技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及岩土工程试验测试领域，具体说是一种研究大坝地基渗透变形的试验装置。The utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering tests, in particular to a test device for studying seepage deformation of dam foundations.
背景技术Background technique
江河大堤在经过一段时间的运营后，由于上、下游水位差的作用，往往会对堤基产生淘蚀作用。整个堤基的淘蚀非一朝一夕所形成，需要经过一个过程。大坝运营时，在水位差作用下，首先带走坝基下的细小颗粒，使之出现坝基渗漏，形成渗流带；在此基础上，渗漏进一步加强，导致产生强渗流区，并将较大的颗粒也带走，形成淘蚀区，使大坝坝基脱空，对大坝安全构成威胁。江河大堤上下游冒砂现象时有发生，严重威胁到坝体以及水工建筑物的安全。因此，管涌的研究对闸坝安全防护有着很重要的意义。After a period of operation of river embankments, due to the difference in water level between the upstream and downstream, the embankment foundation will often be eroded. The erosion of the entire embankment is not formed overnight, it needs to go through a process. When the dam is in operation, under the action of the water level difference, the fine particles under the dam foundation are first taken away, causing leakage of the dam foundation to form a seepage zone; on this basis, the seepage is further strengthened, resulting in a strong seepage zone, and will be relatively large. The large particles are also taken away, forming an erosion zone, which makes the foundation of the dam empty and poses a threat to the safety of the dam. Sand emission occurs from time to time in the upstream and downstream of river embankments, which seriously threatens the safety of dam bodies and hydraulic structures. Therefore, the study of piping is of great significance to the safety protection of gates and dams.
前人在研究管涌过程中，往往是研究坝体在某一固定水头作用下，管涌的发生发展过程。对于坝体，下游出现管涌口是最常见的一种形式。但是对于江河大堤上下游的水位，更真实的情况是汛期水位迅速升高以及旱期水位逐渐降低。所以，管涌的形成与发展是处在上下游水头动态变化的环境中。为了更加真实的反映管涌的发展过程，研究变水头作用下的管涌是必然的趋势。When the predecessors studied the piping process, they often studied the occurrence and development process of the piping under the action of a certain fixed water head. For the dam body, piping outlets appearing downstream is the most common form. But for the water level upstream and downstream of river embankments, the more real situation is that the water level rises rapidly during the flood season and gradually decreases during the dry season. Therefore, the formation and development of piping is in the environment of dynamic changes of upstream and downstream water heads. In order to reflect the development process of piping more realistically, it is an inevitable trend to study piping under the action of variable water head.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了解决解决以上技术问题，本实用新型提供一种研究变水头作用下双向管涌的实验装置，包括水头控制装置、试样、渗透槽、盖板、测压管、刻度板。水头控制装置分别通过水管与试样槽的两端连接，包括滑轮组、钢丝绳、水箱、水管、水流控制阀，钢丝绳通过滑轮组控制水箱的位置，水箱带有溢流口，通过水管与渗透槽连接，水管上设有水流控制阀；渗透槽两端设有注水区，中间为试样区，注水区与试样区通过有机玻璃隔板隔开，隔板上有均匀钻孔，试样位于试样区内，试样区内等距离均匀分布测压管，测压管与刻度板连接；渗透槽上设有盖板，盖板上注水区的位置对称设置排气阀，试样区位置对称设置等直径的管涌口，管涌口周围有导流装置。In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an experimental device for studying bidirectional piping under the action of variable water head, including a water head control device, a sample, a permeation tank, a cover plate, a piezometric tube, and a scale plate. The water head control device is connected to both ends of the sample tank through water pipes, including a pulley block, a steel wire rope, a water tank, a water pipe, and a water flow control valve. The steel wire rope controls the position of the water tank through the pulley block. The water tank has an overflow port and is connected to the infiltration tank through a water pipe. There is a water flow control valve on the water pipe; there are water injection areas at both ends of the permeation tank, and the sample area in the middle. The water injection area and the sample area are separated by a plexiglass partition. In the sample area, the pressure measuring tubes are evenly distributed at equal distances in the sample area, and the pressure measuring tubes are connected to the scale plate; there is a cover plate on the permeation tank, and the exhaust valve is symmetrically set at the position of the water injection area on the cover plate, and the position of the sample area is symmetrically set Equal-diameter piping outlets, with diversion devices around the piping outlets.
