CN201662817U - Low power consumption smart label system based on RFID technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lower-power-consumption intelligent label system based on RFID technology, aiming at solving the contradiction that the existing active electronic label has high power consumption, the passive label has weak signals, and the application is limited, while the filed utilizing the RFID technology for charging and consuming is becoming wider and wilder along with the development of the society. The low-power-consumption intelligent label system comprises an RFID label, a card reader, an antenna for the card reader, and a back-stage management platform realizing data processing and master control, wherein the RFID label comprises a chip and a battery; the chip internally comprises a dormancy module leading the RFID label to be in the dormancy state and an interrupting wake-up module for waking up the RFID label to work after receiving the card reader; each module and unit inside the chip are connected with each other; by adopting dormancy state of the electronic label, utilizing the external wake-up interruption, and simultaneously utilizing an interruption method to receive a valid identifying code of the card reader, and then self information is sent, thus realizing low power consumption of the system. The lower-power-consumption intelligent label system is applicable to various fields, such as toll on the road and bridge, parking lot management, integrated SIM card consumption modules of mobile phones, and the like.

Description

Translated fromChinese

基于RFID技术的低功耗智能标签系统Low power consumption smart label system based on RFID technology

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及短程无线识别领域，具体是一种基于RFID技术的低功耗智能标签系统。The invention relates to the field of short-range wireless identification, in particular to a low-power intelligent label system based on RFID technology.

背景技术Background technique

RFID是Radio Frequency Identification的缩写，即射频识别，俗称电子标签，是一种非接触式的自动识别技术，它通过射频信号自动识别目标对象并获取相关数据。识别工作无须人工干预，可工作于各种恶劣环境。RFID技术可识别高速运动物体并可同时识别多个标签，操作快捷方便，在很多应用领域可以取代条形码。RFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification, that is, radio frequency identification, commonly known as electronic tags, is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which automatically identifies target objects and obtains relevant data through radio frequency signals. The identification work does not require manual intervention and can work in various harsh environments. RFID technology can identify high-speed moving objects and can identify multiple tags at the same time. It is fast and convenient to operate, and can replace barcodes in many application fields.

随着社会的发展，便捷性消费在众多领域得到应用，原有的管理方式显得滞后。例如停车管理或者高速公路管理，车辆驶入、管理人员确认车型、确定收费标准、实施收费、打开入口道闸放行等操作所有工作均由保安人工完成，这样操作复杂人员成本高昂；再比如商场收费，现有模式是通过银行卡刷卡消费，不仅需要输入密码等繁琐操作，而且存在被盗窃使用的隐患。With the development of society, convenient consumption has been applied in many fields, and the original management method seems to lag behind. For example, parking management or expressway management, all operations such as vehicle entry, management personnel confirming the model, determining the charging standard, implementing charging, and opening the entrance gate are all done manually by security guards, so the operation is complicated and the cost of personnel is high; another example is shopping mall charging , the existing mode is to use the bank card to swipe the card for consumption, which not only requires cumbersome operations such as entering a password, but also has hidden dangers of being stolen.

实用新型内容Utility model content

为了克服目前技术的不足之处，本发明的主要目的是提供一种基于RFID技术的低功耗的智能标签系统。In order to overcome the shortcomings of the current technology, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart label system with low power consumption based on RFID technology.

