CN201593387U - Drilling annulus pressure precise control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a drilling annulus pressure precise control system, which is used for the technical field of oil-gas field drilling. The system comprises an automatic control choke flow manifold device, a backpressure compensating device, a flow monitoring device, a bottom hole pressure measuring device while drilling and a data collecting and controlling system. The sustained bottom hole pressure computed by a hydraulic computing module in real time is used as the setting value, the required wellhead backpressure data is transmitted to the control system, and the opening degree of the throttling valve is adjusted by the automatic control system according to the backpressure value. Through monitoring the pressure, the system can respond to the changed conditions, and continuously adjust the throttling valve to maintain backpressure, or start the backpressure compensating device, and provide drilling liquid to the automatic choke flow manifold to maintain the wellhead backpressure. The utility model can maintain the bottom hole pressure to be relatively stable in dynamic and static conditions, has high automation degree, accurate control and timely adjustment, enhances the safety and reliability of the pressure-controllable drilling opening, and is suitable for the pressure-controllable drilling opening in oceans and lands.

Description

The meticulous control system of a kind of drilling well annular pressure

Technical field

The utility model relates to the oilfield drilling field of engineering technology, it is the meticulous control system of a kind of drilling well annular pressure, say further, be a kind of accurately control well eye thimble pneumatics power section, under static state and dynamic condition, realize the metastable control pressurer system of bottom pressure in the drilling process.

Background technology

At present; along with the continuous expansion of seafari exploitation scale and land to darker, more bad ground exploration and development activity is increasing; deepwater environment and deep bad ground bring many difficult problems for the control of bottom pressure in traditional drilling process; especially under the bad ground situation; because the window between pore pressure and the fracture pressure is smaller usually; regular meeting's down hole problem such as run into spray, leak, block and collapse; not only drilling period can be prolonged, but also the problem of HSE (health, safety, environment) aspect can be brought.

In order to address the above problem, the controlled pressure drilling technology that proposes recent years be carry out in the drilling process pressure controlled one than new method, the controlled pressure drilling technology is by the Comprehensive Control to wellhead back pressure, fluid density, fluid rheology, annulus liquid level height, circulation of drilling fluid frictional resistance and well physical dimension, the pressure of whole well is maintained between formation pore pressure and the fracture pressure, effectively the control formation fluid is invaded pit shaft, reduce multiple drilling complexity situations such as well kick, leakage, bit freezing, very suitable pore pressure and the narrower stratum operation of fracture pressure window.Compare with traditional overbalance drilling technology, that the controlled pressure drilling technology has is more, more effective, means and method realize the control to wellbore annulus pressure more rapidly.Compare with under-balanced drilling technology, the controlled pressure drilling technology is to be its basic point of departure to solve the drilling complexity accident, adopt nearly balance or skip over the balance mode drilling well, in the drilling process not inductively layer fluid gush out, if there is micro-formation fluid to pour in pit shaft, can passes through controlled pressure drilling equipment and safe in process, handle effectively.The controlled pressure drilling technology can solve the relevant problem of a series of and drilling pressure control, strengthened drillng operation safety and reliability, reduced financial cost.

