CN201701286U - Proximal femoral nail system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a proximal femoral nail system, which is formed by combining a hollow intramedullary nail, a group of tail nails, a lag screw and an interlocking screw, wherein an oblique lag screw hole is drilled on the near end of the intramedullary nail, and a long slot hole for penetrating through the interlocking screw is drilled at the opposite far end; the lag screw hole at the near end is an elliptical hole for preventing the intramedullary nail to rotate; the lag screw is formed by combining a rotary blade, a sliding sleeve nut, a connecting screw and a connecting sleeve pipe, wherein the upper part of the rotary blade is provided with a group of spiral slots, and the tail part of the rotary blade and the front part of the sliding sleeve nut are respectively provided with mutually engaged end teeth; and the engaged connection of the tail part of the rotary blade and the sliding sleeve nut is realized through the connecting screw, the connecting sleeve pipe is sleeved on the sliding sleeve nut and the rotary blade after being combined, and the outer surface of the connecting sleeve pipe is an elliptical cylindrical surface corresponding to the elliptical hole of the intramedullary nail. The proximal femoral nail system is particularly suitable for treating femoral intertrochanteric fractures of osteoporosis patients, is convenient for inserting the intramedullary nail from the peak of a tuberosity and facilitates surgical operation.

Description

A kind of PFN system

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of orthopedic fixation device material, a kind of specifically a kind of internal fixation apparatus that is used for treating the femoral bone tuberosity surrounding fracture.

Background technology

The femoral bone tuberosity surrounding fracture mainly comprises neck of femur substrate, femoral intertrochanteric and fractura subtrochanterica, belongs to fractured near end of thighbone.Femoral trochanter portion is the multiple position of senile osteoporosis, and in recent decades along with the raising of the average life span, osteoporotic sickness rate significantly improves, thereby senile femoral bone tuberosity peritrochanteric fracture also significantly improves.

The internal fixation apparatus of treatment femur intertrochanteric fracture at present, mainly contains two big classes, and a class is hip slip forcing screw, 95 ° of gussets or anatomical form near end of thighbone blade plate; Another kind of is the gamma intramedullary pin.At present the concrete structure pattern of gamma intramedullary pin has multiplely, and typical gamma intramedullary pin has two kinds: a kind ofly form (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) by a main nail, a lag screw, two cross locking screws; PFN) or the like another kind in order to improve capital anti-verticity, has increased an anti-screw (as shown in Figure 3) that revolves again on the lag screw next door, also has utility model patent (notification number CN2640425Y, title:.

More than several PFNs for treatment tuberosity surrounding fracture its pluses and minuses are arranged respectively, but they have a common shortcoming, promptly not good enough for senile osteoporosis patient effect.Common problem is: hold is not enough, and lag screw easily cuts out, operation easier is bigger; Two lag screws of use shown in Figure 3, local bone destruction is more etc.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of PFN system that is more suitable for treating surrounding fracture between senile (sufferers of osteoporosis face) tuberosity.

For achieving the above object, this utility model is taked following design:

A kind of PFN system, constitute by the intramedullary pin of a hollow, one group of tail nail, lag screw and inter-locking screw, offer the oblique lag screw hole of passing for lag screw on the intramedullary pin near-end, offer the long slot bore that passes for inter-locking screw on the far-end; It is characterized in that: the lag screw hole of described near-end is in order to prevent the elliptical aperture of lag screw rotation; Described lag screw is a swivel knife chip lag screw, it is constituted by rotating blade, sliding sleeve nut, attachment screw and joint sleeve, wherein, the top of rotating blade is provided with one group of helicla flute, and the tail end of rotating blade and sliding sleeve nut front end are equipped with mutual snappable tooth; The tooth of the tooth of rotating blade tail end and sliding sleeve nut front end is realized being connected by attachment screw; Described joint sleeve is enclosed within on the sliding sleeve nut and rotating blade after the combination, and the elliptic cylinder of this joint sleeve is corresponding with the elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin.