基于RFID技术的低功耗智能标签系统，包括RFID标签、读卡器、读卡器天线、实现数据处理和主控制的后台管理平台；所述RFID标签包括由芯片和电池组成，芯片包括编码储存单元和发射接收单元；所述读卡器包括天线接口、读写器接口、数据读写单元和无线发射芯片；所述后台管理平台包括控制设备和PC管理设备；所述RFID标签与读卡器之间无线通信连接，所述读卡器与后台管理平台之间通过读写器接口连接；读卡器中各模块相互连接，天线接口连接无线发射芯片，读写器接口连接数据读写单元；所述RFID标签为有源标签，所述芯片内部还包括一用于使RFID标签处于休眠状态的休眠模块和一接收读卡器后唤醒RFID标签工作的中断唤醒模块；芯片内部各模块及单元相互连接。A low-power smart label system based on RFID technology, including an RFID label, a card reader, a card reader antenna, and a background management platform for data processing and main control; the RFID label is composed of a chip and a battery, and the chip includes code storage unit and a transmitting and receiving unit; the card reader includes an antenna interface, a reader interface, a data reading and writing unit and a wireless transmitting chip; the background management platform includes a control device and a PC management device; the RFID tag and the card reader The wireless communication connection between the card reader and the background management platform is connected through the reader interface; the modules in the card reader are connected to each other, the antenna interface is connected to the wireless transmitting chip, and the reader interface is connected to the data reading and writing unit; The RFID tag is an active tag, and the inside of the chip also includes a dormancy module for making the RFID tag in a dormant state and an interrupt wake-up module that wakes up the work of the RFID tag after receiving a card reader; each module and unit in the chip interact with each other connect.

所述读卡器中设置有调节无线发射芯片发射功率的手动播码开关。The card reader is provided with a manual broadcasting switch for adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting chip.

所述读卡器中设置有采用TDMA技术实现同时进行多张电子标签读取的电子标签防碰撞模块，所述电子标签防碰撞模块连接数据读写单元。The card reader is provided with an electronic tag anti-collision module that uses TDMA technology to simultaneously read multiple electronic tags, and the electronic tag anti-collision module is connected to a data reading and writing unit.

所述读卡器中设置有定时自动读卡单元，定时自动读卡单元周期性检测读卡器天线感应范围内的RFID标签，自动读卡单元连接所述数据读写单元。The card reader is provided with a timing automatic card reading unit, which periodically detects RFID tags within the sensing range of the card reader antenna, and the automatic card reading unit is connected to the data reading and writing unit.

所述读写器接口包括标准韦根26接口或RS485接口，标准韦根26接口或RS485接口用于连接不同的后台管理平台。The reader interface includes a standard Wiegand 26 interface or an RS485 interface, and the standard Wiegand 26 interface or RS485 interface is used to connect to different background management platforms.

所述读卡器天线和所述天线接口之间活动连接，读卡器天线由若干种不同增益的天线组成，不同增益的天线用于选择检测RFID标签的范围。The card reader antenna is flexibly connected to the antenna interface, and the card reader antenna is composed of several antennas with different gains, and the antennas with different gains are used to select the range for detecting RFID tags.

所述读卡器天线以工作频率是2.4-2.5GHz的GFSK发射方式工作。The card reader antenna works in a GFSK transmission mode with a working frequency of 2.4-2.5GHz.

所述读卡器和RFID标签中都设有加密编码识别单元；加密编码识别单元使标签与读写器产生相互认证的机制，防止非法的读写器获取标签信息或篡改标签数据，或者伪造标签哄骗读写器。Both the card reader and the RFID tag are provided with an encryption code identification unit; the encryption code identification unit enables the tag and the reader to generate a mutual authentication mechanism, preventing illegal readers from obtaining label information or tampering with label data, or forging labels Trick the reader.

本发明的有益效果是：有源的RFID标签功耗低，电池寿命长，具备通信距离长、传输数据量大，可靠性高和兼容性好等特点，与无源RFID标签相比，在技术上的优势非常明显，但因为电池供电，并且主要的能耗是信号的无线传输，故设计时采用电子标签处于休眠状态，利用外部中断唤醒，同时利用中断方式接收读写器的有效验证码后才发送自己的信息，实现系统的低功耗。采用RFID标签与读写器相互认证的机制，防止非法的读写器获取标签信息或篡改标签数据，或者伪造标签哄骗读写器，同时通信过程中采用加密编码传输，防止明文传输的安全隐患。能够小型化到手机用SIM卡上集成，使商场消费更加方便。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the active RFID tag has the characteristics of low power consumption, long battery life, long communication distance, large amount of transmitted data, high reliability and good compatibility. The advantages are very obvious, but because the battery is powered, and the main energy consumption is the wireless transmission of the signal, the electronic tag is in a dormant state when designing, and it is awakened by an external interrupt, and at the same time, the interrupt is used to receive the valid verification code of the reader. Send your own information to achieve low power consumption of the system. The mechanism of mutual authentication between RFID tags and readers is adopted to prevent illegal readers from obtaining tag information or tampering with tag data, or forging tags to deceive readers. It can be miniaturized and integrated on the SIM card for mobile phones, making shopping malls more convenient.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合说明书附图对本实用新型进行说明：The utility model is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing of description:

图1是本实用新型的结构框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the utility model.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图1所示，基于RFID技术的低功耗智能标签系统，包括RFID标签、读卡器、读卡器天线、实现数据处理和主控制的后台管理平台；所述RFID标签为有源标签，包括由芯片和电池组成，芯片包括编码储存单元和发射接收单元，还包括一用于使RFID标签处于休眠状态的休眠模块和一接收读卡器后唤醒RFID标签工作的中断唤醒模块；芯片内部各模块及单元相互连接；As shown in Figure 1, the low-power smart label system based on RFID technology includes an RFID label, a card reader, a card reader antenna, and a background management platform for data processing and main control; the RFID label is an active label, It consists of a chip and a battery. The chip includes a code storage unit and a transmitting and receiving unit. It also includes a dormancy module for making the RFID tag in a dormant state and an interrupt wake-up module for waking up the RFID tag after receiving the card reader; Modules and units are interconnected;

所述后台管理平台包括控制设备和PC管理设备；所述RFID标签与读卡器之间无线通信连接，所述读卡器与后台管理平台之间通过读写器接口连接；所述读写器接口包括标准韦根26接口或RS485接口，本实施例中采用标准485通信的+RS485和标准485通信的-RS485双接口，均使用RS485接口通信协议；RS485通用协议输出数据的格式如表2：The background management platform includes a control device and a PC management device; the wireless communication connection between the RFID tag and the card reader is connected through a reader-writer interface between the card reader and the background management platform; the reader-writer The interface includes a standard Wiegand 26 interface or an RS485 interface. In this embodiment, the +RS485 of the standard 485 communication and the -RS485 dual interface of the standard 485 communication are used, and the RS485 interface communication protocol is used; the format of the output data of the RS485 general protocol is shown in Table 2:

1、数据开始标志STX＝02H，数据结束标志ETX＝03H；1. Data start flag STX=02H, data end flag ETX=03H;

2、DATA为读取的电子标签编号，长度为6个字节ASCII码。把编号数据转换为ASCII表示的方法是：把数据按从高到低的顺序每4位一组进行分割，再把4位二进制数的取值用ASCII码表示。由于4位二进制数的取值范围是OH～FH，因此转换后的ASCII码为30H～39H，41H～46H。例如：32位编号号数据为6A90F1H，转化为8个字节的ASCII码后为36H 41H 39H 30H 46H31H；2. DATA is the number of the read electronic tag, and the length is 6 bytes of ASCII code. The method of converting numbered data into ASCII representation is: divide the data into groups of 4 bits in order from high to low, and then express the value of the 4-bit binary number in ASCII code. Since the value range of the 4-bit binary number is OH~FH, the converted ASCII codes are 30H~39H, 41H~46H. For example: 32-bit serial number data is 6A90F1H, after converting to 8-byte ASCII code, it is 36H 41H 39H 30H 46H31H;

