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CN203356785U - Electric spark machining device for local thinning of sheet part with complex shape - Google Patents

Electric spark machining device for local thinning of sheet part with complex shape
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CN203356785U
CN203356785UCN 201320391330CN201320391330UCN203356785UCN 203356785 UCN203356785 UCN 203356785UCN 201320391330CN201320391330CN 201320391330CN 201320391330 UCN201320391330 UCN 201320391330UCN 203356785 UCN203356785 UCN 203356785U
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thin plate
plate
hollow
hollow plate
thin
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郁子欣
陈建宁
杨桂珍
周旭娇
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本实用新型公开了一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,属于薄板件加工领域。复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置包括基准元件,螺钉,两块镂空平板,定位销与底座,其特点在于,用上下两块镂空平板压持薄板件的非加工区域及加强筋,定位后夹紧使三者形成一个刚体,再将其定位夹紧于底座上,用整体电极对薄板件正面和反面进行交替减薄电火花加工,最后去除加强筋得到最终零件。本实用新型有效地解决了薄板件在减薄加工中变形的问题,提高了薄板件减薄加工精度。

The utility model discloses an electric discharge machining device for partially thinning thin plate parts with complex shapes, which belongs to the field of thin plate part processing. The EDM device for partial thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes includes reference components, screws, two hollowed out plates, positioning pins and bases. After clamping, the three form a rigid body, and then position and clamp it on the base, use the integral electrode to alternately thin the front and back of the thin plate by EDM, and finally remove the ribs to obtain the final part. The utility model effectively solves the problem of deformation of thin plate parts during thinning processing, and improves the thinning processing precision of thin plate parts.

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置An EDM device for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,其属于薄板薄壁件的加工技术领域。The utility model relates to an electric discharge machining device for local thinning of complex-shaped thin-plate parts, which belongs to the technical field of processing thin-plate and thin-wall parts.

背景技术Background technique

目前无论是在普通机械领域还是在航空航天领域都大量使用薄板薄壁件,该类零件通常有以下的特点:壁薄,刚度弱,加工过程中极易变形;精度要求高,关键尺寸精度为IT5-IT2级,关键形位精度5-3级以上。At present, both in the field of general machinery and in the field of aerospace, thin-plate and thin-walled parts are widely used. These parts usually have the following characteristics: thin wall, weak rigidity, and easy deformation during processing; high precision requirements, and the accuracy of key dimensions is IT5-IT2 level, the key shape and position accuracy is above level 5-3.

由于应用原因,工程设计时以满足其形状、厚度、精度和质量等物理指标为首要目的。因而受形状和质量的限制,零件强度能满足使用要求,刚度指标却常常被忽略或考虑不够。这些精密零件是在组合状态下使用,刚度对其应用一般没有多大影响,但对生产加工来说却是十分不利的。Due to application reasons, the primary purpose of engineering design is to meet its physical indicators such as shape, thickness, precision and quality. Therefore, limited by the shape and quality, the strength of the parts can meet the requirements of use, but the stiffness index is often ignored or not considered enough. These precision parts are used in a combined state, and the stiffness generally has little effect on its application, but it is very unfavorable for production and processing.

目前针对这一类薄板薄壁零件的加工主要有铣削加工,电解加工和电火花加工。At present, the processing of this type of thin-plate and thin-walled parts mainly includes milling, electrolytic machining and EDM.

铣削加工能够加工出精确轮廓和光滑表面,材料去除率较高,尤其是高速铣削,具有高效,工件温升小,接触力小的优点。但铣削加工始终是接触式加工,由于一些薄板件厚度不足0.5mm,即便是较小的铣削力,还是对薄板件变形产生了一定影响;同时,零件材料多为难加工材料,且减薄区域形状复杂,过度圆角很小,铣削加工时刀具要求高,而刀具轨迹较复杂。Milling can process precise contours and smooth surfaces, and has a high material removal rate, especially high-speed milling, which has the advantages of high efficiency, small temperature rise of the workpiece, and small contact force. However, milling is always a contact process. Since the thickness of some thin plate parts is less than 0.5mm, even a small milling force still has a certain impact on the deformation of the thin plate part; Complicated, the excessive fillet is very small, the tool requirements are high during milling, and the tool path is more complicated.

电解加工是基于电化学阳极溶解原理去除材料,不受金属材料硬度和强度的限制,加工速度快,工具阴极无损耗。但是,电解加工难以稳定获得高精度。对于形状复杂、精度要求又很高的薄板件来讲,采用电解加工,其工艺研发周期较长,对于大批量生产较为适宜。Electrolytic machining is based on the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution to remove materials. It is not limited by the hardness and strength of metal materials. The processing speed is fast and the tool cathode has no loss. However, it is difficult to stably obtain high precision in electrolytic machining. For thin plate parts with complex shapes and high precision requirements, electrolytic machining is used, and its process development cycle is longer, which is more suitable for mass production.

电火花成形加工是通过电火花放电蚀除材料,材料的可加工性与其力学性能无关,适合于加工难切削金属材料,加工时由于电极与工件不接触,故没有宏观切削力,装夹过程的夹紧力可以很小,基本上可以忽略夹紧变形,适宜加工低刚度零件;对于复杂薄板件的减薄加工可以设计整体电极,使用一组电规准,同时完成所有减薄区域的加工,在保证表面质量及加工精度的前提下提高了加工速度;电火花成形加工工艺研发周期较短,可以快速响应市场需求,适于小批量生产。EDM machining is to remove materials by electric spark discharge. The machinability of materials has nothing to do with its mechanical properties. It is suitable for processing difficult-to-cut metal materials. Since the electrodes are not in contact with the workpiece during processing, there is no macroscopic cutting force. The clamping force can be very small, and the clamping deformation can basically be ignored, which is suitable for processing low-rigidity parts; for the thinning processing of complex thin plate parts, an integral electrode can be designed, and a set of electric gauges can be used to complete the processing of all thinning areas at the same time. The processing speed is improved under the premise of ensuring the surface quality and processing accuracy; the research and development cycle of EDM processing is short, which can quickly respond to market demand and is suitable for small batch production.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型提供一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,实现了对复杂薄板件的高精度加工,解决了薄板件在减薄加工过程中变形的问题。The utility model provides an electric discharge machining device for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes, which realizes high-precision machining of complex thin plate parts and solves the problem of deformation of the thin plate parts during the thinning process.

本实用新型采用如下技术方案:一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,其包括基准元件,电极,第一螺钉,第二螺钉,第一镂空平板,第二镂空平板,定位销与底座,所述电极与基准元件连接夹持于机床主轴上,所述薄板件被压于所述第一镂空平板和第二镂空平板之间,所述定位销将所述薄板件、第一镂空平板及第二镂空平板定位后通过所述第二螺钉夹紧使薄板件、第一镂空平板及第二镂空平板成为一个刚体,所述薄板件、第一镂空平板及第二镂空平板通过所述第一螺钉夹紧定位于所述底座上。The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a local thinning electric discharge machining device for thin plate parts with complex shapes, which includes a reference element, an electrode, a first screw, a second screw, a first hollow plate, a second hollow plate, positioning pins and The base, the electrode and the reference element are connected and clamped on the spindle of the machine tool, the thin plate is pressed between the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate, and the positioning pin connects the thin plate, the first hollow After the plate and the second hollow plate are positioned, the thin plate, the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate become a rigid body by clamping the second screw, and the thin plate, the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate pass through the The first screw is clamped and positioned on the base.

所述镂空平板,是指压持薄板件的上下平板,分别根据薄板件正反面不同待加工区域镂空出相应的加工区域,其余位置均紧压薄板件以增强薄板件的刚度,从而减小零件在加工中的变形。The hollowed-out plate refers to the upper and lower plates that hold the thin plate, and hollow out the corresponding processing areas according to the different areas to be processed on the front and back of the thin plate, and press the thin plate tightly on the other positions to enhance the rigidity of the thin plate, thereby reducing the size of the parts. deformation during processing.

所述基准元件,是指一个从电极毛坯开始就始终与电极相连的基准块,通过将基准元件定位装夹于基准座上来保证整个加工过程的统一基准,从而保证电极制造精度以及薄板件最终加工精度。The reference element refers to a reference block that is always connected to the electrode from the electrode blank. By positioning the reference element and clamping it on the reference seat, the uniform reference of the entire processing process is guaranteed, thereby ensuring the manufacturing accuracy of the electrode and the final processing of the thin plate. precision.

所述复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置还包括有在分析薄板件存在的低刚度部位及待加工区域后,在零件外围和内部设计的加强筋,所述第一镂空平板和第二镂空平板完全压住所述加强筋。The local thinning electric discharge machining device for thin plate parts with complex shapes also includes reinforcing ribs designed on the periphery and inside of the parts after analyzing the low rigidity parts and areas to be processed in the thin plate parts. The first hollow plate and the second The hollowed-out flat plate completely presses down the reinforcing rib.

本实用新型还采用如下技术方案:一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工工艺,其包括如下步骤:The utility model also adopts the following technical scheme: a local thinning electric discharge machining process for thin plate parts with complex shapes, which includes the following steps:

(1)根据零件尺寸要求进行板件下料或直接采用符合厚度要求的薄板件;(1) Carry out plate blanking according to the size requirements of the parts or directly use thin plate parts that meet the thickness requirements;

(2)对薄板件用慢走丝线切割加工出零件复杂形状以及相应的加强筋;(2) For the thin plate parts, the complex shape of the parts and the corresponding ribs are processed by WEDM;

(3)对薄板件进行电化学去应力处理;(3) Perform electrochemical stress relief treatment on thin plate parts;

(4)根据薄板件正反两面待加工区域的形状和分布分别设计正面和反面整体加工电极;(4) According to the shape and distribution of the areas to be processed on the front and back sides of the thin plate, respectively design the front and back integral processing electrodes;

(5)用正面整体加工电极对薄板件正面进行电火花粗加工,而后将第一镂空平板、第二镂空平板与薄板件形成的刚体翻转,定位夹紧于底座上,再用反面整体加工电极对薄板件反面进行电火花粗加工;(5) Use the front integral processing electrode to perform rough EDM machining on the front of the thin plate, then turn over the rigid body formed by the first hollow plate, the second hollow plate and the thin plate, position and clamp it on the base, and then use the reverse integral machining electrode Rough EDM machining on the reverse side of the thin plate;

(6)用反面整体加工电极对薄板件反面进行电火花半精加工和精加工,而后将镂空平板与薄板件形成的刚体翻转,定位夹紧于底座上,再用正面整体加工电极对薄板件正面进行电火花半精加工和精加工;(6) Perform EDM semi-finishing and finishing on the back of the thin plate with the reverse integral processing electrode, then turn over the rigid body formed by the hollow plate and the thin plate, position and clamp it on the base, and then use the front integral processing electrode to align the thin plate EDM semi-finishing and finishing on the front;

(7)用慢走丝线切割去除加强筋得到最终薄板件成品。(7) Use WEDM to remove the reinforcing ribs to obtain the final thin plate product.

所述复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工工艺,整个过程从加工薄板件复杂形状及加强筋,到对薄板件正反两面进行电火花局部减薄加工,最后去除加强筋都采用了统一的定位基准即一面两销,从而保证了加工精度。The local thinning electric discharge machining process of the thin plate with complex shape, the whole process from the processing of the complex shape of the thin plate and the ribs, to the local thinning of the front and back sides of the thin plate by EDM, and the final removal of the ribs all adopt a unified process. The positioning datum is two pins on one side, thus ensuring the machining accuracy.

所述对薄板件正反两面进行交替电火花减薄加工,可以避免在不同侧面局部减薄加工时因表面应力变化而引起的变形。The alternate EDM thinning process on the front and back sides of the thin plate can avoid deformation caused by surface stress changes during local thinning process on different sides.

所述薄板件的粗加工,半精加工和精加工通过采用同一电极在加工方向进给时不断减小电规准以修复上一次电规准形成的加工表面,设进给量为                                                

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
,此次电规准对应的放电间隙为,此次电规准对应的变质层为,总的加工去除量为
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
,初始间隙为
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,则
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
=0.001mm-0.05mm)。The rough machining of the thin plate, the semi-finishing and the finishing are by using the same electrode to continuously reduce the electric gauge to repair the machined surface formed by the last electric gauge when feeding in the machining direction, and the feed rate is set as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, the discharge gap corresponding to this electric regulation is , the metamorphic layer corresponding to this electrical regulation is , the total machining removal amount is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
, the initial gap is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,but (
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
=0.001mm-0.05mm).

