CN202836826U

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN202836826U
Application number: CN201220550087.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周斌; 刘王兵; 凌在盈; 潘玉良; 窦文洁
Original assignee: Hangzhou Normal University
Current assignee: Hangzhou Normal University
Priority date: 2012-10-25
Filing date: 2012-10-25
Publication date: 2013-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses an in-situ sensing and measuring device for surface water temperature and salinity. The in-situ sensing and measuring device for surface water temperature and salinity comprises a microprocessor, a geographic space positioning module, a battery, a communication module, a sensor data acquisition module, an integrated circuit board, a plastic float, a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor and two rubber plugs. The integrated circuit board and the rubber plugs are disposed in the plastic float. The battery powers the integrated circuit board. The microprocessor is installed on the integrated circuit board. The geographic space positioning module and the communication module are disposed at the top of the plastic float. The geographic space positioning module, the communication module and the sensor data acquisition module are connected with the integrated circuit board through transmission lines. The geographic space positioning module, the sensor data acquisition module, the microprocessor, the communication module and the battery are all integrated on the integrated circuit board. The rubber plugs are disposed at the bottom of the plastic float. The rubber plugs are provided with the temperature sensor and the salinity sensor respectively. The in-situ sensing and measuring device for surface water temperature and salinity provides high measurement data amount and is high in measurement precision and low in cost.

Description

Translated fromChinese

表层水体温盐度原位传感测量装置Surface water body temperature and salinity in-situ sensing device

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于海洋水体探测技术领域，具体涉及一种表层水体水温、盐度测量设备，尤其是一种表层水体温盐度原位传感测量装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine water body detection, in particular to a device for measuring surface water body temperature and salinity, in particular to an in-situ sensing and measuring device for surface water body temperature and salinity.

背景技术Background technique

海洋表面面积占地球表面面积的百分之七十，海洋表面温度和盐度是研究海洋环流、大气环流、海洋温度锋、海洋天气与气候等海洋学和气象学课题的两个十分重要的物理因子，在渔业生产活动和气象服务中温盐度的时空分布还与近海养殖、海洋环境污染、雷暴异常和热带气旋的时空分布等密切相关。大量长时间序列的原位测量数据，将为海表面的温盐度对大气及海洋的影响的机理研究提供重要的数据基础。河口与近岸水体是陆源水体与海水交汇的区域，水文要素时空变异巨大，更容易发生环境的破坏和污染。赤潮是近岸及河口地区经常发生的一种环境污染问题，尽管我国近海环境复杂多变，但海温、盐度、气温和风场是赤潮发生、发展和消亡的重要环境物理因子。实时的海表面温盐度的原位测量数据将在赤潮的预警以及治理工作中发挥重要的作用。随着遥感技术的发展，大面积的海表面数据的遥测成为了大尺度变化研究的重要手段，但遥测技术反演模型的精度的提高是建立在大量的实效性的原位测量数据的基础之上的。同时内陆水体的温度和盐度的研究正在兴起，温度对内陆水体中的生物活动影响巨大，温度和盐度的变化还能导致沉积物内源磷等物质释放量的变化。综上所述，温盐度是海洋及内陆水体重要的物理参数，原位测量数据的获取意义重大。The surface area of the ocean accounts for 70% of the earth's surface area. The ocean surface temperature and salinity are two very important physical parameters for studying oceanographic and meteorological topics such as ocean circulation, atmospheric circulation, ocean temperature front, ocean weather and climate. The temporal and spatial distribution of temperature and salinity in fishery production activities and meteorological services is also closely related to the spatial and temporal distribution of offshore aquaculture, marine environmental pollution, thunderstorm anomalies, and tropical cyclones. A large number of long-term in-situ measurement data will provide an important data basis for the study of the mechanism of the influence of sea surface temperature and salinity on the atmosphere and ocean. Estuaries and nearshore water bodies are areas where land-source water bodies and seawater meet, and hydrological elements vary greatly in time and space, making environmental damage and pollution more likely to occur. Red tide is a kind of environmental pollution problem that often occurs in coastal and estuary areas. Although the coastal environment of my country is complex and changeable, sea temperature, salinity, air temperature and wind field are important environmental physical factors for the occurrence, development and extinction of red tide. The real-time in-situ measurement data of sea surface temperature and salinity will play an important role in the early warning and control of red tide. With the development of remote sensing technology, the telemetry of large-area sea surface data has become an important means for the study of large-scale changes, but the improvement of the accuracy of the inversion model of telemetry technology is based on a large number of effective in-situ measurement data. Up. At the same time, studies on the temperature and salinity of inland water bodies are emerging. Temperature has a great impact on biological activities in inland water bodies. Changes in temperature and salinity can also lead to changes in the release of endogenous phosphorus and other substances in sediments. To sum up, temperature and salinity are important physical parameters of oceans and inland water bodies, and the acquisition of in-situ measurement data is of great significance.

