission signal collector of the present invention.
附图标记说明:Explanation of reference signs:
1—轴向反力架； 2—液压千斤顶； 3—右立柱；1—Axial reaction frame; 2—Hydraulic jack; 3—Right column;
4—侧向反力架； 5—液压钢枕； 6—底座；4—lateral reaction frame; 5—hydraulic steel sleeper; 6—base;
7—爆破箱； 8—锚杆； 9—径向引伸计；7—Blasting box; 8—Anchor rod; 9—Radial extensometer;
10—橡胶圈； 11—巷道模型箱； 12—声发射传感器；10—rubber ring; 11—roadway model box; 12—acoustic emission sensor;
13—固定器； 14—轴向引伸计； 16—传力板；13—fixer; 14—axial extensometer; 16—force transmission plate;
17—垫板； 18—传力座； 19—冲击钢环；17—backing plate; 18—force transmission seat; 19—impact steel ring;
20—左立柱； 21—相似模拟材料； 23—第二液压油箱；20—left column; 21—similar simulation material; 23—second hydraulic oil tank;
24—液压千斤顶进油总管； 25—第二双向油泵；24—Hydraulic jack oil inlet main pipe; 25—Second two-way oil pump;
26—第二换向阀； 27—第二溢流阀； 28—第二溢流管；26—the second reversing valve; 27—the second overflow valve; 28—the second overflow pipe;
29—第二压力计； 30—第一同步阀； 31—第一压力计；29—the second pressure gauge; 30—the first synchronous valve; 31—the first pressure gauge;
32—第一换向阀； 33—第一双向油泵； 34—第一液压油箱；32—the first reversing valve; 33—the first two-way oil pump; 34—the first hydraulic oil tank;
35—液压钢枕进油管； 36—声发射信号采集器；35—Hydraulic steel pillow oil inlet pipe; 36—Acoustic emission signal collector;
36-1—单片机； 36-2—晶振电路模块；36-1—Single-chip microcomputer; 36-2—Crystal oscillator circuit module;
36-3—复位电路模块； 36-4—通信电路模块；36-3—reset circuit module; 36-4—communication circuit module;
36-5—信号调理电路模块； 36-6—液晶显示屏；36-5—signal conditioning circuit module; 36-6—LCD display;
37—第一溢流阀； 38—第一溢流管； 39—EDC数字控制器；37—the first overflow valve; 38—the first overflow pipe; 39—EDC digital controller;
40—计算机； 41—矩形钢板； 42—锚杆孔；40—computer; 41—rectangular steel plate; 42—anchor hole;
43—方形钢网； 44—振动信号检测装置；43—square steel mesh; 44—vibration signal detection device;
45—第一液压千斤顶进油支管； 46—第二液压千斤顶进油支管；45—the oil inlet branch pipe of the first hydraulic jack; 46—the oil inlet branch pipe of the second hydraulic jack;
47—第二同步阀； 48—第三同步阀；47—the second synchronous valve; 48—the third synchronous valve;
49—第二液压千斤顶进油分管。49—the oil inlet branch of the second hydraulic jack.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
如图1以及图4～图7所示，如图1所示，本实用新型包括巷道支护模拟机构、加压传力机构和支护数据采集系统，As shown in Figure 1 and Figures 4 to 7, as shown in Figure 1, the utility model includes a roadway support simulation mechanism, a pressurized force transmission mechanism and a support data acquisition system,
所述巷道支护模拟机构由巷道外形模拟机构和支护模拟机构组成，所述巷道外形模拟机构包括横截面为回字形的巷道模型箱11和套装在巷道模型箱11中间通道内的横截面为方形的橡胶圈10，所述巷道模型箱11内部填充有压实的用于模拟巷道围岩的相似模拟材料21；所述支护模拟机构包括用于卡合连接在橡胶圈10内部侧壁上和顶面上的方形钢网43，以及用于固定连接在橡胶圈10内部侧壁上、顶面上和底面上的多块矩形钢板41，每块所述矩形钢板41上均设置有多个用于安装锚杆8的锚杆孔42；The roadway support simulation mechanism is composed of a roadway shape simulation mechanism and a support simulation mechanism. The roadway shape simulation mechanism includes a roadway model box 11 with a back-shaped cross section and a cross section set in the middle channel of the roadway model box 11. A square rubber ring 10, the inside of the roadway model box 11 is filled with compacted similar simulation materials 21 for simulating the surrounding rock of the roadway; and the square steel mesh 43 on the top surface, and a plurality of rectangular steel plates 41 for fixed connection on the inner side wall of the rubber ring 10, the top surface and the bottom surface, each rectangular steel plate 41 is provided with a plurality of Anchor hole 42 for installing anchor rod 8;
