技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种保压投放装置，尤其是一种用于PIV实验示踪粒子的保压投放装置。The utility model relates to a pressure-maintaining delivery device, in particular to a pressure-maintaining delivery device for tracer particles in PIV experiments.
背景技术Background technique
PIV（粒子图像测速）技术是20世纪80年代发展起来的一种新型流动测量及显示技术，在对流场不产生干扰的情况下，对流场的流动情形进行观测。其工作的原理是在需观测流场中加入示踪粒子，并跟踪流场运动，CCD（电荷耦合元件）相机记录该粒子在流场中某时刻的光学成像并传输到数据采集系统，然后对粒子图像进行分析处理就可以得到该时刻的流场运动参数，而PIV实验中实际测量的是示踪粒子的运动形态。主要通过对大量粒子图像的处理，从而得到该流场观测面的速度、涡量、流线、等速度线等反映该流场特征的各项参数，由此获得示踪粒子来反映流体的运动状态和现实现象。PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technology is a new type of flow measurement and display technology developed in the 1980s. It can observe the flow of the flow field without disturbing the flow field. Its working principle is to add tracer particles in the flow field to be observed, and track the movement of the flow field. The CCD (charge-coupled device) camera records the optical imaging of the particle at a certain moment in the flow field and transmits it to the data acquisition system. The flow field motion parameters at that moment can be obtained by analyzing and processing the particle image, while the actual measurement in the PIV experiment is the motion form of the tracer particles. Mainly through the processing of a large number of particle images, various parameters reflecting the characteristics of the flow field, such as the velocity, vorticity, streamline, and constant velocity line of the flow field observation surface, are obtained, and tracer particles are obtained to reflect the movement of the fluid. status and reality.
PIV实验能否成功的一个关键因素为粒子的浓度情况，特别对于高速的风洞实验，示踪粒子的选择和布撒直接或间接地影响着粒子浓度。其中，示踪粒子在流场中的布撒技术，在PIV实验中是极其重要的环节。示踪粒子在流场中的运行品质，直接影响PIV对被测流场客观实际描述的真实、准确、可靠程度。而示踪粒子在流场中的运行品质极大地依赖示踪粒子布撒的方式。对同一被测流场，由于采取不同的示踪粒子布撒方式，PIV实验则可能测出准度、精度均有相当差异的结果，由此对被测流场描述的细致程度也不相同。A key factor for the success of PIV experiments is the concentration of particles. Especially for high-speed wind tunnel experiments, the selection and distribution of tracer particles directly or indirectly affect the concentration of particles. Among them, the technique of distributing tracer particles in the flow field is an extremely important link in the PIV experiment. The running quality of tracer particles in the flow field directly affects the authenticity, accuracy and reliability of PIV's objective and actual description of the measured flow field. The running quality of the tracer particles in the flow field greatly depends on the way the tracer particles are distributed. For the same measured flow field, due to the adoption of different tracer particle distribution methods, the PIV experiment may have quite different results in terms of accuracy and precision, and thus the detailed description of the measured flow field is also different.
目前，在PIV实验中有两种常用的布撒示踪粒子方式：Currently, there are two commonly used methods of distributing tracer particles in PIV experiments:
第一种方式是：通过被测模型内部的管路，在模型某些部位向被测区域均匀布撒示踪粒子。此种方式在复杂流动测量和边界层测量中有使用。The first way is: through the pipeline inside the model to be tested, tracer particles are evenly distributed to the measured area in some parts of the model. This method is used in complex flow measurements and boundary layer measurements.
第二种方式是：在全流场中均匀布撒示踪粒子，或者在局部流场中均匀布撒示踪粒子。这是当前PIV测速最常用的方式。此种方式可由风洞的稳定段向试验段的局部区域或者全流场均匀布撒示踪粒子。但由于布撒管路安置在稳定段，距离试验段较近，不可避免地对试验段流场有一定影响。需要采取一些措施，减少布撒管路对试验段流场的影响。在回流式风洞中，可以由风洞的扩散段向全流场均匀布撒示踪粒子。其布撒管路安置在扩散段，不会对试验段流场产生任何影响，形成较高品质的示踪粒子流，稳定均匀地跟随气流布满整个试验段，流过被测区域，但对CCD相机的局部流场拍摄有些影响。The second way is: uniformly distribute the tracer particles in the whole flow field, or uniformly distribute the tracer particles in the local flow field. This is the most commonly used method for PIV speed measurement. This method can evenly distribute tracer particles from the stable section of the wind tunnel to the local area of the test section or the entire flow field. However, since the distributing pipeline is placed in the stable section, which is relatively close to the test section, it will inevitably have a certain impact on the flow field of the test section. Some measures need to be taken to reduce the impact of the distribution pipeline on the flow field in the test section. In the backflow wind tunnel, the tracer particles can be evenly distributed to the whole flow field from the diffusion section of the wind tunnel. The distribution pipeline is placed in the diffusion section, which will not have any impact on the flow field of the test section, and forms a high-quality tracer particle flow, which follows the airflow stably and uniformly throughout the test section and flows through the measured area. The local flow field shooting of the CCD camera has some influence.
