CN202188668U - Heat absorption, storage and transfer integrated device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat absorption, storage and transfer integrated device, which mainly comprises a tank body (1), a heat absorption structure (2) on the tank body (1), a heat preservation structure (3) outside the tank body (1), heat storage media in the tank body (1) and a heat transfer structure (4) arranged in the heat storage media. The tank body (1) is arranged at the position close to a focal line or a focal point of a solar focusing system. The heat absorption structure (2) is directly arranged on all the surface or partial surface of the tank body and used for converting received sunlight into heat and transmitting the heat to the heat storage media in the tank body. The heat transfer structure (4) carries out transmission adjustment on heat in the integrated device through heat transfer media flowing in the heat transfer structure. The heat absorption, storage and transfer integrated device reduces arrangement of complex pipelines and management of a heat transfer system, is simple to manufacture, and has higher reliability and lower construction cost compared with a conventional system.

Description

A kind of heat absorption, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of heat absorption, heat accumulation, the heat-exchange integrated device of field of solar energy.

Background technology

Along with renewable energy utilizations such as solar energy are flourish in the whole world, solar energy heat build-up generating (CSP) progressively is familiar with by people and is paid attention to, and in the CSP system, heat absorption heat transfer, heat accumulation and heat exchanging part have important status.

The heat transferring medium of the thermal-collecting tube technology of solar energy, main at present employing conduction oil is a heat-transfer working medium, drives the generating set generating through the conventional steam turbine of conduction oil heat exchange rear drive.Because present conduction oil operating temperature must be controlled in 400 ℃, exceed this temperature and will cause problems such as conduction oil cracking, therefore limited the operating temperature of solar energy heat build-up generating.The substitute of the heat transferring medium of present international solar energy heating technology has the molten salts material; Though its anti-decomposition temperature higher (generally surpassing 500 degree), its crystalline temperature is higher, mostly about 2 30 to 260 ℃; Operational management requires very high, and night, the loss of pipeline heat insulation cycle heat radiation was very big simultaneously.Current fuse salt also is mainly used in hot energy storage, adopts cold and hot jar conversion or single jar of mesolimnion mode access heat, pipeline, pump valve is required very tight, and cost is higher.Water has directly been tested for many years as live (open) steam generation (DSG) technology of heat transferring medium; This technology and the steam boiler pipeline operation logic that is heated is similar; With water is working medium, and water at low temperature self-priming pipe line one end is injected, and water absorbs heat in the axial traveling process along pipeline and heats up gradually; Become saturated vapor after reaching boiling point, continue heat absorption again and become superheated steam.Because when boiling state labile takes place in water in heat pipe, exist two phase flow to transmit and pressure for vaporization problem such as inhomogeneous in thermal-collecting tube, for example water hammer, vibration, piping material fatigue rupture phenomenon take place.

In the existing storage of solar energy technology, report is arranged or used multiple heat-storage medium.In recent years have to be reported in and obtain in the laboratory to make the composite phase-change material (shaping phase-change material) that matrix supports with certain material; In order to store heat, but there is the low shortcoming of thermal conductivity factor in it, and phase-change material undergoes phase transition in the heat accumulation process; Because the hidden danger of revealing takes place in the variation of volume easily.Solid-state heat accumulation scheme has concrete, cobblestone heat accumulation etc., and at inside concrete pouring heat exchanging pipe, cost is higher, and the coefficient of heat transfer is very low or the like; The sandstone heat accumulation, though low price, thermal conductivity is low, the heat exchange difficulty, the self-supporting of can not finalizing the design, influence is used; And existing solid heat accumulation scheme is that heat exchange pipeline is arranged in solid heat accumulating inside; The heat transmission is accomplished in the heat conduction between solid through pipeline or fin surface and heat accumulating surface and solid, because mostly the contact between the solid is incomplete contact, and the heat conductivility of solid heat accumulating own is bad; Moreover the heat transfer area between the solid is limited; Cause overall heat transfer efficiency low, thereby be difficult to satisfy the input power requirement of store heat, more susceptible condition is that the heat of heat transfer medium is not released to before the solid heat reservoir fully; Just flow out, can't accomplish function satisfactorily by power demand to solid heat reservoir heat accumulation from the solid heat reservoir.