现有的观测水表面温盐度的方法有：走航，浮标和遥感三种方法。The existing methods for observing the temperature and salinity of the water surface are: navigation, buoy and remote sensing.

走航方法，是指沿着测量船航行的路线对经过的水域进行线形采点测量，数据较为准确，但时效性差，成本较高，且航行的线路稀疏不足以代表整个研究水域的温盐度情况，另外还涉及人身安全的问题；第二种方法，浮标测量，是指在研究水域中定点安置载有温盐传感器的浮标，测量数据通过无线传输送回地面。虽然可以即时传输数据，但是浮标的体积相对巨大，投放的密度很小，成本相对较高，受水表面变化情况影响较大，易丢失，而且是定点测量，同样不能提供整个水域完整的信息；第三种方法，是通过遥感卫星接收的信号进行反演得出水表面的温盐度数据，但由于反演模型的精度还不能满足要求，尤其是盐度的反演更是刚刚起步，所以使其可以大面积测量的优势得不到体现。同时，遥感反演模型同样是根据大量的实效性的原位测量数据与传感器接收的信号之间的关系建立起来的，所以原位测量对于遥感方法同样很重要。The navigation method refers to the linear sampling point measurement of the passing water along the route of the survey ship. The data is relatively accurate, but the timeliness is poor and the cost is high, and the navigation route is sparse enough to represent the temperature and salinity of the entire research water area. The second method, buoy measurement, refers to placing buoys with temperature and salinity sensors at fixed points in the research waters, and the measurement data is sent back to the ground through wireless transmission. Although the data can be transmitted in real time, the volume of the buoy is relatively large, the density of the buoy is small, the cost is relatively high, it is greatly affected by the change of the water surface, and it is easy to lose, and it is a fixed-point measurement, which cannot provide complete information on the entire water area; The third method is to invert the temperature and salinity data of the water surface through the inversion of signals received by remote sensing satellites. However, since the accuracy of the inversion model cannot meet the requirements, especially the inversion of salinity has just started, so using Its advantage of being able to measure a large area is not reflected. At the same time, the remote sensing inversion model is also established based on the relationship between a large number of practical in-situ measurement data and the signals received by the sensor, so in-situ measurement is also very important for remote sensing methods.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型的目的是为了克服已有的水表面温盐度测量技术的测量数据时效性差，测量数据稀少，测量精度较低，测量成本高的不足，提供一种表层水体温盐度原位传感测量装置，该装置时效性强，测量数据多，精度相对较高，低成本，小体积且可自由浮动。The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing water surface temperature and salinity measurement technology, such as poor timeliness of measurement data, scarce measurement data, low measurement accuracy, and high measurement cost, and provide an in-situ measurement of surface water temperature and salinity. Sensing measurement device, the device has strong timeliness, a large amount of measurement data, relatively high precision, low cost, small volume and free floating.

本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:

本实用新型包括微处理器、地理空间定位模块、电池、通讯模块、传感器数据采集模块、集成电路板、塑料浮体、温度传感器、盐度传感器、橡胶塞。The utility model comprises a microprocessor, a geographic space positioning module, a battery, a communication module, a sensor data acquisition module, an integrated circuit board, a plastic floating body, a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor and a rubber plug.

塑料浮体内设置有集成电路板、橡胶塞，电池为集成电路板供电，微处理器安装于集成电路板上，地理空间定位模块、通讯模块设置在塑料浮体顶部，地理空间定位模块、通讯模块和传感器数据采集模块通过传输线与集成电路板相连接，且地理空间定位模块、传感器数据采集模块、微处理器、通讯模块、电池都集成在集成电路板上，橡胶塞设置在塑料浮体底部，两个橡胶塞分别安装有温度传感器、盐度传感器；An integrated circuit board and a rubber plug are arranged in the plastic floating body, and the battery supplies power to the integrated circuit board. The sensor data acquisition module is connected to the integrated circuit board through a transmission line, and the geospatial positioning module, sensor data acquisition module, microprocessor, communication module, and battery are all integrated on the integrated circuit board, and the rubber plug is set at the bottom of the plastic floating body. The rubber plugs are respectively equipped with temperature sensors and salinity sensors;

所述的塑料浮体作为水面漂浮仪器；The plastic floating body is used as a water surface floating instrument;