所述对薄板件进行电化学去应力处理,是为了消除薄板件表面残余应力,防止薄板件在不同侧面减薄加工时,因表面残余应力变化而导致零件变形。The electrochemical stress relief treatment of the thin plate is to eliminate the residual stress on the surface of the thin plate and prevent the deformation of the part due to the change of the surface residual stress when the thin plate is thinned on different sides.

本实用新型具有如下有益效果:The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1)在装夹时使用上下镂空平板压持薄板件,有效控制加工过程中薄板件的变形;同时对薄板件正反两面进行交替电火花减薄加工,避免在不同侧面局部减薄加工时因表面应力变化而引起的变形;(1) When clamping, use the upper and lower hollow plates to hold the thin plate to effectively control the deformation of the thin plate during processing; at the same time, carry out alternating EDM thinning processing on the front and back sides of the thin plate to avoid local thinning on different sides. Deformation due to changes in surface stress;

(2)使用整体电极对薄板件正面或反面所有待加工区域同时进行电火花减薄加工,提高了加工效率;采用两块镂空平板与工件固定为一个刚体的装夹方式,有效提高了工序间的换装效率;(2) Use the integral electrode to carry out EDM thinning machining on all the areas to be processed on the front or back of the thin plate at the same time, which improves the processing efficiency; adopts the clamping method of two hollow plates and the workpiece fixed as a rigid body, which effectively improves the working time. the replacement efficiency;

(3)减薄加工中使用同一电极对加工面进行电火花粗加工,半精加工和精加工,在保证加工精度和表面质量的前提下提高了加工速度。(3) In the thinning process, the same electrode is used to perform EDM rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing on the processed surface, and the processing speed is improved under the premise of ensuring the processing accuracy and surface quality.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric discharge machining device for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes according to the present invention.

图2为图1所示本实用新型复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置的剖面示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electric discharge machining device for local thinning of thin plate parts of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 .

图3为正面整体加工电极立体示意图。Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrally processed electrode on the front side.

图4为反面整体加工电极立体示意图。Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an integrally processed electrode on the reverse side.

图5为定位板的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning plate.

图6为运用本实用新型复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置加工出的薄板件成品示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a finished thin plate part processed by the electric discharge machining device with a complex shape thin plate part of the utility model.

图7为在进行局部电火花减薄加工之前的薄板件示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a thin plate before partial EDM.

其中:in:

基准元件-1,电极-2,第一螺钉-3,第二螺钉-4,第一镂空平板-5,薄板件-6,第二镂空平板-7,定位销-8,底座-9,薄板件成品-10,定位板-11,销孔-12,螺纹孔-13,工件坐标系找正孔-14,加强筋-15。Reference element-1, electrode-2, first screw-3, second screw-4, first hollow plate-5, thin plate-6, second hollow plate-7, positioning pin-8, base-9, thin plate Finished product-10, positioning plate-11, pin hole-12, threaded hole-13, workpiece coordinate system alignment hole-14, reinforcement rib-15.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

请参照图1和图2所示,本实用新型复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,包括基准元件1,第一螺钉3,第二螺钉4,第一镂空平板5,第二镂空平板7,定位销8与底座9,用第一镂空平板5和第二镂空平板7将薄板件6压在中间,用定位销8将三者定位后用第二螺钉4夹紧使三者成为一个刚体,拔出定位销8,再用定位销8将三者定位于底座9上,用第一螺钉3夹紧,将电极2与基准元件1连接夹持于机床主轴(未图示)上。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the electric discharge machining device for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes of the utility model includes a reference element 1, a first screw 3, a second screw 4, a firsthollow plate 5, and a secondhollow plate 7. The positioning pin 8 and the base 9, press the thin plate 6 in the middle with the firsthollow plate 5 and the secondhollow plate 7, position the three with the positioning pin 8 and clamp them with the second screw 4 to make the three become one Rigid body, pull out the positioning pin 8, and then use the positioning pin 8 to position the three on the base 9, clamp with the first screw 3, connect theelectrode 2 and the reference element 1 and clamp it on the machine tool spindle (not shown).

