CN202645526U - Jet flow sand blasting cracking device - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本实用新型公开了一种射流喷砂压裂器，包括具有内腔的本体和安装在所述本体的侧壁中的喷嘴，其特征在于，在所述本体的一端设有与所述内腔连通的单向阀，并且在所述本体的外周上设置有扶正器。根据本实用新型体型提供的射流喷砂压裂器，具有结构简单合理，操作简便，砂卡风险小的特点，能够减少作业时间和成本，有效提高施工成功率。

The utility model discloses a jet sandblasting fracturing device, which comprises a body with an inner cavity and a nozzle installed in the side wall of the body, and is characterized in that one end of the body is provided with a A connected one-way valve, and a centralizer is provided on the outer periphery of the body. The jet sandblasting fracturing device provided according to the body shape of the utility model has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, easy operation, and low risk of sand jam, can reduce operation time and cost, and effectively improve the success rate of construction.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种射流喷砂压裂器A jet sandblasting fracturing device

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于石油天然气开采领域的井下作业技术领域，特别是涉及一种射流喷砂压裂器。The utility model belongs to the technical field of downhole operation in the field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation, in particular to a jet sandblasting fracturing device.

背景技术Background technique

射流喷砂压裂器是一种油气井增产开发作业工具。该工具集水力洗井、射孔、压裂、酸化、反洗井于一体，适用于套管变形井、筛管井、已射孔井、衬管井等复杂的井况。在操作中，利用作业管柱将射流喷砂压裂器下入到指定位置，高压磨料液体经射流喷砂压裂器高速射出，在地层中形成一定形状的孔道；然后向井内泵注高压混砂液体，使得孔道前端产生裂缝。混砂液体充填裂缝间隙，并使其向地层深部扩展延伸。由于混砂液体中的砂粒充填并支撑了地层裂缝，提高了石油储层的渗透率，从而增加油气井产量。该增产过程简单，作业周期短，对油气层伤害小，并且适用于多种井况，因此在油气增产作业中获得了较广泛应用。Jet sandblasting fracturing device is a tool for oil and gas well stimulation and development. This tool integrates hydraulic flushing, perforation, fracturing, acidizing, and backwashing, and is suitable for complex well conditions such as casing deformation wells, screen wells, perforated wells, and liner wells. In operation, the jet sandblasting fracturing device is lowered to the designated position by using the working string, and the high-pressure abrasive liquid is injected at high speed through the jet sandblasting fracturing device to form pores of a certain shape in the formation; then the high-pressure mixed fluid is pumped into the well The sand liquid creates cracks at the front end of the channel. The sand-mixing liquid fills the fracture gap and makes it expand and extend to the deep formation. Because the sand particles in the sand mixing liquid fill and support formation fractures, the permeability of oil reservoirs is improved, thereby increasing the production of oil and gas wells. The stimulation process is simple, the operation period is short, the damage to oil and gas layers is small, and it is applicable to various well conditions, so it has been widely used in oil and gas stimulation operations.

专利申请CN200920079056.5公开了一种井下水力喷射压裂酸化工具管柱。该工具管柱由导向头、筛管、单向阀、下扶正器、喷枪、上扶正器和安全丢手组成，各部分依次连接成整体。当混砂液体中的沙粒受施工影响进入管柱与井筒环形空间中，砂粒便会填埋水力喷射压裂酸化工具管柱，无法上提管柱，造成砂卡管柱。此时需向作业管柱与油井环形空间注入液体清洗砂粒，液体携带沙粒经筛管、单向阀、下扶正器、喷枪内部、上扶正器和安全丢手而进入作业管柱，返出地面。由于该水力喷射压裂酸化工具管柱由7部分组成，工具管柱长，存在清洗不彻底的问题，增加砂卡的风险。当管柱无法提出时，只能通过安全丢手使工具管柱与作业管柱脱离，工具管柱置于井下，严重影响油气井后期生产作业，甚至会导致油气井的报废。Patent application CN200920079056.5 discloses a downhole hydraulic jet fracturing acidizing tool string. The tool string is composed of a guide head, a screen pipe, a one-way valve, a lower centralizer, a spray gun, an upper centralizer and a safety handle, and each part is connected in turn to form a whole. When the sand in the sand-mixing fluid enters into the tubular string and the annular space of the wellbore due to construction, the sand will fill the string of the hydraulic jet fracturing and acidizing tool, making it impossible to lift the string, resulting in sand stuck in the string. At this time, it is necessary to inject liquid into the operation string and the annular space of the oil well to clean the sand particles. The liquid carries the sand particles through the screen, one-way valve, lower centralizer, inside of the spray gun, upper centralizer and safety handle, and then enters the operation string and returns ground. Since the hydraulic jet fracturing and acidizing tool string is composed of 7 parts, the tool string is long, and there is a problem of incomplete cleaning, which increases the risk of sand sticking. When the pipe string cannot be raised, the tool string can only be separated from the operation string by safely throwing away. The tool string is placed downhole, which seriously affects the later production operations of the oil and gas well, and even leads to the scrapping of the oil and gas well.

