Summary of the invention
This utility model is intended to solve existing automatization peritoneal dialysis device and involves great expense, be not suitable for the problem of present China's national situation, and provide a kind of CAPD and APD operation principle are organically combined, the catchment preparation of processing, peritoneal dialysis liquid, the saturating treatment of automatization's abdomen is one, proportion of utilization pump preparation peritoneal dialysis liquid, simple in structure, simple operation, cheap, the simple automatic peritoneal dialysis equipment that is fit to basic unit's family oriented treatment.
This utility model solves its technical problem, and the technical scheme of employing is:
A kind of simple automatic peritoneal dialysis equipment comprises former water treatment facilities, peritoneal dialysis liquid device for formulating, the saturating therapy equipment of abdomen and automatic control system.
Described former water treatment facilities comprises the raw water filtration device, the EDI electric deionizing device, I level counter-osmosis device and II level counter-osmosis device, this its water inlet of raw water filtration device directly is connected with the water source, its outlet is connected with this I level counter-osmosis device water inlet, this I level counter-osmosis device outlet is connected with this EDI electric deionizing device water inlet, this EDI electric deionizing device outlet is connected with this II level counter-osmosis device water inlet, this II level counter-osmosis device outlet is connected with three-way magnetic valve one interface in the peritoneal dialysis liquid device for formulating by connecting line, and conductivity meter and light scopometer are housed on this connecting line;
Described peritoneal dialysis liquid device for formulating comprises the first two-chamber proportioning pump, the second two-chamber proportioning pump, peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-way magnetic valve and peritoneal dialysis liquid container, this two liquid inlet of first two-chamber proportioning pump connects the peritoneal dialysis liquid concentrating agents of penetrating agent and flexible package respectively, its liquid outlet is connected by connecting line another interface with this peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-way magnetic valve, the 3rd interface of this peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-way magnetic valve is connected by the liquid inlet of connecting line with this second two-chamber proportioning pump, on this connecting line conductivity meter is housed, the liquid outlet of this second two-chamber proportioning pump is connected with the peritoneal dialysis liquid import of this peritoneal dialysis liquid container by connecting line, on this connecting line effusion meter is housed, this peritoneal dialysis liquid container is placed on 1 meter, patient body top by propping up, be provided with ultraviolet ray disinfector and constant temperature electric heater in it, the peritoneal dialysis liquid natural gravity leakage fluid dram of this peritoneal dialysis liquid container is treated three-way magnetic valve one interface thoroughly by the abdomen in the saturating therapy equipment of connecting line and abdomen and is connected;
The saturating therapy equipment of described abdomen comprises that abdomen treats three-way magnetic valve, intraperitoneal catheter extension, waste fluid container, negative pressure pump thoroughly, two interfaces that this abdomen is treated three-way magnetic valve thoroughly are connected with waste fluid container with the intraperitoneal catheter extension with the waste liquid discharge line by the filled pipeline of peritoneal dialysis liquid respectively, this peritoneal dialysis liquid fills on the pipeline piezometer is housed, on this waste liquid discharge line the light scopometer is housed, this negative pressure pump is by exhaust pipe and waste fluid container internal communication, this waste fluid container places on the poidometer, and its bottom side is provided with waste liquid and discharges electromagnetic valve;
Described automatic control system comprises an ARM single-chip microcomputer that the signal of collecting is put in order and programmed, the signal input interface of this ARM single-chip microcomputer is connected to former water treatment programs module respectively, the treatment procedure module, revise treatment procedure module and safety monitoring program module, its signal output interface is connected to analog line driver, this analog line driver drives the pressure pump that is subjected to ARM single-chip microcomputer instruction control, the two-chamber proportioning pump, negative pressure pump, three-way magnetic valve, waste liquid is discharged electromagnetic valve, ultraviolet ray disinfector, constant temperature electric heater, finish former water treatment, peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation and abdomen are treated overall process thoroughly, and described ARM single-chip microcomputer is connected with liquid crystal touch screen and the record important information that is used to show and revise treatment procedure, and it is printable, the IC-card recording equipment and the audible-visual annunciator of drawing a diagram.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model and beneficial effect are:
1. the main advantage of this utility model be intended to catchment processing, peritoneal dialysis liquid manufacturing and automatization's peritoneal dialysis treatment is one, realized the treatment of totally enclosed type one machine, reduced infection chance.Intermediate link reduces, consumable quantity reduces, and medical expense is descended significantly.
2. this equipment has absorbed CAPD and APD advantage separately, has realized that patient's automated dialysis at night is treated, the purpose of the study and work that does as usual in the daytime.Device structure and operation sequence are obviously simplified, and cost significantly reduces.Advantage 1 and 2 can make uremia's treatment cost drop to the level that domestic Most patients can both be accepted.
3. prescription key of the present utility model is " safety "; The specification requirement of most critical is " aseptic "; Prevent that peritonitis from being the emphasis of prevention in the treatment.Because of using, repetition sterilization process and multiple safety monitoring means have been designed in basic unit's family oriented.And the operation of system, use, maintenance, related personnel's training and examination formulated a whole set of regulation.
4. this utility model is based on basic unit's family oriented use, requires dependable performance, is convenient to operation, is convenient to safeguard and parts replacement.Therefore, system structure design has been selected modular assembly type for use.At the needs that patient can not stop to treat in a day, the native system design has standby functions.In case some link breaks down, can adopt the CAPD mode to replace temporarily.Application of the present utility model requires medical institutions at county level to be provided with the peritoneal dialysis center, is responsible for medical treatment guidance and maintenance of equipment.Require the new patient at first center hospitalization 1~3 month, so that adjust therapeutic scheme, family members accept training the same period, change the family oriented treatment afterwards again over to.
5. social benefit of the present utility model is, make because of the restriction of economic problems and local medical condition and can not get uremic patient that dialysis treatment the is at death's door chance that obtains medical treatment again, break away from ailing torment and dead threat, also make their family regain peaceful and harmonious.The teenager that allows the person between twenty and fifty that due to illness lose working opportunity and interrupt school work is resumed work and learn, returns social again; For physical resources and annual number that country's saving is a large amount of are paid wages in 10,000,000,000 payment for medical care.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The described simple automatic peritoneal dialysis equipment of present embodiment is made up of former water treatment facilities, peritoneal dialysis liquid device for formulating, the saturating therapy equipment of abdomen and automatic control system four parts.
Referring to Fig. 1, the described former water treatment facilities of present embodiment is by rawwater filtration device 2, EDIelectric deionizing device 4, Ilevel counter-osmosis device 3 and IIlevel counter-osmosis device 5 constitute, these rawwater filtration device 2 its water inlets directly are connected with water source 1, its outlet is connected with these Ilevel counter-osmosis device 3 water inlets, these Ilevel counter-osmosis device 3 outlets are connected with these EDI electric deionizingdevice 4 water inlets, these EDI electric deionizingdevice 4 outlets are connected with these IIlevel counter-osmosis device 5 water inlets, these IIlevel counter-osmosis device 5 outlets are prepared three-waymagnetic valve 8 one interfaces by connecting line with the peritoneal dialysis liquid in the peritoneal dialysis liquid device for formulating and are connected, andconductivity meter 6 and light scopometer 7 are housed on this connecting line.
Water source shown in Fig. 11 is a tap water.Except that tap water, it is the water source that the person of having ready conditions also can adopt distilled water/pure water.This class water all has supply (as 160 yuan of the distilled water prices in 200 liters every barrel in Beijing) than the big city.When water source 1 adopts distilled water/pure water, can remove rawwater filtration device 2 and Ilevel counter-osmosis device 3 in the above-mentioned water treatment facilities, water source 1 perhaps can reach prescription through the twin-stage reverse-osmosis treated separately directly through EDI electric deionizingdevice 4 and IIlevel counter-osmosis device 5.
In addition, in the relatively poor rural area of condition, also can adopt well water and spring water is water source 1.Well water and spring water are taken from natural environment, and water quality is relatively poor relatively., needed to be filtered by filter through the sedimentation tank precipitation by water pump after well is extracted out, macromolecule Organic substances such as the colloidal particles in the reuse ultrafilter removal water, pathogenic microorganism, pyrogen, protein are made distilled water through small-sized distillator then.Can be transferred to EDI electric deionizingdevice 4 and 5 processing of II level counter-osmosis device afterwards, or handle, make peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation water up to standard through the twin-stage counter-osmosis device.
Above-mentioned rawwater filtration device 2 is the multilamellar candle filter, and its bottom is the high technology ceramics filter element, has the micropore of 0.3~0.7 μ m; Layer second from the bottom is active carbon and high density adhesive-bonded fabric filter screen; Layer third from the bottom is a resinbed; The superiors are the secondary filter layer.
Above-mentioned Ilevel counter-osmosis device 3 and IIlevel counter-osmosis device 5 constitute by a pressure pump and a counter-osmosis device, pressure vessel for reverse osmosis and core members reverse osmosis membrane that this counter-osmosis device is made by rustless steel or glass-reinforced plastic material constitute, this reverse osmosis membrane adopts acetate fiber or polyamide material, reverse osmosis membrane aperture≤10 * 10-10M.
Above-mentioned EDI electric deionizingdevice 4 generally is made of dc source, water pump, tank and yin, yang ion exchange membrane and exchanger resin, and ion moves under the driving of electric field, and moisture is become dense water and fresh water, and the deionization ability is 99%.
Above-mentionedconductivity meter 6 and light scopometer 7 are as the auxiliary monitoring instrument, be intended to prove whether above-mentioned substance is thoroughly removed in the injection water after the processing, cause the possibility of infection with eliminating, and the testing result of conductivity and light turbidity can show at the liquid crystal display screen in the peritoneal dialysis automatic control system, and preestablish alarm range.Therefore, water as the preparation peritoneal dialysis solution, meets the prescription of pharmacopeia regulation fully after this above-mentioned former water treatment facilities is handled.
Still referring to Fig. 1, the described peritoneal dialysis liquid device for formulating of present embodiment is by the first two-chamber proportioning pump 9, the second two-chamber proportioning pump 13, devices such as peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-waymagnetic valve 8 and peritoneal dialysisliquid container 15 are formed, these first two-chamber proportioning pump, 9 two liquid inlets connect the peritoneal dialysis liquid concentratingagents 11 of penetrating agent 10 (penetratingagent 10 is generally 10% Glucose Liquid) and flexible package respectively, its liquid outlet is connected by connecting line another interface with this peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-waymagnetic valve 8, the 3rd interface of this peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-waymagnetic valve 8 is connected by the liquid inlet of connecting line with this second two-chamber proportioning pump 13,conductivity meter 12 is housed on this connecting line, the liquid outlet of this second two-chamber proportioning pump 13 is connected with the peritoneal dialysis liquid import of this peritoneal dialysisliquid container 15 by connecting line,effusion meter 14 is housed on this connecting line, this peritoneal dialysisliquid container 15 places 1 meter, patient's 26 healths top bysupport 27, be provided withultraviolet ray disinfector 16 and constant temperatureelectric heater 17 in it, the interface that the peritoneal dialysis liquid natural gravity leakage fluid dram of this peritoneal dialysisliquid container 15 is treated three-waymagnetic valve 18 thoroughly by the abdomen in the saturating therapy equipment of connecting line and abdomen is connected.
Among the figure, the first two-chamber proportioning pump 9 reasonably mixes peritoneal dialysis liquid concentratingagents 11, penetratingagent 10 in revising the ratio that treatment procedure is set in the automatic control system, to improve the osmotic pressure of peritoneal dialysis liquid, increases ultrafiltration volume.
Among the figure, the ratio that the second two-chamber proportioning pump 13 is set in doctor's advice treatment procedure in the automatic control system with preparation dilute with water concentrating agents, is mixed with the peritoneal dialysis liquid of standard, and pumps into the peritoneal dialysisliquid container 15 at high 1 meter.
Among the figure, the Manufactured peritoneal dialysis liquid conductivity ofconductivity meter 12 monitorings.Be 13.8~14.1 μ s/cm its normal range.Report to the police when exceeding normal range.
Among the figure, the each liquid measure of injecting peritoneal dialysisliquid container 15 ofeffusion meter 14 controls is 2000 milliliters.
Among the figure,ultraviolet ray disinfector 16 is eliminated the pathogenic microorganism that may remain in the peritoneal dialysis liquid.
Among the figure, constant temperatureelectric heater 17 guarantees that the peritoneal dialysis liquid that enterspatient 26 abdominal cavities remains at 37 ℃ ± 1 ℃ scope.Exceeding this scope reports to the police automatically.
Still referring to Fig. 1, the saturating therapy equipment of the described abdomen of present embodiment is treated three-waymagnetic valve 18 thoroughly by abdomen,intraperitoneal catheter extension 19,negative pressure pump 22,waste fluid container 23 devices such as grade are formed, two interfaces that this abdomen is treated three-waymagnetic valve 18 thoroughly are connected withwaste fluid container 23 withintraperitoneal catheter extension 19 with the waste liquid discharge line by the filled pipeline of peritoneal dialysis liquid respectively, this peritoneal dialysis liquid fills on thepipeline piezometer 20 is housed, on this waste liquid dischargeline light scopometer 21 is housed, thisnegative pressure pump 22 is by exhaust pipe andwaste fluid container 23 internal communication, thiswaste fluid container 23 places on thepoidometer 25, and its bottom side is provided with waste liquid and dischargeselectromagnetic valve 24.
Among the figure, abdomen is treated three-waymagnetic valve 18 thoroughly and is accepted automatic control part instruction, finishes filling in the saturating treatment of abdomen, reservation and discharge function by each valve opening and closing.
Among the figure,intraperitoneal catheter extension 19 gives the intraperitoneal conduit of putting 20 with the intraperitoneal operation and is connected.This part requirement high precision, anti-impervious liquid and infection.
Among the figure, 21 its effects of light scopometer are whether to have infection in the monitoring waste liquid, have both warning function.
Among the figure,piezometer 20 its critical functions are to monitor intra-abdominal pressure in real time to change, and with the information feedback collected to automatic control system.Draw out pressue-graph by the IC-card recording equipment, judge in view of the above whether peritoneal membrane function and pipeline be unobstructed, especially can utilize pressue-graph to adjust therapeutic scheme, realize the dialysis treatment intellectuality.
Among the figure,waste fluid container 23 its positions should be lower than patient's 26 horizontal positions.Utilize siphonage that the waste liquid drain is gone in the container.
Among the figure,negative pressure pump 22 for negative pressure is provided in the container, is assisted drain in case of necessity.
Among the figure, 25 its effects of weighing meter are record waste liquid gross weights.When waste liquid was full of container, waste liquid was dischargedelectromagnetic valve 24 effluent discharges.
Referring to Fig. 2, the core component of the described automatic control system of present embodiment is an ARM single-chip microcomputer that the signal of collecting is put in order and programmed, the signal input interface of this ARM single-chip microcomputer is connected to former water treatment programs module respectively, the treatment procedure module, revise treatment procedure module and safety monitoring program module, its signal output interface is connected to analog line driver, this analog line driver is accepted the instruction of Programmable Logic Controller ARM single-chip microcomputer, the pressure pump of control Ilevel counter-osmosis device 3 and IIlevel counter-osmosis device 5, the first two-chamber proportioning pump 9, the second two-chamber proportioning pump 13,negative pressure pump 22, peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation three-waymagnetic valve 8, abdomen is treated three-waymagnetic valve 18 thoroughly, waste liquid is dischargedelectromagnetic valve 24,ultraviolet ray disinfector 16, constant temperatureelectric heater 17, finish former water treatment, peritoneal dialysis liquid preparation and abdomen are treated overall process thoroughly, and described ARM single-chip microcomputer is connected with liquid crystal touch screen and the record important information that is used to show and revise treatment procedure, and it is printable, the IC-card recording equipment and the audible-visual annunciator of drawing a diagram.
Stimulus part comprises among Fig. 2:
(1) former water treatment and peritoneal dialysis solution preparation procedure module:
In input information and the saturating agent process for preparation of the force (forcing) pump of water source switch, valve, counter-osmosis device, especially abdomen in two two-chamber proportioning pumps the mixed proportion of pumping different medium relevant.
(2) treatment parameter module:
Be the definite treatment procedure of doctor's advice, as fill, keep, discharge the time of each phase, the capacity of liquid, the dosage form of the saturating agent of abdomen, the concentration of penetrating agent, parameters such as the capacity of ultrafiltrate all can show on liquid crystal touch screen.
(3) revise the treatment procedure module:
1. revise penetrating agent concentration, the effluent discharge total amount that adjustment ultrafiltration volume weighing measures deducts total charging amount and equals ultrafiltration volume.When the actual measurement ultrafiltration volume is starkly lower than the doctor's advice setting value, should increase penetrating agent concentration.
2. utilize the abdominal pressure curve to judge peritoneal membrane function, it is low and the time short to fill phase pressure curve rising wave amplitude, and peritoneal membrane function is high Rotation type; Too high and the overlong time of pressure curve rising wave amplitude is low Rotation type.Both therapeutic effect are poor.High average Rotation type falls between, and therapeutic effect is good.
3. adjust retention period and ejection time time with the abdominal pressure curve, revise therapeutic scheme by liquid crystal display screen with interactive mode, embodied intelligent dialysis treatment to improve therapeutic effect modification treatment procedure module.
(4) safety detection module:
By the quality and the temperature of thermometer, piezometer, conductivity meter, light scopometer monitoring preparation water and peritoneal dialysis solution, whether the pipeline of dialysis solution operation is unobstructed, and whether therapeutic process exists infection.
This part is provided with the sound and light alarm scope, can trigger acoustic-optic alarm.