Water has directly been tested for many years as live (open) steam generation (DSG) technology of heat transferring medium; Because state labile when boiling takes place in heat pipe water; There is two phase flow transmission and pressure for vaporization problem such as inhomogeneous in thermal-collecting tube, for example water hammer, vibration, piping material fatigue rupture phenomenon take place; Use conduction oil, fused salt technology heat accumulation that the shortcoming of self is also arranged in the industry; And common solid heat accumulation scheme also has capacity of heat transmission difference or the like defective, still rests on experimental stage.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problems referred to above that exist in the above prior art; A kind of multi-field heat absorption, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device of can be applicable to is provided; Possess heat absorption, heat accumulation and heat exchange function simultaneously, be particularly suitable for being applied in the Solar Energy Heat Utilization System.

The utility model provides a kind of heat absorption, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device; Mainly comprise the heat exchange structure of arranging in heat-storage medium that heat-absorbing structure (2) on tank body (1), the tank body (1), tank body (1) outside insulation construction (3), tank body (1) are inner and the heat-storage medium (4); Said tank body (1) is positioned near position focal line or the focus of solar concentrating system, and said heat-absorbing structure (2) directly is arranged in all or part of tank surface, the sunshine that receives is changed into the heat-storage medium that is passed to tank interior behind the heat; Said heat exchange structure (4) transmits adjusting through the inner heat transferring medium of flowing through to the heat of integrated apparatus inside.

Further, said heat-absorbing structure is high-absorbility, low emissivity coatings, and the sunshine that receives is changed into heat, reduces the radiation to the heat of outside simultaneously.

Further, said heat-absorbing structure is the cavity heat-absorbing structure, and the cavity inside sensitive surface has high-absorbility low-launch-rate heat absorbing coating.

Further, the disposed outside of said heat-absorbing structure has auxiliary concentrator, after near sunshine of failing direct incident receive window is further reflected, gets into the receive window of heat-absorbing structure.

Further, said auxiliary concentrator is a bascule, and when non-absorption duty, movable receive window of closing heat-absorbing structure reduces heat from receive window outside radiation and convection losses.

Further, said tank body outer surface scribbles low emissivity coatings, to reduce the radiation to the heat of outside.

Further, the insulation construction of said tank body disposed outside is a vacuum insulation structure, reduces thermal loss.

Preferably, said vacuum insulation structure internal placement multilayer insulation screen reduces thermal exposure.

Further, said heat-storage medium is the heat accumulation functional material that has the phase-change material of phase transformation in the specific range of temperatures or have chemical energy, and this heat accumulating position relative fixed does not move with flowing of heat transfer medium.

Further, said phase-change material is metal, inorganic salts; Said inorganic salts are simple substance or salt-mixtures or salt-mixture separately each other such as nitrate, carbonate, chlorate, utilize the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material to carry out heat accumulation and release heat.

Preferably; The phase transformation temperature points of said phase-change material is higher than the required vapo(u)rous temperature spot of system's heat utilization; The required vapo(u)rous temperature that for example 4MPa pressure is corresponding down is 250 ℃; Have 308 ℃ phase transition temperature under the phase-change material atmospheric pressure of selecting for use, thereby guarantee that institute's heat accumulation can be able to provide the water-steam phase transforming heat of sufficient temp quality.

Further, said nitrate is sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and/or its mixture.

Further, said heat-storage medium is solid heat accumulation piece, for example solid material such as magnesia carbon brick, lithotome; Said heat exchange structure is arranged in the middle of the solid heat accumulation piece through motlten metal.

Further, said integrated apparatus is made up of two or more integrated apparatus unit combination.

Further, said heat-storage medium comprises two kinds at least, and wherein a kind of heat of transformation of matter utilization solid-liquid state conversion is carried out heat accumulation, and the sensible heat of another kind of matter utilization liquid condition carries out heat accumulation and utilizes the strong convection characteristic of its liquid condition to carry out heat exchange.

Further, said heat-absorbing structure is positioned at the tank body bottom, heats from the heat accumulating below behind the absorption heat, makes liquid heat accumulating in tank body, form free convection, in order to heat absorption and transmission.

Further, said heat exchange structure comprises heat exchange pipeline and the outside metal fin of heat exchange pipeline, to improve the exchange capability of heat of heat exchange structure.

Further, the heat transfer medium in the said heat exchange structure is conduction oil or water or gas, and gas for example is air, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen etc.

