CN201119328Y - Solar greenhouse heat storage system with V-shaped panels - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

具有V型板的太阳能大棚集储热系统，涉及新能源领域，包括：外层保温材料、镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板、装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管、风机、阳光板、镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板、强化传热肋片、铝合金框架、通风门、冷空气进口和热空气出口等，铝合金框架构成整个系统的支撑结构。上表面镀有选择性吸收膜的V型铝板，能有效增加集热面积，有很大的吸收率和很小的发射率。阳光板的使用可有效起到保温作用。由于有相变储热单元，能够将部分热能储存起来供夜间和阴雨天使用，其优点是：用空气作为传热介质，从而避免渗漏、腐蚀和冻结问题；收集热量增加，热损失减少，集热效率明显提高；制作简单、成本低、使用方便；适合不同时间、地点。

The solar greenhouse heat storage system with V-shaped panels involves the field of new energy, including: outer layer insulation materials, V-shaped heat-absorbing panels coated with selective coatings, cylindrical heat storage tubes equipped with phase-change heat storage materials, The aluminum alloy frame constitutes the supporting structure of the whole system, such as fan, sunlight board, metal aluminum plate with selective coating, enhanced heat transfer fins, aluminum alloy frame, ventilation door, cold air inlet and hot air outlet, etc. The V-shaped aluminum plate coated with a selective absorption film on the upper surface can effectively increase the heat collection area, and has a large absorption rate and a small emissivity. The use of solar panels can effectively play a role in heat preservation. Due to the phase change heat storage unit, part of the thermal energy can be stored for use at night and in rainy days. Its advantages are: using air as the heat transfer medium, thereby avoiding leakage, corrosion and freezing problems; increasing heat collection, reducing heat loss, The heat collection efficiency is obviously improved; the production is simple, the cost is low, and the use is convenient; it is suitable for different times and places.

Description

Translated fromChinese

具有V型板的太阳能大棚集储热系统Solar greenhouse heat storage system with V-shaped panels

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及新能源领域，主要是太阳热能如何收集和储存以及有效为农业大棚供暖的问题，特指一种具有V型板的太阳能大棚集储热系统。The utility model relates to the field of new energy, mainly how to collect and store solar thermal energy and effectively provide heating for agricultural greenhouses, in particular to a solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system with V-shaped panels.

技术背景technical background

在太阳能大棚利用过程中，首先面临的问题就是如何收集和储存太阳热能供农作物生长所用。现有的农业大棚，大都由砖石结构的保温墙、混凝土、钢筋骨架、塑料薄膜、保温帘和夜间或阴雨天辅助加热设备等组成。这种大棚的保温墙不仅占用了有限的土地资源，而且还遮挡了很大一部分阳光。塑料薄膜的阳光透过率也比较差，使用年限较短。大棚的整体保温性能也不好，这无形中增加了传统常规能源的消耗量，同时也降低了农作物的产量。In the process of using solar greenhouses, the first problem is how to collect and store solar heat for crop growth. Most of the existing agricultural greenhouses are composed of masonry insulation walls, concrete, steel frame, plastic film, insulation curtains and auxiliary heating equipment at night or in rainy days. The thermal insulation wall of this greenhouse not only takes up limited land resources, but also blocks a large part of sunlight. The sunlight transmittance of the plastic film is also relatively poor, and the service life is relatively short. The overall thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse is not good, which virtually increases the consumption of traditional conventional energy and reduces the yield of crops.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了避免和克服上述不足，本实用新型的目的是提供一种能够有效吸收太阳热能，减少散热损失，能尽快将所收集的热能传给农业大棚，并且能将多余的热能储存，供阴雨天或者夜晚使用的具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统。In order to avoid and overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a device that can effectively absorb solar heat energy, reduce heat loss, transfer the collected heat energy to agricultural greenhouses as soon as possible, and store excess heat energy for rainy days or The V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system is used at night.