所述加压传力机构包括底座6、侧向加压传力机构和轴向加压传力机构，以及用于为侧向加压传力机构加载侧压提供动力的侧压动力系统和用于为轴向加压传力机构加载轴压提供动力的轴压动力系统；所述侧向加压传力机构包括设置在底座6上且位于巷道模型箱11左侧的左立柱20和位于巷道模型箱11右侧的右立柱3，所述左立柱20紧贴巷道模型箱11设置，位于所述右立柱3与巷道模型箱11之间的底座6上设置有紧贴右立柱3的侧向反力架4，位于侧向反力架4与巷道模型箱11之间的底座6上设置有紧贴侧向反力架4和巷道模型箱11的液压钢枕5；所述轴向加压传力机构包括安装在左立柱20和右立柱3顶部的轴向反力架1，以及均匀吊装在轴向反力架1底部的四个液压千斤顶2、安装在巷道模型箱11顶部的传力板16和安装在传力板16顶部的垫板17，所述垫板17顶部安装有四个分别对应位于四个液压千斤顶2正下方的传力座18；所述侧压动力系统包括第一液压油箱34和一端与第一液压油箱34连接的液压钢枕进油管35，所述液压钢枕进油管35的另一端与液压钢枕5的油口连接，所述液压钢枕进油管35上从连接第一液压油箱34到液压钢枕5的油口的方向依次连接有第一双向油泵33、第一换向阀32和第一压力计31，位于第一换向阀32和第一压力计31之间的一段液压钢枕进油管35上连接有接入第一液压油箱34的第一溢流管38，所述第一溢流管38上连接有第一溢流阀37；所述轴压动力系统包括第二液压油箱23和一端与第二液压油箱23连接的液压千斤顶进油总管24，所述液压千斤顶进油总管24的另一端通过第一同步阀30连接有第一液压千斤顶进油支管45和第二液压千斤顶进油支管46，所述第一液压千斤顶进油支管45上通过第二同步阀47连接有两条第二液压千斤顶进油分管49，所述第二液压千斤顶进油支管46上通过第三同步阀48连接有两条第二液压千斤顶进油分管49，四条第二液压千斤顶进油分管49分别对应与四个液压千斤顶2的油口连接，所述液压千斤顶进油总管24上从连接第二液压油箱23到第一同步阀30的方向依次连接有第二双向油泵25、第二换向阀26和第二压力计29，位于第二换向阀26和第二压力计29之间的一段液压千斤顶进油总管24上连接有接入第二液压油箱23的第二溢流管28，所述第二溢流管28上连接有第二溢流阀27；The pressure force transmission mechanism includes a base 6, a lateral pressure force transmission mechanism and an axial pressure force transmission mechanism, as well as a lateral pressure power system and a power system for providing power for loading side pressure on the lateral pressure force transmission mechanism The axial pressure power system is used to provide power for the axial pressure force transmission mechanism to load the axial pressure; the lateral pressure force transmission mechanism includes a left column 20 arranged on the base 6 and located on the left side of the roadway model box 11 and a roadway The right column 3 on the right side of the model box 11, the left column 20 is set close to the roadway model box 11, and the base 6 between the right column 3 and the roadway model box 11 is provided with a lateral wall that is close to the right column 3. The reaction force frame 4 is provided with a hydraulic steel pillow 5 close to the lateral reaction force frame 4 and the roadway model box 11 on the base 6 between the lateral reaction force frame 4 and the roadway model box 11; the axial pressure The force transmission mechanism includes an axial reaction force frame 1 installed on the top of the left column 20 and the right column 3, four hydraulic jacks 2 evenly hoisted on the bottom of the axial reaction force frame 1, and a force transmission mechanism installed on the top of the roadway model box 11. Plate 16 and the backing plate 17 installed on the top of the force transmission plate 16, four of the top of the backing plate 17 are installed corresponding to the force transmission seat 18 directly below the four hydraulic jacks 2; the lateral pressure power system includes the first The hydraulic oil tank 34 and the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35 connected to the first hydraulic oil tank 34 at one end, the other end of the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35 is connected to the oil port of the hydraulic steel sleeper 5, and the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35 is From the direction connecting the first hydraulic oil tank 34 to the oil port of the hydraulic steel sleeper 5, the first two-way oil pump 33, the first reversing valve 32 and the first pressure gauge 31 are connected in sequence. A section of the hydraulic steel pillow oil inlet pipe 35 between the gauges 31 is connected with a first overflow pipe 38 connected to the first hydraulic oil tank 34, and the first overflow pipe 38 is connected with a first overflow valve 37; The axial pressure power system includes a second hydraulic oil tank 23 and a hydraulic jack oil inlet manifold 24 connected to the second hydraulic oil tank 23 at one end, and the other end of the hydraulic jack oil inlet manifold 24 is connected to a first hydraulic jack through a first synchronous valve 30 The oil inlet branch pipe 45 and the second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 46, the first hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 45 is connected with two second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes 49 through the second synchronous valve 47, the second hydraulic jack Two