CN202033167U - In vitro artificial ear drum testing device used in explosion shock wave environment - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本实用新型涉及一种用于爆炸冲击波环境下的体外人工鼓膜测试装置，包括带空腔的人工鼓膜固定器，与人工鼓膜固定器一体设置的连接座，基座，所述人工鼓膜固定器内设有相互连通的第一空腔和第二空腔，第二空腔的前端与第一空腔一体连接，两个空腔分别与人体的外耳道和中耳道相对应，人工鼓膜固定在第二空腔的后端，所述基座的上端面设有定位座，所述定位座的上端面设有用于安装连接座的定位槽，所述人工鼓膜固定器通过连接座与基座上的定位座活动连接。本实用新型结构简单，可操控性强，避免了个体差异和种属差异，便于大量、多方位采集数据，且数据采集和分析简单、可靠，方便携带，适用范围广泛。

The utility model relates to an in vitro artificial tympanic membrane testing device used in an explosion shock wave environment, comprising an artificial tympanic membrane holder with a cavity, a connecting seat integrally arranged with the artificial tympanic membrane holder, a base, and an inner part of the artificial tympanic membrane holder. A first cavity and a second cavity communicated with each other are provided. The front end of the second cavity is integrally connected with the first cavity. The two cavities respectively correspond to the external auditory canal and the middle auditory canal of the human body. The rear end of the two cavities, the upper end surface of the base is provided with a positioning seat, the upper end surface of the positioning seat is provided with a positioning groove for installing the connecting seat, and the artificial tympanic membrane holder is connected with the connecting seat on the base. The positioning seat is movable and connected. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, strong maneuverability, avoids individual differences and species differences, facilitates a large number of multi-directional data collection, and the data collection and analysis are simple, reliable, convenient to carry, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

Translated fromChinese

用于爆炸冲击波环境下的体外人工鼓膜测试装置In vitro artificial tympanic membrane test device for blast shock wave environment

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及一种测试装置，特别涉及一种用于爆炸冲击波环境下的体外人工鼓膜测试装置。The utility model relates to a test device, in particular to an in vitro artificial tympanic membrane test device used in an explosion shock wave environment.

背景技术Background technique

人工鼓膜通常是指把一种替代物放置到外耳道内或残余鼓膜表面，以提高听力和减少耳漏。人工鼓膜的研究历史可追溯到19世纪，制作的材料也种类繁多。使用时，通常将人工鼓膜贴附于鼓膜破损部位，以治疗因各种原因造成的鼓膜穿孔，从而达到提高听力、防止感染的目的。An artificial eardrum usually refers to the placement of a replacement in the external auditory canal or on the surface of the remaining eardrum to improve hearing and reduce otorrhea. The research history of artificial tympanic membrane can be traced back to the 19th century, and there are various kinds of materials. When in use, the artificial tympanic membrane is usually attached to the damaged part of the tympanic membrane to treat the perforation of the tympanic membrane caused by various reasons, so as to achieve the purpose of improving hearing and preventing infection.

爆炸所产生的冲击波通常包括一个瞬时迅速上升的超压阶段和随后时程相对略长的负压阶段。而人体鼓膜由于其特殊的结构和功能，在爆炸冲击波的作用下极易导致损伤破裂，是人体冲击波致伤组织中最容易损伤的部位。虽然有研究者认为鼓膜的破裂或穿孔不能单独作为判断爆炸冲击伤的评价指标，并且也可能因其他不足以造成鼓膜破裂的压力造成内耳的损伤。但由于鼓膜对爆炸冲击波的敏感性，且鼓膜损伤便于观察检测，因此目前在对爆炸冲击伤的评价指标中鼓膜的破裂穿孔仍然占有重要的地位。The shock wave generated by an explosion usually includes an instantaneous and rapidly rising overpressure stage followed by a relatively long negative pressure stage. Due to its special structure and function, the human tympanic membrane is easily damaged and ruptured under the action of the blast shock wave, and is the most easily damaged part of the human body shock wave-induced tissue. Although some researchers believe that the rupture or perforation of the tympanic membrane cannot be used alone as an evaluation index for judging blast injury, and it may also cause damage to the inner ear due to other pressures that are not sufficient to cause tympanic membrane rupture. However, due to the sensitivity of the tympanic membrane to blast shock waves and the ease of observation and detection of tympanic membrane damage, the rupture and perforation of the tympanic membrane still plays an important role in the evaluation index of blast injury.

目前对鼓膜冲击伤的评估方式主要有：一是对以往战争或者意外事故中的爆炸冲击伤患者进行回访调查，二是动物试验。但由于在回访调查过程中人为因素的干扰、统计范围的局限、战场环境的差异和样本的个体差异（年龄，人种，既往病史等）；且动物试验中种属和个体差异大，不便于控制，使评估的可操控性差，检测数据的客观性和应用范围受到极大的限制。At present, there are mainly two evaluation methods for tympanic membrane impact injury: one is to conduct follow-up investigations on patients with explosion impact injuries in previous wars or accidents, and the other is to conduct animal experiments. However, due to the interference of human factors, the limitation of the statistical scope, the differences in the battlefield environment and the individual differences of the samples (age, race, past medical history, etc.) The control makes the evaluation less manipulable, and the objectivity and application scope of the detection data are greatly limited.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型的目的是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种用于爆炸冲击波环境下的体外人工鼓膜测试装置，它结构简单，可操控性强，避免了个体差异和种属差异，便于大量、多方位采集数据，且数据采集和分析简单、可靠，方便携带，适用范围广泛。The purpose of this utility model is to provide an in vitro artificial tympanic membrane test device for the deficiencies of the prior art, which is simple in structure, strong in maneuverability, avoids individual differences and species differences, and is convenient for large quantities, Multi-directional data collection, and data collection and analysis is simple, reliable, easy to carry, and has a wide range of applications.

本实用新型的技术方案是：一种用于爆炸冲击波环境下的体外人工鼓膜测试装置，包括带空腔的人工鼓膜固定器，与人工鼓膜固定器一体设置的连接座，基座，所述人工鼓膜固定器内设有相互连通的第一空腔和第二空腔，第二空腔的前端与第一空腔一体连接，两个空腔分别与人体的外耳道和中耳道相对应，人工鼓膜固定在第二空腔的后端，所述基座的上端面设有定位座，所述定位座的上端面设有用于安装连接座的定位槽，所述人工鼓膜固定器通过连接座与基座上的定位座活动连接。The technical scheme of the utility model is: an in vitro artificial tympanic membrane testing device used in an explosion shock wave environment, including an artificial tympanic membrane holder with a cavity, a connecting seat integrally arranged with the artificial tympanic membrane holder, a base, the artificial The tympanic membrane holder is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity that communicate with each other. The front end of the second cavity is integrally connected with the first cavity. The tympanic membrane is fixed on the rear end of the second cavity, and the upper end surface of the base is provided with a positioning seat, and the upper end surface of the positioning seat is provided with a positioning groove for installing the connecting seat, and the artificial tympanic membrane holder is connected to the artificial tympanic membrane through the connecting seat. The positioning seat on the base is flexibly connected.

第二空腔的后端的端部的上腔壁上设有供人工鼓膜穿过的开口，该端部的下腔壁的内壁上设有与开口对应的凹槽。The upper cavity wall at the end of the rear end of the second cavity is provided with an opening for the artificial tympanic membrane to pass through, and the inner wall of the lower cavity wall at the end is provided with a groove corresponding to the opening.

所述开口的开口端面与第二空腔的上腔壁之间具有倾斜夹角α，该倾斜夹角α的角度为120°～130°。There is an included angle α between the opening end surface of the opening and the upper cavity wall of the second cavity, and the included angle α is 120°-130°.

所述开口的宽度大于人工鼓膜的宽度，人工鼓膜的一端固定在开口处，另一端固定于凹槽内。The width of the opening is greater than that of the artificial tympanic membrane, one end of the artificial tympanic membrane is fixed at the opening, and the other end is fixed in the groove.

所述人工鼓膜固定器的横截面呈水平漏斗状。The cross-section of the artificial tympanic membrane holder is horizontally funnel-shaped.

所述连接座位于第二空腔的下方，该连接座的下端面中心设有螺孔。The connecting seat is located below the second cavity, and the center of the lower end surface of the connecting seat is provided with a screw hole.

所述定位座的上端面的定位槽内设有与螺孔对应的安装螺柱，连接座通过螺纹配合与定位座连接。Mounting studs corresponding to the screw holes are arranged in the positioning slots on the upper end surface of the positioning seat, and the connecting seat is connected with the positioning seat through thread fit.

所述基座的底部设有定位脚架。The bottom of the base is provided with a positioning tripod.

采用上述技术方案：由于人工鼓膜固定器内设有相互连通的第一空腔和第二空腔，第二空腔的前端与第一空腔一体连接，两个空腔分别与人体的外耳道和中耳道相对应，人工鼓膜固定在第二空腔的后端，使人工鼓膜固定器能够模拟人体外耳的功能，从而方便、快捷地模拟出冲击波对人体鼓膜的致伤效果，并以此初步评估武器和爆炸物在各种环境下的损伤效应。并且由于基座的上端面设有定位座，定位座的上端面设有用于安装连接座的定位槽，使人工鼓膜固定器能够通过与其一体设置的连接座固定在基座的定位座上，且连接座与定位座活动连接，既便于根据测试需要调节人工鼓膜固定器的方向，又便于人工鼓膜固定器的拆卸，具有可操控性强和便于大量、多方位采集数据的优点。使用时，将装配好的本装置固定在待测位置的地面或距地面一定高度的固定物上，爆炸源产生的冲击波经人工鼓膜固定器的第一空腔传入第二空腔内，并作用于人工鼓膜上，人工鼓膜受到剧烈的拉扯和移位，超过其可承受阈值即发生破损。待爆炸结束后，取出人工鼓膜，即可根据人工鼓膜破损的范围确定损伤等级，得出相应爆炸源在特定位置的损伤参数，从而避免了在测试中的个体差异和种属差异，简化了相应的检测、分析程序，具有数据采集和分析简单、可靠的优点。Adopt the above-mentioned technical scheme: because the artificial tympanic membrane holder is provided with the first cavity and the second cavity that communicate with each other, the front end of the second cavity is integrally connected with the first cavity, and the two cavities are respectively connected to the external auditory canal and the second cavity of the human body. Corresponding to the middle auditory canal, the artificial tympanic membrane is fixed at the rear end of the second cavity, so that the artificial tympanic membrane fixer can simulate the function of the human outer ear, so that it is convenient and fast to simulate the injury effect of the shock wave on the human tympanic membrane, and based on this preliminary Evaluate the damaging effects of weapons and explosives in various environments. And because the upper end surface of the base is provided with a positioning seat, the upper end surface of the positioning seat is provided with a positioning groove for installing the connecting seat, so that the artificial tympanic membrane holder can be fixed on the positioning seat of the base through the connecting seat integrally provided with it, and The connecting seat and the positioning seat are movably connected, which not only facilitates the adjustment of the direction of the artificial tympanic membrane holder according to the test requirements, but also facilitates the disassembly of the artificial tympanic membrane holder. When in use, fix the assembled device on the ground at the position to be tested or on a fixed object at a certain height from the ground, the shock wave generated by the explosion source is transmitted into the second cavity through the first cavity of the artificial tympanic membrane holder, and Acting on the artificial tympanic membrane, the artificial tympanic membrane is subjected to severe pulling and displacement, and breakage occurs when the artificial tympanic membrane exceeds its tolerable threshold. After the explosion is over, the artificial tympanic membrane can be taken out, and the damage level can be determined according to the damage range of the artificial tympanic membrane, and the damage parameters of the corresponding explosion source at a specific location can be obtained, thereby avoiding individual differences and species differences in the test, and simplifying the corresponding procedures. The advanced detection and analysis program has the advantages of simple and reliable data collection and analysis.

另外，由于本实用新型结构简单，方便携带，适用范围广泛。In addition, because the utility model has a simple structure, is convenient to carry, and has a wide range of applications.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

图2为图1的P部放大图；Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part P of Fig. 1;

图3为本实用新型的连接座的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting seat of the present invention;

图4为本实用新型的定位座的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning seat of the present invention.

附图中，1为人工鼓膜固定器，2为连接座，2a为螺孔，3为基座，4为第一空腔，5为第二空腔，6为人工鼓膜，7为开口，8为凹槽，9为定位座，9a为定位槽，9b为安装螺柱，10为定位脚架。 In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the artificial tympanic membrane holder, 2 is the connecting seat, 2a is the screw hole, 3 is the base, 4 is the first cavity, 5 is the second cavity, 6 is the artificial tympanic membrane, 7 is the opening, 8 9 is a positioning seat, 9a is a positioning groove, 9b is a mounting stud, and 10 is a positioning tripod. the

具体实施方式Detailed ways

参见图1至图4，一种用于爆炸冲击波环境下的体外人工鼓膜测试装置，包括带空腔的人工鼓膜固定器1，与人工鼓膜固定器1一体设置的连接座2，基座3。在本实施例中人工鼓膜固定器1的横截面呈水平漏斗状，人工鼓膜固定器1内设有相互连通的第一空腔4和第二空腔5，第二空腔5的前端与第一空腔4一体连接，两个空腔分别与人体的外耳道和中耳道相对应，使人工鼓膜固定器能够模拟人体外耳的功能，从而方便、快捷地模拟出冲击波对人体鼓膜的致伤效果，并以此初步评估武器和爆炸物在各种环境下的损伤效应。人工鼓膜6固定在第二空腔5的后端，在第二空腔5的后端的端部的上腔壁上设有供人工鼓膜6穿过的开口7，该端部的下腔壁的内壁上设有与开口对应的凹槽8，其中开口7的宽度略大于人工鼓膜6的宽度，且开口的开口端面与第二空腔的上腔壁之间具有倾斜夹角α，倾斜夹角α的角度为120°～130°，使人工鼓膜6与第二空腔5的后端的端部之间留有一定的缓冲空间，并使人工鼓膜6的一端能够更加牢固的固定在开口7处；人工鼓膜6的另一端穿过开口7固定于凹槽8内，以便于人工鼓膜6的取放。连接座2位于第二空腔5的下方，该连接座的下端面中心设有螺孔2a，螺孔2a内设有内螺纹，使其能够可拆卸的连接在基座3的定位座9上。基座3的上端面设有定位座9，定位座9的上端面设有用于安装连接座2的定位槽9a，定位槽9a内设有与螺孔2a对应的安装螺柱9b，安装螺柱9b上设有与螺孔2a内的内螺纹配合的外螺纹，连接座2通过螺纹配合与定位座9连接，从而使人工鼓膜固定器1能够通过连接座2与基座1上的定位座9活动连接，既便于根据测试需要调节人工鼓膜固定器的方向，又便于人工鼓膜固定器的拆卸，具有可操控性强和便于大量、多方位采集数据的优点。另外，基座3的底部还设有定位脚架10，用于将本装置固定在待测位置的地面或距地面一定高度的固定物上。Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4 , an in vitro artificial tympanic membrane testing device used in an explosive shock wave environment includes an artificialtympanic membrane holder 1 with a cavity, a connectingseat 2 and abase 3 integrally provided with the artificialtympanic membrane holder 1 . In the present embodiment, the cross section of the artificialtympanic membrane holder 1 is horizontally funnel-shaped, and the artificialtympanic membrane holder 1 is provided with afirst cavity 4 and asecond cavity 5 communicating with each other, and the front end of thesecond cavity 5 is connected to the first cavity. Acavity 4 is connected in one piece, and the two cavities correspond to the external auditory canal and middle auditory canal of the human body respectively, so that the artificial tympanic membrane fixer can simulate the function of the human external ear, thereby simulating the damage effect of the shock wave on the human tympanic membrane conveniently and quickly , and use it to preliminarily assess the damage effects of weapons and explosives in various environments. The artificialtympanic membrane 6 is fixed on the rear end of thesecond cavity 5, and the upper cavity wall at the end of the rear end of thesecond cavity 5 is provided with an opening 7 for the artificialtympanic membrane 6 to pass through. The inner wall is provided with agroove 8 corresponding to the opening, wherein the width of the opening 7 is slightly larger than the width of the artificialtympanic membrane 6, and there is an inclined angle α between the opening end surface of the opening and the upper cavity wall of the second cavity, and the inclined angle The angle of α is 120°～130°, so that there is a certain buffer space between the artificialtympanic membrane 6 and the rear end of thesecond cavity 5, and one end of the artificialtympanic membrane 6 can be more firmly fixed at the opening 7 ; The other end of the artificialtympanic membrane 6 passes through the opening 7 and is fixed in thegroove 8 to facilitate the taking and placing of the artificialtympanic membrane 6 . The connectingseat 2 is located below thesecond cavity 5, the center of the lower end surface of the connecting seat is provided with a screw hole 2a, and the screw hole 2a is provided with an internal thread, so that it can be detachably connected to thepositioning seat 9 of thebase 3 . The upper end surface ofbase 3 is provided with locatingseat 9, and the upper end surface of locatingseat 9 is provided with the locating groove 9a that is used to install connectingseat 2, is provided with the mounting stud 9b corresponding with screw hole 2a in the locating groove 9a, and installing stud 9b is provided with an external thread that cooperates with the internal thread in the screw hole 2a, and the connectingseat 2 is connected with thepositioning seat 9 through thread fit, so that the artificialtympanic membrane holder 1 can pass through the connectingseat 2 and thepositioning seat 9 on thebase 1 The flexible connection not only facilitates the adjustment of the direction of the artificial tympanic membrane holder according to the test needs, but also facilitates the disassembly of the artificial tympanic membrane holder, and has the advantages of strong maneuverability and convenient data collection in large quantities and from multiple directions. In addition, the bottom of thebase 3 is also provided with apositioning tripod 10 for fixing the device on the ground at the position to be measured or on a fixed object at a certain height from the ground.

使用时，首先需要确定待测的位置和方向，并确认人工鼓膜的完整性、厚度、大小等状况均符合标准，然后将装配好的本装置固定在待测位置的地面或距地面一定高度的固定物上，爆炸源产生的冲击波经人工鼓膜固定器的第一空腔传入第二空腔内，并作用于人工鼓膜上，人工鼓膜受到剧烈的拉扯和移位，超过其可承受阈值即发生破损。待爆炸结束后，取下人工鼓膜固定器，取出人工鼓膜，即可根据人工鼓膜破损的范围确定损伤等级，得出相应爆炸源在特定位置的损伤参数，从而方便、快捷的实现了对鼓膜冲击伤的评估。When using, it is first necessary to determine the position and direction to be tested, and confirm that the integrity, thickness, and size of the artificial tympanic membrane meet the standards, and then fix the assembled device on the ground at the position to be tested or at a certain height from the ground. On the fixed object, the shock wave generated by the explosion source is transmitted into the second cavity through the first cavity of the artificial tympanic membrane holder, and acts on the artificial tympanic membrane, and the artificial tympanic membrane is subjected to severe pulling and displacement. Breakage occurred. After the explosion is over, remove the artificial tympanic membrane holder, take out the artificial tympanic membrane, and then determine the damage level according to the damage range of the artificial tympanic membrane, and obtain the damage parameters of the corresponding explosion source at a specific position, thus realizing the impact on the tympanic membrane conveniently and quickly. injury assessment.

另外，本实用新型结构简单，便于携带和操作，可广泛应用于各种武器、工业环境、矿山爆破、恐怖袭击和各种易然易爆环境的爆炸致伤评估，具有显著的应用价值。In addition, the utility model has a simple structure, is easy to carry and operate, and can be widely used in explosion injury assessment of various weapons, industrial environments, mine blasting, terrorist attacks and various explosive environments, and has significant application value.

Claims (8)

1. external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment, it is characterized in that: comprise the artificial ear drum fixator (1) of being with cavity, the Connection Block (2) that is wholely set with artificial ear drum fixator (1), pedestal (3), be provided with first cavity (4) and second cavity (5) that are interconnected in the described artificial ear drum fixator (1), the front end of second cavity (5) is connected with first cavity (4) one, two cavitys are corresponding with the external auditory meatus and the MEC of human body respectively, artificial ear drum (6) is fixed on the rear end of second cavity (5), the upper surface of described pedestal (3) is provided with positioning seat (9), the upper surface of described positioning seat (9) is provided with the locating slot (9a) that is used to install Connection Block (2), and described artificial ear drum fixator (1) flexibly connects by the positioning seat (9) on Connection Block (2) and the pedestal (1).

2. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the epicoele wall of the end of the rear end of second cavity (5) is provided with the opening (7) that passes for artificial ear drum (6), and the inwall of the cavity of resorption wall of this end is provided with and opening corresponding groove (8).

3. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: have slanted angle α between the epicoele wall of the open end of described opening and second cavity, the angle of this slanted angle α is 120 °～130 °.

4. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the width of described opening (7) is greater than the width of artificial ear drum (6), one end of artificial ear drum is fixed on opening (7) and locates, and the other end is fixed in the groove (8).

5. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the xsect of described artificial ear drum fixator (1) is horizontal funnel-form.

6. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Connection Block (2) is positioned at the below of second cavity (5), and the center, lower surface of this Connection Block is provided with screw (2a).

7. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with the installation double-screw bolt (9b) corresponding with screw (2a) in the locating slot of the upper surface of described positioning seat (9a), Connection Block (2) is connected with positioning seat (9) by threaded engagement.

8. the external artificial ear drum proving installation that is used under the explosion wave environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom of described pedestal (3) is provided with location foot rest (10).

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