上述两种方式主要是针对低速风洞实验中投放示踪粒子时的操作，而一旦需要进行高速风洞实验时，高速气流进入被测流场后会导致被测流场内示踪粒子在短时间内被吹飞，从而无法使得被测流场内始终存在示踪粒子混合均匀的气流场，极大程度上影响着PIV实验的准度和精度。另外，在PIV实验过程中，CCD相机等设备安放完毕后，不能轻易移动，否则严重影响实验结果，而传统示踪粒子的投放用设备体积较大，不利于随制随用。因此，如何合理布撒示踪粒子，获得高品质的流场图像称为PIV实验的关键。The above two methods are mainly for the operation of dropping tracer particles in the low-speed wind tunnel experiment, and once the high-speed wind tunnel experiment is required, the high-speed airflow entering the measured flow field will cause the tracer particles in the measured flow field to drop in a short time. The inside is blown away, so that there is always an airflow field in which the tracer particles are mixed uniformly in the measured flow field, which greatly affects the accuracy and precision of the PIV experiment. In addition, during the PIV experiment, after the CCD camera and other equipment are placed, they cannot be easily moved, otherwise the experimental results will be seriously affected, and the traditional tracer particle delivery equipment is large in size, which is not conducive to ready-to-use. Therefore, how to properly distribute tracer particles and obtain high-quality flow field images is the key to PIV experiments.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了克服现有技术的不足，本实用新型提供了一种携带方便，可预混合、预保压，保证所投放示踪粒子浓度及混合充分均匀的保压投放装置。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a portable, pre-mixed, pre-pressurized delivery device that ensures the concentration of the injected tracer particles and the mixing is fully uniform.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种用于PIV实验示踪粒子的保压投放装置，包括带有保压腔的罐体，罐体上设有进气孔和出气孔，The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: a pressure-holding and feeding device for tracer particles in PIV experiments, including a tank body with a pressure-holding chamber, and the tank body is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole ,
所述进气孔至少有三个，各进气孔沿罐体周向均匀布置，各进气孔位于罐体下方；There are at least three air intake holes, and each air intake hole is evenly arranged along the circumference of the tank body, and each air intake hole is located below the tank body;
所述保压腔内壁上设有自进气孔处延伸出的导气管，各导气管的出气口沿罐体周向且朝同一方向设置；The inner wall of the pressure holding chamber is provided with air guide pipes extending from the air inlet, and the air outlets of each air guide pipe are arranged along the circumference of the tank body and in the same direction;
进气孔和出气孔处均设有阀门。Both the air inlet and the air outlet are provided with valves.
为了保证罐体内的压力不会泄露，所以阀门包括有：进气单向阀，安 装于进气孔处且气流方向朝向保压腔内；出气单向阀，安装于出气孔处且气流方向朝向罐体外。而且凭借进气单向阀和出气单向阀的设置，就算未及时关闭进气孔和出气孔，保压腔内的高压气体都不会泄露出来，从而保证该保压投放装置的安全、及操作的简易。In order to ensure that the pressure in the tank will not leak, the valve includes: an air intake check valve, installed at the air intake hole with the airflow direction facing the pressure holding chamber; an air outlet check valve, installed at the air outlet hole with the airflow direction facing Outside the tank. And by virtue of the setting of the inlet check valve and the outlet check valve, even if the inlet hole and the outlet hole are not closed in time, the high-pressure gas in the pressure-holding chamber will not leak out, thereby ensuring the safety of the pressure-holding delivery device, and Easy to operate.
为了能实时获得保压腔内的压力情况，所以在所述罐体上设有用于监测保压腔内部压力的气压表，从而在保压腔内部压力达到所需大小时，在第一时间结束对保压腔内充压。In order to obtain real-time pressure in the pressure-holding chamber, a barometer for monitoring the pressure inside the pressure-holding chamber is provided on the tank, so that when the pressure inside the pressure-holding chamber reaches the required size, the pressure will end at the first time. Pressurize the holding chamber.
为了操作时的安全，避免因为疏忽导致罐体内压力超过极限，所以在所述罐体上设有用于控制保压腔内部压力的安全阀，而该安全阀的安全阀值可根据实际需要进行相应的调整。For the sake of safety during operation and to avoid the pressure in the tank from exceeding the limit due to negligence, a safety valve for controlling the internal pressure of the pressure-holding chamber is provided on the tank, and the safety threshold of the safety valve can be adjusted according to actual needs. adjustment.
为了便于观察保压腔内示踪粒子的混合情况，所以在所述罐体上设有用于观察保压腔内部情况的观察窗。In order to facilitate the observation of the mixing of the tracer particles in the pressure holding chamber, an observation window for observing the internal conditions of the pressure holding chamber is provided on the tank body.