所述地理空间定位模块，可选GPS定位电路模块、北斗定位电路模块、伽利略定位电路模块等用于地理空间定位的电路模块，用于根据所述微处理器的数据采集指令接收全球定位系统信号，确定当前浮体装置所在的地理空间位置，并输入到微处理器；The geospatial positioning module, optional GPS positioning circuit module, Beidou positioning circuit module, Galileo positioning circuit module and other circuit modules for geospatial positioning, are used to receive global positioning system signals according to the data acquisition instructions of the microprocessor , determine the geospatial position where the current floating body device is located, and input it to the microprocessor;

所述温度传感器和盐度传感器暴露在水体中，用于检测表层水体的温度和盐度，保证水表面采集位置的温盐度参数与采样点的空间位置参数对应；并将检测数据传送至数据采集模块；The temperature sensor and the salinity sensor are exposed in the water body, and are used to detect the temperature and salinity of the surface water body, so as to ensure that the temperature and salinity parameters of the water surface collection position correspond to the spatial position parameters of the sampling point; and the detection data is transmitted to the data acquisition module;

所述传感器数据采集模块，用于根据微处理器的数据采集指令输出水体温度和盐度信号至微处理器；The sensor data acquisition module is used to output water body temperature and salinity signals to the microprocessor according to the data acquisition instructions of the microprocessor;

所述通讯模块，可选择无线电通信电路、WIFI通信电路、GPRS通信电路、G通信电路等信息传输电路，用于根据微处理器的数据发送指令，将所述水体温度和盐度以及地理空间位置信息通过无线方式传送给地面监测中心；The communication module can select information transmission circuits such as radio communication circuit, WIFI communication circuit, GPRS communication circuit, G communication circuit, etc., and is used to send instructions according to the data of the microprocessor, and the temperature and salinity of the water body and the geographical space position The information is transmitted wirelessly to the ground monitoring center;

所述地面监测中心经所述通讯模块向微处理器发出数据采集指令，启动数据的采集和传输作业。The ground monitoring center sends a data collection command to the microprocessor via the communication module to start data collection and transmission.

本实用新型的有益效果主如下：The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly as follows:

本实用新型采用现场原位传感方式测量，参数测量精度高，效率高；采用地理空间定位模块，确保水体温盐度信息与采样点的空间位置地理参数对应；采用无线通信和自容工作相结合，数据采集的位置适应广，控制灵活主动；采用大面积布放，单个数据成本低，灵活性大；体积较小，受干扰小，样本数据精度高；可长时间自行漂浮，测量装置可重复使用，维护成本低；由地面计算机发出指令，可获得时序一致的参数，便于数据分析，方便实现与遥感探测同步，利于开展验证工作。The utility model adopts the on-site in-situ sensing method to measure, and the parameter measurement accuracy is high, and the efficiency is high; the geographic space positioning module is used to ensure that the water body temperature and salinity information corresponds to the spatial location and geographical parameters of the sampling point; wireless communication and self-contained working phase are adopted. Combined, the location of data collection is widely adaptable, and the control is flexible and active; it adopts large-area deployment, the cost of a single data is low, and the flexibility is large; the volume is small, the interference is small, and the accuracy of sample data is high; it can float by itself for a long time, and the measurement device can Repeated use, low maintenance cost; the command issued by the ground computer can obtain parameters with consistent time series, which is convenient for data analysis, convenient for synchronization with remote sensing detection, and convenient for verification work.

综上，本实用新型实现水表面温盐度原位测量的要求，测量数据量大、准确、测量装置简单、测量成本低廉、测量方法灵活。可为水表面温盐度遥感反演模型的建立和改善提供重要的数据基础。若能进行分区投放，合理预测漂浮路线及网点情况，便能实时精确的实现区域水表层温度场和盐度场分布的动态可视化仿真分析。To sum up, the utility model realizes the requirement of in-situ measurement of water surface temperature and salinity, with large amount of measurement data, accuracy, simple measurement device, low measurement cost and flexible measurement method. It can provide an important data basis for the establishment and improvement of the water surface temperature and salinity remote sensing inversion model. If it is possible to carry out regional distribution and reasonably predict the floating route and network conditions, the dynamic visualization simulation analysis of the temperature field and salinity field distribution of the regional water surface layer can be realized in real time and accurately.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型整体示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the utility model;

图2为本实用新型剖面图；Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the utility model;

图中，微处理器1、地理空间定位模块2、电池3、通讯模块4、传感器数据采集模块5、集成电路板6、塑料浮体7、温度传感器8、盐度传感器9、橡胶塞10。In the figure, microprocessor 1,geospatial positioning module 2,battery 3,communication module 4, sensordata acquisition module 5,integrated circuit board 6, plastic floating body 7,temperature sensor 8,salinity sensor 9,rubber plug 10.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

如图1、图2所示，表层水体温盐度原位传感测量装置，包括微处理器1、地理空间定位模块2、电池3、通讯模块4、传感器数据采集模块5、集成电路板6、塑料浮体7、温度传感器8、盐度传感器9、橡胶塞10。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the in-situ sensing and measuring device for surface water temperature and salinity includes a microprocessor 1, ageospatial positioning module 2, abattery 3, acommunication module 4, a sensordata acquisition module 5, and anintegrated circuit board 6 , Plastic floating body 7,temperature sensor 8,salinity sensor 9,rubber plug 10.

塑料浮体7内设置有集成电路板6、橡胶塞10，电池3为集成电路板6供电，微处理器1安装于集成电路板6上，地理空间定位模块2、通讯模块4设置在塑料浮体7顶部，地理空间定位模块2、通讯模块4和传感器数据采集模块5通过传输线与集成电路板6相连接，且地理空间定位模块2、传感器数据采集模块5、微处理器1、通讯模块4、电池3都集成在集成电路板6上，橡胶塞10设置在塑料浮体7底部，且两个橡胶塞10分别安装有温度传感器8、盐度传感器9；Anintegrated circuit board 6 and arubber plug 10 are arranged in the plastic floating body 7, thebattery 3 supplies power for theintegrated circuit board 6, the microprocessor 1 is installed on the integratedcircuit board 6, and thegeospatial positioning module 2 and thecommunication module 4 are arranged on the plastic floating body 7 Top,geospatial positioning module 2,communication module 4 and sensordata acquisition module 5 are connected withintegrated circuit board 6 through transmission line, andgeospatial positioning module 2, sensordata acquisition module 5, microprocessor 1,communication module 4,battery 3 are integrated on the integratedcircuit board 6, therubber plug 10 is arranged at the bottom of the plastic floating body 7, and the tworubber plugs 10 are respectively equipped with atemperature sensor 8 and asalinity sensor 9;

所述的塑料浮体7作为水面漂浮仪器；Described plastic floating body 7 is used as water surface floating instrument;

所述地理空间定位模块2，可选GPS定位电路模块、北斗定位电路模块、伽利略定位电路模块等用于地理空间定位的电路模块，用于根据所述微处理器1的数据采集指令接收全球定位系统信号，确定当前浮体装置所在的地理空间位置，并输入到微处理器1；Thegeospatial positioning module 2, optional GPS positioning circuit module, Beidou positioning circuit module, Galileo positioning circuit module and other circuit modules for geospatial positioning, for receiving global positioning according to the data acquisition instruction of the microprocessor 1 The system signal is used to determine the current geospatial position of the floating body device and input it to the microprocessor 1;

所述温度传感器8和盐度传感器9暴露在水体中，用于检测表层水体的温度和盐度，保证水表面采集位置的温盐度参数与采样点的空间位置参数对应；并将检测数据传送至数据采集模块5；Thetemperature sensor 8 and thesalinity sensor 9 are exposed in the water body, and are used to detect the temperature and salinity of the surface water body, so as to ensure that the temperature and salinity parameters of the water surface collection position correspond to the spatial position parameters of the sampling point; and transmit the detection data To thedata acquisition module 5;

所述传感器数据采集模块5，用于根据微处理器1的数据采集指令输出水体温度和盐度信号至微处理器1；The sensordata acquisition module 5 is used to output water body temperature and salinity signals to the microprocessor 1 according to the data acquisition instruction of the microprocessor 1;

所述通讯模块4，可选择无线电通信电路、WIFI通信电路、GPRS通信电路、3G通信电路等信息传输电路，用于根据微处理器1的数据发送指令，将所述水体温度和盐度以及地理空间位置信息通过无线方式传送给地面监测中心；Thecommunication module 4 can select information transmission circuits such as radio communication circuits, WIFI communication circuits, GPRS communication circuits, 3G communication circuits, etc., for sending instructions according to the data of the microprocessor 1, and the temperature and salinity of the water body and the geographic location The spatial position information is transmitted to the ground monitoring center through wireless means;

所述地面监测中心经所述通讯模块4向微处理器1发出数据采集指令，启动数据的采集和传输作业。The ground monitoring center sends a data collection command to the microprocessor 1 via thecommunication module 4 to start data collection and transmission.

本实用新型工作过程如下：The utility model work process is as follows:

首先，微处理器1通过地理空间定位模块2获取空间地理位置参数，通过传感器数据采集模块5获取温度和盐度信号，发送数据采集指令和数据传送指令；传感器数据采集模块5，由A/D转换、信号采集和调理电路构成；温度传感器8和盐度传感器9，主要传感水体表层的温度和盐度；橡胶塞装置10，主要用于固定传感器以及密封漂浮体装置，保护内部的集成电路板装置。First, the microprocessor 1 obtains the spatial geographic location parameters through thegeospatial positioning module 2, obtains temperature and salinity signals through the sensordata acquisition module 5, and sends data acquisition instructions and data transmission instructions; the sensordata acquisition module 5 is controlled by the A/D Conversion, signal acquisition and conditioning circuits;temperature sensor 8 andsalinity sensor 9, mainly sensing the temperature and salinity of the surface of the water body;rubber plug device 10, mainly used for fixing the sensor and sealing the floating body device, protecting the internal integrated circuit plate device.

浮体装置7将在预定的水域自由漂浮，数据采集指令由微处理器1按设定计划发出，或由地面计算机通过无线网络发出指令，进行数据的采集和传输作业；通信模块4在微处理器1的指挥下，将水体温盐度与采样点的空间位置等参数，通过无线方式传送给地面监测中心；本装置同时设计成数据自容方式，所有数据可临时存储在存储卡上，待装置完成作业后回收到地面再导出数据，该功能设计以适应无线通讯还未覆盖到的一些测量位置。The floating body device 7 will float freely in the predetermined water area, and the data collection instruction is issued by the microprocessor 1 according to the set plan, or the computer on the ground sends an instruction through the wireless network to carry out data collection and transmission operations; thecommunication module 4 is in the microprocessor Under the command of 1, parameters such as water body temperature and salinity and the spatial position of the sampling point are transmitted to the ground monitoring center through wireless means; the device is also designed as a data self-contained mode, and all data can be temporarily stored on the memory card. After the operation is completed, it is recovered to the ground and then the data is exported. This function is designed to adapt to some measurement locations that have not yet been covered by wireless communication.

现有技术中尚未看到水体表层中大量投放的温盐度原位测量装置，本实用新型的意义在于大量获取水体表层的温度和盐度原位测量数据，测量精度高，数据成本低，数据量大，为定标、验证提供了有力的技术依据；采用本方法，合理布置传感器，优化参数采集策略，即可获得三维空间按时序变化的水体表层温度和盐度分布及变化规律。In the prior art, a large number of temperature and salinity in-situ measurement devices have not been seen in the surface layer of the water body. The significance of the utility model is to obtain a large number of in-situ measurement data of temperature and salinity on the surface layer of the water body. The measurement accuracy is high, the data cost is low, and the data The large amount provides a strong technical basis for calibration and verification. Using this method, the sensors are arranged reasonably, and the parameter acquisition strategy is optimized to obtain the distribution and change law of the surface temperature and salinity of the water body that changes in time series in three-dimensional space.

Claims

Translated fromChinese

1. 表层水体温盐度原位传感测量装置，包括微处理器、地理空间定位模块、电池、通讯模块、传感器数据采集模块、集成电路板、塑料浮体、温度传感器、盐度传感器、橡胶塞，其特征在于：1. Surface water body temperature and salinity in-situ sensing and measuring device, including microprocessor, geospatial positioning module, battery, communication module, sensor data acquisition module, integrated circuit board, plastic floating body, temperature sensor, salinity sensor, rubber plug , characterized by:

所述的塑料浮体作为水面漂浮仪器。The plastic floating body is used as a water surface floating instrument.

2.根据权利要求1所述的一种表层水体温盐度原位传感测量装置，其特征在于所述的地理空间定位模块，可选GPS定位电路模块、北斗定位电路模块、伽利略定位电路模块，用于根据所述微处理器的数据采集指令接收全球定位系统信号，确定当前浮体装置所在的地理空间位置，并输入到微处理器；2. a kind of surface water body temperature salinity in-situ sensing measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described geospatial positioning module, optional GPS positioning circuit module, Beidou positioning circuit module, Galileo positioning circuit module , for receiving the global positioning system signal according to the data acquisition instruction of the microprocessor, determining the geographic space position where the current floating device is located, and inputting it to the microprocessor;

所述通讯模块，可选择无线电通信电路、WIFI通信电路、GPRS通信电路、G通信电路，用于根据微处理器的数据发送指令，将所述水体温度和盐度以及地理空间位置信息通过无线方式传送给地面监测中心；The communication module can select a radio communication circuit, a WIFI communication circuit, a GPRS communication circuit, or a G communication circuit, and is used to send instructions according to the data of the microprocessor, and transmit the temperature and salinity of the water body and the geographical space position information by wireless means. Send to the ground monitoring center;