Further, the inner stirring system of said integrated apparatus set inside; For example mechanical agitator or gas circulation device.

Further, said integrated apparatus is formed by two or more integrated apparatus unit combination, and adjacent cells is interconnected by the heat exchange pipeline of heat exchanger, and the junction is incubated processing.

Further, said integrated apparatus comprises prime low-temperature zone integrated apparatus and back level high temperature section integrated apparatus, and is furnished with different heat-storage mediums in the integrated apparatus at different levels, accomplishes generation and saturated vapor overheated of saturated vapor respectively.

Further, said integrated apparatus is applied to array Fresnel solar thermal utilization field.

Further, said a plurality of tower integrated apparatus arranged in arrays is in the solar energy mirror field; Comprise tower integrated apparatus of prime low temperature and the tower integrated apparatus of back level high temperature, and prime is accomplished the generation of saturated vapor and the superheating process of saturated vapor with back level series connection.

Further, said integrated apparatus is applied to tower or dish formula solar thermal utilization field.

The utlity model has prior art has the following advantages: 1, heat absorption, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device, simplified hot biography system, and reduced the heat transfer tube road in a large number, cost is low; 2, adopt the fuse salt phase-change thermal storage; Its heat storage capacity is strong, and temperature parameter is high, and the required pressure-bearing of integrated apparatus is little, and required on the whole cost is lower; And fuse salt does not spatially move in heat accumulation or heat transfer process basically or amount of movement is less, and potential threat is less; 4, heat exchange structure comprises linearity or spirals to run through and is arranged in integral structure internal heat exchange tubes road and is arranged in the outside metal fin of heat exchange pipeline, under the free convection of fuse salt drives, has good heat exchange property; 5, the vacuum heat-insulation of integrated apparatus structural outer layout and multilayer insulation screen arrangement reduce the loss of heat; 6, the heat-absorbing structure disposed outside has auxiliary concentrator, can with not directly the sunshine of incident heat collector be incident to the heat collector window once more; And auxiliary concentrator changes auxiliary concentrator position shape body when the heat-absorbing structure off working state, the heat-absorbing structure receive window is closed, and reduces the thermal loss of integrated apparatus; 7, whole integrated apparatus receives bracing frame made fixing, and relative position immobilizes, and can overcome water hammer, vibration problems that the inner biphase gas and liquid flow of heat exchanger causes well; 8, overall structure is simple, and required pipeline is less, and is cheap for manufacturing cost, is fit to large-scale production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is linearity heat absorption, heat accumulation, the heat-exchange integrated device overall structure sketch map of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the integrated apparatus cellular construction sketch map of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the integrated apparatus structural section sketch map of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the heat-absorbing structure sketch map of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a structural representation under the off working state of heat-absorbing structure of the utility model;

Fig. 6 is the heat exchange structure sketch map of the utility model;

Fig. 7 is that the heat-storage medium of the utility model is the integrated apparatus example structure sketch map of solid heat accumulation piece;

Fig. 8 is that the heat-storage medium of the utility model is the integrated apparatus example structure sketch map of two kinds of different materials;

Fig. 9 is the vacuum insulation structure sketch map of the utility model;

Figure 10 is tower column thermal-arrest, heat accumulation, the heat-exchange integrated device overall structure sketch map of the utility model.

With reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiments of the utility model is carried out detailed explanation.