second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes 49 are connected to the oil inlet branch pipe 46 through the third synchronous valve 48, and the four second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes 49 are connected to the oil ports of the four hydraulic jacks 2 respectively. From the direction connecting the second hydraulic oil tank 23 to the first synchronous valve 30, the oil inlet manifold 24 is sequentially connected with a second two-way oil pump 25, a second reversing valve 26 and a second pressure gauge 29, located between the second reversing valve 26 and the second pressure gauge 29. A section of hydraulic jack oil inlet manifold 24 between the second pressure gauges 29 is connected with a second overflow pipe 28 connected to the second hydraulic oil tank 23, and the second overflow pipe 28 is connected with a second overflow valve 27 ;
所述支护数据采集系统包括用于对巷道模型箱11的轴向应变进行检测的轴向引伸计14和用于对巷道模型箱11的径向应变进行检测的径向引伸计9，以及EDC数字控制器39和声发射信号采集器36，所述轴向引伸计14和径向引伸计9十字交叉固定在固定器13上后设置在橡胶圈10内，所述轴向引伸计14的两端分别与橡胶圈10内部顶面和底面紧密贴合，所述径向引伸计9的两端分别与橡胶圈10内部左侧壁和右侧壁紧密贴合，所述轴向引伸计14和径向引伸计9均与EDC数字控制器39相接；每根所述锚杆8外露在橡胶圈10内部的端部均安装有用于对巷道模型箱11内部的相似模拟材料21的声发射信号进行检测的声发射传感器12，所述声发射传感器12与声发射信号采集器36的输入端相接。The support data acquisition system includes an axial extensometer 14 for detecting the axial strain of the roadway model box 11 and a radial extensometer 9 for detecting the radial strain of the roadway model box 11, and an EDC Digital controller 39 and acoustic emission signal collector 36, described axial extensometer 14 and radial extensometer 9 crosses are fixed on fixer 13 and are arranged in rubber ring 10, two of described axial extensometer 14 The two ends of the radial extensometer 9 are respectively closely attached to the inner top surface and the bottom surface of the rubber ring 10, and the two ends of the radial extensometer 9 are respectively closely attached to the left side wall and the right side wall of the rubber ring 10. The axial extensometer 14 and The radial extensometer 9 is all connected with the EDC digital controller 39; the end of each anchor rod 8 exposed in the rubber ring 10 is equipped with an acoustic emission signal for the similar analog material 21 inside the roadway model box 11 The acoustic emission sensor 12 for detection is connected to the input end of the acoustic emission signal collector 36 .
本实施例中，所述相似模拟材料21为煤岩粉。所述声发射信号采集器36包括单片机36-1以及与单片机36-1相接的晶振电路模块36-2、复位电路模块36-3和用于与计算机通信的通信电路模块36-4，所述单片机36-1的输入端接有用于对信号进行放大、滤波和A/D转换处理的信号调理电路模块36-5，所述声发射传感器12与信号调理电路模块36-5的输入端相接，所述单片机36-1的输出端接有液晶显示屏36-6。具体地，所述通信电路模块36-4为USB通信电路模块或串口通信电路模块。In this embodiment, the similar simulation material 21 is coal rock powder. The acoustic emission signal collector 36 includes a single-chip microcomputer 36-1 and a crystal oscillator circuit module 36-2 connected with the single-chip microcomputer 36-1, a reset circuit module 36-3 and a communication circuit module 36-4 for communicating with a computer. The input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer 36-1 is connected with a signal conditioning circuit module 36-5 for amplifying, filtering and A/D conversion processing of the signal, and the acoustic emission sensor 12 is connected to the input terminal of the signal conditioning circuit module 36-5. Then, the output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer 36-1 is connected with a liquid crystal display 36-6. Specifically, the communication circuit module 36-4 is a USB communication circuit module or a serial port communication circuit module.
本实施例中，所述传力座18的形状为圆台形，能够将轴向力均匀地传递给巷道模型箱11和其内部填充的相似模拟材料21。In this embodiment, the shape of the force transmission seat 18 is a truncated cone, which can evenly transmit the axial force to the roadway model box 11 and the similar simulation material 21 filled therein.