本实用新型的技术方案为：The technical scheme of the utility model is:

具有V型板的太阳能大棚集储热系统包括：风机、铝合金框架、通风门、冷空气进口和热空气出口，其特征是：设有外层保温材料、镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板、装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管、阳光板、镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板、强化传热肋片，由铝合金框架构成整个系统的支撑结构，阳光板安装于铝合金框架的四周及顶部，能有效使太阳光透过并起到保温作用，系统南边由内向外是由强化传热肋片、镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板、装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管、镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板和阳光板构成的集储热结构，强化传热肋片焊接在金属铝板上，系统北边由内向外是由阳光板、风机、镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板、装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管、外层保温材料构成的集储热结构，在北边的阳光板下部要开两个方形孔，作为冷空气进口，在其上部开一个方形孔并将风机安装在其中，作为热空气出口。The solar greenhouse heat storage system with V-shaped panels includes: fans, aluminum alloy frames, ventilation doors, cold air inlets and hot air outlets, and is characterized by: V-shaped panels with outer insulation materials and selective coating Heat-absorbing plates, cylindrical heat storage tubes equipped with phase-change heat storage materials, solar panels, metal aluminum plates coated with selective coatings, heat transfer fins, the supporting structure of the entire system is composed of aluminum alloy frames, and solar panels are installed Around and on the top of the aluminum alloy frame, it can effectively let sunlight pass through and play a role in heat preservation. The south side of the system is composed of enhanced heat transfer ribs, metal aluminum plates coated with selective coating, and phase change storage. The thermal storage structure is composed of cylindrical heat storage tubes of thermal materials, V-shaped heat absorbing plates coated with selective coating and solar panels. The enhanced heat transfer fins are welded on metal aluminum plates. The north side of the system is composed of solar panels from inside to outside. , fan, V-shaped heat-absorbing plate coated with selective coating, cylindrical heat-storage tube equipped with phase-change heat-storage material, and heat-storage structure composed of outer heat-insulating material. A square hole is used as a cold air inlet, and a square hole is opened on its top and a fan is installed therein as a hot air outlet.

外层保温材料常用聚氨酯发泡材料，V型吸热板由平面铝板轧制成90°，再在上面镀上一层选择性涂层，选择性涂层为NiCrO_XN_Y或TiOyNx。镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板的选择性涂层同样为NiCrO_XN_Y或TiOyNx。装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管是在金属管中填装石蜡或十水硫酸钠储热材料，再将管子两端密封而得到的储热单元。Polyurethane foam is commonly used as the outer insulation material. The V-shaped heat-absorbing plate is rolled from a flat aluminum plate to 90°, and then coated with a selective coating on it. The selective coating is NiCrO_X N_Y or TiOyNx. The selective coating of the metal aluminum plate with selective coating is also NiCrO_X N_Y or TiOyNx. The cylindrical heat storage tube equipped with phase change heat storage material is a heat storage unit obtained by filling a metal tube with paraffin wax or sodium sulfate decahydrate heat storage material, and then sealing the two ends of the tube.