优选地：渗透槽采用有机玻璃制成。Preferably: the permeation tank is made of plexiglass.
优选地：渗透槽的顶部设置有盖板。Preferably: the top of the permeation tank is provided with a cover plate.
优选地：测压管等距离排放在试样区，并依次固定在刻度板上。Preferably: the pressure measuring tubes are equidistantly arranged in the sample area, and fixed on the scale plate in turn.
优选地：盖板上设有排气阀和管涌口，排气阀设置在注水区，管涌口设置在试样区位置。Preferably: the cover plate is provided with an exhaust valve and a piping outlet, the exhaust valve is arranged in the water injection area, and the piping outlet is arranged in the sample area.
优选地：两个排气阀和管涌口分别对称分布注水区和试样区，两个管涌口周围设置有导流装置。Preferably: the two exhaust valves and the piping outlets are symmetrically distributed in the water injection area and the sample area respectively, and a flow guiding device is arranged around the two piping openings.
有益效果：本装置结构设计科学合理，能够模拟变水头作用双向管涌的情形，真实反映江河大堤汛期水位迅速升高以及旱期水位逐渐降低的上下游水位情况，反映在上下游水头动态变化的环境中管涌的形成与发展，对闸坝安全防护有着很重要的意义。相对于其他的水头控制装置，本实用新型的恒定水头装置结构简单，操作容易，且能方便的控制水位的高低模拟江河大堤的上下游情况。Beneficial effects: The structure design of this device is scientific and reasonable, and it can simulate the situation of two-way piping with variable water head, and truly reflect the situation of the upstream and downstream water levels of the river embankment, where the water level rises rapidly in the flood season and gradually decreases in the dry season, and reflects the dynamic change environment of the upstream and downstream water heads The formation and development of medium piping is of great significance to the safety protection of gates and dams. Compared with other water head control devices, the constant water head device of the utility model is simple in structure, easy to operate, and can conveniently control the height of the water level to simulate the upstream and downstream conditions of river embankments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1本实用新型的结构图。Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the utility model.
图2本实用新型的盖板大样图Fig. 2 large sample diagram of the cover plate of the utility model
图3本实用新型的渗透槽平面图Fig. 3 plan view of permeation tank of the present utility model
图4本实用新型的水箱平面图Fig. 4 water tank plane view of the utility model
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种研究变水头作用下双向管涌的实验装置，包括水头控制装置、试样、渗透槽7、盖板10、测压管13、刻度板14；水头控制装置包括滑轮组、钢丝绳3、水箱4、水管5、水流控制阀6，滑轮组由定滑轮1和动滑轮2组成，水箱4带有溢流口17，钢丝绳3通过滑轮组控制水箱4的位置，水箱通过水管5分别与渗透槽7两端连接，水管上设有水流控制阀6；渗透槽7分为注水区8和试样区9，注水区8设置于渗透槽7两端，透水板12置于渗透槽7内，注水区8和试样区9通过透水板12隔开；试样位于试验区9内，其特征在于：包括测压管13，测压管13等距离均匀分布在试样区9内，测压管13固定在刻度板14上。水头控制装置通过滑轮组来控制水箱4的位置，两边的水位差通过装置很容易实现；渗透槽7的顶部设置有盖板10，盖板10上设有排气阀15和管涌口11，排气阀15设置在注水区8，管涌口11设置在试样区9位置，两个排气阀15和管涌口11分别对称分布注水区8和试样区9，两个管涌口11周围设置有导流装置16，方便测量管涌口的涌水量，进而得到在管涌破坏过程中的渗透流速变化情况。An experimental device for studying two-way piping under the action of variable water head, including a water head control device, a sample, a permeation tank 7, a cover plate 10, a piezometric tube 13, and a scale plate 14; the water head control device includes a pulley block, a steel wire rope 3, a water tank 4, The water pipe 5, the water flow control valve 6, the pulley block is composed of a fixed pulley 1 and a movable pulley 2, the water tank 4 has an overflow port 17, the steel wire rope 3 controls the position of the water tank 4 through the pulley block, and the water tank is respectively connected with the two ends of the infiltration tank 7 through the water pipe 5, A water flow control valve 6 is provided on the water pipe; the permeation tank 7 is divided into a water injection area 8 and a sample area 9, the water injection area 8 is arranged at both ends of the permeation tank 7, the permeable plate 12 is placed in the permeation tank 7, the water injection area 8 and the sample area Area 9 is separated by a water-permeable plate 12; the sample is located in the test area 9, and it is characterized in that it includes pressure measuring tubes 13, which are equidistantly distributed in the sample area 9, and the pressure measuring tubes 13 are fixed on the scale plate 14 on. The water head control device controls the position of the water tank 4 through the pulley block, and the water level difference on both