为了优化保压腔内示踪粒子能混合充分均匀，罐体和各导气管出气口吹出的气流角度有相应要求，所以所述导气管出气口的朝向与水平面呈0～60°夹角设置，导气管出气口的朝向与对应进气孔所在平面呈0～60°夹角设置。其中，对应进气孔指的是导气管所在的进气孔。通过各导气管出气口相互配合，及导气管出气口相对水平面的倾斜角，从而保证自导气管出气口吹出的各股气流能相互交叉，并在切入合并的过程中实现螺旋状的蜗流形态，进而随各股气流运动的示踪粒子得到充分均匀的混合。In order to optimize the mixing of the tracer particles in the pressure-holding chamber fully and evenly, there are corresponding requirements for the airflow angles blown out from the tank body and the air outlets of the air guide tubes. The direction of the air outlet of the trachea is set at an included angle of 0-60° with the plane where the corresponding air inlet is located. Wherein, the corresponding air inlet refers to the air inlet where the air guide tube is located. Through the mutual cooperation of the air outlets of the air guide tubes and the inclination angle of the air guide tube outlets relative to the horizontal plane, it is ensured that the air streams blown out from the air guide tube outlets can intersect with each other, and the spiral spiral shape is realized during the process of cutting and merging. , and then the tracer particles moving with each air flow are fully and uniformly mixed.
优选方案为，所述进气孔的数量为四个，导气管出气口的朝向与水平面呈30°夹角设置，导气管出气口的朝向与对应进气孔所在平面呈45°夹角设置。在该夹角的设置下，各股气流所能形成的蜗流更强，能更好地实现示踪粒子充分均匀混合。The preferred solution is that the number of the air intake holes is four, the direction of the air outlet of the air duct is set at an angle of 30° to the horizontal plane, and the direction of the air outlet of the air duct is set at an angle of 45° to the plane where the corresponding air inlet is located. Under the setting of the included angle, the swirl flow that can be formed by each air flow is stronger, which can better realize the full and uniform mixing of tracer particles.
为了便于对罐体的清理，以及便于对罐体内添加示踪粒子，所述罐体由相互密封配合的罐本体和罐盖组成，所述进气孔位于罐本体上靠近底部的周壁处。In order to facilitate the cleaning of the tank body and the addition of tracer particles to the tank body, the tank body is composed of a tank body and a tank cover that are tightly fitted to each other, and the air inlet hole is located on the peripheral wall of the tank body near the bottom.
为了保证向保压腔内添加示踪粒子时更加简便，所以在所述保压投放装置还包括有粒子投放座，该粒子投放座包括有：定位架，卡设于进气孔处；粒子安置台，架设于支撑架上，且供示踪粒子放置用；支撑架，用于将粒子安置台支撑在定位架上。只需将示踪粒子放置于粒子安置台上，并 将粒子投放座安装于进气孔处，然后通过空压机从进气孔向保压腔内充气，由此可满足对示踪粒子进行混合的同时，实现对保压腔内进行冲压。另外，通过粒子投放座进行示踪粒子的投放，可以无需打开罐体，最大程度上保证了不必要的操作和杂质进入保压腔，影响示踪粒子的纯度；示踪粒子可从一开始就随着气流从进气孔处进入保压腔，不仅解决了示踪粒子进入的位置，而且解决了示踪粒子安放的位置。另外，粒子安置台的优选位置是进气孔的中央位置，并通过支撑架固定。当气流从进气孔进入时，示踪粒子将在进气孔中央位置扩散开来，从而保证自导气管出气口处吹出的气流中所携带的示踪粒子更加均匀，使得混合的效果更均匀和充分。In order to ensure that it is easier to add tracer particles to the pressure holding chamber, the pressure holding device also includes a particle release seat, which includes: a positioning frame, which is clamped at the air inlet; The stage is erected on the support frame and used for placing the tracer particles; the support frame is used to support the particle placement stage on the positioning frame. Just place the tracer particles on the particle placement table, install the particle release seat at the air inlet, and then inflate the air from the air inlet into the pressure holding chamber through the air compressor, thus meeting the requirements for mixing the tracer particles. Simultaneously, stamping is realized in the pressure-holding cavity. In addition, the injection of tracer particles through the particle release seat does not need to open the tank, which ensures that unnecessary operations and impurities enter the pressure holding chamber to the greatest extent, affecting the purity of tracer particles; tracer particles can be removed from the very beginning. As the airflow enters the pressure holding chamber from the air inlet, not only the position where the tracer particles enter, but also the position where the tracer particles are placed are solved. In addition, the preferred position of the particle placement table is the central position of the air inlet, and it is fixed by the support frame. When the airflow enters from the air intake hole, the tracer particles will spread out in the center of the air intake hole, so as to ensure that the tracer particles carried in the airflow blown out from the air outlet of the air duct are more uniform, making the mixing effect more uniform and full.