其工作过程为：在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的南边，太阳光透过阳光板进入集储热结构，被镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板吸收转化为热能，该热量进一步传递给装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管，使管内的相变材料熔化，完成储热过程，一部分热量会通过镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板和强化传热肋片直接传递给大棚内部，加热其中的空气，装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管储存的热量，可供夜间使用。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的北边，太阳光先透过系统顶部的阳光板，然后才进入集储热结构，工作过程和系统南边集储热结构相似，所不同的是该集储热结构是将收集的太阳热能储存起来，供夜间使用，系统的最北边安装有外层保温材料，目的是减少装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管对外界的热损失。在白天，北边阳光板上的风机关闭，集储热结构收集并储存能量，在夜间，将风机打开，热空气由上部的热空气出口进入大棚加热空气，冷空气由下部的两个冷空气进口补充。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的中部，太阳光直接透过阳光板照射在地面和农作物上，给大棚加热。Its working process is as follows: on the south side of the V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system, sunlight enters the heat storage structure through the sun panel, and is absorbed by the V-shaped heat-absorbing plate coated with selective coating and converted into heat energy. The heat is further transferred to the cylindrical heat storage tube equipped with phase change heat storage material, so that the phase change material in the tube is melted to complete the heat storage process, and part of the heat will pass through the metal aluminum plate coated with selective coating and the enhanced heat transfer fins Transfer to the interior of the greenhouse to heat the air in it, and the heat stored in the cylindrical heat storage tubes equipped with phase change heat storage materials can be used at night. On the north side of the V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat storage system, the sunlight first passes through the solar panel on the top of the system, and then enters the heat storage structure. The working process is similar to the heat storage structure in the south of the system, the difference is that The heat storage structure is to store the collected solar heat for use at night. The northernmost part of the system is equipped with an outer layer of insulation material to reduce the heat loss of the cylindrical heat storage tubes equipped with phase change heat storage materials to the outside world. During the day, the fan on the north sun panel is turned off, and the heat storage structure collects and stores energy. At night, the fan is turned on, and the hot air enters the greenhouse from the upper hot air outlet to heat the air, and the cold air enters from the lower two cold air inlets. Replenish. In the middle part of the V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system, sunlight directly shines on the ground and crops through the solar panels to heat the greenhouse.

本实用新型的优点是：一、本系统能有效增加太阳能集热面积；二、由于镀上了选择性吸收薄膜，使吸热板有很大的吸收率和很小的发射率。三、由阳光板代替了传统太阳能大棚中的塑料薄膜，降低了系统整体的热损失。四、装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管吸收了部分的集热能量，使系统内外温差减小，热损失减少。五、由于有相变储热单元，能够将部分热能储存起来，供夜间和阴雨天使用。六、由于集热效率、保温效果都比传统的塑料大棚好，因此能够得到较高的棚内温度，使农作物进一步增产。The advantages of the utility model are: 1. The system can effectively increase the solar heat collecting area; 2. Because the selective absorbing film is plated, the heat absorbing plate has a large absorption rate and a small emissivity. 3. The plastic film in the traditional solar greenhouse is replaced by the solar panel, which reduces the overall heat loss of the system. 4. The cylindrical heat storage tube equipped with phase change heat storage material absorbs part of the heat collection energy, so that the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the system is reduced, and the heat loss is reduced. 5. Due to the phase change heat storage unit, part of the heat energy can be stored for use at night and in rainy days. 6. Because the heat collection efficiency and heat preservation effect are better than those of traditional plastic greenhouses, a higher temperature inside the greenhouse can be obtained, which further increases the yield of crops.

此外，可以利用空气作为传热介质，从而避免渗漏、腐蚀和冻结问题；集热和储热结合为一体，因此可以解决太阳能不能连续供应的问题；装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管吸收了部分的集热能量，使系统内外温差减小，热损失减少；用镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板集热，可有效增大集热面积，并使吸热板吸收的太阳辐射更多，反射的更少；制作简单、成本低、使用方便；适合不同时间、地点，将对太阳能热利用和农业产生积极影响。In addition, air can be used as a heat transfer medium, thereby avoiding leakage, corrosion and freezing problems; heat collection and heat storage are integrated, so it can solve the problem that solar energy cannot be continuously supplied; cylindrical heat storage materials equipped with phase change heat storage materials The heat pipe absorbs part of the heat collection energy, which reduces the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the system and reduces heat loss; the V-shaped heat-absorbing plate coated with selective coating can effectively increase the heat-collecting area and make the heat-absorbing plate absorb heat. The solar radiation is more and the reflection is less; the production is simple, the cost is low, and the use is convenient; it is suitable for different times and places, and will have a positive impact on solar thermal utilization and agriculture.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合附图和实例对本实用新型作进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example the utility model is described further.

图1是本实用新型示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the utility model.