其中基准元件1,是指一个从电极毛坯开始就始终与电极相连的基准块,通过将基准元件定位装夹于基准座上来保证整个加工过程的统一基准,从而保证电极制造精度以及薄板件最终加工精度。Among them, the reference element 1 refers to a reference block that is always connected to the electrode from the electrode blank. By positioning the reference element and clamping it on the reference seat, the unified reference of the entire processing process is ensured, thereby ensuring the manufacturing accuracy of the electrode and the final processing of the thin plate. precision.

其中第一镂空平板5和第二镂空平板7是指压持薄板件6的上下平板,分别根据薄板件正反面不同待加工区域镂空出相应的加工区域,其余位置均紧压薄板件以增强薄板件的刚度,从而减小零件在加工中的变形。Wherein the first hollowed-outflat plate 5 and the second hollowed-outflat plate 7 refer to the upper and lower flat plates that hold the thin plate 6, respectively hollow out the corresponding processing areas according to the different areas to be processed on the front and back of the thin plate, and press the thin plate tightly in other positions to strengthen the thin plate The rigidity of the part, thereby reducing the deformation of the part during processing.

其中第一镂空平板5和第二镂空平板7可以制作两套以上,保证在上一次加工完成之后,可以迅速换装下一套已经定位夹紧好的整体,从而提高换装效率。 Wherein the first hollowflat plate 5 and the second hollowflat plate 7 can be made more than two sets, ensure that after the last processing is completed, the next set of positioned and clamped wholes can be quickly changed, thereby improving the changing efficiency. the

请参照图3和图4所示,本实用新型中根据薄板件正反两面待加工区域的形状和分布分别设计正面和反面整体加工电极。Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in the utility model, according to the shape and distribution of the areas to be processed on the front and back sides of the thin plate, the front and back integral processing electrodes are respectively designed.

请参照图5所示,本实用新型复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置还包括有定位板11,通过将多块薄板件6整齐叠放于定位板11上,用销钉进行统一定位后夹紧,将定位板安装在机床基准接口上,对薄板件6用慢走丝线切割加工出零件复杂形状和相应的加强筋。其中定位板11是指一块用于定位夹紧薄板件6进行慢走丝加工的平板,定位板11上包括用于薄板件定位的销孔12,用于夹紧薄板件的螺纹孔13以及工件坐标系找正孔14。Please refer to Fig. 5, the electric discharge machining device for local thinning of complex-shaped thin plate parts of the present invention also includes apositioning plate 11, by stacking a plurality of thin plate parts 6 neatly on thepositioning plate 11, after unified positioning with pins Clamping, the positioning plate is installed on the datum interface of the machine tool, and the complex shape of the part and the corresponding reinforcing rib are processed by WEDM on the thin plate part 6. Wherein thepositioning plate 11 refers to a flat plate for positioning and clamping the thin plate 6 for slow wire-feeding processing. Thepositioning plate 11 includes apin hole 12 for positioning the thin plate, a threadedhole 13 for clamping the thin plate and the workpiece The coordinate system aligns thehole 14.

请参照图6和图7所示,加强筋15,是指在分析薄板件存在的低刚度部位及待加工区域后,在零件外围和内部设计相应工艺加强结构,在装夹时,用上下平板将加强筋15全压住,增强了薄板件的整体刚度,从而减小零件在加工过程中的变形。Please refer to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the reinforcingrib 15 refers to the design of the corresponding process strengthening structure on the periphery and inside of the part after analyzing the low rigidity part and the area to be processed in the thin plate part. When clamping, use the upper and lower plates Pressing the reinforcingribs 15 fully increases the overall rigidity of the thin plate, thereby reducing the deformation of the part during processing.