External controlled pressure drilling technology is through years of development, formed comparatively ripe controlled pressure drilling method and relevant equipment, realized that at present the main method of controlled pressure drilling has: shaft bottom constant-voltage system, micrometeor control system, double-gradient well drilling technology, pressurized mud cap drilling technology, equivalent circulating density reduce instrument and continuous circulation system etc.These technical schemes all have its feature and scope of application separately, and the micrometeor control system can be carried out early stage overflow more accurately and be detected, but to the controlling level of borehole pressure a little less than; Pressurized mud cap drilling technology can be wasted a large amount of drilling fluids and restricted to formation condition; The double-gradient well drilling technology is mainly used in the sea, reasonable the dealing with problems of energy; Equivalent circulating density reduces instrument result of use and not obvious.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is: a kind of accurately control pressurer system of automatic control well eye thimble pneumatics power section is provided, can satisfy the different operating modes of controlled pressure drilling, be implemented under static and the dynamic condition and all keep the relatively stable of bottom pressure, can effectively control formation fluid and invade pit shaft, reduce the generation of multiple drilling complexity situations such as well kick, leakage, bit freezing, and have pressure control precision height, safe and reliable, functional, characteristics that automaticity is high.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the meticulous control system of drilling well annular pressure, mainly by swivel control head, control choke manifold, backpressure pump, mass flowmenter, bottom pressure steering tool, pressure sensor, four-phase separator, host computer, controller, data collecting system automatically and form; It is characterized in that: four-way connects three pipelines and also is divided into the three-way connection (pipe) line, and first via pipeline is connected with the swivel control head port of export after connecting first pneuamtic plate valve and first pressure sensor; The second road pipeline is connected with second pneuamtic plate valve, four-way, well control choke manifold and four-phase separator in turn, and four-phase separator is connected with mud pit by tapping line.Be connected to pipeline on the four-way of the second road pipeline, this pipeline links to each other with the well head drilling spool; The Third Road pipeline is divided into two branch roads again, and first branch road is connected with second pressure sensor in turn, controls choke manifold, the 4th pressure sensor, second mass flowmenter, vibrosieve automatically, and vibrosieve is connected with mud pit by sieve back discharging tube; Second branch road is connected with pressure sensor, pneuamtic plate valve, the 3rd pressure sensor, backpressure pump, first mass flowmenter and charge pump in turn, and the liquid feeding end of charge pump links to each other with mud pit by backpressure pump feed liquor pipeline; There is pipeline to link to each other on the four-way between second mass flowmenter in first branch road and the vibrosieve with four-phase separator; The borehole pump liquid feeding end is connected with mud pit by borehole pump feed liquor pipeline, and the borehole pump drain side links to each other with hose by pipeline; The bottom pressure steering tool is connected the top of drill bit; All pressure sensor links to each other with data collecting system by signal-transmitting cable, and data collecting system is connected with controller by bus, and controller is connected with host computer by data/address bus.Host computer adopts standard industry with the control computer, and perfect control software is arranged in the computer, can show all parameters of controlled pressure drilling, and operating personnel can be by the operation of software realization to control pressurer system.

Described automatic control choke manifold mainly is made up of pneuamtic plate valve, hydraulic control choke valve and manual flap type.Automatically the control choke manifold has four majors avenues of approach, and article one path is made up of the first manual flap type and pipeline that arrival end links to each other; On the first manual flap type entrance point pipeline, tell second path and the 3rd path again by four-way, wherein the second path is connected with the 4th pneuamtic plate valve, the first hydraulic control choke valve and the second manual flap type in turn, and the second manual flap type is connected with article one lane exit pipeline; Article three, path is connected with the 5th pneuamtic plate valve, the second hydraulic control choke valve and the 3rd manual flap type in turn, and the 3rd manual flap type is connected with article one lane exit pipeline; Article four, path is connected with the 3rd pneuamtic plate valve and the 3rd hydraulic control choke valve, and the 3rd hydraulic control choke valve is connected with article one lane exit pipeline.

The real-time measuring data of spot sensor is gathered and changed to the system data collecting unit, with extremely real-time waterpower computing unit of the data delivery of gathering in real time and real-time analysis control module.The drilling well basic parameter is input to the hydraulics computing unit by the interface, the waterpower computing unit calculates according to the parameter of input in real time, the analog result that calculates is transferred to the real-time analysis control module, analysis controlling unit is analyzed hydraulics result of calculation and real-time image data, in the time of need controlling field device at different operating modes, the real-time analysis control module sends the execution control signal to the DeltaV controller, realizes the control to relevant field device.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1, the self-choke manifold system has three independent throttling passages and a direct current channel, each throttling passage easy switching, and have the function of security alarm, rate of discharge monitoring, valve position maintenance and on-line maintenance;

2, possess the backpressure pump device, have the back pressure compensate function, backpressure pump adopts alternating current generator to drive, adopts soft starter, is controlled automatically by control system, and when system detected flow in the well and can not keep back pressure, its can be opened automatically;

3, the design of the exit of self-choke manifold system has flow meter, can accurate measurement drilling well rate of discharge, measure the flow of flow and the monitoring of backpressure pump inlet flow rate meter with well logging and compare, can measure displacement variation easily, judge whether the down-hole exists the overflow and the leakage of trace;

4, with FF field bus technique and DeltaV control technology in conjunction with the control system that forms the controlled pressure drilling device, and adopt three layers of hierarchical control structure of field device-controller-host computer control to realize control automatically, the automaticity height has improved safety, reliability and the control accuracy of drillng operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the meticulous control system structural representation of the utility model drilling well annular pressure.