采用本实用新型进行巷道支护实验室模拟的具体过程包括以下步骤：The specific process of adopting the utility model to carry out roadway support laboratory simulation includes the following steps:
步骤一、巷道围岩模拟：将相似模拟材料21压实填充到巷道模型箱11内部，巷道模型箱11与其内部的相似模拟材料21整体模拟出了巷道围岩；Step 1. Simulating the surrounding rock of the roadway: compacting and filling the similar simulation material 21 into the inside of the roadway model box 11, and the roadway model box 11 and the similar simulation material 21 inside simulate the surrounding rock of the roadway as a whole;
步骤二、巷道支护模拟：首先，根据支护方案用电钻机在橡胶圈10上打出穿透巷道模型箱11并穿入相似模拟材料21中的钻孔；接着，在橡胶圈10内部侧壁上和顶面上卡合连接方形钢网43；然后，在橡胶圈10上安装数量与所述钻孔数量相等的矩形钢板41，且将所述矩形钢板41上的锚杆孔42对准所述钻孔；最后，在锚杆孔42和所述钻孔中安装锚杆8，并在锚杆8外露在橡胶圈10内部的端部安装声发射传感器12；Step 2, roadway support simulation: first, use an electric drill to drill holes that penetrate the roadway model box 11 and penetrate into similar simulation materials 21 on the rubber ring 10 according to the support plan; The square steel mesh 43 is snap-connected on the upper and top surfaces; then, the number of rectangular steel plates 41 equal to the number of drilled holes is installed on the rubber ring 10, and the anchor rod holes 42 on the rectangular steel plates 41 are aligned with the Described borehole; Finally, anchor rod 8 is installed in anchor rod hole 42 and described borehole, and acoustic emission sensor 12 is installed at the end that anchor rod 8 is exposed in rubber ring 10 inside;
步骤三、加载侧压及轴压给所述巷道围岩，并对侧压及轴压加载过程中的支护数据进行采集和记录：启动第一双向油泵33并打开第一换向阀32，同时，启动第二双向油泵25并打开第二换向阀26；第一液压油箱34内的液压油通过液压钢枕进油管35进入液压钢枕5内，液压钢枕5对所述巷道围岩加载侧压，第一压力计31对液压钢枕进油管35内的液压油压力进行实时检测并显示，当侧压液压油压力达到实验所需加载的侧压值时，关闭第一换向阀32和第一双向油泵33，侧向加压传力机构加载实验所需加载的侧压给所述巷道围岩；第二液压油箱23内的液压油通过液压千斤顶进油总管24、第一液压千斤顶进油支管45、第二液压千斤顶进油支管46和四条液压千斤顶进油分管49进入四个液压千斤顶2内，液压千斤顶2的活塞杆伸出，顶在传力座18上，并将压力通过传力座18传递到垫板17上，垫板17再将压力通过传力板16传递到巷道模型箱11上，对所述巷道围岩加载轴压，第二压力计29对液压千斤顶进油总管24内的液压油压力进行实时检测并显示，当轴压液压油压力达到实验所需加载的轴压值时，关闭第二换向阀26和第二双向油泵25，轴向加压传力机构加载实验所需加载的轴压给所述巷道围岩；Step 3: Apply lateral pressure and axial pressure to the surrounding rock of the roadway, and collect and record the support data during the loading process of lateral pressure and axial pressure: start the first two-way oil pump 33 and open the first reversing valve 32, Simultaneously, start the second two-way oil pump 25 and open the second reversing valve 26; The hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 34 enters in the hydraulic steel sleeper 5 through the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35, and the hydraulic steel sleeper 5 is opposite to the roadway surrounding rock. Load the side pressure, the first pressure gauge 31 detects and displays the hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35 in real time, and closes the first reversing valve when the side pressure hydraulic oil pressure reaches the side pressure value required for the experiment 32 and the first two-way oil pump 33, the lateral pressure required for the loading experiment of the lateral pressure transmission mechanism is applied to the surrounding rock of the roadway; the hydraulic oil in the second hydraulic oil tank 23 enters the oil main pipe 24 through the hydraulic jack, the first hydraulic pressure The jack oil inlet branch pipe 45, the second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 46 and four hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes 49 enter the four hydraulic jacks 2, and the piston rods of the hydraulic jacks 2 stretch out and push against the force transmission seat 18, and the pressure It is transmitted to the backing plate 17 through the force transmission seat 18, and the backing plate 17 transmits the pressure to the roadway model box 11 through the force transmission plate 16, and the axial pressure is applied to the surrounding rock of the roadway. The hydraulic oil pressure in the oil main pipe 24 is detected and displayed in real time. When the axial pressure hydraulic oil pressure reaches the axial pressure value required for the experiment, the second reversing valve 26 and the second two-way oil pump 25 are closed, and the axial pressurization transmission The axial pressure required for the loading test of the force mechanism is applied to the surrounding rock of the roadway;