如图所示，图中标号分别代表：1.外层保温材料  2.冷空气进口  3.热空气出口  4.阳光板  5.强化传热肋片  6.镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板  7.铝合金框架  8.镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板  9.装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管  10.通风门。As shown in the figure, the numbers in the figure respectively represent: 1. Outer insulation material 2. Cold air inlet 3.Hot air outlet 4.Sunshine panel 5. Enhanced heat transfer fins 6. Metal aluminum plate with selective coating 7 .Aluminum alloy frame 8. V-shaped heat absorbing plate coated withselective coating 9. Cylindrical heat storage tube equipped with phase changeheat storage material 10. Ventilation door.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图所示，由铝合金框架7构成整个具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的外部骨架，起支撑作用。将平面铝板用特制轧机轧制成90度角的V型板，再在V型板上表面镀上一层选择性吸收薄膜，薄膜材料为TiOyNx，便得到了镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板8。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的南边，由内向外依次安装镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板6，并将强化传热肋片5焊接在镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板6上，装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管9，相变储热材料为石蜡，镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板8和阳光板4。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的北边，由内向外依次安装阳光板4，并在阳光板4上部开一个方孔，安装上风机，作为热空气出口3，在阳光板下部开两个方孔，作为冷空气进口2，镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板8，装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管9和外层保温材料1。将阳光板4安装在铝合金框架7上，作为具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的侧面和顶棚。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的西边安装一个通风门10，供大棚通风和人员走动使用。As shown in the figure, the aluminum alloy frame 7 constitutes the entire external framework of the V-shaped plate solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system, which plays a supporting role. The flat aluminum plate is rolled into a V-shaped plate with a 90-degree angle by a special rolling mill, and then a layer of selective absorption film is coated on the surface of the V-shaped plate. The film material is TiOyNx, and a V-shaped plate with a selective coating is obtained. Heat absorbingplate 8. On the south side of the V-shaped plate solar greenhouse heat storage system, themetal aluminum plate 6 coated with selective coating is installed sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the enhancedheat transfer ribs 5 are welded to themetal aluminum plate 6 coated with selective coating On the top, there is a cylindricalheat storage tube 9 equipped with a phase-change heat storage material, which is paraffin, a V-shaped heat-absorbingplate 8 and asolar panel 4 coated with a selective coating. On the north side of the V-shaped plate solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system, thesun panels 4 are installed sequentially from the inside to the outside, and a square hole is opened in the upper part of thesun panel 4, and an upper fan is installed as the hot air outlet 3, and two openings are opened in the lower part of the sun panel. A square hole is used as a cold air inlet 2, a V-shapedheat absorbing plate 8 coated with a selective coating, a cylindricalheat storage tube 9 and an outerlayer insulation material 1 equipped with a phase change heat storage material. Thesolar panel 4 is installed on the aluminum alloy frame 7 as the side and ceiling of the V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system. Aventilation door 10 is installed on the west side of the V-shaped plate solar greenhouse heat storage system for ventilation and personnel movement in the greenhouse.