The front end of described sliding sleeve nut is provided with end tooth, in establish screw thread, outer surface is oblate.The head of described attachment screw is provided with boss, and afterbody is provided with interior hexagonal hole; The outer surface of described joint sleeve is elliptic cylinder (adapting with the elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin), its endoporus, and one is cylindrical hole (matching with the column part of rotating blade); The other end is flat round hole (matching with the outer flat face of sliding sleeve nut).During assembling, earlier the boss with attachment screw is stuck in the half slot of rotating blade, again with rotating blade, attachment screw, sliding sleeve nut sleeve on joint sleeve, at this moment, the screw that is rotatably connected can make end tooth and mutual interlock of the tooth on the rotating blade or disengagement on the sliding sleeve nut.

Described inter-locking screw has six sides bottom, and is provided with female thread bottom six sides, and the inter-locking screw head is a self-taped type.

Described tail nail has long rod type and quarter butt type two classes.Each class is provided with four again and exposes (intramedullary pin) length specification.

This utility model advantage:

1) this PFN system is particularly suitable for the femoral bone tuberosity surrounding fracture of sufferers of osteoporosis face.Because rotating blade has roomy contact area, when squeezing into lag screw, when rotating blade enters while rotating, spongy bone is tamped around the rotating blade.Theory and evidence, the anchor that can improve screw blade after sclerotin tamps is made a concerted effort, is increased stability, reduces the probability that lag screw cuts out.

2) this near end of thighbone interlocking intramedullary nail system, intramedullary pin (main nail) has 5 ° valgus angle, is more suitable for Asian skeleton characteristics--and be convenient to insert intramedullary pin, make things convenient for operation technique from the tuberosity summit.

3) this PFN system is provided with two types tail nail, lag screw is had can realize the fixing and two kinds of operation plans of stationary of motorization.

4) this PFN system is provided with 0mm, 5mm, 10mm, four kinds of tail medicated caps of 15mm exposed length specification.For the crowd that tuberosity varies in size, can guarantee that lag screw is in the rational position in neck of femur cross section, it is reasonable to make the tail medicated cap expose intramedullary pin length again.

5) inter-locking screw six side's bottom outlet inside have additional internal thread hole, during operation, hollow screwdriver, tie rod, inter-locking screw three are fused; This inter-locking screw is self-taped type (not needing the screw tap tapping in the operation), can directly be screwed into inter-locking screw after the boring, and these all are that operation has brought convenience.

Fig. 1 is prior art one typical gamma intramedullary pin example structure sketch map;

Description of drawings

Fig. 2 is another typical gamma intramedullary pin example structure sketch map of prior art;

Fig. 3 is the another intramedullary pin example structure of a prior art sketch map;

Fig. 4 is this utility model PFN system structure sketch map;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of this utility model intramedullary pin (main body);

Fig. 6 is the assembly structure sketch map of this utility model lag screw;

Fig. 7 is the rotating blade sketch map of this utility model lag screw;

Fig. 8 is the sliding sleeve nut sketch map of this utility model lag screw;

Fig. 9 is the attachment screw sketch map of this utility model lag screw;

Figure 10 is the joint sleeve sketch map of this utility model lag screw;

Figure 11 is this utility model long rod type tail medicated cap sketch map;

Figure 12 is this utility model quarter butt type tail medicated cap sketch map;

Figure 13 is the structural representation of this utility model inter-locking screw;

Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments this utility model is described in further details:

The specific embodiment

Consult shown in Figure 4ly, this utility model PFN system is constituted byintramedullary pin 1,lag screw 2,tail nail 3 and 4 four parts of inter-locking screw.

As shown in Figure 5, described intramedullary pin is a hollow, and the thick far-end of near-end is thin, and wide section and thin diameter section intersection are provided with 4～6 ° outer drift angle (that is intra medullary nail far-end thin neck section axis and near-end thick neck section axis be 5 ° outer drift angle).Offer the oblique lag screw hole of passing for lag screw 11 on the intramedullary pin near-end, this lag screw hole 11 is elliptical aperture (preventing the lag screw rotation).Offer the long slot bore 12 that passes for inter-locking screw on the far-end.Be provided with the screwed hole that connects the tail medicated cap in the intramedullary pin proximal end.Proximal diameter is generally φ 15-18mm and is advisable, and distal diameter can be provided with a plurality of specifications.

Figure 6 shows that the lag screw component drawings: comprise rotatingblade 21, slidingsleeve nut 22,attachment screw 23, joint sleeve 24.Lag screw 2 is the important innovation parts of this utility model.Referring to diagram, the rotatingblade 21 of this lag screw is provided with one group of (many can be more than three)helicla flute 211, can be more than three, and four is good, is used for operation and pushes spongy bone, increases anchor and makes a concerted effort, and clinical effectiveness is excellent.The front portion of the afterbody of lag screw rotating blade and sliding sleeve nut is equipped with end tooth; Describedjoint sleeve 24 is enclosed within outside rotating blade, attachment screw and the sliding sleeve nut after the combination.The elliptic cylinder of this joint sleeve and the elliptical aperture of lag screw adapt.Be stuck in attachment screw when rotation on the rotating blade, can make the tooth on the rotating blade and the mutual interlock of tooth or the disengagement of sliding sleeve nut.The polished rod part and the sliding sleeve nut of rotating blade all place in the joint sleeve, and wherein rotating blade can rotate in joint sleeve, and the sliding sleeve nut can only move in joint sleeve.

Shown in Figure 7 is lag screw rotating blade monomer structure sketch map, and rotatingblade 21 is provided with the big and dark helicla flute of area 211.The end of screw blade is provided withend tooth 213, is provided with semicircleannular groove 212 near the end.During use, the boss of attachment screw can stick into the half slot of screw blade, and rotary screw can makeend tooth 221 interlocks ofend tooth 213 with the sliding sleeve nut of screw blade.

As shown in Figure 8, slidingsleeve nut 22 be provided withend tooth 221,female thread 222 and flat 223 (both sides, the face of cylinder respectively prune a part and form flat).Sliding sleeve nut flat inserted in theflat hole 243 of one of joint sleeve.

As shown in Figure 9,attachment screw 23, front end are provided withboss 231, and the other end is provided with interior six sides 232.Boss 231 may be stuck in the semicircleannular groove 212 of rotating blade during assembling, and its threaded portion can be screwed in the sliding sleeve nut.After the assembling, duringattachment screw 23 rotation, slidingsleeve nut 22 is moved, thus theend tooth 213 that makesend tooth 221 and screw blade end on sliding sleeve nut interlock or unclamp mutually.

As shown in figure 10,joint sleeve 24, outer surface are elliptic cylinder; Inner surface (hole), an end are circular hole 242 (can cooperate with the rotating blade column part), and the other end is oblate hole 243 (flat the matching of this oblate Kong Keyu sliding sleeve nut).

This utility model PFN system also is provided with two kinds of (long rod type and quarter butt type)tail nails 3, can be contained in the intramedullary pin afterbody during use; Use quarter butt type tail nail and can make lag screw realize the motorization operation plan, use long rod type tail nail and can make lag screw realize the stationary operation plan.

This utility model long rod type tail nail and quarter butt type tail nail respectively are provided with four length specifications (length specification that exposes intramedullary pin): 0mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm.The elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin to the distance of intramedullary pin tail end generally all is fixed, and always wish that clinically lag screw is in the neck of femur centre by following position, but people's tuberosity size is different, and this will make lag screw (elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin in other words) to the distance on tuberosity summit change.In order to make tail crown end equal substantially, so need the tail cap screw length of different size with the tuberosity top.

Beinter-locking screw 4 as shown in figure 13, its six side's bottom is provided with internal thread hole 41.During operation, be convenient to hollow screwdriver, stretching screw, inter-locking screw three are linked to be an integral body, screw is difficult for breaking away to fall, for operation brings very big convenience.The inter-locking screw head is provided with self tapping groove 42.Need not silk vertebra tapping in the operation, brought convenience to operation.

Operation principle of the present utility model and using method are:

When a) performing the operation, earlierintramedullary pin 1 is squeezed into pulp cavity;

B) then,lag screw 2 is passed the oblique elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin 1.When passing, beat the afterbody of lag screw gently, joint sleeve moves forward, and meanwhile, advance in the rotation of rotating blade limit, limit, limit extruding spongy bone sclerotin, and after putting in place, the screw that is rotatably connected holds together each part of lag screw.

C) again after,inter-locking screw 4 is passed the long slot bore of intramedullary pin: if inter-locking screw is vertical, by on pass the long slot bore of intramedullary pin, then intramedullary pin can form vertical motorization interlocking; If the oblique long slot bore that passes intramedullary pin of inter-locking screw, and on one side by the top of elongated slot, on one side by the bottom of elongated slot, then intramedullary pin forms static interlocking.

D) at last, the tail medicated cap is screwed into the tail end of interlocking intramedullary nail: if use long rod type tail medicated cap, at this moment, the end of bar holds out against the joint sleeve of lag screw, and then lag screw forms stationary; If use quarter butt type tail medicated cap, the end of bar does not contact the joint sleeve of lag screw, and at this moment, joint sleeve (being lag screw) can move axially in the oblique elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin, and then lag screw realization motorization is fixed.

In this femoral interlocking nail system, the implantation of lag screw parts is also quite convenient---and when beaing the lag screw afterbody gently, the rotation of rotating blade limit, limit extruding spongy bone sclerotin, limit move forward into; The screw that is rotatably connected after putting in place can hold together each part of lag screw.

The various embodiments described above can not depart from the scope of the present invention down in addition some variations, thus more than explanation comprise and accompanying drawing shown in structure should be considered as exemplary, but not in order to limit claim of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. PFN system, constitute by the intramedullary pin of a hollow, one group of tail nail, lag screw and inter-locking screw, offer the oblique lag screw hole of passing for lag screw on the intramedullary pin near-end, offer the long slot bore that passes for inter-locking screw on the far-end; It is characterized in that: the lag screw hole of described near-end is in order to prevent the elliptical aperture of lag screw rotation; Described lag screw is a swivel knife chip lag screw, it is constituted by rotating blade, sliding sleeve nut, attachment screw and joint sleeve, wherein, the top of rotating blade is provided with one group of helicla flute, and the tail end of rotating blade and sliding sleeve nut front end are equipped with mutual snappable tooth; The tooth of the tooth of rotating blade tail end and sliding sleeve nut front end is realized being connected by attachment screw; Described joint sleeve is enclosed within on the sliding sleeve nut and rotating blade after the combination, and the elliptic cylinder of this joint sleeve is corresponding with the elliptical aperture of intramedullary pin.

2. PFN according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the axis of the distal body section of described intramedullary pin and the axis of proximal body section are 5 ° outer drift angle.

3. PFN according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described rotating blade tail end offers the semicircle annular groove, and described attachment screw has the boss that may be stuck in this half slot.

4. PFN according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: described inter-locking screw has six sides bottom, and is provided with female thread bottom six sides, and the inter-locking screw head is a self-taped type.

5. PFN according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: the circular hole of described joint sleeve one end for cooperating with the rotating blade column part, and the other end is oblate hole; The inwall of described sliding sleeve nut is provided with screw thread, and the part outer wall of sliding sleeve nut is provided with flat; Flat being used to of sliding sleeve nut inserts in the flat hole of one of joint sleeve.

6. PFN according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described one group of helicla flute is more than 3.

7. PFN according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: described one group of tail nail divides long rod type and quarter butt type two classes, and each class respectively is provided with four kinds of length specification that exposes intramedullary pin: 0mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm again.

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