为了保证粒子安置台上的示踪粒子能安放稳定，不会在安放过程中洒出来，所以所述粒子安置台为喇叭状，该粒子安置台上靠近大喇叭口的内壁处设有向下凹陷且用于放置示踪粒子的安置槽，该安置槽与粒子安置台内壁的连接部位为弧面过渡。示踪粒子放置于安置槽内时受到有效限位，轻微的晃动不会导致示踪粒子的洒落，而且安置槽与粒子安置台内壁的连接部位为弧面过渡，使得气流吹过时更加顺滑，可将位于安置槽内的示踪粒子全部吹走，不会有任何残留，避免保压腔内示踪粒子量的不足，及实验材料的浪费。其中，粒子安置台为喇叭状，气流从粒子安置台的大口处吹入，小口处吹出。在粒子安置台内的示踪粒子不仅受安置槽限位并安稳放置于粒子安置台内，而且还受内壁限位并随气流从小口处平稳吹出，因此，从导气管出气口处吹出的气流中，所携带的示踪粒子不会散开，提高混合的效率和充分性。安置槽位于大喇叭口的位置，是因为此处吹起的示踪粒子从小喇叭口处吹出前，能受粒子安置台内壁的限位而路径更加稳定，朝向也更加准确，这有助于气流携带示踪粒子充分均匀地混合。In order to ensure that the tracer particles on the particle placement platform can be placed stably and will not spill out during placement, the particle placement platform is trumpet-shaped, and the inner wall of the particle placement platform near the large horn mouth is provided with a downward depression And it is used to place the placement groove for tracer particles, and the connection between the placement groove and the inner wall of the particle placement table is an arc surface transition. When the tracer particles are placed in the placement tank, they are effectively limited. Slight shaking will not cause the tracer particles to fall, and the connection between the placement tank and the inner wall of the particle placement table is an arc transition, which makes the air flow more smooth when blowing through. All the tracer particles in the placement tank can be blown away without any residue, avoiding the shortage of tracer particles in the pressure holding chamber and the waste of experimental materials. Wherein, the particle placement table is trumpet-shaped, and the airflow is blown in from the large mouth of the particle placement table and blown out from the small mouth. The tracer particles in the particle installation table are not only limited by the installation groove and placed in the particle installation table stably, but also limited by the inner wall and blown out smoothly with the airflow from the small opening. Therefore, the airflow blown from the air outlet of the air duct In the process, the tracer particles carried will not scatter, which improves the efficiency and adequacy of mixing. The placement slot is located at the mouth of the large horn because the tracer particles blown here can be limited by the inner wall of the particle placement table before being blown out from the small horn mouth, so the path is more stable and the orientation is more accurate, which helps the airflow Mix well and evenly with the tracer particles.
本实用新型的有益效果是：初始状态下，进气孔和出气孔处的阀门均为关闭状态，当需要进行PIV实验时，只需往保压腔内加入示踪粒子，然后将进气孔连接上空压机的出气口并向保压腔内充气，打开进气孔处阀门，使得气流进入进气孔并从导气管出气口吹出，所吹出的气流将在保压腔内形成螺旋状蜗流，而该蜗流将搅动保压腔内的气体，使得示踪粒子在被搅动的气体下得到充分均匀的混合；而在示踪粒子混合的过程中，保压腔的压强也将不断增加，当保压腔内压力达到所需要求是关闭进气孔处阀 门并撤去空压机；此时罐体内的示踪粒子不仅混合充分均匀，而且保压腔内的压力极大，只需将保压投放装置携带至PIV实验所在现场，在罐体出气孔处接上相应的出气管，并使出气管出气口位于被测流场内的合适位置，打开出气单向阀，凭借保压腔内的高压将混合充分均匀的示踪粒子从出气管出气口处排出。本保压投放装置主要在常规PIV实验中应用，不仅操作简单，而且结构小巧，随制随用，可在A地点制备完毕后，通过手提方式携带至B地点储存或实验用，从而解决空压机体积太大造成实验场地的浪费，以及空压机工作时所产生的噪音污染等问题。本实用新型中进气孔的优选数量为四个。另外，各导气管的出气口沿罐体周向且朝同一方向设置中，同一方向指同为顺时针或逆时针方向。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: in the initial state, the valves at the air inlet and the air outlet are closed, and when the PIV experiment needs to be performed, only tracer particles need to be added to the pressure holding chamber, and then the air inlet Connect the air outlet of the upper air compressor and inflate the pressure-holding chamber, open the valve at the air-intake hole, so that the airflow enters the air-intake hole and blows out from the air-guiding pipe outlet, the blown-out airflow will form a spiral spiral in the pressure-holding chamber The spiral flow will stir the gas in the packing chamber, so that the tracer particles will be fully and uniformly mixed under the stirred gas; and in the process of mixing the tracer particles, the pressure of the packing chamber will also increase continuously. , when the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber meets the required requirements, close the valve at the air inlet and remove the air compressor; at this time, the tracer particles in the tank are not only fully mixed evenly, but also the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber is extremely high. Carry the pressure maintaining device to the site of the PIV experiment, connect the corresponding air outlet pipe to the air outlet of the tank body, and make the air outlet of the air outlet pipe at a suitable position in the measured flow field, open the air outlet one-way valve, rely on the pressure holding chamber The high pressure inside will