以上加载侧压及轴压的过程中，所述声发射传感器12对巷道模型箱11内部的相似模拟材料21的声发射信号进行检测并将所检测到的声发射信号输出给声发射信号采集器36，同时，所述轴向引伸计14对巷道模型箱11的轴向应变进行检测并将所检测到的轴向应变信号输出给EDC数字控制器39，所述径向引伸计9对巷道模型箱11的径向应变进行检测并将所检测到的径向应变信号输出给EDC数字控制器39；实验人员可以手动记录声发射信号采集器36采集到的声发射信号以及EDC数字控制器39接收到的轴向应变信号和径向应变信号，还可以将声发射信号采集器36和EDC数字控制器39连接到计算机，通过计算机记录声发射信号采集器36采集到的声发射信号以及EDC数字控制器39接收到的轴向应变信号和径向应变信号。记录的数据能够为研究人员研究锚杆支护效果提供数据支持；通过对不同的锚杆支护方案进行以上实验，就能够得到不同锚杆支护方案下的多组数据，研究人员通过对比数据，能够优化出最适合特定巷道的支护方案。In the above process of loading lateral pressure and axial pressure, the acoustic emission sensor 12 detects the acoustic emission signal of the similar simulation material 21 inside the roadway model box 11 and outputs the detected acoustic emission signal to the acoustic emission signal collector 36. At the same time, the axial extensometer 14 detects the axial strain of the tunnel model box 11 and outputs the detected axial strain signal to the EDC digital controller 39, and the radial extensometer 9 pairs the tunnel model The radial strain of the case 11 is detected and the detected radial strain signal is output to the EDC digital controller 39; the experimenter can manually record the acoustic emission signal collected by the acoustic emission signal collector 36 and the signal received by the EDC digital controller 39. The axial strain signal and the radial strain signal obtained can also connect the acoustic emission signal collector 36 and the EDC digital controller 39 to the computer, and record the acoustic emission signal collected by the acoustic emission signal collector 36 and the EDC digital controller through the computer. The axial strain signal and the radial strain signal received by the device 39. The recorded data can provide data support for researchers to study the effect of bolt support; by conducting the above experiments on different bolt support schemes, multiple sets of data under different bolt support schemes can be obtained. By comparing the data, the researchers , can optimize the most suitable support scheme for a specific roadway.
实施例2Example 2
结合图2，本实施例与实施例1不同的是：本实用新型还包括套装在四个液压千斤顶2外围的冲击钢环19和用于对振动信号进行检测的振动信号检测装置44，所述振动信号检测装置44的测振型速度传感器探头连接在底座6上。所述振动信号检测装置44为TPBOX-508型振动信号自记仪。其余结构均与实施例1相同。In conjunction with Fig. 2, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the utility model also includes an impact steel ring 19 set on the periphery of four hydraulic jacks 2 and a vibration signal detection device 44 for detecting vibration signals. The vibration measuring type speed sensor probe of the vibration signal detecting device 44 is connected on the base 6 . The vibration signal detection device 44 is a TPBOX-508 type vibration signal self-recording instrument. All the other structures are the same as in Example 1.
采用本实施例中的巷道支护实验室模拟装置进行巷道支护实验室模拟的具体过程，与实施例1不同的是：The specific process of using the roadway support laboratory simulation device in this embodiment to carry out roadway support laboratory simulation is different from Embodiment 1 in that:
步骤三、在冲击扰动下加载侧压及轴压给所述巷道围岩，并对侧压及轴压加载过程中的支护数据进行采集和记录，其具体过程如下：Step 3: Apply lateral pressure and axial pressure to the surrounding rock of the roadway under impact disturbance, and collect and record the support data during the loading process of lateral pressure and axial pressure. The specific process is as follows:
步骤301、启动第一双向油泵33并打开第一换向阀32，同时，启动第二双向油泵25并打开第二换向阀26；第一液压油箱34内的液压油通过液压钢枕进油管35进入液压钢枕5内，液压钢枕5对所述巷道围岩加载侧压，第一压力计31对液压钢枕进油管35内的液压油压力进行实时检测并显示，当侧压液压油压力达到实验所需加载的侧压值时，关闭第一换向阀32和第一双向油泵33，侧向加压传力机构加载实验所需加载的侧压给所述巷道围岩；第二液压油箱23内的液压油通过液压千斤顶进油总管24、第一液压千斤顶进油支管45、第二液压千斤顶进油支管46和四条液压千斤顶进油分管49进入四个液压千斤顶2内，液压千斤顶2的活塞杆伸出，顶在传力座18上，并将压力通过传力座18传递到垫板17上，垫板17再将压力通过传力板16传递到巷道模型箱11上，对所述巷道围岩加载轴压，第二压力计29对液压千斤顶进油总管24内的液压油压力进行实时检测并显示，当轴压液压油压力达到实验所需加载的轴压值时，关闭第二换向阀26和第二双向油泵25，轴向加压传力机构加载实验所需加载的轴压给所述巷道围岩；Step 301, start the first two-way oil pump 33 and open the first reversing valve 32, at the same time, start the second two-way oil pump 25 and open the second reversing valve 26; the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 34 enters the oil pipe through the hydraulic steel pillow 35 enters the hydraulic steel sleeper 5, and the hydraulic steel sleeper 5 applies lateral pressure to the surrounding rock of the roadway. The first pressure gauge 31 detects and displays the hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35 in real time. When the pressure reaches the side pressure value required for the experiment, close the first reversing valve 32 and the first two-way oil pump 33, and the side pressure required for the experiment is applied to the roadway surrounding rock by the side pressure transmission mechanism; The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 23 enters