在实际应用时，在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的南边，太阳光透过阳光板4进入集储热结构，被镀有选择性涂层的V型吸热板8吸收转化为热能，该热量进一步传递给装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管9，使管内的相变材料熔化，完成储热过程，一部分热量会通过镀有选择性涂层的金属铝板6和强化传热肋片5直接传递给大棚内部，加热其中的空气，其余储存的热量供夜间使用。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的北边，太阳光先透过系统顶部的阳光板4，然后才进入集储热结构，工作过程和系统南边集储热结构相似，所不同的是该集储热结构是将收集的太阳热能储存起来，供夜间使用，系统的最北边安装有外层保温材料1，目的是减少装有相变储热材料的圆柱形储热管9对外界的热损失。在白天，北边阳光板4上的热空气出口3的风机关闭，集储热结构收集并储存能量，在夜间或阴雨天，将风机打开，热空气由上部的热空气出口3进入大棚加热空气，冷空气由下部的两个冷空气进口补充。在具有V型板太阳能大棚集储热系统的中部，太阳光直接透过阳光板4照射在地面和农作物上，给大棚加热。In actual application, on the south side of the heat storage system of the V-shaped solar greenhouse, sunlight passes through thesolar panel 4 and enters the heat storage structure, and is absorbed by the V-shaped heat-absorbingplate 8 coated with a selective coating and converted into heat energy. , the heat is further transferred to the cylindricalheat storage tube 9 equipped with a phase change heat storage material, so that the phase change material in the tube is melted to complete the heat storage process, and part of the heat will pass through themetal aluminum plate 6 coated with selective coating and strengthen the heat transfer process. Theheat fins 5 are directly delivered to the interior of the greenhouse to heat the air therein, and the rest of the stored heat is used at night. On the north side of the V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat storage system, sunlight first passes through thesolar panel 4 on the top of the system, and then enters the heat storage structure. The working process is similar to that of the heat storage structure in the south of the system, the difference is that the The heat storage structure is to store the collected solar heat for use at night. The northernmost part of the system is equipped with an outer layer ofthermal insulation material 1, the purpose of which is to reduce the heat loss of the cylindricalheat storage tube 9 equipped with phase change heat storage materials to the outside world. . During the day, the fan at the hot air outlet 3 on thenorth sun panel 4 is turned off, and the heat storage structure collects and stores energy. At night or in rainy days, the fan is turned on, and the hot air enters the greenhouse from the upper hot air outlet 3 to heat the air. Cool air is supplemented by two cool air inlets in the lower part. In the middle part of the V-shaped panel solar greenhouse heat collection and storage system, sunlight directly shines on the ground and crops through thesolar panels 4 to heat the greenhouse.

Claims (5)

1, solar greenhouse heat collecting and storing system with V-type plate comprises: blower fan, aluminum alloy frame (7), air door (10), inlet of cold air (2) and hot air outlet (3), it is characterized in that: be provided with outer insulation material (1), be coated with the V-type absorber plate (8) of selective coating, the cylindrical heat storage tube (9) of phase-change heat-storage material is housed, sunlight board (4), be coated with the metal aluminum sheet (6) of selective coating, augmentation of heat transfer fin (5), constitute the supporting construction of whole system by aluminum alloy frame (7), sunlight board (4) be installed on aluminum alloy frame (7) around and the top, system south is by augmentation of heat transfer fin (5) from inside to outside, be coated with the metal aluminum sheet (6) of selective coating, the cylindrical heat storage tube (9) of phase-change heat-storage material is housed, be coated with the V-type absorber plate (8) of selective coating and the collection heat storage structure that sunlight board (4) constitutes, augmentation of heat transfer fin (5) is welded on (6) on the metal aluminum sheet, the system north is by sunlight board (4) from inside to outside, blower fan, be coated with the V-type absorber plate (8) of selective coating, the cylindrical heat storage tube (9) of phase-change heat-storage material is housed, the collection heat storage structure that outer insulation material (1) material constitutes, two square openings will be opened in sunlight board (4) bottom on the system north, as inlet of cold air (2), open a square opening at an upper portion thereof and blower fan is installed in wherein, as hot air outlet (3).

2, the solar greenhouse heat collecting and storing system with V-type plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: outer insulation material (1) is a polyurethane foam material.

3, the solar greenhouse heat collecting and storing system with V-type plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the V-type absorber plate is rolled into 90 ° by the plane aluminium sheet, is coated with selective coating above, and selective coating is NiCrO_XN_YOr TiOyNx.

4, the solar greenhouse heat collecting and storing system with V-type plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the selective coating that is coated with the metal aluminum sheet of selective coating is NiCrO_XN_YOr TiOyNx.

5, the solar greenhouse heat collecting and storing system with V-type plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cylindrical heat storage tube that phase-change heat-storage material is housed is to load paraffin or sal glauberi heat accumulating in metal tube, again that pipe is the sealed at both ends and heat storage units that obtains.

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