sides can be easily realized through the device; the top of the permeation tank 7 is provided with a cover plate 10, and the cover plate 10 is provided with an exhaust valve 15 and a piping outlet 11. The valve 15 is set in the water injection area 8, the piping outlet 11 is located in the sample area 9, the two exhaust valves 15 and the piping openings 11 are respectively symmetrically distributed in the water injection area 8 and the sample area 9, and the two piping openings 11 are surrounded by guides. The flow device 16 is convenient for measuring the water gushing volume at the piping outlet, and then obtains the change of the permeation flow rate during the piping destruction process.
在实验过程中，分阶段记录了管涌发展不同时刻不同位置测压管水头的高度以及流量和出砂多少，通过数据处理，分析了不同水头变换方式下管涌发展与时间以及水头的关系，总结出堤基管涌的发展机理。 In the course of the experiment, the height of the piezometer head, the flow rate and the amount of sand produced at different locations at different times of the piping development were recorded in stages. Through data processing, the relationship between the piping development and the time and water head under different head conversion methods was analyzed, and the conclusion was drawn. Development mechanism of embankment piping.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420026256.5UCN203705311U (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2014-01-16 | Experimental device for researching bidirectional piping under action of varying head |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420026256.5UCN203705311U (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2014-01-16 | Experimental device for researching bidirectional piping under action of varying head |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203705311Utrue CN203705311U (en) | 2014-07-09 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420026256.5UExpired - Fee RelatedCN203705311U (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2014-01-16 | Experimental device for researching bidirectional piping under action of varying head |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203705311U (en) |
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| CN106226201A (en)* | 2016-09-14 | 2016-12-14 | 重庆交通大学 | A device and test method for testing the law of penetration failure under variable angle conditions |
| CN107167411B (en)* | 2017-06-12 | 2019-07-12 | 河海大学 | Device and method for visual model test of seepage stress coupled with internal piping seepage |
| CN107167411A (en)* | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-15 | 河海大学 | Piping infiltration visible model testing device and test method in a kind of seepage liquefaction |
| CN107478562A (en)* | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-15 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | It is a kind of to study the experimental rig that piping develops under complicated flow condition |
| CN107421874A (en)* | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-01 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of horizontal seepage flow test device and its application method |
| CN107421874B (en)* | 2017-09-08 | 2023-10-10 | 湘潭大学 | A horizontal seepage test device and its use method |
| CN108226008A (en)* | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 西安理工大学 | Self-loopa varying head darcy permeability test instrument |
| CN108226008B (en)* | 2018-01-18 | 2020-12-18 | 西安理工大学 | Self-circulating variable head Darcy infiltration tester |
| CN110907329A (en)* | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-24 | 重庆大学 | Large-scale corrosion test system and test method thereof |
| CN111307686A (en)* | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Experimental device and method for observing the deformation of dam seepage wall based on PIV technology |
| CN112525747A (en)* | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-19 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Clay dispersibility determination device and determination method |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20140709 Termination date:20170116 | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |