CN202072502U - Solar desalination unit arranged on sea - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本实用新型涉及一种设置在海上的太阳能海水淡化装置，其特别之处在船体内依次设置下池、上池、透光棚；上池设有进气机构和排气机构；冬季时采用在船体内自然结冰的方法制作淡水，同时利用进气机构和排气机构将未结冰的海水蒸馏出淡水。在其余时节，采用太阳能蒸馏海水的方法制作淡水。本实用新型的有益效果是：本实用新型的海水淡化装置飘浮在海水中，不占用陆地资源。其在冬季的淡水出水量高于现有的单纯依靠太阳辐射蒸馏海水的装置。本实用新型装置中的动作均依靠自然力，不需要动力装置，不消耗电力，也不需要人力。由于本实用新型可以漂浮在海上，因此可以自由选择停泊在优质海水区域进行海水淡化。

The utility model relates to a solar-powered seawater desalination device arranged on the sea, which is special in that a lower pool, an upper pool, and a light-transmitting shed are sequentially arranged in the hull; the upper pool is provided with an air intake mechanism and an exhaust mechanism; The method of natural freezing in the body produces fresh water, and utilizes the intake mechanism and the exhaust mechanism to distill unfrozen seawater into fresh water. In other seasons, fresh water is produced by solar distillation of sea water. The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: the seawater desalination device of the utility model floats in seawater and does not occupy land resources. Its fresh water output in winter is higher than that of existing devices that rely solely on solar radiation to distill seawater. Actions in the device of the utility model all rely on natural force, do not need a power device, do not consume electric power, and do not need manpower. Because the utility model can float on the sea, it can freely choose to berth in a high-quality seawater area for seawater desalination.

Description

A kind of afloat solar energy sea water desalination apparatus is set

Technical field

The utility model relates to the sea water desaltination field, especially relates to a kind of device that utilizes natural energy resources to desalinize seawater.

Background technology

Sea water desaltination is the problem that people pay close attention to always.The method that seawater is desalinated is a lot, but conventional method as multistage distillation method, ion exchange method, dialysis, reverse osmosis membrane and cold method etc., all will consume a large amount of fuel or electric power.Because Greenhouse effect, the atmospheric pollution of the earth are serious day by day, therefore, seek to carry out sea water desaltination with sun power, are subject to people's attention.

Disc type solar energy distillation device desalination technology has many advantages: but at first be independent operating, be not subjected to condition restriction such as steam, electric power, pollution-free, operating safety is reliable and stable, does not consume conventional artificial energy source, and there is very big using value in energy scarcity, the high area of environmental requirement; But next is the industrial scale organic assembling, and adaptability is good, invests less relatively.

But its weak point is to occupy a large amount of land resourceses, secondly is to enter winter, a little less than the intensity of solar radiation, causes fresh water yield low.If can improve the problems referred to above, desalination with Solar Energy possesses the competitive power in water supply market more.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of like this solar energy sea water desalination apparatus: first, it does not take land resources, utilize wide sea to settle sea water desalinating plant, second, enter winter, can utilize nature cold icing method that desalinizes seawater in device to produce fresh water, to improve the fresh water aquifer yield in winter.

Device of the present utility model is achieved in that it comprises the hull that can float in water, sets gradually lower storage reservoir, upper storage reservoir, printing opacity canopy in the hull; At the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond, establish a drainage hole and be communicated with lower storage reservoir; Upper storage reservoir top is provided with the distillation tank, and the distillation tank is communicated with lower storage reservoir by the distillation water channel;

Described printing opacity canopy is provided with ventilation opening and canopy lid, and the canopy lid can move and the enclosed ventilation mouth, and upper storage reservoir is isolated from the outside; Be provided with the floating plate that can float in the described lower storage reservoir in water, be provided with a plurality of wet cloth group in the floating plate, when floating plate floated in water, the prosopyle of water from floating plate entered floating plate, made wet cloth group at least a portion under water; Be provided with pulley and stay cord in the pulley groove of floating plate bottom and lower storage reservoir, an end of stay cord is fixed in the pulley groove of lower storage reservoir, and the other end links to each other with the canopy lid, and when floating plate floated in water, by pulley, the pulling stay cord moved and the enclosed ventilation mouth canopy lid;

Be provided with occluding mechanism in the described upper storage reservoir, occluding mechanism comprises spring, kickboard, stay cord, the stopper that links to each other successively, and an end of its medi-spring is fixed on upper storage reservoir, and the other end is pressed on the kickboard; Stopper is blocked drainage hole by deadweight, when kickboard overcomes spring force upwards, and by stay cord, pull-up stopper disengaging drainage hole;

Described upper storage reservoir is provided with admission gear and air-releasing mechanism, described admission gear comprise painted black standpipe, contain the pipe and can rotate and seal the shrouding of standpipe of facining the wind of wind rudder; One end of standpipe puts in lower storage reservoir, and the other end is equipped with and contains managing down with the wind and stretching out outside the printing opacity canopy of wind rudder; Described air-releasing mechanism comprises extraction pipe, radiator element, wind eaves, distillation water pipe and can rotate and seal the shrouding of extraction pipe; One end of extraction pipe puts in lower storage reservoir, and the other end is communicated with radiator element and stretches out outside the printing opacity canopy, and first radiator element wherein and wind eaves are provided with the distillation ditch, and the distillation ditch connects the distillation water pipe that is positioned at upper storage reservoir top; Air-flow enters from the pipe that facings the wind of admission gear, through lower storage reservoir, flows out from the gap between the radiator element of air-releasing mechanism;

Be provided with the ventpipe that is fixed on admission gear's standpipe in the described upper storage reservoir, an end of ventpipe is higher than the distillation tank, and the other end is higher than at the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond;

Use said apparatus and make the step of fresh water:

First step: be lower than time below 0 ℃ closing on temperature, remove the canopy lid, and in upper storage reservoir, add seawater; Be lower than time below 0 ℃ at temperature, the seawater in the upper storage reservoir freezes in freezing air; When ice is tied certain thickness, expand because ice body is long-pending, promote kickboard and overcome spring force upwards, stopper is pulled up, and the seawater of Jie Binging does not flow into lower storage reservoir from drainage hole;

Floating plate floats in the seawater that lower storage reservoir does not freeze, and it spurs stay cord by pulley, the canopy lid is moved and the enclosed ventilation mouth, so that upper storage reservoir is isolated from the outside;

Sunlight sees through the printing opacity canopy, and the air in the heating canopy is in order to melt ice; Because the warm air in the hot pressing effect, canopy flows into the ice sheet bottom through ventpipe, also in order to melt ice; Salty frozen water in the ice releases from the ice crystal gap gradually, flows into lower storage reservoir through drainage hole; Afterwards, ice sheet melts gradually, and kickboard is descended by the compressing of spring gradually, and stopper also descends thereupon; When ice sheet is thinned to a certain degree through thawing, and the salinity of the salty frozen water of discharging is less than after 1 ‰, and stopper is blocked drainage hole fully by conducting oneself with dignity, and the ice in the upper storage reservoir continues to melt, and turns to fresh water;

On the other hand, sunlight heats facing the wind pipe, the standpipe of black, and extraneous air-flow enters into lower storage reservoir after facing the wind pipe and standpipe are heated, the moisture evaporation that the wet cloth on the floating plate in the lower storage reservoir is rolled into a ball; Because air flow stream is crossed the wind eaves, flow velocity is accelerated, pressure reduces, the water vapor that evaporates in the lower storage reservoir is sucked rising through extraction pipe, the radiator element of a part of water vapor wherein under the wind eaves flows out, another part water vapor contact heat spreader is caught a cold, and condenses into water droplet and falls into the distillation ditch, drops in the upper storage reservoir through the distillation water pipe;

Ice in upper storage reservoir all turns to fresh water;

Second step: take out the fresh water in the upper storage reservoir; Concentrated seawater in the lower storage reservoir is also taken out, and clean lower storage reservoir with seawater; The drainage hole of prosopyle in the floating plate and upper storage reservoir is blocked; And sealing standpipe and extraction pipe, enter solar distilling seawater operation:

Add seawater in upper storage reservoir, close canopy lid, sunlight sees through the printing opacity canopy, and the seawater in the heating upper storage reservoir makes evaporation of seawater, and its water vapor rises, and meets coldly on the printing opacity canopy, condenses into water droplet, drops down along the inclined-plane of canopy, falls into the distillation tank, flows into lower storage reservoir through the distillation water channel; When the seawater of upper storage reservoir is concentrated to a certain degree, take out concentrated seawater, also take out the distilled water in the lower storage reservoir; In upper storage reservoir, add seawater again, again distillation;

In 1 year, first step carries out in the winter time, carries out the solar distilling seawater operation in second step all the other seasons.

The utility model characteristics and beneficial effect compared with prior art is:

One, sea water desalinating plant of the present utility model can float across the sea, does not take land resources.

Two, because apparatus of the present invention can be produced fresh water with the method for freezing in the winter time, its fresh water aquifer yield in the winter time is higher than the device of existing simple dependence solar radiation distillation seawater.This be because ice heat of fusion be 334.4KJ/kg, only be water vaporization heat (water is 2257.2 KJ/kg in the time of 100 ℃) 1/7, so institute's energy requirement of cold method desalting process itself is more much lower than distillation method.

Three, the action in the utility model device is covered closure etc. such as the son of drawing the cork with canopy, all relies on natural force, does not need power set, does not consume electric power, does not also need manpower.

Four, the utility model advantage in seawater zone: A that can freely select to berth makes fresh water in high-quality seawater zone.B freezes in cold area, becomes fresh water yet move to warm regional ice-melt.C is as the equipment of carrying fresh water.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with figure and embodiment the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional view of the utility model device inside.

Fig. 2 is the C partial enlarged view among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional view after the utility model device is loaded onto printing opacity canopy 4.

Printing opacity canopy among Fig. 4 Fig. 3 is covered the synoptic diagram behind thecanopy lid 42.

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view among Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the user mode reference drawing of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the B partial enlarged view among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of floating plate.

Embodiment

(seeing Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) device of the present utility model mainly comprises thehull 1 that can float in water, set gradually lower storage reservoir 2, upper storage reservoir 3, printing opacity canopy 4 in the hull; At the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond, establish a drainage hole 31 and be communicated with lower storage reservoir; Upper storage reservoir top is provided withdistillation tank 32, and the distillation tank is communicated with lower storage reservoir by distillation water channel 33; An anchor ring 11 is fixed in the hull bottom, and anchor ring can connection cable 12 and anchor (figure does not go out), can make hull be docked in a certain marine site like this, particularly can be docked in the zone of high-quality seawater.

Be provided with occluding mechanism in the upper storage reservoir 3, occluding mechanism comprises spring 34, kickboard 35, stay cord 36, the stopper 37 that links to each other successively, and an end of its medi-spring is fixed on upper storage reservoir, and the other end is pressed on the kickboard; Stopper is blocked drainage hole by deadweight, and when kickboard overcame spring force and makes progress, by soft stay cord, the pull-up stopper broke away from drainage hole;

Printing opacity canopy 4 is provided withventilation opening 41 and canopy lid 42(sees Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), the canopy lid can move and the enclosed ventilation mouth, and upper storage reservoir is isolated from the outside;