专利申请CN200810232699.9公开了一种单上封喷砂射孔压裂工艺，该技术可以实现对油气井的酸化压裂改造，压裂管柱包括油管，水力锚，封隔器，水力喷射器，回流保护器。该技术组成部件数量多，管柱长，封隔器和水力锚易于砂卡，使得管柱砂卡风险增加。Patent application CN200810232699.9 discloses a single-seal sandblasting and perforation fracturing process, which can realize acid fracturing reconstruction of oil and gas wells. The fracturing string includes tubing, hydraulic anchors, packers, and hydraulic jets , backflow protector. This technology has a large number of components and a long pipe string, and the packer and hydraulic anchor are prone to sand stuck, which increases the risk of sand stuck in the pipe string.

专利申请CN201020687354.5公开了一种喷砂射孔器，该专利简化了井下喷砂射孔器结构，但该喷砂射孔器没有扶正器，不能保证射孔精度，同时没有反洗通道，很难解决砂卡问题。Patent application CN201020687354.5 discloses a sandblasting perforator. This patent simplifies the structure of the downhole sandblasting perforator. However, the sandblasting perforator does not have a centralizer, so the perforation accuracy cannot be guaranteed. At the same time, there is no backwash channel. It is difficult to solve the sand stuck problem.

现有的射流喷砂压裂器存在着以下缺陷：射流喷砂压裂器的施工管柱的组成部件多，管柱长，导致管柱易于发生砂卡滞留于井中，甚至会导致油气井的报废。另外，射流喷砂压裂器的组成部件多，导致工具成本高。The existing jet sandblasting fracturing device has the following defects: the construction string of the jet sandblasting fracturing device has many components, and the string is long, which makes the string prone to sand stuck in the well, and even leads to failure of the oil and gas well. scrapped. In addition, the jet sandblasting fracturing device has many components, resulting in high tool cost.

实用新型内容Utility model content

针对现有技术的不足，本实用新型提供了一种射流喷砂压裂器，具有结构简单、操作简便、不易砂卡和制造成本低的优点。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a jet sandblasting fracturing device, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, no sand jam and low manufacturing cost.

本实用新型提供了一种射流喷砂压裂器，包括具有内腔的本体和安装在所述本体的侧壁中的喷嘴，在所述本体的一端设有与所述内腔连通的单向阀，并且在所述本体的外周上设置有扶正器。The utility model provides a jet sandblasting fracturing device, which comprises a body with an inner cavity and a nozzle installed in the side wall of the body, and a one-way nozzle communicating with the inner cavity is provided at one end of the body. valve, and a centralizer is provided on the outer periphery of the body.

在上述射流喷砂压裂器中，在所述本体的两端处分别设有一个扶正器。扶正器可以使射流喷砂压裂器在下井及压裂施工过程中保持居中。In the above-mentioned jet sandblasting fracturing device, a centralizer is respectively provided at both ends of the body. The centralizer can keep the jet sandblasting fracturing tool centered during the well running and fracturing operation.

在上述射流喷砂压裂器中，各所述扶正器上设有沿圆周均匀分布的5~7个扶正块。在一个具体的实例中，各所述扶正器上设有6个扶正块。In the above-mentioned jet sandblasting fracturing device, each centralizer is provided with 5 to 7 centralizing blocks evenly distributed along the circumference. In a specific example, each centralizer is provided with 6 centralizing blocks.

在上述射流喷砂压裂器中，所述单向阀包括沿纵向延伸的流通通道和沿侧向延伸的反洗孔，用于实现反洗井操作。在一个具体的实例中，所述单向阀设有2~6个沿圆周均匀分布的反洗孔。In the above-mentioned jet sandblasting fracturing device, the one-way valve includes a flow channel extending longitudinally and a backwashing hole extending laterally for realizing the backwashing operation. In a specific example, the one-way valve is provided with 2 to 6 backwash holes evenly distributed along the circumference.

在上述射流喷砂压裂器中，所述单向阀的下端为倒锥形，用于实现导向功能。In the above-mentioned jet sandblasting fracturing device, the lower end of the one-way valve is in the shape of an inverted cone, which is used to realize the guiding function.