discharge the well-mixed and uniform tracer particles from the outlet of the outlet pipe. This pressure maintaining and feeding device is mainly used in conventional PIV experiments. It is not only easy to operate, but also has a small structure and can be used at any time. After the preparation at A site, it can be carried to B site for storage or experiment by hand, so as to solve the problem of air pressure. The volume of the air compressor is too large, resulting in the waste of the experimental site, and the noise pollution generated by the air compressor when it is working. The preferred number of air intake holes in the utility model is four. In addition, when the air outlets of the air ducts are arranged along the circumference of the tank body and in the same direction, the same direction refers to clockwise or counterclockwise.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例一的结构示意图，导气管为透视部分，省略了进气单向阀和出气单向阀。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, the air guide tube is a perspective part, and the intake check valve and the exhaust check valve are omitted.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model will be further described:
实施例一：如图1所示，本实施例包括带有保压腔的罐体1，罐体1由相互密封配合的罐本体11和罐盖12组成，罐本体11和罐盖12的密封方式很多也属于常规技术，在此不做详细描述，罐体1底部设有支撑脚13。罐体1上设有进气孔14和出气孔15，进气孔14位于罐本体11的下部周壁上，其中进气孔14的数量为四个，各进气孔14沿罐体1周向均匀布置，任意两相邻进气孔14间相互四分之一圆周。在保压腔的内壁上设有自进气孔14处延伸出的导气管3，各导气管3的出气口沿罐体1周向且均为逆时针设置，因此从导气管3处吹出的气流能形成一个环绕罐体1中心点并相互配合的螺旋状蜗流。在进气孔14处安装有只能向保压腔内进气的进气单向阀；在出气孔15处安装有只能向保压腔外出气的出气单向阀。当然，此处也可以采用普通的阀门，只要能对进气孔14和出气孔15实施密封操作即可。Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment includes a tank body 1 with a pressure-holding chamber, the tank body 1 is composed of a tank body 11 and a tank cover 12 that are mutually sealed and matched, and the sealing of the tank body 11 and the tank cover 12 Many methods also belong to the conventional technology, and will not be described in detail here. The bottom of the tank body 1 is provided with supporting feet 13 . The tank body 1 is provided with an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15, the air inlet 14 is located on the lower peripheral wall of the tank body 11, wherein the number of the air inlet 14 is four, and each air inlet 14 is along the circumference of the tank body 1. Arranged evenly, any two adjacent air inlets 14 are 1/4 of the circumference of each other. The inner wall of the pressure-holding chamber is provided with an air guide tube 3 extending from the air inlet 14, and the air outlets of each air guide tube 3 are arranged counterclockwise along the circumference of the tank body 1, so the air blown out from the air guide tube 3 The air flow can form a helical spiral flow that surrounds the center point of the tank body 1 and cooperates with each other. At the air inlet 14, an air intake check valve that can only enter the pressure holding chamber is installed; at the air outlet 15, an air outlet check valve that can only discharge air outside the pressure holding chamber is installed. Of course, ordinary valves can also be used here, as long as the air inlet hole 14 and the air outlet hole 15 can be sealed.
当罐体1内保压腔充气后，保压腔内压力会大幅度增加，故在罐体1 上设有用于监测保压腔内部压力的气压表4，通过气压表4实时观察保压腔内部的压力变化，特别是保压腔内压力达到所需大小时，即可在第一时间结束对保压腔内充压。有时候，因为一时的疏忽和大意，有可能导致保压腔内压力超过安全值，所以在罐体1上还设有用于控制保压腔内部压力的安全阀5，而该安全阀5的安全阀值可根据实际需要进行相应的调整。为了便于观察保压腔内示踪粒子的混合情况，所以在罐体1上设有用于观察保压腔内部情况的观察窗6，实验人员可直观地做出是否混合均匀的判断。为了优化保压腔内示踪粒子能混合充分均匀，罐体1和各导气管3出气口吹出的气流角度有相应要求，所以导气管3出气口的朝向a与水平面b呈30°夹角设置，导气管3出气口的朝向a与对应进气孔14所在平面呈45°夹角设置。其中，对应进气孔14指的是导气管3所在的进气孔14。通过各导气管3出气口相互配合，及导气管3出气口与对应进气孔14所在平面的倾斜角，从而保证自导气管3出气口吹出的各股气流能相互交叉，并在切入合并的过程中实现螺旋状的蜗流形态，进而随各股气流运动的示踪粒子得到充分均匀的混合。根据进气孔14数量的不同，导气管3出气口的朝向也将进行相应的调整，从而保证自导气管3出气口吹出的气流能产生最强大蜗流，进而提高示踪粒子充分均匀混合的效率。当进气孔14和导气管3数量为三个时，导气管3出气口的朝向a与水平面b呈60°夹角设置，导气管3出气口的朝向与对应进气孔14所在平面呈60°夹角设置。When the pressure-holding chamber in the tank body 1 is inflated, the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber will increase significantly, so the tank body 1 is provided with a barometer 4 for monitoring the internal pressure of the pressure-holding chamber, and the pressure-holding chamber can be observed in real time through the barometer 4 When the internal pressure changes, especially when the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber reaches the required size, the pressure-filling in the pressure-holding chamber can be completed at the first time. Sometimes, due to momentary negligence and carelessness, the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber may exceed the safe