请参照图1至图2并结合图3至图7所示,本实用新型复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工工艺,具体步骤如下:Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 and in combination with Fig. 3 to Fig. 7, the electric discharge machining process for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes of the utility model, the specific steps are as follows:

(1)、根据零件尺寸要求进行板件下料或直接采用符合厚度要求的薄板件;(1) According to the size requirements of the parts, the plate blanking is carried out or the thin plate parts that meet the thickness requirements are directly used;

(2)、将多块薄板件整齐叠放于定位板上,用销钉进行统一定位后夹紧,将定位板安装在机床基准接口上,对薄板件用慢走丝线切割加工出零件复杂形状和相应的加强筋;(2) Stack multiple thin plates neatly on the positioning plate, use pins for uniform positioning and then clamp them, install the positioning plate on the machine tool reference interface, and process the complex shapes and parts of the thin plates with slow wire cutting Corresponding stiffeners;

(3)、清洗薄板件表面后使用电化学加工方法去除表面应力;(3) After cleaning the surface of the thin plate, use the electrochemical processing method to remove the surface stress;

(4)、根据薄板件正反两面待加工区域的形状和分布分别设计正面和反面整体加工电极;(4) According to the shape and distribution of the area to be processed on the front and back sides of the thin plate, respectively design the front and back integral processing electrodes;

(5)、用正面整体加工电极配合粗加工电规准对薄板件正面进行电火花粗加工,而后将第一镂空平板5,第二镂空平板7与薄板件6组成的刚体翻转,定位夹紧于底座9上,再用反面整体加工电极配合粗加工电规准对薄板件6反面进行电火花粗加工;(5) Perform rough EDM machining on the front of the thin plate with the overall machining electrode on the front and cooperate with the rough machining electric standard, then turn over the rigid body composed of the firsthollow plate 5, the secondhollow plate 7 and the thin plate 6, and position and clamp On the base 9, use the reverse overall machining electrode to cooperate with the rough machining electrical standard to perform rough EDM machining on the back of the thin plate part 6;

(6)、用反面整体加工电极配合逐次减小的电规准对薄板件6反面进行电火花半精加工和精加工,而后将第一镂空平板5,第二镂空平板7与薄板件6形成的刚体翻转,定位夹紧于底座9上,用正面整体加工电极配合逐次减小的电规准对薄板件正面进行电火花半精加工和精加工;(6) Conduct EDM semi-finishing and finishing on the reverse side of the thin plate part 6 with the integral processing electrode on the reverse side and gradually reduce the electrical standard, and then form the firsthollow plate 5, the secondhollow plate 7 and the thin plate part 6 The rigid body is flipped over, positioned and clamped on the base 9, and the front of the thin plate is subjected to EDM semi-finishing and finishing with the front integral processing electrode and the gradually decreasing electrical standard;

(7)、将多块前期加工完成的薄板件整齐叠放于定位板上,用销钉进行统一定位后夹紧,将定位板安装在机床基准接口上,用慢走丝线切割去除外围的加强筋,得到最终薄板件成品。(7) Stack several pre-processed thin plates neatly on the positioning plate, use pins for uniform positioning and clamp them, install the positioning plate on the machine tool reference interface, and remove the peripheral reinforcing ribs by wire cutting , to obtain the final thin plate finished product.

本实用新型薄板件局部减薄电火花加工工艺,整个过程从加工薄板件复杂形状以及加强筋,到对薄板件正反两面进行电火花局部减薄,最后去除加强筋都采用了统一的定位基准即一面两销,从而保证了加工精度。The electric discharge machining process for local thinning of thin plate parts of the utility model adopts a unified positioning reference in the whole process from processing complex shapes of thin plate parts and reinforcing ribs to performing local thinning of electric sparks on the front and back sides of thin plate parts, and finally removing reinforcing ribs That is, two pins on one side, thus ensuring the machining accuracy.

本实用新型对薄板件正反两面进行交替电火花减薄加工,可以避免在不同侧面局部减薄加工时因表面应力变化而引起的变形。The utility model performs alternate electric spark thinning processing on the front and back sides of the thin plate, which can avoid deformation caused by surface stress changes during local thinning processing on different sides.

本实用新型对薄板件的粗加工,半精加工和精加工通过采用同一电极在加工方向进给时不断减小电规准以修复上一次电规准形成的加工表面,设进给量为

Figure 795433DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
,此次电规准对应的放电间隙为
Figure 549763DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
,此次电规准对应的变质层为,总的加工去除量为
Figure 872477DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
,初始间隙为
Figure 302321DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,则
Figure 356996DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
=0.001mm-0.05mm)。The utility model uses the same electrode for the rough machining, semi-finishing machining and finishing machining of the thin plate to continuously reduce the electric gauge to repair the processing surface formed by the last electric gauge when feeding in the processing direction, and the feed rate is set as
Figure 795433DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, the discharge gap corresponding to this electric regulation is
Figure 549763DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, the metamorphic layer corresponding to this electrical regulation is , the total machining removal amount is
Figure 872477DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
, the initial gap is
Figure 302321DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,but
Figure 356996DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
( =0.001mm-0.05mm).