在上述射流喷砂压裂器中，在所述本体的另一端设置有用于与作业管柱相连的接头。In the above jet sandblasting fracturing device, the other end of the body is provided with a joint for connecting with the working string.

根据本实用新型提供的射流喷砂压裂器，其中的单向阀综合单向开启、反洗和导向三种功能，能够引导射流喷砂压裂器顺利下井，能够进行反洗井作业，缩短射流喷砂压裂器长度，降低射流喷砂压裂器使用时的砂卡风险；射流喷砂压裂器本体和扶正器融为一体并进行优化设计，可以起到稳定射流喷砂压裂器和保证射孔质量的作用，并能够进一步缩短射流喷砂压裂器长度。According to the jet sandblasting fracturing device provided by the utility model, the one-way valve in it integrates three functions of one-way opening, backwashing and guiding, and can guide the jet sandblasting fracturing device to go down well smoothly, and can carry out backwashing operation, shortening the The length of the jet blasting fracturing device reduces the risk of sand jams when the jet blasting fracturing device is in use; the body of the jet blasting fracturing device and the centralizer are integrated and optimized to stabilize the jet blasting fracturing device And to ensure the quality of perforation, and can further shorten the length of jet sandblasting fracturing device.

根据本实用新型体型提供的射流喷砂压裂器，具有结构简单合理、操作简便、砂卡风险小的优点，能够减少作业时间和成本，且压裂施工成功后，能够顺利提出压裂管柱，不妨碍油气井后期生产作业，有效提高了施工成功率。The jet sandblasting fracturing device provided according to the body type of the utility model has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, easy operation, and small risk of sand jam, which can reduce operation time and cost, and after the fracturing construction is successful, the fracturing string can be smoothly raised , without hindering the post-production operation of oil and gas wells, effectively improving the success rate of construction.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1显示了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的射流喷砂压裂器结构示意图；Fig. 1 has shown the structural representation of jet sandblasting fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

图2显示了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的射流喷砂压裂器应用时的示意图。Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the application of the jet sandblasting fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

图1显示了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的射流喷砂压裂器结构示意图。该射流喷砂压裂器20包含具有内腔12的本体3和安装在所述本体的侧壁中的喷嘴4，在所述本体3的一端设有与所述内腔连通的单向阀1，在所述本体3的外周上设置有扶正器。所述喷嘴4的个数为6，分两列布置，喷嘴4相位夹角60°。在所述本体3的两端处分别设有一个扶正器，即扶正器5和扶正器2。扶正器5和扶正器2上分别设有沿圆周均匀分布的6个扶正块（图中未示出）。扶正器5和扶正器2可以是在本体3上机械加工而成，也可焊接在本体3上，从而能够缩短射流喷砂压裂器整体长度和降低砂卡风险。所述单向阀1包括沿纵向延伸的流通通道6和沿侧向延伸的反洗孔7，用于进行反洗井操作。所述反洗孔7的个数共4个，沿单向阀1的圆周均匀分布。所述单向阀1的下端为倒锥形。所述单向阀1内还具有实现单向密封功能的阀球8。所述本体3的另一端设置有用于与作业管柱相连的接头9。Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a jet sandblasting fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The jetsandblasting fracturing device 20 includes abody 3 with aninner cavity 12 and a nozzle 4 installed in the side wall of the body, and a one-way valve 1 communicating with the inner cavity is provided at one end of thebody 3 , a centralizer is provided on the outer periphery of thebody 3 . The number of the nozzles 4 is 6, arranged in two rows, and the phase angle of the nozzles 4 is 60°. A centralizer, that is, a centralizer 5 and a centralizer 2 is provided at both ends of thebody 3 . The centralizer 5 and the centralizer 2 are respectively provided with 6 centralizing blocks (not shown in the figure) uniformly distributed along the circumference. The centralizer 5 and the centralizer 2 can be machined on thebody 3, or can be welded on thebody 3, so that the overall length of the jet sandblasting fracturing device can be shortened and the risk of sand jams can be reduced. The one-way valve 1 includes aflow channel 6 extending longitudinally and abackwash hole 7 extending laterally for backwashing well operation. There are fourbackwash holes 7 in total, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the one-way valve 1 . The lower end of the one-way valve 1 is an inverted cone. The one-way valve 1 also has avalve ball 8 to realize the one-way sealing function. The other end of thebody 3 is provided with a joint 9 for connecting with a working string.

图2显示了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的射流喷砂压裂器应用时的示意图。所述射流喷砂压裂器20通过位于其上的上接头9与管柱10连接。通过管柱10将射流喷砂压裂器20沿着井筒11下入井中。在下入过程中，单向阀1的倒锥形下端起到导向作用，能够使射流喷砂压裂器20顺利入井。射流喷砂压裂器20下入到指定位置后，从地面注入的高压混砂液体通过作业管柱10，流至射流喷砂压裂器本体3的内腔12。由于单向阀1内的阀球8的单向密封作用，高压混砂液体只能经过喷嘴4增速而射出。混砂液体射入地层裂缝中，充填裂缝间隙并使裂缝向远端延伸，达到有效提高储层产量目的。Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the application of the jet sandblasting fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The jetsandblasting fracturing device 20 is connected with thepipe string 10 through the upper joint 9 thereon. A jetblasting fracturing device 20 is lowered into the well along thewellbore 11 through thetubing string 10 . During the running process, the inverted tapered lower end of the one-way valve 1 plays a guiding role, enabling the jetsandblasting fracturing device 20 to enter the well smoothly. After the jetsandblasting fracturing device 20 is lowered to the designated position, the high-pressure sand mixing liquid injected from the ground passes through the workingstring 10 and flows to theinner cavity 12 of the jet sandblastingfracturing device body 3 . Due to the one-way sealing effect of thevalve ball 8 in the one-way valve 1, the high-pressure sand-mixing liquid can only be injected through the nozzle 4 at an increased speed. The sand-mixing liquid is injected into the formation fractures, filling the fracture gaps and extending the fractures to the far end, so as to effectively increase the production of the reservoir.

当混砂液体中的部分砂粒受施工影响进入作业管柱10与井筒11的环形空间，此时会向环形空间注入液体，在液体作用下，单向阀1中的阀球8将敞开，液体将携带砂粒经侧向反洗孔7和单向阀通道6进入射流喷砂压裂器本体3的内腔12和作业管柱10内腔，返出地面，从而解决砂卡问题。When part of the sand in the sand mixing liquid enters the annular space between the workingstring 10 and thewellbore 11 due to construction, liquid will be injected into the annular space. Under the action of the liquid, thevalve ball 8 in the one-way valve 1 will open, and the liquid will The carried sand enters theinner cavity 12 of the jet sandblastingfracturing device body 3 and the inner cavity of the workingstring 10 through theside backwash hole 7 and the one-way valve channel 6, and returns to the ground, thereby solving the sand jam problem.

以上所述仅为本实用新型的优选实施方式，但本实用新型保护范围并不局限于此，任何本领域的技术人员在本实用新型公开的技术范围内，可很容易地进行改变或变化，而这种改变或变化都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此，本实用新型的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily change or change within the technical scope disclosed in the utility model, And such changes or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种射流喷砂压裂器，包括具有内腔的本体和安装在所述本体的侧壁中的喷嘴，其特征在于，在所述本体的一端设有与所述内腔连通的单向阀，并且在所述本体的外周上设置有扶正器。1. A jet sandblasting fracturing device, comprising a body with an inner cavity and a nozzle installed in the side wall of the body, characterized in that, one end of the body is provided with a single nozzle communicating with the inner cavity to the valve, and a centralizer is provided on the outer periphery of the body.2.根据权利要求1所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，在所述本体的两端处分别设有一个扶正器。2. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein a centralizer is respectively provided at both ends of the body.3.根据权利要求1或2所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，各所述扶正器上设有沿圆周均匀分布的5~7个扶正块。3. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, each centralizer is provided with 5 to 7 centralizing blocks evenly distributed along the circumference.4.根据权利要求3所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，各所述扶正器上设有6个扶正块。4. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, each centralizer is provided with 6 centralizing blocks.5.根据权利要求1或2所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，所述单向阀包括沿纵向延伸的流通通道和沿侧向延伸的反洗孔。5. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one-way valve comprises a flow channel extending longitudinally and a backwash hole extending laterally.6.根据权利要求5所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，所述单向阀设有2~6个沿圆周均匀分布的反洗孔。6. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 5, wherein the one-way valve is provided with 2 to 6 backwash holes evenly distributed along the circumference.7.根据权利要求1或2所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，所述单向阀的下端为倒锥形。7. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the lower end of the one-way valve is in the shape of an inverted cone.8.根据权利要求1或2所述的射流喷砂压裂器，其特征在于，在所述本体的另一端设置有用于与作业管柱相连的接头。8. The jet sandblasting fracturing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a joint for connecting with a working string is provided at the other end of the body.

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