Among the figure, 1. swivel control head, 2. annular preventer, 3. drilling spool, 4. bottom pressure steering tool, 5. first pressure sensor, 6. first pneuamtic plate valve, 7. four-way, 8. second pneuamtic plate valve, 9. second pressure sensor, 10. the 3rd pressure sensor, 11. the 3rd pneuamtic plate valves, 12. the first hydraulic control choke valve, 13. the 4th pneuamtic plate valves, 14. the 5th pneuamtic plate valves, 15. the second hydraulic control choke valve, 16. backpressure pumps, 17. the 3rd hydraulic control choke valves, 18. the first manual flap type, 19. the second manual flap type, 20. the 3rd manual flap types, 21. well control choke manifolds, 22. first mass flowmenter, 23. the 4th pressure sensor, 24. borehole pumps, 25. charge pumps, 26. second mass flowmenter, 27. four-phase separator, 28. tapping lines, 29. vibrosieves, 30. sieve back discharging tube, 31. backpressure pump feed liquor pipeline, 32. borehole pump feed liquor pipelines, 33. mud pits.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1: with a meticulous control system of drilling well annular pressure is example, and the utility model is described in further detail.

Consult Fig. 1.Be fixed with drilling spool 3 on the drilling well well head, the top of drilling spool 3 is fixed with annular preventer 2, is fixed with swivel control head 1 on the top of annular preventer 2.Swivel control head 1 has drilling rod and the drilling well fire hose first-class.Above downhole drill bit, be connected with bottom pressure steering tool 4.

The meticulous control system of drilling well annular pressure, mainly by swivel control head 1, control choke manifold,backpressure pump 16, mass flowmenter, bottom pressure steering tool 4, pressure sensor, four-phase separator 27, host computer, DeltaV controller, data collecting system automatically and form.

Four-way 7 connects three pipelines and is divided into the three-way connection (pipe) line, and first via pipeline connects first pneuamtic plate valve 6 and is connected with swivel control head 1 port of export with first pressure sensor, 5 backs; The second road pipeline is connected with second pneuamtic plate valve 8, four-way, wellcontrol choke manifold 21 and four-phase separator 27 in turn, and four-phase separator 27 is connected withmud pit 33 by tapping line 28.Be connected to pipeline on the four-way of the second road pipeline, this pipeline links to each other with well head drilling spool 3; The Third Road pipeline is divided into two branch roads again, first branch road is connected with second pressure sensor 9 in turn, controls choke manifold, the 4th pressure sensor 23, second mass flowmenter 26, vibrosieve 29 automatically, and vibrosieve 29 is connected withmud pit 33 by sieve back dischargingtube 30; Second branch road is connected with pressure sensor, pneuamtic plate valve 11, the3rd pressure sensor 10,backpressure pump 16, firstmass flowmenter 22 and charge pump 25 in turn, and the liquid feeding end of charge pump 25 links to each other withmud pit 33 by backpressure pump feed liquor pipeline 31; There is pipeline to link to each other on the four-way between second mass flowmenter 26 in first branch road and the vibrosieve 29 with four-phase separator 27; Boreholepump 24 liquid feeding ends are connected withmud pit 33 by borehole pumpfeed liquor pipeline 32, andborehole pump 24 drain sides link to each other with hose by pipeline; Bottom pressure steering tool 4 is connected the top of drill bit.