本实用新型中对薄板件进行电化学去应力处理,是为了消除薄板件表面残余应力,防止薄板件在不同侧面减薄加工时,因表面残余应力变化而导致零件变形。In the utility model, the electrochemical stress relief treatment is performed on the thin plate to eliminate the residual stress on the surface of the thin plate and prevent the deformation of the part due to the change of the surface residual stress when the thin plate is thinned on different sides.

以上所述仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下还可以作出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these improvements should also be regarded as the present invention. Protection scope of utility model.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese
1.一种复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,其包括基准元件,电极,第一螺钉,第二螺钉,第一镂空平板,第二镂空平板,定位销与底座,其特征在于:所述电极与基准元件连接夹持于机床主轴上,所述薄板件被压于所述第一镂空平板和第二镂空平板之间,所述定位销将所述薄板件、第一镂空平板及第二镂空平板定位后通过所述第二螺钉夹紧使薄板件、第一镂空平板及第二镂空平板成为一个刚体,所述薄板件、第一镂空平板及第二镂空平板通过所述第一螺钉夹紧定位于所述底座上。1. A local thinning electric discharge machining device for a complex-shaped thin plate, which includes a reference element, an electrode, a first screw, a second screw, a first hollow plate, a second hollow plate, positioning pins and a base, characterized in that: The electrode is connected to the reference element and clamped on the spindle of the machine tool, the thin plate is pressed between the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate, and the positioning pin connects the thin plate, the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate. After the second hollow plate is positioned, clamp the thin plate, the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate into a rigid body by clamping the second screw, and the thin plate, the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate pass through the first hollow plate. A screw clamp is positioned on the base.2.如权利要求1所述的复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,其特征在于:所述第一镂空平板和第二镂空平板根据薄板件正反面不同待加工区域镂空出相应的加工区域,其余位置均紧压薄板件。2. The EDM device for local thinning of complex-shaped thin plate parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first hollowed out plate and the second hollowed out plate are hollowed out according to the different areas to be processed on the front and back of the thin plate. area, and the rest of the positions are pressed against the sheet metal.3.如权利要求2所述的复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置,其特征在于:所述复杂形状薄板件局部减薄电火花加工装置还包括有在分析薄板件存在的低刚度部位及待加工区域后,在零件外围和内部设计的加强筋,所述第一镂空平板和第二镂空平板完全压住所述加强筋。3. The electric discharge machining device for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the electric discharge machining device for local thinning of thin plate parts with complex shapes also includes a low rigidity part existing in the analysis thin plate parts After the area to be processed, the reinforcement ribs are designed on the periphery and inside of the part, and the first hollow plate and the second hollow plate completely press the reinforcement ribs.
CN 2013203913302013-07-032013-07-03Electric spark machining device for local thinning of sheet part with complex shapeExpired - LifetimeCN203356785U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
CN103341671A (en)*2013-07-032013-10-09南京航空航天大学Device and process for local thinning electric spark machining on complicated shape sheet piece
CN103949732A (en)*2014-04-292014-07-30江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司Device for forging and processing special-shaped male die corner and processing method thereof
CN105436639A (en)*2014-08-132016-03-30常州兰翔机械有限责任公司Electrode device for electroimpulse machining of locking plate grooves and machining method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle
CN103341671A (en)*2013-07-032013-10-09南京航空航天大学Device and process for local thinning electric spark machining on complicated shape sheet piece
CN103341671B (en)*2013-07-032015-10-28南京航空航天大学A kind of complicated shape sheet member local reduction's electric discharge machining apparatus and processing technology
CN103949732A (en)*2014-04-292014-07-30江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司Device for forging and processing special-shaped male die corner and processing method thereof
CN105436639A (en)*2014-08-132016-03-30常州兰翔机械有限责任公司Electrode device for electroimpulse machining of locking plate grooves and machining method

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