the four hydraulic jacks 2 through the hydraulic jack oil inlet main pipe 24, the first hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 45, the second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 46 and four hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes 49. The piston rod of 2 stretches out and pushes against the force transmission seat 18, and the pressure is transmitted to the backing plate 17 through the force transmission seat 18, and the backing plate 17 transmits the pressure to the roadway model box 11 through the force transmission plate 16. The surrounding rock of the roadway is loaded with axial pressure, and the second pressure gauge 29 detects and displays the hydraulic oil pressure in the oil inlet main pipe 24 of the hydraulic jack in real time. When the axial pressure hydraulic oil pressure reaches the axial pressure value required for the experiment, it turns off The second reversing valve 26 and the second two-way oil pump 25, the axial pressure required for the loading test of the axial pressure force transmission mechanism is applied to the surrounding rock of the roadway;
步骤302、将冲击钢环19提起再放开，使冲击钢环19从高处沿着液压千斤顶2自由下落到传力座18上，形成对所述巷道围岩的冲击扰动；Step 302, lifting the impact steel ring 19 and then releasing it, so that the impact steel ring 19 freely falls from a height along the hydraulic jack 2 onto the force transmission seat 18, forming an impact disturbance to the surrounding rock of the roadway;
冲击扰动下加载侧压及轴压的过程中，所述声发射传感器12对巷道模型箱11内部的相似模拟材料21的声发射信号进行检测并将所检测到的声发射信号输出给声发射信号采集器36，同时，所述轴向引伸计14对巷道模型箱11的轴向应变进行检测并将所检测到的轴向应变信号输出给EDC数字控制器39，所述径向引伸计9对巷道模型箱11的径向应变进行检测并将所检测到的径向应变信号输出给EDC数字控制器39；所述振动信号检测装置44对在冲击扰动下所述巷道围岩产生的振动信号进行检测；实验人员可以手动记录声发射信号采集器36采集到的声发射信号和振动信号检测装置44检测到的所述巷道围岩产生的振动信号，以及EDC数字控制器39接收到的轴向应变信号和径向应变信号，还可以将声发射信号采集器36、EDC数字控制器39和振动信号检测装置44连接到计算机，通过计算机记录声发射信号采集器36采集到的声发射信号和振动信号检测装置44检测到的所述巷道围岩产生的振动信号，以及EDC数字控制器39接收到的轴向应变信号和径向应变信号。记录的数据能够为研究人员研究冲击扰动下的锚杆支护效果提供数据支持；通过对同一种锚杆支护方案多次进行以上实验，并在每次实验时选用不同重量的冲击钢环19，或者将冲击钢环19提起到不同的高度再放开，就能够得到同一种锚杆支护方案下的多组数据，研究人员通过对比数据，能够研究不同的冲击扰动对支护效果的影响；通过对不同的锚杆支护方案进行以上实验，就能够得到不同锚杆支护方案下的多组数据，研究人员通过对比数据，能够优化出最适合特定巷道的支护方案。During the process of loading lateral pressure and axial pressure under impact disturbance, the acoustic emission sensor 12 detects the acoustic emission signal of the similar simulation material 21 inside the roadway model box 11 and outputs the detected acoustic emission signal to the acoustic emission signal Collector 36, meanwhile, described axial extensometer 14 detects the axial strain of roadway model box 11 and outputs the detected axial strain signal to EDC digital controller 39, and described radial extensometer 9 pairs The radial strain of the roadway model box 11 is detected and the detected radial strain signal is output to the EDC digital controller 39; Detection; the experimenter can manually record the acoustic emission signal collected by the acoustic emission signal collector 36 and the vibration signal generated by the surrounding rock of the roadway detected by the vibration signal detection device 44, and the axial strain received by the EDC digital controller 39 signal and radial strain signal, the acoustic emission signal collector 36, EDC digital controller 39 and vibration signal detection device 44 can also be connected to the computer, and the acoustic emission signal and vibration signal collected by the acoustic emission signal collector 36 are recorded by the computer The vibration signal generated by the surrounding rock of the roadway detected by the detection device 44 , and the axial strain signal and radial strain signal received by the EDC digital controller 39 . The recorded data can provide data support for researchers to study the effect of bolt support under impact disturbance; the above experiments are carried out on the same bolt support scheme many times, and impact steel rings with different weights are selected for each experiment19 , or lift the impact steel ring 19 to different heights and then release it, you can get multiple sets of data under the same bolt support scheme. By comparing the data, researchers can study the impact of different impact disturbances on the support effect ; Through the above experiments on different bolt support schemes, multiple sets of data under different bolt support schemes can be obtained, and researchers can optimize the support scheme most suitable for a specific roadway by comparing the data.