Be provided with the floating plate 21(that can in water, float in the lower storage reservoir 2 and see Fig. 5-Fig. 8), be provided with a plurality ofwet cloth group 22 in the floating plate.The purpose that floating plate and wet cloth group is set is: because gas velocity, evaporation area and temperature are depended in the evaporation of moisture.(floating plate can adopt thermal insulation material preferably in the water isolation in water base this pond, up and down in the floating plate, wherein only aprosopyle 23 connects with water in the lower storage reservoir), from painted black manage down with thewind 53 and the warm air that enters ofstandpipe 51 only need heat water on the floating plate, have and utilize the temperature that improves this sub-fraction water; The kapillary of the single in the wet cloth group can be transported to the shallow water on the floating plate surface of wet cloth group, and the surface-area of many wet cloth groups is greater than the area of plane of floating plate in the floating plate, and Here it is has increased evaporation area.(after guaranteeing the wet cloth of floating plate carrying group, still can float in the water, can adopt on floating plate the fixedly method of floating drum, perhaps adopt buoyancy preferably material make floating plate).When floating plate floated in water, theprosopyle 23 of water from floating plate entered floating plate, made wet cloth roll into a ball at least a portion and soaked in water; Be provided with pulley 25 and staycord 26 in the pulley groove 24 offloating plate 21 bottoms and lower storage reservoir, an end ofstay cord 26 is fixed in the pulley groove 24 of lower storage reservoir, and the other end links to each other withcanopy lid 42, when floating plate floats in water, by pulley 25, pullingstay cord 26 moves and enclosedventilation mouth 41canopy lid 42;

Upper storage reservoir 3 is provided with admission gear and air-releasing mechanism, described admission gear comprise paintedblack standpipe 51, containwind rudder 52 manage 53 and can rotate and seal theshrouding 54 of standpipe down with the wind.Itsapoplexy rudder 52 can make rotary facing the wind the mouth of pipe all the time facing the wind to.One end of standpipe puts in lower storage reservoir 2, the other end be equipped with contain the wind rudder manage 53 and stretch out printing opacity canopy outer 4 down with the wind; Described air-releasing mechanism comprisesextraction pipe 71,radiator element 72,wind eaves 73,distillation water pipe 74 and can rotate and seal theshrouding 75 of extraction pipe, one end of extraction pipe puts in lower storage reservoir, the other end is communicated with radiator element and stretches out outside the printing opacity canopy, the first radiator element 76(wherein sees Fig. 7) andwind eaves 73 be provided withdistillation ditch 77, the distillation ditch connects thedistillation water pipe 74 be positioned at upper storage reservoir top; Air-flow enters from the pipe that facings the wind of admission gear, through lower storage reservoir, flows out from the gap between the radiator element of air-releasing mechanism;

Be provided with the ventpipe 61(that is fixed on admission gear's standpipe in the upper storage reservoir and see Fig. 6), an end of ventpipe is higher thandistillation tank 32, and the other end is higher than at the bottom of upper storage reservoir 3 ponds;

Use said apparatus and make the step of fresh water:

First step: be lower than time below 0 ℃ closing on temperature, removecanopy lid 42, expose ventilation opening 41, and in upper storage reservoir 3, add seawater (using the water pump operation usually), the height of seawater to the lower plane of kickboard 35 (see figure 5) that is as the criterion.Be lower than time below 0 ℃ at temperature, the seawater in the upper storage reservoir freezes in freezing air, and (when freezing, the salt in the seawater can be discharged from outside ice crystal.But still have some salts to have little time to discharge the ice sheet that freezes rapidly, when these some salts need that ice sheet begins to melt afterwards, at first discharge ice sheet with the water that melts the slit between ice crystal).When ice is tied certain thickness, expand owing to ice body is long-pending, promote kickboard 35, overcome spring force upwards, by soft stay cord 36, stopper 37 is pulled up, the seawater of Jie Binging is not seen Fig. 6 from drainage hole 31 inflow lower storage reservoir 2();

Floatingplate 21 floats in the seawater that lower storage reservoir 2 does not freeze, and it canopylid 42 is moved and enclosedventilation mouth 41, so that upper storage reservoir 3 is isolated from the outside by pulley 25pulling stay cords 26;