value, so the tank body 1 is also provided with a safety valve 5 for controlling the internal pressure of the pressure-holding chamber, and the safety of the safety valve 5 The threshold value can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs. In order to facilitate the observation of the mixing of the tracer particles in the pressure holding chamber, an observation window 6 for observing the internal conditions of the pressure holding chamber is provided on the tank body 1, and the experimenter can intuitively judge whether the mixture is uniform. In order to optimize the mixing of tracer particles in the pressure-holding chamber fully and evenly, there are corresponding requirements for the airflow angles blown out from the tank body 1 and the air outlets of each air guide tube 3, so the direction a of the air guide tube 3 air outlet and the horizontal plane b are set at an angle of 30°. The orientation a of the air outlet of the air duct 3 is set at an angle of 45° to the plane where the corresponding air inlet 14 is located. Wherein, the corresponding air intake hole 14 refers to the air intake hole 14 where the air guide tube 3 is located. Through the mutual cooperation of the 3 air outlets of the air guide tubes, and the inclination angle between the air guide tube 3 air outlets and the plane where the corresponding air inlet 14 is located, it is ensured that the air flows blown from the air guide tube 3 air outlets can intersect each other, and cut into the merging During the process, the spiral spiral flow form is realized, and the tracer particles moving with each air flow are fully and uniformly mixed. According to the difference in the number of air intake holes 14, the direction of the air outlet of the air guide tube 3 will also be adjusted accordingly, so as to ensure that the airflow blown from the air outlet of the air guide tube 3 can generate the strongest spiral flow, thereby improving the full and uniform mixing of tracer particles s efficiency. When the number of the air inlet 14 and the air duct 3 is three, the direction a of the air outlet of the air duct 3 is set at an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane b, and the orientation of the air outlet of the air duct 3 is 60° to the plane where the corresponding air inlet 14 is located. ° angle setting.
其中，本实用新型还可以有其他实施例，改进点在于进气孔14数量和导气管3出气口朝向a的设置不同。当进气孔14和导气管3数量为六个时，导气管3出气口的朝向与水平面b呈60°夹角设置，导气管3出气口的朝向a与对应进气孔14所在平面呈30°夹角设置。其中规律为：导气管3的数量为X，该导气管3出气口的朝向a和对应进气孔14所在平面的夹角为Y，则X*Y的积为180°。Wherein, the utility model can also have other embodiments, and the point of improvement is that the number of air inlet holes 14 and the setting of the direction a of the air outlet of the air guide tube 3 are different. When the number of air intake holes 14 and air duct 3 is six, the direction of the air outlet of the air duct 3 is set at an angle of 60° with the horizontal plane b, and the direction a of the air outlet of the air duct 3 is 30° to the plane where the corresponding air intake hole 14 is located. ° angle setting. The rule is: the number of air ducts 3 is X, the angle between the direction a of the air outlet of the air duct 3 and the plane where the corresponding air inlet 14 is located is Y, and the product of X*Y is 180°.
为了保证向保压腔内添加示踪粒子时更加简便，所以本实施例还包括有用于预先安放示踪粒子的粒子投放座，该粒子投放座包括有定位架、粒子安置台和支撑架，定位架为圆形的骨架，定位架的直径大小与进气孔14的直径相对应，因此定位架可直接卡设于进气孔14处；在定位架上还固 定有一根用于支持粒子安置台的支撑架，而为了提高粒子安置台的稳定性，支撑架的数量可以为多根，并对称分布于粒子安置台的周壁上；粒子安置台用于示踪粒子的预安放，并通过支撑架架设于定位架上，该粒子安置台为喇叭状，该粒子安置台上靠近大喇叭口的内壁处设有向下凹陷且用于稳定放置示踪粒子的安置槽，该安置槽与粒子安置台内壁的连接部位为弧面过渡。通过粒子投放座方式进行示踪粒子的投放，可以无需打开罐体1，最大程度上保证了不必要的操作和杂质进入保压腔，影响示踪粒子的纯度；示踪粒子可从一开始就随着气流从进气孔处进入保压腔，不仅解决了示踪粒子进入的位置，而且解决了示踪粒子安放的位置。其中，粒子安置台的优选位置是进气孔14的中央位置，因此当气流从进气孔14进入时，示踪粒子将在进气孔14中央位置扩散开来，从而保证自导气管3出气口处吹出的气流所携带的示踪粒子布撒更加均匀。另外，示踪粒子放置于安置槽内时可有相应的限位作用，轻微的晃动不会导致示踪粒子的洒落，而且安置槽与粒子安置台的内壁间为弧面连接，使得气流吹过时更加顺滑，可将位于安置槽内的示踪粒子全部吹走，不会有任何残留，避免保压腔内示踪粒子量的不足，及实验材料的浪费。