步骤一和步骤二均与实施例1相同。Step one and step two are all identical with embodiment 1.
实施例3Example 3
结合图3，本实施例与实施例1不同的是：本实用新型还包括用于对振动信号进行检测的振动信号检测装置44，所述底座6内装有位于巷道模型箱11的正下方且内部装有雷管的爆破箱7，所述振动信号检测装置44的测振型速度传感器探头连接在底座6上。所述振动信号检测装置44为TPBOX-508型振动信号自记仪。其余结构均与实施例1相同。In conjunction with Fig. 3, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the utility model also includes a vibration signal detection device 44 for detecting vibration signals, and the base 6 is equipped with a A blasting box 7 equipped with a detonator, the vibration-measuring speed sensor probe of the vibration signal detection device 44 is connected to the base 6 . The vibration signal detection device 44 is a TPBOX-508 type vibration signal self-recording instrument. All the other structures are the same as in Example 1.
采用本实施例中的巷道支护实验室模拟装置进行巷道支护实验室模拟的具体过程，与实施例1不同的是：The specific process of using the roadway support laboratory simulation device in this embodiment to carry out roadway support laboratory simulation is different from Embodiment 1 in that:
步骤三、在爆破扰动下加载侧压及轴压给所述巷道围岩，并对侧压及轴压加载过程中的支护数据进行采集和记录，其具体过程如下：Step 3: Load lateral pressure and axial pressure to the surrounding rock of the roadway under blasting disturbance, and collect and record support data during the loading process of lateral pressure and axial pressure. The specific process is as follows:
步骤301、启动第一双向油泵33并打开第一换向阀32，同时，启动第二双向油泵25并打开第二换向阀26；第一液压油箱34内的液压油通过液压钢枕进油管35进入液压钢枕5内，液压钢枕5对所述巷道围岩加载侧压，第一压力计31对液压钢枕进油管35内的液压油压力进行实时检测并显示，当侧压液压油压力达到实验所需加载的侧压值时，关闭第一换向阀32和第一双向油泵33，侧向加压传力机构加载实验所需加载的侧压给所述巷道围岩；第二液压油箱23内的液压油通过液压千斤顶进油总管24、第一液压千斤顶进油支管45、第二液压千斤顶进油支管46和四条液压千斤顶进油分管49进入四个液压千斤顶2内，液压千斤顶2的活塞杆伸出，顶在传力座18上，并将压力通过传力座18传递到垫板17上，垫板17再将压力通过传力板16传递到巷道模型箱11上，对所述巷道围岩加载轴压，第二压力计29对液压千斤顶进油总管24内的液压油压力进行实时检测并显示，当轴压液压油压力达到实验所需加载的轴压值时，关闭第二换向阀26和第二双向油泵25，轴向加压传力机构加载实验所需加载的轴压给所述巷道围岩；Step 301, start the first two-way oil pump 33 and open the first reversing valve 32, at the same time, start the second two-way oil pump 25 and open the second reversing valve 26; the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil tank 34 enters the oil pipe through the hydraulic steel pillow 35 enters the hydraulic steel sleeper 5, and the hydraulic steel sleeper 5 applies lateral pressure to the surrounding rock of the roadway. The first pressure gauge 31 detects and displays the hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic steel sleeper oil inlet pipe 35 in real time. When the pressure reaches the side pressure value required for the experiment, close the first reversing valve 32 and the first two-way oil pump 33, and the side pressure required for the experiment is applied to the roadway surrounding rock by the side pressure transmission mechanism; The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 23 enters the four hydraulic jacks 2 through the hydraulic jack oil inlet main pipe 24, the first hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 45, the second hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipe 46 and four hydraulic jack oil inlet branch pipes 49. The piston rod of 2 stretches out and pushes against the force transmission seat 18, and the pressure is transmitted to the backing plate 17 through the force transmission seat 18, and the backing plate 17 transmits the pressure to the roadway model box 11 through the force transmission plate 16. The surrounding rock of the roadway is loaded with axial pressure, and the second pressure gauge 29 detects and displays the hydraulic oil pressure in the oil inlet main pipe 24 of the hydraulic jack in real time. When the axial pressure hydraulic oil pressure reaches the axial pressure value required for the experiment, it turns off The second reversing valve 26 and the second two-way oil pump 25, the axial pressure required for the loading test of the axial pressure force transmission mechanism is applied to the surrounding rock of the roadway;
步骤302、引爆爆破箱7内的雷管，形成对所述巷道围岩的爆破扰动；Step 302, detonating the detonator in the blasting box 7 to form a blasting disturbance to the surrounding rock of the roadway;