(see figure 6) sunlight sees through printing opacity canopy 4, and the air in the heating printing opacity canopy is in order to melt ice; Because the warm air in the hot pressing effect, canopy flows into the ice sheet bottom through ventpipe 61, also in order to melt ice; Salty frozen water in the ice releases from the ice crystal gap gradually, flows into lower storage reservoir 2 through drainage hole 31; Afterwards, ice sheet melts gradually, and kickboard 35 is descended by the compressing of spring 34 gradually, and stopper 37 also descends thereupon;

When ice sheet is thinned to a certain degree through thawing, particularly the salinity of the salty frozen water of discharging when the time comes is less than after 1 ‰ (the saliferous standards of fresh water), stopper is blocked drainage hole fully by deadweight, and (this operating mode can be determined by the length of adjusting stay cord 36, after the salty frozen water salinity of discharging is less than 1 ‰, guarantee that the length of stay cord 36 can allow stopper block drainage hole 31.The length of stay cord can keep permanent use after once determining) ice in the upper storage reservoir continues to melt, and turns to fresh water;

On the other hand, sunlight heating black manage 53 down with the wind,standpipe 51, extraneous air-flow enters into lower storage reservoir after facing the wind pipe and standpipe are heated, make wet cloth on thefloating plate 21 in the lower storage reservoir roll into aball 22 moisture evaporation; Because air flow stream is crossedwind eaves 73, flow velocity is accelerated, pressure reduces, the water vapor of evaporation is sucked rising throughextraction pipe 71 in the lower storage reservoir 2, theradiator element 72 of a part of water vapor wherein under the wind eaves flows out (see figure 7), another part water vapor contact heat spreader is caught a cold, and condenses into water droplet and falls intodistillation ditch 77, drops in the upper storage reservoir 3 throughdistillation water pipe 74;

Ice in upper storage reservoir all turns to fresh water;

Second step: take out the fresh water in the upper storage reservoir 3; Concentrated seawater in the lower storage reservoir 2 is also taken out, pump into the seawater flushing lower storage reservoir afterwards one time, remain in down salinity on the pool wall with dilution.Pump the seawater of this flushing then; The drainage hole 31 of prosopyle in thefloating plate 21 23 and upper storage reservoir is blocked; And the rotation shrouding, sealingstandpipe 51 andextraction pipe 71 enter solar distilling seawater operation:

Add seawater in upper storage reservoir 3,close canopy lid 42, sunlight sees through printing opacity canopy 4, (in fact upper storage reservoir becomes a traditional solar energy sea water distiller to seawater in the heating upper storage reservoir, the upper storage reservoir pool wall can be established thermal insulation layer insulation, and surperficial blacking is beneficial to heat absorption) make evaporation of seawater, water vapor rises; Because printing opacity canopy heat absorption itself is few, temperature is lower than warm water in the pond, water vapor is met cold on printing opacity canopy 4, condense into water droplet, inclined-plane along the printing opacity canopy drops down, and falls intodistillation tank 32, flows in the distilled water of lower storage reservoir 2(floatingplate 21 at lower storage reservoir through distillation water channel 33 and floats, becauseprosopyle 23 is plugged, wet cloth is rolled into aball 22 and is no longer contacted with distilled water).Though the distilled water in the lower storage reservoir can be sneaked into seawater salinity residual in the lower storage reservoir, as long as this salinity does not surpass the salinity standard of fresh water.

When the seawater of upper storage reservoir is concentrated to a certain degree, take out concentrated seawater, also take out the distilled water in the lower storage reservoir; In upper storage reservoir, add seawater again, again distillation;

In 1 year, first step carries out in the winter time, carries out the solar distilling seawater operation in second step all the other seasons.

Claims (1)

Translated fromChinese

1. 一种设置在海上的太阳能海水淡化装置，其特征是它包括能在水中浮起的船体，船体内依次设置下池、上池、透光棚；在上池池底设一下水孔连通下池；上池上部设有蒸馏水槽，蒸馏水槽通过蒸馏水道与下池连通；1. A solar-powered seawater desalination device installed on the sea, characterized in that it includes a hull that can float in water, and a lower pool, an upper pool, and a light-transmitting shed are arranged in turn in the hull; a water hole is set at the bottom of the upper pool to communicate with the lower pool ;The upper part of the upper pool is provided with a distilled water tank, and the distilled water tank is connected with the lower pool through the distilled water channel;所述的透光棚设有通风口和棚盖，棚盖能移动并封闭通风口，使上池与外界隔离；所述的下池中设有能在水中浮起的浮盘，浮盘中设有多个湿布团，当浮盘在水中浮起时，水从浮盘中的进水孔进入浮盘，使湿布团至少一部分浸在水中；浮盘下部和下池的滑轮槽中设有滑轮和拉绳，拉绳的一端固定在下池的滑轮槽中，另一端与棚盖相连，当浮盘在水中浮起时，通过滑轮，拉动拉绳，使棚盖移动并封闭通风口；The light-transmitting shed is provided with an air vent and a shed cover, and the shed cover can move and close the air vent to isolate the upper pool from the outside world; the lower pool is provided with a floating plate capable of floating in the water, and the floating plate is provided with a There are many wet cloth balls, when the floating plate floats in the water, water enters the floating plate from the water inlet hole in the floating plate, so that at least a part of the wet cloth balls are immersed in the water; there are pulleys and Pull rope, one end of the pull rope is fixed in the pulley groove of the lower pool, and the other end is connected to the shed cover. When the floating plate floats in the water, the pull rope is pulled through the pulley to move the shed cover and close the vent;所述的上池中设有堵塞机构，堵塞机构包括依次相连的弹簧、浮板、拉绳、塞子，其中弹簧的一端固定在上池，另一端压在浮板上；塞子靠自重堵住下水孔，当浮板克服弹簧力向上，通过拉绳，拉起塞子脱离下水孔；The upper pool is provided with a blocking mechanism, and the blocking mechanism includes a spring, a floating plate, a pull rope, and a plug connected in sequence, wherein one end of the spring is fixed on the upper pool, and the other end is pressed on the floating plate; the plug blocks the water by its own weight. Hole, when the floating plate overcomes the spring force upwards, pull up the plug and leave the water hole through the pull rope;所述的上池设有进气机构和排气机构，所述的进气机构包括涂成黑色的立管、含有风舵的迎风管和能转动并封住立管的封板；立管的一端伸进下池，另一端装有含有风舵的迎风管并伸出透光棚外；所述的排气机构包括抽气管、散热片、风檐、蒸馏水管和能转动并封住抽气管的封板；抽气管的一端伸进下池，另一端与散热片连通并伸出透光棚外，其中的第一散热片和风檐设有蒸馏水沟，蒸馏水沟连接位于上池上部的蒸馏水管；气流从进气机构的迎风管进入，经过下池，从排气机构的散热片之间的间隙流出；The upper pool is provided with an air intake mechanism and an exhaust mechanism, and the air intake mechanism includes a riser painted black, a windward pipe containing a wind rudder and a sealing plate that can rotate and seal the standpipe; the standpipe One end extends into the lower pool, and the other end is equipped with a windward pipe containing a wind rudder and extends out of the light-transmitting shed; the exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust pipe, a heat sink, a wind eaves, a distilled water pipe and a valve that can rotate and seal the exhaust pipe. Sealing plate; one end of the exhaust pipe extends into the lower pool, and the other end communicates with the heat sink and extends out of the light-transmitting shed. The first heat sink and the wind eaves are provided with a distilled water ditch, which is connected to the distilled water pipe on the upper part of the upper pool; air flow It enters from the windward pipe of the intake mechanism, passes through the lower pool, and flows out from the gap between the cooling fins of the exhaust mechanism;所述的上池中设有固定在进气机构立管上的通气管，通气管的一端高于蒸馏水槽，另一端高于上池池底。The upper pool is provided with an air pipe fixed on the riser of the air intake mechanism, one end of the air pipe is higher than the distilled water tank, and the other end is higher than the bottom of the upper pool.

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