In order to ensure that it is easier to add tracer particles to the pressure holding chamber, this embodiment also includes a particle placement seat for pre-installing the tracer particles. The particle placement seat includes a positioning frame, a particle placement table and a support frame. The frame is a circular skeleton, and the diameter of the positioning frame corresponds to the diameter of the air intake hole 14, so the positioning frame can be directly clamped at the air intake hole 14; support frame, and in order to improve the stability of the particle placement table, the number of support frames can be multiple, and symmetrically distributed on the peripheral wall of the particle placement table; the particle placement table is used for pre-placement of tracer particles, and through Erected on the positioning frame, the particle placement platform is trumpet-shaped, and the inner wall of the particle placement platform near the mouth of the large horn is provided with a downwardly recessed placement groove for stably placing tracer particles. The placement groove and the particle placement platform The connecting part of the inner wall is an arc surface transition. The injection of tracer particles by means of a particle drop-in seat does not need to open the tank body 1, which ensures that unnecessary operations and impurities enter the pressure holding chamber to the greatest extent, affecting the purity of tracer particles; tracer particles can be removed from the very beginning. As the airflow enters the pressure holding chamber from the air inlet, not only the position where the tracer particles enter, but also the position where the tracer particles are placed are solved. Among them, the preferred position of the particle placement table is the central position of the air inlet 14, so when the airflow enters from the air inlet 14, the tracer particles will spread out at the central position of the air inlet 14, thereby ensuring that the gas is discharged from the air guide tube 3. The tracer particles carried by the airflow blown out of the air port are more evenly distributed. In addition, when the tracer particles are placed in the placement groove, there can be a corresponding limit effect, and slight shaking will not cause the tracer particles to fall, and the inner wall of the placement groove and the particle placement table is connected by an arc surface, so that when the airflow blows through It is smoother and can blow away all the tracer particles in the placement tank without any residue, avoiding the shortage of tracer particles in the pressure holding chamber and the waste of experimental materials.
本实用新型中，初始状态下，进气孔14和出气孔15处的阀门均处于关闭状态，当需要进行PIV实验时，只需往保压腔内加入示踪粒子，然后将进气孔14连接上空压机的出气口并向保压腔内充气，打开进气孔14处阀门，使得气流进入进气孔14并从导气管3出气口吹出，所吹出的气流将在保压腔内形成螺旋状蜗流，而该蜗流将搅动保压腔内的气体，使得示踪粒子在被搅动的气体下得到充分均匀的混合；而在示踪粒子混合的过程中，保压腔的压强也将不断增加，当保压腔内压力达到所需要求是关闭进气孔14处阀门并撤去空压机；此时罐体1内的示踪粒子不仅混合充分均匀，而且保压腔内的压力极大，只需将保压投放装置携带至PIV实验所在现场，在罐体1出气孔15处接上相应的出气管，并使出气管出气口位于被测流场内的合适位置，打开出气单向阀，凭借保压腔内的高压将混合充分均匀的示踪粒子从出气管出气口处排出。本保压投放装置在常规PIV实验中应用，不仅操作简单，而且结构小巧，随制随用，可在A地点制备完毕后，通过手提方式携带至B地点储存或实验用，从而解决空压机体积太 大造成实验场地的浪费，以及空压机工作时所产生的噪音污染等问题。In the utility model, in the initial state, the valves at the air inlet 14 and the air outlet 15 are in a closed state. When a PIV experiment needs to be performed, only tracer particles need to be added to the pressure holding chamber, and then the air inlet 14 Connect the air outlet of the upper air compressor and inflate the pressure holding chamber, open the valve at the air inlet 14, so that the air flow enters the air inlet 14 and blows out from the air outlet of the air guide pipe 3, and the blown air flow will form in the pressure holding chamber spiral spiral flow, and the spiral flow will stir the gas in the packing chamber, so that the tracer particles can be fully and uniformly mixed under the stirred gas; and during the mixing process of the tracer particles, the pressure of the packing chamber It will continue to increase. When the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber reaches the required requirement, close the valve at 14 air inlet holes and remove the air compressor; at this time, the tracer particles in the tank 1 are not only fully mixed evenly, but also the pressure in the pressure-holding chamber It is extremely large, just take the pressure maintaining device to the site of the PIV experiment, connect the corresponding air outlet pipe at the air outlet 15 of the tank body 1, and make the air outlet of the air outlet pipe at a suitable position in the measured flow field, open the air outlet The one-way valve, relying on the high pressure in the pressure-holding chamber, discharges the well-mixed and uniform tracer particles from the outlet of the air outlet pipe. This pressure maintaining and feeding device is used in conventional PIV experiments. It is not only easy to operate, but also has a small structure, which can be used as it is prepared. The volume is too large to cause the waste of the experimental site, as well as the noise pollution generated by the air compressor when it is working.