3、BCC为校验码，是从STX到ETX每一个字节“异或”后的结果。除了在标签编号前加上读写器地址用户编码(UIA)外，其余和RS-485公共协议一致，UIA和DATA均用ASCII码表示，UIA地址范围在0x00～0xFF，其中UIAH是读写器地址用户编码的十六进制格式的高四位，UIAL是读写器地址用户编码的十六进制格式的低四位，例如UIA为0x18，则UIAH＝0x31，UIAL＝0x38。3. BCC is the check code, which is the result of "exclusive OR" of each byte from STX to ETX. In addition to adding the reader address user code (UIA) before the label number, the rest are consistent with the RS-485 public protocol. Both UIA and DATA are represented by ASCII codes. The UIA address range is 0x00~0xFF, where UIAH is the reader The upper four bits of the address user code in hexadecimal format, UIAL is the lower four bits in the hexadecimal format of the reader address user code, for example, UIA is 0x18, then UIAH=0x31, UIAL=0x38.

所述读卡器包括天线接口、读写器接口、数据读写单元和无线发射芯片，数据读写单元用于读取数据，无线发射芯片用于通过读写器天线对RFID标签进行信息传输；所述读卡器中还设置有调节无线发射芯片发射功率的手动播码开关、采用TDMA技术实现同时进行多张电子标签读取的电子标签防碰撞模块和定时自动读卡单元；天线接口连接无线发射芯片，读写器接口连接数据读写单元；所述电子标签防碰撞模块连接数据读写单元；自动读卡单元连接所述数据读写单元；在本实施例中读卡器参数为：The card reader includes an antenna interface, a reader-writer interface, a data read-write unit and a wireless transmitting chip, the data reading-writing unit is used to read data, and the wireless transmitting chip is used to transmit information to the RFID tag through the reader-writer antenna; The card reader is also provided with a manual broadcast code switch for adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmitting chip, an electronic label anti-collision module and a timing automatic card reading unit that use TDMA technology to realize simultaneous reading of multiple electronic labels; the antenna interface is connected to the wireless Emitter chip, reader interface connects data read-write unit; Described electronic tag anti-collision module connects data read-write unit; Automatic card reader unit connects described data read-write unit; In the present embodiment, card reader parameter is:

(1)工作频率：2.4-2.5GHz；(1) Working frequency: 2.4-2.5GHz;

(2)工作方式：以GFSK发射方式工作；(2) Working method: work in GFSK transmission mode;

(3)输出功率：10±2dBm(可调)；(3) Output power: 10±2dBm (adjustable);

(4)读写距离；读卡距离≥10m。(与天线增益有关)；(4) Reading and writing distance; card reading distance ≥ 10m. (related to antenna gain);

(5)安全机制：具有电子标签防碰撞模块，能够对电子标签进行合法性检验和加密功能；(5) Security mechanism: It has an electronic tag anti-collision module, which can perform legality inspection and encryption functions on the electronic tag;

(6)读卡方式：定时自动读卡；(6) Card reading method: automatic card reading at regular intervals;

(7)供电：配有220V交流输入+12V/4A直流电输出的电源变换器；(7) Power supply: equipped with a power converter with 220V AC input + 12V/4A DC output;

(8)功耗：平均功率＜10nW；(8) Power consumption: average power <10nW;

(9)外形尺寸：13.9cm×7.9cm×3cm；(9) Dimensions: 13.9cm×7.9cm×3cm;

(10)重量：整机重量约280g；(10) Weight: The weight of the whole machine is about 280g;

(11)工作温度：-40℃～+85℃。(11) Working temperature: -40℃～+85℃.

手动播码开关调节无线发射芯片的发射功率，拨码位置与功率的对应关系如下表所示：The manual broadcast code switch adjusts the transmission power of the wireless transmitting chip. The corresponding relationship between the dial position and the power is shown in the following table:

  拨码端子1位置DIP terminal 1 position  拨码端子2位置DIP terminal 2 position  芯片的发射功率The transmit power of the chip  offoff  offoff  -20dBm-20dBm  offoff  onon  -10dBm-10dBm  onon  offoff  -5dBm-5dBm  OnOn  onon  0dBm0dBm

所述读卡器天线和所述天线接口之间活动连接，读卡器天线由若干种不同增益的天线组成；所述读卡器天线以工作频率是2.4-2.5GHz的GFSK发射方式工作；The card reader antenna is flexibly connected to the antenna interface, and the card reader antenna is composed of several antennas with different gains; the card reader antenna works in a GFSK transmission mode with a working frequency of 2.4-2.5GHz;

所述读卡器和RFID标签中都设有加密编码识别单元。Both the card reader and the RFID tag are provided with an encryption code identification unit.

读卡器的电源适配器输入端交流电源的电压及工作频率符合要求：100V~220VAC/50Hz，输出端插入读写器电源插孔，给读写器供电，系统即完成初始化过程，进入待机状态。接通读写器后，读写器即进入定时读卡状态，考虑到用户需要，读写器在出厂时已经配置了基本参数，以满足基本的操作要求。The voltage and operating frequency of the AC power supply at the input of the power adapter of the card reader meet the requirements: 100V~220VAC/50Hz. The output end is inserted into the power jack of the reader to supply power to the reader. The system then completes the initialization process and enters the standby state. After the reader is connected, the reader will enter the timing card reading state. Considering the needs of users, the reader has been configured with basic parameters before leaving the factory to meet the basic operating requirements.

在平时RFID标签由于休眠模块得控制处于休眠状态，当读卡器发送唤醒信号(即有效验证码)后被所述发射接收单元接收并传递至中断唤醒模块；中断唤醒模块命令休眠模块停止休眠控制，使编码储存单元通过发射接收单元传送信息编码给读卡器；读卡器天线接收信息编码并传递给数据读写单元；数据读写单元处理信息编码后通过读写器接口传递给后台管理平台。The RFID tag is in a dormant state due to the control of the dormant module at ordinary times. After the card reader sends a wake-up signal (i.e., a valid verification code), it is received by the transmitting and receiving unit and delivered to the interrupt wake-up module; the interrupt wake-up module orders the dormancy module to stop the dormancy control , so that the code storage unit transmits the information code to the card reader through the transmitting and receiving unit; the card reader antenna receives the information code and passes it to the data reading and writing unit; the data reading and writing unit processes the information code and passes it to the background management platform through the reader interface .

Claims (8)

1. based on the low power-consumption intelligent tag system of RFID technology, comprise the back-stage management platform of RFID label, card reader, card reader antenna, realization data processing and main control; Described RFID label comprises by chip and battery to be formed, and chip comprises coding storage element and emission receiving element; Described card reader comprises antennal interface, read write line interface, date read-write cell and wireless transmit chip; Described back-stage management platform comprises opertaing device and PC management equipment; Radio communication is connected between described RFID label and the card reader, is connected by the read write line interface between described card reader and the back-stage management platform; Each module interconnects in the card reader, and antennal interface connects the wireless transmit chip, and the read write line interface connects date read-write cell; It is characterized in that: described RFID label is an active label, and described chip internal comprises that also a sleep block that is used to make the RFID label be in dormant state and receives the interruption wake module of waking the work of RFID label after the card reader up; Each module of chip internal and unit interconnect.

2. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with in the described card reader regulate wireless transmit chip emissive power manually broadcast code switch.

3. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: be provided with in the described card reader and adopt the TDMA technology to realize carrying out simultaneously the electronic tag anticollision module that many electronic tags read; Described electronic tag anticollision module connects date read-write cell.

4. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be provided with the timing automatic card reading unit in the described card reader; Automatically card reading unit connects described date read-write cell.

5. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described read write line interface comprises standard Wei root 26 interfaces or RS485 interface.

6. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: flexibly connect between described card reader antenna and the described antennal interface, card reader antenna is made up of the antenna of some kinds of different gains.

7. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described card reader antenna is the GFSK radiation pattern work of 2.4-2.5GHz with frequency of operation.

8. the low power-consumption intelligent tag system based on the RFID technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: all be provided with the scrambled recognition unit in described card reader and the RFID label.

Images