Automatically the control choke manifold mainly is made up of pneuamtic plate valve, hydraulic control choke valve and manual flap type.Automatically the control choke manifold has four majors avenues of approach, and article one path is made up of the firstmanual flap type 18 and pipeline that arrival end links to each other; On the firstmanual flap type 18 entrance point pipelines, tell second path and the 3rd path again by four-way, wherein the second path is connected with the 4thpneuamtic plate valve 13, the first hydrauliccontrol choke valve 12 and secondmanual flap type 19, the secondmanual flap types 19 in turn and is connected with article one lane exit pipeline; Article three, path is connected with the 5thpneuamtic plate valve 14, the second hydrauliccontrol choke valve 15 and the 3rdmanual flap type 20, the threemanual flap types 20 in turn and is connected with article one lane exit pipeline; Article four, path is connected with the 3rd pneuamtic plate valve 11 and the 3rd hydraulic control choke valve 17, the three hydraulic control choke valves 17 are connected with article one lane exit pipeline.All parts that adopt can arrive by market purchasing.

All pressure sensor links to each other with data collecting system by signal-transmitting cable, and data collecting system is connected with the DeltaV controller by bus, and the DeltaV controller is connected with host computer by data/address bus.Host computer adopts standard industry with the control computer, and perfect control software is arranged in the computer, can show the controlled pressure drilling parameter, and operating personnel can be by the operation of software realization to control pressurer system.

Claims (2)

1. meticulous control system of drilling well annular pressure, mainly by swivel control head (1), control choke manifold, backpressure pump (16), mass flowmenter, bottom pressure steering tool (4), pressure sensor, four-phase separator (27), host computer, controller, data collecting system automatically and form; It is characterized in that: four-way (7) connects three pipelines and is divided into the three-way connection (pipe) line, and first via pipeline connects first pneuamtic plate valve (6) and is connected with swivel control head (1) port of export with first pressure sensor (5) back; The second road pipeline is connected with second pneuamtic plate valve (8), four-way, well control choke manifold (21) and four-phase separator (27) in turn, four-phase separator (27) is connected with mud pit (33) by tapping line (28), be connected to pipeline on the four-way of the second road pipeline, this pipeline links to each other with well head drilling spool (3); The Third Road pipeline is divided into two branch roads again, first branch road is connected with second pressure sensor (9) in turn, controls choke manifold, the 4th pressure sensor (23), second mass flowmenter (26), vibrosieve (29) automatically, and vibrosieve (29) is connected with mud pit (33) by sieve back discharging tube (30); Second branch road is connected with pressure sensor, pneuamtic plate valve (11), the 3rd pressure sensor (10), backpressure pump (16), first mass flowmenter (22) and charge pump (25) in turn, and the liquid feeding end of charge pump (25) links to each other with mud pit (33) by backpressure pump feed liquor pipeline (31); There is pipeline to link to each other on the four-way between second mass flowmenter (26) in first branch road and the vibrosieve (29) with four-phase separator (27); Borehole pump (24) liquid feeding end is connected with mud pit (33) by borehole pump feed liquor pipeline (32), and borehole pump (24) drain side links to each other with hose by pipeline; Bottom pressure steering tool (4) is connected the top of drill bit; All pressure sensor links to each other with data collecting system by signal-transmitting cable, and data collecting system is connected with controller by bus, and controller is connected with host computer by data/address bus.

2. the meticulous control system of a kind of drilling well annular pressure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described automatic control choke manifold mainly is made up of pneuamtic plate valve, hydraulic control choke valve and manual flap type; Automatically the control choke manifold has four majors avenues of approach, and article one path is made up of the first manual flap type (18) and pipeline that arrival end links to each other; On first manual flap type (18) the entrance point pipeline, tell second path and the 3rd path again by four-way, wherein the second path is connected with the 4th pneuamtic plate valve (13), the first hydraulic control choke valve (12) and the second manual flap type (19) in turn, and the second manual flap type (19) is connected with article one lane exit pipeline; Article three, path is connected with the 5th pneuamtic plate valve (14), the second hydraulic control choke valve (15) and the 3rd manual flap type (20) in turn, and the 3rd manual flap type (20) is connected with article one lane exit pipeline; Article four, path is connected with the 3rd pneuamtic plate valve (11) and the 3rd hydraulic control choke valve (17), and the 3rd hydraulic control choke valve (17) is connected with article one lane exit pipeline.

Images