实施例二：本实施例其他均与实施例一相同，唯一的区别是，不设置粒子投放座，而是在罐体1中央位置安放一用于预放示踪粒子的粒子台，在粒子台的下部延伸出与罐体1内部固定的支脚。通过各导气管3出气口形成蜗流后，该蜗流会卷带起位于粒子台上的示踪粒子，并通过蜗流中进行充分混合。Embodiment two: Others of this embodiment are all the same as embodiment one, and the only difference is that a particle release seat is not provided, but a particle table for pre-placed tracer particles is placed at the central position of the tank body 1, and a particle table is placed on the particle table. The lower part of the tank body 1 is extended with a fixed leg inside the tank body. After the spiral flow is formed through the air outlets of the air ducts 3, the spiral flow will entrain the tracer particles on the particle table and be fully mixed through the spiral flow.
本实用新型中保压投放装置操作方法为：The operation method of the pressure maintaining and feeding device in the utility model is as follows:
1）将示踪粒子放置于粒子投放座的粒子安置台上，并将粒子投放座安装于进气孔14处，初始状态下，进气单向阀和出气单向阀均处于关闭状态；1) Place the tracer particles on the particle placement platform of the particle release seat, and install the particle release seat at the air inlet 14. In the initial state, both the intake check valve and the discharge check valve are closed;
2）将罐体1的进气孔14与空压机的出气口相对接，打开进气孔14处的进气单向阀，并通过空压机向保压腔内吹气；2) Connect the air intake hole 14 of the tank body 1 with the air outlet of the air compressor, open the air intake check valve at the air intake hole 14, and blow air into the pressure holding chamber through the air compressor;
3）在导气管3的导引下，示踪粒子随着气流进入保压腔内，各导气管3所导引的气流相互作用并在保压腔内形成螺旋状蜗流，通过蜗流将保压腔内的示踪粒子进行充分均匀的混合，同时通过空压机实现保压腔内部的增压；3) Under the guidance of the air guide tube 3, the tracer particles enter the pressure holding chamber along with the air flow, and the air flow guided by each air guide tube 3 interacts to form a spiral spiral flow in the pressure holding chamber. The tracer particles in the pressure-holding chamber are fully and evenly mixed, and the pressurization inside the pressure-holding chamber is realized by the air compressor;
4）当压力表4显示的压力数值达到所需压力时，关闭进气单向阀，撤去空压机，并携带保压投放装置至PIV实验所在现场；4) When the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge 4 reaches the required pressure, close the intake check valve, remove the air compressor, and bring the pressure maintaining device to the site of the PIV experiment;
5）在罐体1出气孔15处接上相应的出气管，并将出气管出气口位于被测流场内的合适位置，打开出气单向阀，凭借保压腔内的高压将混合充分均匀的示踪粒子从出气管出气口处排出。5) Connect the corresponding air outlet pipe to the air outlet 15 of tank body 1, and place the air outlet of the air outlet pipe at a suitable position in the measured flow field, open the air outlet check valve, and mix fully and evenly by virtue of the high pressure in the pressure holding chamber. The tracer particles are discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe.
本实用新型的保压投放装置主要应用在常规PIV实验中，其不仅操作简单，而且结构小巧，随制随用，可在A地点制备完毕后，通过手提方式携带至B地点储存或实验用，从而解决空压机体积太大造成实验场地的浪费，以及空压机工作时所产生的噪音污染等问题。The pressure maintaining and feeding device of the utility model is mainly used in conventional PIV experiments. It is not only easy to operate, but also compact in structure and ready to use. It can be carried to B for storage or experimentation after the preparation at A is completed. So as to solve the problems such as the waste of the experimental site caused by the large volume of the air compressor, and the noise pollution generated when the air compressor is working.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320848951.5UCN203758718U (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Pressure maintaining put-in device used for PIV experiment tracer particle |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320848951.5UCN203758718U (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Pressure maintaining put-in device used for PIV experiment tracer particle |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN203758718Utrue CN203758718U (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201320848951.5UExpired - LifetimeCN203758718U (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Pressure maintaining put-in device used for PIV experiment tracer particle |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN203758718U (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743537A (en)* | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-23 | 浙江理工大学 | Pressure-maintaining releasing device and method for PIV experiment tracer particles |
| CN112924135A (en)* | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 沈阳大学 | Tracer gas feeding method, feeding device and tracer system |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743537A (en)* | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-23 | 浙江理工大学 | Pressure-maintaining releasing device and method for PIV experiment tracer particles |
| CN103743537B (en)* | 2013-12-19 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江理工大学 | For pressurize delivery device and the method for PIV experiment trace particle |
| CN112924135A (en)* | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 沈阳大学 | Tracer gas feeding method, feeding device and tracer system |
| CN112924135B (en)* | 2021-03-04 | 2023-08-04 | 沈阳大学 | Trace gas throwing method, tracer gas throwing device and trace system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | Granted publication date:20140806 Effective date of abandoning:20160420 | |
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |