CN202558749U - Improved device for sludge pyrolysis treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本实用新型具体涉及一种污泥热解处理的改良装置。现有污泥热解装置前期脱水率低、造价高、投资运营和耗能较大。本实用新型包括带式压滤机、螺旋输送机、干燥鼓、热解鼓、燃烧室、余热锅炉和尾气处理装置。污泥通过带式压滤机脱水，经过螺旋输送机送至干燥鼓干燥，含水率下降后进入热解鼓热解，热解生成的油、气燃烧产生高温烟气进入余热锅炉，产生饱和蒸汽，该蒸汽送往干燥鼓干燥含水污泥，蒸汽通过干燥鼓后冷凝，冷凝水送出渣管对高温残渣进行冷却后返回余热锅炉循环利用；余热锅炉产生的废气通过尾气处理装置处理后达标排放。本实用新型采用的带式压滤脱水设备不增加药剂成本可将污泥含水率降至65～70%。具有节能降耗的优点。

The utility model specifically relates to an improved device for sludge pyrolysis treatment. The existing sludge pyrolysis device has low dehydration rate in the early stage, high cost, large investment and operation and energy consumption. The utility model comprises a belt filter press, a screw conveyor, a drying drum, a pyrolysis drum, a combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler and a tail gas treatment device. The sludge is dehydrated through the belt filter press, and sent to the drying drum by the screw conveyor for drying. After the moisture content drops, it enters the pyrolysis drum for pyrolysis. The oil and gas generated by pyrolysis are burned to produce high-temperature flue gas, which enters the waste heat boiler to generate saturated steam. , the steam is sent to the drying drum to dry the water-containing sludge, the steam is condensed after passing through the drying drum, the condensed water is sent to the slag pipe to cool the high-temperature residue, and then returns to the waste heat boiler for recycling; the waste gas generated by the waste heat boiler is treated by the tail gas treatment device and then discharged up to standard. The belt-type filter press dehydration equipment adopted in the utility model can reduce the water content of the sludge to 65-70% without increasing the cost of chemicals. It has the advantages of saving energy and reducing consumption.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种污泥热解处理的改良装置An improved device for sludge pyrolysis treatment

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属能源环保技术领域，具体涉及一种污泥热解处理的改良装置。The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy and environmental protection, in particular to an improved device for sludge pyrolysis treatment.

背景技术Background technique

在城市污水处理厂中，污水经过微生物处理得以达标排放，而污水中原本含有的大量有机污染物被富集、浓缩进而形成污泥。污泥是一种性质复杂、污染物含量高、潜在环境风险巨大的污染物，是污水处理过程形成的最主要的潜在二次污染源，对它的处理必须实现污染物的减量化、稳定化和无害化。在此基础上再进一步考虑资源化的可能性，降低污泥处理的成本。污泥中大量的微生物菌体和有机胶体物质，导致污泥黏度大，机械脱水困难。城市污泥因含有大量有机物质而具有较高的热值，热值是城市污泥最有价值也是惟一可被资源化利用的部分，它与有机物质的含量成正相关关系。污泥热值是否具有可利用价值决定于污泥的含水率，只有当污泥含水率至少降至30％以下时，污泥的热值才具有利用价值。一般污水处理厂采用机械脱水的方法通常只能将含水率降低到80%左右。从污水处理厂排出的污泥，每100吨中含有80吨水，大量的水为污泥的后续处理带来重重困难。污泥脱水是整个污泥处理工艺的一个重要环节,其目的是使固体富集,减少污泥体积,为污泥最终处置创造条件。In urban sewage treatment plants, sewage is discharged up to standard after microbial treatment, and a large number of organic pollutants originally contained in sewage are enriched and concentrated to form sludge. Sludge is a pollutant with complex nature, high pollutant content and huge potential environmental risk. It is the most important potential secondary pollution source formed in the sewage treatment process. Its treatment must realize the reduction and stabilization of pollutants and harmless. On this basis, further consider the possibility of resource utilization and reduce the cost of sludge treatment. A large number of microbial cells and organic colloidal substances in the sludge lead to high sludge viscosity and difficult mechanical dehydration. Municipal sludge has a high calorific value because it contains a large amount of organic matter. The calorific value is the most valuable and only part of municipal sludge that can be used as a resource. It is positively correlated with the content of organic matter. Whether the calorific value of sludge has usable value depends on the water content of sludge. Only when the water content of sludge drops to at least 30%, the calorific value of sludge has usable value. Generally, the mechanical dehydration method used by sewage treatment plants can usually only reduce the water content to about 80%. The sludge discharged from the sewage treatment plant contains 80 tons of water per 100 tons, and a large amount of water brings many difficulties to the subsequent treatment of the sludge. Sludge dewatering is an important part of the whole sludge treatment process, and its purpose is to enrich solids, reduce sludge volume, and create conditions for final disposal of sludge.

污泥的处理处置先后经过了海洋投弃、土地填埋、堆肥化、干燥、焚烧和热解等多种处理方法，逐步走向成熟。污泥热解作为污泥处置领域的最有前途的新技术，在许多国家已有工程应用。污泥热解技术具有不产生二噁英、固化重金属、高能量利用率和低能量损失等特点，是当之无愧的节能环保技术。污泥热解工艺分为3个步骤，分别是：干化、热解和气体净化。其中干化是要去除水分，将污泥含水率降至10%以下，但是干化过程需要消耗大量的能量，是主要的能量消耗单元，此部分能量一般来自污泥热解产生的可燃气和生物油的燃烧或者辅助能源的补给。蒸发1t常温水至100℃,所需的能量大约为62万大卡，相当于燃烧88公斤标煤。干化后污泥含水率的高低直接影响着热解系统设备的造价和耗能，进入干化系统的污泥含水率越低，整套系统耗能越低、造价越省，最终大大缩减热解体系的投资运营费用。The treatment and disposal of sludge has gone through various treatment methods such as ocean disposal, landfill, composting, drying, incineration and pyrolysis, and has gradually matured. As the most promising new technology in the field of sludge disposal, sludge pyrolysis has been applied in many countries. Sludge pyrolysis technology has the characteristics of no dioxin, solidified heavy metals, high energy utilization rate and low energy loss, and is a well-deserved energy-saving and environmental protection technology. The sludge pyrolysis process is divided into three steps, namely: drying, pyrolysis and gas purification. Among them, drying is to remove water and reduce the moisture content of sludge to less than 10%. However, the drying process requires a lot of energy and is the main energy consumption unit. This part of energy generally comes from the combustible gas and sludge produced by sludge pyrolysis. Combustion of bio-oil or supplementary energy supply. The energy required to evaporate 1 ton of normal temperature water to 100°C is about 620,000 kcal, which is equivalent to burning 88 kg of standard coal. The moisture content of the sludge after drying directly affects the cost and energy consumption of the pyrolysis system equipment. The lower the moisture content of the sludge entering the drying system, the lower the energy consumption of the whole system and the lower the cost, which ultimately greatly reduces the pyrolysis system. System investment and operating costs.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种污泥热解处理的改良装置Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an improved device for sludge pyrolysis treatment

本实用新型解决技术问题所采取的技术方案为：The technical scheme that the utility model solves the technical problem that takes is:

一种污泥热解处理的改良装置包括带式压滤机、螺旋输送机、干燥鼓、热解鼓、燃烧室、余热锅炉和尾气处理装置。An improved device for sludge pyrolysis treatment includes a belt filter press, a screw conveyor, a drying drum, a pyrolysis drum, a combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler and a tail gas treatment device.

污水处理厂污泥通过带式压滤机机械脱水，经过螺旋输送机送至干燥鼓进行干燥，含水率下降后进入热解鼓进行热解，热解产生的油、气在燃烧室燃烧，燃烧室产生的高温烟气进入余热锅炉，产生饱和蒸汽，该蒸汽送往干燥鼓用于干燥含水污泥，蒸汽通过干燥鼓后冷凝，冷凝水送出渣管对高温残渣进行冷却后返回余热锅炉循环利用；余热锅炉产生的废气通过尾气处理装置完成烟气的冷却、脱酸和除尘过程后达标排放。Sludge from the sewage treatment plant is mechanically dehydrated by a belt filter press, and sent to a drying drum by a screw conveyor for drying. After the moisture content drops, it enters the pyrolysis drum for pyrolysis. The oil and gas produced by pyrolysis are burned in the combustion chamber. The high-temperature flue gas generated in the chamber enters the waste heat boiler to generate saturated steam, which is sent to the drying drum to dry the water-containing sludge. The steam is condensed after passing through the drying drum, and the condensed water is sent to the slag pipe to cool the high-temperature residue and then returns to the waste heat boiler for recycling. ; The exhaust gas produced by the waste heat boiler is discharged up to the standard after completing the cooling, deacidification and dust removal process of the flue gas through the tail gas treatment device.

所述的尾气处理装置包括烟气脱硫塔和袋式除尘器。The tail gas treatment device includes a flue gas desulfurization tower and a bag filter.

所述的带式压滤机采用一个低压，三个高压模块配置，可实现强力带式污泥深度脱水，能将污泥含水率降至65～70%。The belt filter press is configured with one low-pressure and three high-pressure modules, which can realize powerful belt-type deep dewatering of sludge, and can reduce the moisture content of sludge to 65-70%.

本实用新型的有益效果为：节约投资运营费用和能耗。污泥含水率的高低和热值大小是影响污泥热解设备投资造价和辅助能耗大小的关键因素。一般污水处理厂采用普通机械脱水的方法通常只能将含水率降低到80%左右，本实用新型通过对脱水设备的改造，采用新型的带式压滤脱水设备，在不增加药剂成本就可将污泥含水率降至65～70%，该部分污泥随后可进入污泥干化装置干化。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: saving investment and operation costs and energy consumption. The moisture content and calorific value of sludge are the key factors affecting the investment cost and auxiliary energy consumption of sludge pyrolysis equipment. The general mechanical dehydration method used in general sewage treatment plants can only reduce the water content to about 80%. The utility model adopts a new type of belt filter dehydration equipment through the transformation of the dehydration equipment, which can reduce the water content without increasing the cost of chemicals. The moisture content of the sludge is reduced to 65-70%, and this part of the sludge can then enter the sludge drying device for drying.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了进一步了解本实用新型，结合实例对本实用新型实施方案进行描述。In order to further understand the utility model, the implementation of the utility model is described in conjunction with examples.

如图1所示，该装置包括带式压滤机1、螺旋输送机2、干燥鼓3、热解鼓4、燃烧室5、余热锅炉6和尾气处理装置7。尾气处理装置7包括烟气脱硫塔和袋式除尘器。As shown in FIG. 1 , the device includes a belt filter press 1 , ascrew conveyor 2 , adrying drum 3 , apyrolysis drum 4 , acombustion chamber 5 , awaste heat boiler 6 and a tailgas treatment device 7 . The tailgas treatment device 7 includes a flue gas desulfurization tower and a bag filter.

污水处理厂污泥通过新型的带式压滤机1在不增加药剂成本的情况下将污泥含水率降至65～70%，经过螺旋输送机2送至干燥鼓3进行干燥1～2h，当含水率降至10%以下后进入热解鼓4进行热解，热解产生的油、气在燃烧室5燃烧，燃烧室5产生的高温烟气进入余热锅炉6，产生温度大于150℃以上饱和蒸汽，该蒸汽送往干燥鼓3用于干燥含水污泥，蒸汽通过干燥鼓3后冷凝，冷凝水送出渣管对高温残渣进行冷却，然后被加热的冷凝水后返回余热锅炉6循环利用；余热锅炉产生的废气可通过尾气处理装置7完成烟气的冷却、脱酸和除尘过程后达标排放。The sludge from the sewage treatment plant is passed through the new belt filter press 1 to reduce the moisture content of the sludge to 65-70% without increasing the cost of chemicals, and is sent to the dryingdrum 3 by thescrew conveyor 2 for drying for 1-2 hours. When the water content drops below 10%, it enters thepyrolysis drum 4 for pyrolysis, and the oil and gas produced by pyrolysis are burned in thecombustion chamber 5, and the high-temperature flue gas generated in thecombustion chamber 5 enters thewaste heat boiler 6, and the generated temperature is higher than 150°C Saturated steam, the steam is sent to thedrying drum 3 for drying the water-containing sludge, the steam is condensed after passing through thedrying drum 3, the condensed water is sent out to the slag pipe to cool the high-temperature residue, and then the heated condensed water is returned to thewaste heat boiler 6 for recycling; The exhaust gas produced by the waste heat boiler can be discharged up to the standard after completing the cooling, deacidification and dust removal processes of the flue gas through the tailgas treatment device 7 .

本实施例的装置经过核算，相对于一般干化热解（污泥含水率80%+干化+热解）工艺，可使干化热解设备造价节省10～15%，辅助能源可节约5%左右，整体可以节能15～20%（以100吨/天的污泥处理量为例）。After calculation, the device in this embodiment can save 10-15% of the cost of dry pyrolysis equipment and 5% of auxiliary energy compared with the general dry pyrolysis (sludge moisture content 80%+drying+pyrolysis) process. %, the overall energy saving can be 15-20% (take the sludge treatment capacity of 100 tons/day as an example).

Claims (1)

1. the improved device that pyrolyzing sludge is handled comprises belt filter press (1), worm conveyor (2), drying drum (3), pyrolysis drum (4), combustion chamber (5), waste heat boiler (6) and exhaust gas processing device (7), it is characterized in that:

Sludge of sewage treatment plant is through belt filter press (1) mechanical dehydration; Deliver to drying drum (3) through worm conveyor (2) and carry out drying; Get into pyrolysis drum (4) after water ratio descends and carry out pyrolysis, the oil that pyrolysis produces, gas is (5) burning in the combustion chamber, and the high-temperature flue gas of combustion chamber (5) generation gets into waste heat boiler (6); Produce saturation steam; This steam is sent to drying drum (3) and is used for dry water-containing sludge, and steam returns waste heat boiler (6) recycle through drying drum (3) back condensation after water of condensation send residue outlet that hot-engine sludge is cooled off; The waste gas that waste heat boiler produces is accomplished qualified discharge behind cooling, depickling and the dust removal process of flue gas through exhaust gas processing device (7);

Described exhaust gas processing device (7) comprises fume desulfurizing tower and sack cleaner, and described belt filter press (1) adopts a low pressure, and three high-pressure modular configurations can realize powerful belt deeply dehydrating sludge, can moisture percentage in sewage sludge be reduced to 65～70%.

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