Fig. 1 is linearity heat absorption, heat accumulation, the heat-exchange integrated device overall structure sketch map of the utility model; As shown in Figure 1, heat absorption, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device mainly comprise the heat exchange structure of arranging in heat-storage medium that theoutside insulation construction 3 of the heat-absorbingstructure 2,tank body 1 ontank body 1,tank body 1 surface,tank body 1 are inner and the heat-storage medium 4; This heat-absorbingstructure 2 directly is arranged in certain part of tank surface, and certain part that is shown as tank body among the figure concaves, and forms cavity, and cavity inside has heat absorbing coating; This heat absorbing coating will receive the sunshine (the integrated apparatus integral position is fixed, andspeculum 15 is followed the tracks of sunshine around the axle rotation of self) of fresnel reflectingmirror 15 reflection, change into heat after, be passed to the heat-storage medium oftank body 1 internal placement throughtank body 1; Said heat-storage medium stores or release heat through sensible heat, the heat of transformation, chemical energyheat.Tank body 1 itself need not bear from the extra pressure of interior reservoir thermal medium except that receiving the gravity abutment pressure, and the outer setting ofwhole tank body 1 has low emissivity coatings, to reduce the loss that heat-storage medium passes through the heat oftank body 1 in environment; Further, also compriseheat exchange structure 4 in this integrated apparatus, thisheat exchange structure 4 is arranged in the inner heat-storage medium oftank body 1, and its inner heat transferring medium transmits adjusting to the heat of integrated apparatus inside through flowing through; Further, the inner stirring system of said integrated apparatus set inside.Further, the inner stirring system of said integrated apparatus is mechanical agitator or nitrogen circulation device.The length of every row integrated apparatus can be 300-1000m; Integrated apparatus is made up of a plurality of integrated apparatus unit; Comprise airtight heat accumulation space; A plurality of integrated units are formed by continuousheat exchange structure 4 series connection, for example integratedapparatus unit 101 and integrated apparatus unit 102 arranged in series, sunshine that itscorresponding speculum 15 that receives arranged in series reflects; Moreover the different inner heat-storage mediums of position integrated device unit can be set to difference; Be used separately as different purposes, for example the prime integrated apparatus produces in order to saturated vapor, and back level integrated apparatus is in order to the generation of superheated steam.It is high that this integrated apparatus has solved the heat-storage medium cost well, and the heat accumulation operation is complicated; Need not the vacuum insulation structure that the outside glass-to-metal sealing of thermal-collecting tube forms, reduce the thermal-collecting tube manufacturing cost greatly, need not the heat-conducting medium of thermal-collecting tube, reduce operating cost; Steam heat-exchanging directly is embedded in the heat-storage medium, is heated evenly, can overcome general DSG system heat exchange water hammer vibration problem, reduces heat exchange operating cost; Reduce the construction land area, improve the utilization of area rate.

Fig. 2 is the integrated apparatus cellular construction sketch map of the utility model; As shown in Figure 2, the integrated apparatus unit comprisestank body 1, is arranged in the heat-absorbingstructure 2 oftank body 1 bottom, thevacuum insulation structure 3 of heataccumulation tank body 1 outside, theheat exchange structure 4 oftank body 1 internal placement; Fill heat-storage medium inheat exchange structure 4 and thetank body 1 formedspace.Tank body 1 inner heat-storage medium can be solid heat accumulation piece, conduction oil; This solid heat accumulation piece is magnesia carbon brick, lithotome; Heat-storage medium also can be phase-change material that has phase transformation in the specific range of temperatures or the heat accumulation functional material with chemical energy; This heat accumulating position relative fixed; Only can or not move because external disturbance or temperature contrast form internal convection with flowing of heat transfer medium.Further, said phase-change material is metal, inorganic salts; Said inorganic salts are simple substance or salt-mixtures or salt-mixture separately each other such as nitrate, carbonate, chlorate, utilize the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material to carry out heat accumulation and release heat; Selected phase transformation temperature points is higher than the required vapo(u)rous temperature spot of system's heat utilization; Like the sodium nitrate phase transformation temperature points is 308 ℃; And be higher than 250 ℃ of steam-laden temperature corresponding under the 4MPa pressure, can guarantee that like this institute's heat accumulation can be able to provide the water-steam phase transforming heat of sufficient temp quality.Further, said inorganic salts are nitrate, chlorate, carbonate; Further, said nitrate is sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate.Preferably, heat-storage medium inner distribute graphite block, graphite powder or metallic fiber etc. with the enhance heat transfer heat exchange property, prevent overheated, surfusion, and can reduce heat-storage medium cost etc. scatteredly; Further, said heat-absorbing structure is positioned at the tank body bottom, heats from the heat accumulating below behind the absorption heat, makes liquid heat accumulating in tank body, form free convection, in order to heat absorption andtransmission.Tank body 1 disposed outside has theinsulation construction 3 of vacuum, reduces inner high temperature convection heat losses; Andinsulation construction 3 internal placement in vacuum have the multilayer insulation screen, reduce the high temperature heat radiation amount.Preferably,vacuum insulation structure 3 can constitute by being arranged intank body 1 outside glass bushing, with simplified structure, improves sealing reliability; Preferably,vacuum insulation structure 3 is made up of metal structure, has enough mechanical strengths, and thisinsulation construction 3 surrounds most of tank body, only reserves absorbing window.Heat-absorbingstructure 2 is a cavity structure, is positioned at the bottom oftank body 1;Heat exchange structure 4 comprises that the metal fin of heat exchange pipeline and heat exchange pipeline outside is to increase the heat exchange cross section between heat-storage medium and theheat exchange structure 4; Heat transferring mediumheat exchange structure 4 inside of flowing through, the heat delivery system of the inside of system is outside, and heat transferring medium is optimized for conduction oil or water or gas.Fig. 3 is the integrated apparatus structural section sketch map of the utility model, has illustrated among the figure thatvacuum insulation structure 3 innermultilayer insulations shield 12 signals.

Fig. 4 is the heat-absorbing structure sketch map of the utility model; As shown in Figure 4, the bottom that this heat-absorbingstructure 2 is positioned attank body 1 comprisesauxiliary concentrator 6 that the window's position ofcavity structure 5,cavity structure 5 is arranged and the heat-insulation layer 7 of assistingconcentrator 6 backs to arrange; Thesecavity structure 5 inner concaves are furnished with the high-absorbility low absorptance coating, and the sunshine that assembles is changed into heat, andcavity structure 5 self temperature raises, and heat is passed totank body 1 and heat-storage medium;Auxiliary concentrator 6 comprises two speculums, and minute surface is inside, lays respectively at the both sides of receive window, and outwards parts a little open, and can the sunshine of not direct incident be reflected into the window that injects heat-absorbingstructure 2 once more; Should assistconcentrator 6 backs to be optimized for and be furnished with heat-insulation layer 7, the two forms 7 pairs ofauxiliary concentrators 6 of a structural entity heat-insulation layer and provides support power, is set to the mass activity structure.

Fig. 5 is a structural representation under the off working state of heat-absorbing structure of the utility model; Among Fig. 5 sketchmap tank body 1, the heat-absorbingstructure 2 oftank body 1 lower disposed forms structural entity at theauxiliary concentrator 6 and the back heat-insulation layer 7 of the aperture position ofcavity structure 5; When heat-absorbing structure is under the off working state, assistconcentrator 6 and heat-insulation layer 7 to close the receive window of heat-absorbingstructure 2, reduce radiation and the convection losses of heat from receive window; And when heat-absorbingstructure 2 be under the duty,auxiliary concentrator 6 launches with heat-insulation layer 7, with direct incident receive window once more after the primary event of the light of incident receive window process not.

Fig. 6 is the heat exchange structure sketch map of the utility model; As shown in Figure 6,heat exchange structure 4 comprises the metal fin of arranging 9 of going up of heat exchange pipeline 8 and heat exchange pipeline 8, increases the heat exchange interface betweenheat exchange structure 4 and the heat-storage medium, to improve the heat exchange efficiency ofheat exchange structure 4; More preferably, highly heat-conductive materials such as fiber, wire are arranged, further improve the internal heat conductivity of heat-storage medium, more efficiently heat is transferred toheat exchange structure 4 in the internal placement of heat-storage medium;Heat exchange structure 4 linearities are inner through the integrated apparatus unit; A plurality of integrated apparatus unit interconnects throughheat exchange structure 4; The inner heat transferring mediums ofheat exchange structure 4heat exchange structure 4 of flowing through; The heat thatheat exchange structure 4 the is received system outside that swaps out, heat transferring medium is preferably conduction oil, water or gas, and gas for example is air, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen etc.; Because of whole integrated apparatus fixed-site in running, receive support member institute support fixation, can overcome the problems such as biphase gas and liquid flow vibrations of traditional DSG well, be optimal case so heat transferring medium is a water, with low cost, stable and reliable operation.When integrated apparatus was applied to dish formula photo-thermal field, heat exchange structure was the heat exchange structure of Stirling engine, and heat transferring medium is a gas, for example air, helium or hydrogen.

Fig. 7 is that the heat-storage medium of the utility model is the integrated apparatus example structure sketch map of solid heat accumulation piece; As shown in Figure 7, this integrated apparatus overall structure is elongated shape, has very high draw ratio (length-to-diameter of integrated apparatus); This linearity integrated apparatus is made up of a plurality of integrated heat storage units and is composed in series, and for example comprises the integratedheat storage units 101 and integrated heat storage units 102 of series connection; Integrated apparatus mainly comprises the heat-absorbingstructure 2 oftank body 1, lower disposed, theinsulation construction 3 of disposed outside; The heat-storage medium of internal placement is theheat exchange structure 4 of solid heat accumulation piece 11, solid heat accumulation piece 11 internal placement; Integrated apparatus has mesolimnion in the axial direction, is higher than the outflow end temperature ofheat exchange structure 4 in the outflow end temperature ofheat exchange structure 4; The material of this solid heat accumulation piece 11 is that high density, high specific heat capacity, heat conduction are good, the solid heat accumulation material of stable in properties, for example is wherein a kind of or at least two kinds mixture such as refractory brick, rock, pottery, glass, graphite, coal, amorphous graphite, metal, ore, slag, concrete.Preferably; The material of this solid heat accumulation piece 11 is the refractory material of brick fuel, compound brick fuel class; Because good, the specific heat capacity of heat conduction is big, porosity is low, density is high, stable in properties, material source extensively, cost is lower, be particularly suitable for preferably as heat-storage medium, for example magnesia carbon brick, alumina carbon brick etc.Further, the structure of solid heat accumulation piece 11 is the solid heat accumulation piece with different size and shape, for example rectangle block, cylindrical tube block, fan-shaped column.Further, with each solid heat accumulation piece 11 or the casting of its mixture, condensation cured becomes whole and forms the large scale solid heat accumulation piece 11 with self-supporting strength through motlten metal for solid heat accumulation piece 11, and also uses with quadrat method between theheat exchange structure 4 and obtain;Heat exchange structure 4 inner heat transferring mediums are conduction oil or water or gas, and gas for example is air, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen etc.

Fig. 8 is that the heat-storage medium of the utility model is the integrated apparatus example structure sketch map of two kinds of different materials; Among this embodiment, heat-storage medium is formed by at least two kinds, lays respectively in the separate confined space storage and the heat exchange of carrying out heat with the heat of transformation of utilizing these two kinds of materials respectively and sensible heat; Wherein continue in the whole operating temperature range of sensible heat material to keep liquid state, the heat exchange interface that is infiltrated on heat exchange structure fully is outside, has good heat convection performance.As shown in Figure 8, this integrated apparatus comprises two kinds of heat-storage mediums, is respectively heat-storage medium A and heat-storage medium B, and heat-storage medium A has the scope of application wideer than heat-storage medium B, and does not have phase transformation in the certain limit; Heat-storage medium A for example is sodium nitrate Wt60%+ potassium nitrate wt40%; Under 230 ℃, have fusing point, can be in 580 ℃ of following operate as normal of the highest scope; Heat-storage medium B is sodium nitrate simple substance for example, under 308 ℃, has fusing point, can because it has the heat of transformation in 308 ℃ of scopes, have the heat storage capacity higher than heat-storage medium A in 380 ℃ of following operate as normal of the highest scope; Two kinds of materials of heat-storage medium are arranged in the confined space of tank interior respectively independently; Heat-storage medium B is arranged in the airtightheat accumulation chamber 16, and a plurality of airtightheat accumulations chamber 16 is series on theheat exchange structure 4 throughconnector 17 welding, has the gap between each airtightheat accumulation chamber 16; Heat-storage medium A is arranged intank body 1, airtightheat accumulation chamber 16 and heat-absorbingstructure 4 formed interior volume; Heat-storage medium A is liquid state in whole operating temperature range, is infiltrated on the heat exchange interface ofheat exchange structure 4 and heat-absorbing structure fully, and heat-storage medium A and heat exchange interface show as heat convection in the transmittance process of heat, have good heat exchange property; Heat-storage medium B because within the specific limits for example 308 ℃ have phase transformation temperature points, the high-grade heat of the required steam of system is provided, for example required steam parameter 4MPa in the reasonable time of continuing; Corresponding vapo(u)rous temperature is 250 ℃; Heat-storage medium B can be kept on 250 ℃ of temperature for a long time, discharges great amount of heat, comprising a large amount of heat of transformations; This heat can pass to heat-storage medium A through the outer wall inheat accumulation chamber 16 simultaneously, and the convection action through A is passed to heat exchange interface again; The heat-storage medium mode of the two materials of this kind has high storage density and good heat exchange property, simultaneously enough high-grade heats and required power can be provided.

Fig. 9 is the vacuum insulation structure sketch map of the utility model; As shown in Figure 9, vacuum insulation structure compriseslayer structure 15 andendothecium structure 14 and end limit structure composition, and internal structure forms the vacuum space; Preferably, vacuum insulation structure can constitute by being arranged in the outside two glass bushings of tank body, with simplified structure, improves sealing reliability; Preferably, vacuum insulation structure is made up of the bi-metal double-pipe structure, has enough mechanical strengths; This insulation construction surrounds most of tank body; Only reserve absorbing window, the absorbing window disposed outside hasauxiliary concentrator 6, is incident to the inner heat-absorbing structure of receive window once more with failing the sunshine of direct incident receive window; Should be designed to bascule byauxiliary concentrator 6, accomplish closing absorbing window in the heat-absorbing structure off working state.

This integrated apparatus structural outer is a vacuum insulation structure, and internal placement has multilayer to have the heat screen of low emissivity coatings, has good heat insulation effect.For example, suppose that integrated apparatus is supported on eminence, the bottom is the solar energy mirror field, and the two difference in height is 7 meters, 8 meters of mirror field width, and length is 500 meters; DNI (solar energy vertical radiation amount) is 900W/m2; Total receiving efficiency is approximately 68%, and integrated apparatus is directly exported generating with 1/4 heat, and residue all is used for storing; In order to the direct incident continued generating of no sunray, heat-storage medium uses the nitrate mixture, and then the heat storage can diameter is approximately 300mm; Environment temperature is 20 ℃, and internal temperature is 400 ℃, vacuum insulation structure external diameter 400mm; And it is 0.05 heat screen that internal placement has 10 layers of emissivity, the thickness 0.3mm of heat screen; This integrated apparatus whole day heat radiation total amount is less than receiving 5% of heat total amount daytime, and this system has good heat insulation effect.

Figure 10 is tower column thermal-arrest, heat accumulation, the heat-exchange integrated device overall structure sketch map of the utility model; Shown in figure 10, the integrated apparatus entire arrangement comprises the heat-insulation layer of the heat-absorbingstructure 2 andtank body 1 disposed outside oftank body 1,tank body 1 disposed outside insupport tower 10 tops.Further, integrated apparatus also comprises inner heat exchange structure (not illustrating among the figure).Heat-absorbingstructure 2 is positioned attank body 1 bottom; Comprise efficient absorption coating or cavity absorber structure; The cavity inner face has the high-absorbility coating, and the sunshine that 16 reflections of ability efficient absorption heliostat are assembled is transformed into heat, directly heat is passed to the heat-storage medium oftank body 1 inside; The receive window disposed outside of heat-absorbingstructure 2 has theauxiliary concentrator 6 of annular; Entering heat-absorbingstructure 2 receive windows are reflected in the converging light of not incident once more; Improve heat absorption efficiency,auxiliary concentrator 6 backs are provided with heat-insulation layer, in the heat collector off working state; Folding each other, play the heat collector receive window is closed heat preservation effect; Heat exchange structure comprises near the metal fin of arranging heat exchange pipeline and the heat exchange pipeline, and integral body is spiraled inner through integrated apparatus.

This tower integrated apparatus has than the Fresnel integrated apparatus concentrates the heat-storage medium spatial placement more, has little many radiating surfaces, and heat insulation effect is obvious.For example tower integrated apparatus is arranged in support tower top, receives the sunshine of the mirror field area identical with the Fresnel integrated apparatus of foregoing description, has identical optical efficiency; Receive light microscopic field area 4000 ㎡, whole area 10000 ㎡; The height of tower is 25m, and the heat-storage medium heat storage capacity is 62.5MWh; Tentatively calculate with heat accumulation enthalpy difference 400KJ/Kg, required heat-storage medium quality 563T, heat-storage medium is about 250 m3; The heat storage can body is positioned at tower height 10m, and heat storage can height 15m, heat accumulation tank diameter are 4.6m; Compact overall structure, area of dissipation is little, and the tank body disposed outside has heat-insulation layer, has good heat insulation effect.

A plurality of tower integrated apparatus arranged in arrays are in the solar energy mirror field; Comprise tower integrated apparatus of prime low temperature and the back grade tower integrated apparatus of high temperature, and prime and the generation of back level series connection completion saturated vapor and the superheating process of saturated vapor, can realize the solar energy in large area utilization.

What be worth specified otherwise is; The thermal-arrest of the utility model, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device can also be applied in the dish formula concentration structure; The heat-absorbing structure of this integrated apparatus is arranged in the focal position of dish formula speculum; Receive the sunshine of mirror reflects, heat is stored in the heat-storage medium in the integrated apparatus after being transformed into heat.Should can be Stirling-electric hybrid with the interconnective dynamical system of dish formula integrated apparatus; The heat exchange pipeline of this Stirling-electric hybrid directly is arranged in the heat-storage medium inside of this integrated apparatus; With helium or hydrogen etc. is heat transferring medium; Heat generator is required from heat-storage medium inside swaps out, and generating is provided.This integrated apparatus can be applied in slot type, array Fresnel structure, the tower concentration structure or in the dish formula concentration structure; And grade low-temp integrated apparatus and back level high temperature integrated apparatus before this integrated apparatus can optimally comprise; And be furnished with different heat-storage mediums in the integrated apparatus at different levels, accomplish generation and saturated vapor overheated of saturated vapor respectively.

Obviously, under the prerequisite of true spirit that does not depart from the utility model and scope, the utility model described here can have many variations.Therefore, the change that all it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all should be included within the scope that these claims contain.The utility model scope required for protection is limited described claims.

Claims (17)

1. a heat absorption, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device; Mainly comprise the heat exchange structure of arranging in heat-storage medium that heat-absorbing structure (2) on tank body (1), the tank body (1), tank body (1) outside insulation construction (3), tank body (1) are inner and the heat-storage medium (4); Said tank body (1) is positioned near position focal line or the focus of solar concentrating system, and said heat-absorbing structure (2) directly is arranged in all or part of tank surface, the sunshine that receives is changed into the heat-storage medium that is passed to tank interior behind the heat; Said heat exchange structure (4) transmits adjusting through the inner heat transferring medium of flowing through to the heat of integrated apparatus inside.

2. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, the heat-sink shell of said heat-absorbing structure (2) is high-absorbility, low emissivity coatings.

3. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said heat-absorbing structure (2) is the cavity heat-absorbing structure, and the cavity inside sensitive surface has high-absorbility low-launch-rate heat-sink shell.

4. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, the receive window disposed outside of said heat-absorbing structure (2) has auxiliary concentrator (6).

5. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 4, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said auxiliary concentrator (6) is a bascule, the receive window of under off working state, closing heat-absorbing structure (2).

6. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said tank body (1) disposed outside has the insulation construction (3) of vacuum.

7. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that said heat-storage medium comprises the phase-change material that has phase transformation in the specific range of temperatures, and phase transformation temperature points is higher than the saturation temperature point of the steam of needs generation.

8. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said heat-storage medium is a solid heat accumulation piece (11).

9. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 8, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said solid heat accumulation piece (11) is solid materials such as magnesia carbon brick, lithotome.

10. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device; It is characterized in that; Said heat-storage medium comprises two kinds at least; Wherein a kind of heat of transformation of matter utilization solid-liquid state conversion is carried out heat accumulation, and the sensible heat of another kind of matter utilization liquid condition carries out heat accumulation and utilizes the strong convection characteristic of its liquid condition to carry out heat exchange.

11. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said heat exchange structure (4) comprises heat exchange pipeline (8) and the outside metal fin (9) of heat exchange pipeline (8).

12. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, the heat transfer medium of said heat exchange structure (4) is conduction oil, water, gas thrin.

13. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said heat-absorbing structure (2) is positioned at tank body (1) bottom.

14. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said integrated apparatus is made up of two or more integrated apparatus unit combination.

15. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 14, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device; It is characterized in that; Said integrated apparatus comprises prime low-temperature zone integrated apparatus and back level high temperature section integrated apparatus; And be furnished with different heat-storage mediums in the integrated apparatus at different levels, accomplish generation and steam overheated of saturated vapor respectively.

16. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said integrated apparatus is applied to slot type or array Fresnel solar thermal utilization field.

17. a kind of heat absorption according to claim 1, heat accumulation, heat-exchange integrated device is characterized in that, said integrated apparatus is applied to tower or dish formula solar thermal utilization field.

Images