爆破扰动下加载侧压及轴压的过程中，所述声发射传感器12对巷道模型箱11内部的相似模拟材料21的声发射信号进行检测并将所检测到的声发射信号输出给声发射信号采集器36，同时，所述轴向引伸计14对巷道模型箱11的轴向应变进行检测并将所检测到的轴向应变信号输出给EDC数字控制器39，所述径向引伸计9对巷道模型箱11的径向应变进行检测并将所检测到的径向应变信号输出给EDC数字控制器39；所述振动信号检测装置44对在爆破扰动下所述巷道围岩产生的振动信号进行检测；实验人员可以手动记录声发射信号采集器36采集到的声发射信号和振动信号检测装置44检测到的所述巷道围岩产生的振动信号，以及EDC数字控制器39接收到的轴向应变信号和径向应变信号，还可以将声发射信号采集器36、EDC数字控制器39和振动信号检测装置44连接到计算机，通过计算机记录声发射信号采集器36采集到的声发射信号和振动信号检测装置44检测到的所述巷道围岩产生的振动信号，以及EDC数字控制器39接收到的轴向应变信号和径向应变信号。记录的数据能够为研究人员研究爆破扰动下的锚杆支护效果提供数据支持；通过对同一种锚杆支护方案多次进行以上实验，并在每次实验时在爆破箱7内装入不同数量的雷管，就能够得到同一种锚杆支护方案下的多组数据，研究人员通过对比数据，能够研究不同的爆破扰动对支护效果的影响；通过对不同的锚杆支护方案进行以上实验，就能够得到不同锚杆支护方案下的多组数据，研究人员通过对比数据，能够优化出最适合特定巷道的支护方案。During the process of loading lateral pressure and axial pressure under blasting disturbance, the acoustic emission sensor 12 detects the acoustic emission signal of the similar simulation material 21 inside the roadway model box 11 and outputs the detected acoustic emission signal to the acoustic emission signal Collector 36, meanwhile, described axial extensometer 14 detects the axial strain of roadway model box 11 and outputs the detected axial strain signal to EDC digital controller 39, and described radial extensometer 9 pairs The radial strain of the roadway model box 11 is detected and the detected radial strain signal is output to the EDC digital controller 39; the vibration signal detection device 44 is for the vibration signal generated by the surrounding rock of the roadway under the disturbance of blasting. Detection; the experimenter can manually record the acoustic emission signal collected by the acoustic emission signal collector 36 and the vibration signal generated by the surrounding rock of the roadway detected by the vibration signal detection device 44, and the axial strain received by the EDC digital controller 39 signal and radial strain signal, the acoustic emission signal collector 36, EDC digital controller 39 and vibration signal detection device 44 can also be connected to the computer, and the acoustic emission signal and vibration signal collected by the acoustic emission signal collector 36 are recorded by the computer The vibration signal generated by the surrounding rock of the roadway detected by the detection device 44 , and the axial strain signal and radial strain signal received by the EDC digital controller 39 . The recorded data can provide data support for researchers to study the effect of bolt support under blasting disturbance; the above experiments are carried out for the same bolt support scheme several times, and different quantities of The detonator can be used to obtain multiple sets of data under the same bolt support scheme. By comparing the data, researchers can study the impact of different blasting disturbances on the support effect; by conducting the above experiments on different bolt support schemes , multiple sets of data under different bolt support schemes can be obtained, and researchers can optimize the most suitable support scheme for a specific roadway by comparing the data.
步骤一和步骤二均与实施例1相同。Step one and step two are all identical with embodiment 1.
以上所述，仅是本实用新型的较佳实施例，并非对本实用新型作任何限制，凡是根据本实用新型技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本实用新型技术方案的保护范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model still belong to Within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420543024.7UCN204064783U (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2014-09-19 | Roadway support laboratory simulation device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420543024.7UCN204064783U (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2014-09-19 | Roadway support laboratory simulation device |
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| CN204064783Utrue CN204064783U (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201420543024.7UExpired - Fee RelatedCN204064783U (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2014-09-19 | Roadway support laboratory simulation device |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20141231 Termination date:20150919 | |
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |