CN1909655A - Environment monitoring apparatus and system - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种环境监控装置，包括成像单元、图像识别单元、监控单元、发送单元和存储单元，成像单元用来生成被监控环境的图像信息；图像识别单元用来将成像单元的图像信息与存储单元保存的以往图像信息进行对比，计算出图像危害值传输至监控单元；监控单元根据包括图像危害值的监测参数计算告警等级，在满足设定上报条件时通过发送单元向管理站发送告警信息；发送单元用来向管理站传输信息；存储单元用来进行数据存储，所述数据包括以往图像信息和设定上报条件。本发明还公开了一种环境监测系统。本发明实现了监测地点的无人值守和实时监控，告警等级根据客观的实时数据综合多种因素确定，为准确进行预警提供了更好的条件。

The invention discloses an environment monitoring device, which includes an imaging unit, an image recognition unit, a monitoring unit, a sending unit and a storage unit. The imaging unit is used to generate image information of the monitored environment; the image recognition unit is used to convert the image information of the imaging unit into Compared with the previous image information stored in the storage unit, the calculated image hazard value is transmitted to the monitoring unit; the monitoring unit calculates the alarm level according to the monitoring parameters including the image hazard value, and sends an alarm to the management station through the sending unit when the set reporting conditions are met information; the sending unit is used to transmit information to the management station; the storage unit is used for data storage, and the data includes previous image information and setting reporting conditions. The invention also discloses an environment monitoring system. The invention realizes the unattended and real-time monitoring of the monitoring site, and the alarm level is determined according to objective real-time data and multiple factors, providing better conditions for accurate early warning.

Description

Translated fromChinese

环境监控装置及系统Environmental Monitoring Devices and Systems

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及环境监控及灾害预警领域，尤其涉及一种环境监控装置及系统。The invention relates to the fields of environment monitoring and disaster early warning, in particular to an environment monitoring device and system.

背景技术Background technique

在交通运输系统中，公路和铁路都需要穿过许多地形复杂的区域，其中一些地区在一定条件下可能成为高危路段。例如，可能有山石坠落的路段、发生塌陷的路基等。同时，在一定的气候条件下需要密切关注一些路段的环境变化，例如附近可能有山体滑坡或泥石流的路段、可能发生洪水的路段等。In the transportation system, both highways and railways need to pass through many complex terrain areas, some of which may become high-risk sections under certain conditions. For example, there may be road sections where rocks fall, roadbeds that collapse, etc. At the same time, under certain climatic conditions, it is necessary to pay close attention to the environmental changes of some road sections, such as road sections where there may be landslides or mudslides nearby, and road sections where floods may occur.

目前的技术中，解决高危路段线路障碍的常规做法是利用人工巡视，以及在一些路段布设防护网。人工巡视无法做到对高危路段的实时监控，并且对危险程度的判别只能根据巡视者的个人经验和判断，不具有客观性；而防护网技术成本高，布防困难，尤其在山区，需要大面积覆盖危险山体，施工难度巨大，而且无法避免山体滑坡、落石造成的灾害，同时防护网的坠落还会影响行车安全。In the current technology, the routine way to solve the obstacles of high-risk roads is to use manual inspections and deploy protective nets on some roads. Manual inspection cannot achieve real-time monitoring of high-risk road sections, and the judgment of the degree of danger can only be based on the personal experience and judgment of the inspector, which is not objective; while the technical cost of the protective net is high and it is difficult to deploy, especially in mountainous areas. The area covers dangerous mountains, and the construction is extremely difficult, and disasters caused by landslides and falling rocks cannot be avoided. At the same time, the falling of the protective net will also affect driving safety.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的是现有技术中环境监控依赖于人工主观判断和布设防护网成本太高效果差的问题。The present invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art that environmental monitoring relies on manual subjective judgment and the cost of deploying protective nets is too high and the effect is poor.

本发明所述的环境监控装置包括成像单元、图像识别单元、监控单元、发送单元和存储单元，其中：The environmental monitoring device of the present invention includes an imaging unit, an image recognition unit, a monitoring unit, a sending unit and a storage unit, wherein:

成像单元用来生成被监控环境的图像信息；The imaging unit is used to generate image information of the monitored environment;

图像识别单元用来将成像单元的图像信息与存储单元保存的以往图像信息进行对比，计算出图像危害值传输至监控单元；The image recognition unit is used to compare the image information of the imaging unit with the previous image information stored in the storage unit, calculate the image hazard value and transmit it to the monitoring unit;

监控单元根据包括图像危害值的监测参数计算告警等级，在满足设定上报条件时通过发送单元向管理站发送告警信息；The monitoring unit calculates the alarm level according to the monitoring parameters including the image hazard value, and sends the alarm information to the management station through the sending unit when the set reporting conditions are met;

发送单元用来向管理站传输信息；The sending unit is used to transmit information to the management station;

存储单元用来进行数据存储，所述数据包括以往图像信息和设定上报条件。The storage unit is used for data storage, and the data includes previous image information and setting reporting conditions.

优选地，还包括数据采集单元和传感单元，其中：Preferably, a data acquisition unit and a sensing unit are also included, wherein:

传感单元用来对至少一项环境参数进行测量；The sensing unit is used to measure at least one environmental parameter;

数据采集单元用来采集传感单元的测量结果，并传输至监控单元；The data acquisition unit is used to collect the measurement results of the sensing unit and transmit them to the monitoring unit;

所述监控单元计算告警等级的监测参数还包括数据采集单元采集的环境参数测量结果。The monitoring parameters for calculating the alarm level by the monitoring unit also include the measurement results of the environmental parameters collected by the data collection unit.

优选地，所述存储单元中存储的数据还包括图像危害值的权值和环境参数测量结果的权值；Preferably, the data stored in the storage unit also includes the weight of the image hazard value and the weight of the environmental parameter measurement result;

所述监控单元根据监测参数计算告警等级具体为：将各项环境参数测量结果按照对应的权值加权平均，再与图像危害值加权平均。The calculation of the alarm level by the monitoring unit according to the monitoring parameters specifically includes: weighting and averaging the measurement results of various environmental parameters according to corresponding weights, and then weighting and averaging with the image hazard value.

优选地，还包括图像编码单元，用来根据监控单元的指令将成像单元的图像信息进行编码后传输至监控单元；Preferably, an image encoding unit is also included, which is used to encode the image information of the imaging unit according to the instruction of the monitoring unit and then transmit it to the monitoring unit;

所述监控单元向管理站发送的告警信息中包括监控单元在满足设定上报条件时指令图像编码单元生成的图像数据。The alarm information sent by the monitoring unit to the management station includes the image data that the monitoring unit instructs the image coding unit to generate when the set reporting condition is satisfied.

优选地，还包括接收单元，用来接收管理站的指令，包括数据上报指令和参数更改指令；Preferably, a receiving unit is also included for receiving instructions from the management station, including data reporting instructions and parameter modification instructions;

监控单元根据数据上报指令将图像编码单元生成的图像数据、图像识别单元生成的图像危害值以及数据采集单元采集的环境参数测量结果通过发送单元上报至管理站；The monitoring unit reports the image data generated by the image encoding unit, the image hazard value generated by the image recognition unit, and the environmental parameter measurement results collected by the data acquisition unit to the management station through the sending unit according to the data reporting instruction;

监控单元根据参数更改指令修改存储单元中存储的所述权值和设定上报条件。The monitoring unit modifies the weight stored in the storage unit and sets reporting conditions according to the parameter modification instruction.

优选地，还包括告警信号单元，根据监控单元的控制信号在所述环境监控装置所在地发布告警信号；Preferably, an alarm signal unit is also included, which issues an alarm signal at the location of the environmental monitoring device according to the control signal of the monitoring unit;

监控单元在告警等级超过设定告警阈值时启动告警信号单元告警。The monitoring unit activates the alarm signal unit to alarm when the alarm level exceeds the set alarm threshold.

优选地，所述环境参数包括温度、湿度、风力、风向、降雨量、降雪量或地震。Preferably, the environmental parameters include temperature, humidity, wind force, wind direction, rainfall, snowfall or earthquake.

本发明还提供了一种环境监测系统，包括管理站和至少一台环境监测装置，其中：The present invention also provides an environmental monitoring system, including a management station and at least one environmental monitoring device, wherein:

环境监测装置包括成像单元、图像识别单元、监控单元、发送单元和存储单元，成像单元生成被监控环境的图像信息；图像识别单元根据成像单元的图像信息和存储的以往图像信息计算图像危害值；发送单元用来向管理站发送信息；存储单元用来进行包括以往图像信息和设定上报条件的数据存储；监控单元根据包括图像危害值的监测参数计算告警等级，在满足设定上报条件时通过发送单元向管理站发送告警信息；The environmental monitoring device includes an imaging unit, an image recognition unit, a monitoring unit, a sending unit and a storage unit, the imaging unit generates image information of the monitored environment; the image recognition unit calculates the image hazard value according to the image information of the imaging unit and the stored previous image information; The sending unit is used to send information to the management station; the storage unit is used to store data including previous image information and set reporting conditions; the monitoring unit calculates the alarm level according to the monitoring parameters including image hazard values, and passes through when the set reporting conditions are met. The sending unit sends alarm information to the management station;

管理站包括后台处理单元、后台接收单元、后台存储单元和后台告警单元，后台接收单元用来接收环境监测装置发送的信息；后台存储单元用来进行包括环境监测装置发送信息的数据存储；后台告警单元用来在管理站发布告警信号；后台处理单元将后台接收单元接收的信息存储在后台存储单元中，确定接收的信息符合设定的管理站告警条件时指令后台告警单元发布告警信号。The management station includes a background processing unit, a background receiving unit, a background storage unit and a background alarm unit. The background receiving unit is used to receive information sent by the environmental monitoring device; the background storage unit is used to store data including information sent by the environmental monitoring device; the background alarm The unit is used to issue alarm signals at the management station; the background processing unit stores the information received by the background receiving unit in the background storage unit, and instructs the background alarm unit to issue an alarm signal when it is determined that the received information meets the set alarm conditions of the management station.

优选地，环境监测装置还包括图像编码单元，用来根据监控单元的指令将成像单元的图像信息进行编码后传输至监控单元；所述监控单元向管理站发送的告警信息中包括监控单元在满足设定上报条件时指令图像编码单元生成的图像数据；Preferably, the environment monitoring device further includes an image encoding unit, which is used to encode the image information of the imaging unit according to the instructions of the monitoring unit and transmit it to the monitoring unit; the alarm information sent by the monitoring unit to the management station includes Instructing the image data generated by the image coding unit when setting the reporting condition;

管理站还包括后台图像处理单元和后台显示单元，后台图像处理单元用来对从环境监测装置接收的图像数据进行增强处理；后台显示单元用来进行增强处理后的图像和接收信息的显示。The management station also includes a background image processing unit and a background display unit, the background image processing unit is used to enhance the image data received from the environmental monitoring device; the background display unit is used to display the enhanced image and received information.

优选地，环境监测装置还包括数据采集单元和传感单元，传感单元用来对至少一项环境参数进行测量；数据采集单元用来采集传感单元的测量结果，并传输至监控单元；所述监控单元计算告警等级的监测参数还包括数据采集单元采集的环境参数测量结果；Preferably, the environmental monitoring device also includes a data acquisition unit and a sensing unit, the sensing unit is used to measure at least one environmental parameter; the data acquisition unit is used to collect the measurement results of the sensing unit and transmit them to the monitoring unit; The monitoring parameters for the monitoring unit to calculate the alarm level also include the environmental parameter measurement results collected by the data acquisition unit;

所述管理站接收环境监测装置的信息中还包括环境参数测量结果。The information received by the management station from the environmental monitoring device also includes environmental parameter measurement results.

优选地，所述环境监测装置存储单元中存储的数据还包括图像危害值的权值和环境参数测量结果的权值；所述监控单元根据监测参数计算告警等级具体为：将各项环境参数测量结果按照对应的权值加权平均，再与图像危害值加权平均；Preferably, the data stored in the storage unit of the environmental monitoring device also includes the weight of the image hazard value and the weight of the environmental parameter measurement result; the monitoring unit calculates the alarm level according to the monitoring parameters specifically: The results are weighted average according to the corresponding weight value, and then weighted average with the image hazard value;

所述管理站确定接收的信息符合设定的告警条件具体为：根据增强处理后的图像和各项环境参数测量结果判定符合设定的管理站告警条件。The management station determining that the received information conforms to the set alarm conditions specifically includes: judging that the received information meets the set management station alarm conditions according to the enhanced image and the measurement results of various environmental parameters.

优选地，环境监测装置还包括接收单元，用来接收管理站发出的指令；Preferably, the environmental monitoring device also includes a receiving unit, used to receive instructions issued by the management station;

管理站的指令包括数据上报指令、状态上报指令和参数更改指令，环境监测装置的监控单元根据数据上报指令将图像编码单元生成的图像数据和数据采集单元采集的环境参数测量结果通过发送单元上报至管理站，根据参数更改指令修改存储单元中存储的所述权值和设定上报条件，根据状态上报指令将环境监测装置的运行状态上报至管理站；The instructions of the management station include data reporting instructions, status reporting instructions and parameter modification instructions. The monitoring unit of the environmental monitoring device reports the image data generated by the image encoding unit and the environmental parameter measurement results collected by the data acquisition unit to the The management station modifies the weights stored in the storage unit and sets the reporting conditions according to the parameter modification instruction, and reports the operating status of the environmental monitoring device to the management station according to the status reporting instruction;

管理站还包括接口单元和后台发送单元，接口单元用来接收查询请求或参数更改设置，并将其传输至后台处理单元；后台发送单元用来向环境监测装置发送后台处理单元根据查询请求或参数更改设置生成的指令。The management station also includes an interface unit and a background sending unit, the interface unit is used to receive query requests or parameter change settings, and transmit them to the background processing unit; the background sending unit is used to send the background processing unit to the environmental monitoring device Change the command generated by the settings.

优选地，环境监测装置还包括告警信号单元，当告警等级超过设定告警阈值时，根据监控单元的控制信号在所述环境监控装置所在地发布告警信号。Preferably, the environment monitoring device further includes an alarm signal unit, and when the alarm level exceeds the set alarm threshold, an alarm signal is issued at the location of the environment monitoring device according to the control signal of the monitoring unit.

优选地，环境监测装置和管理站之间的信息传输方式包括码分多址接入CDMA、通用分组无线业务GPRS、全球移动通信系统GSM、微波或互联网。Preferably, the information transmission mode between the environment monitoring device and the management station includes Code Division Multiple Access CDMA, General Packet Radio Service GPRS, Global System for Mobile Communications GSM, microwave or Internet.

本发明通过在需要进行监测的地点放置环境监测装置，根据被监测环境的图像信息自动确定告警等级并自动上报告警信息，实现了监测地点的无人值守和实时监控，告警等级根据客观的实时数据确定，不再依赖人工主观判断，也不再需要布设防护网；In the present invention, by placing an environmental monitoring device at the place where monitoring is required, the alarm level is automatically determined according to the image information of the monitored environment and the alarm information is automatically reported, so that unattended and real-time monitoring of the monitoring site is realized. The alarm level is based on objective real-time The data is determined, no longer rely on artificial subjective judgment, and no longer need to deploy protective nets;

同时，环境监测装置可以对各项环境参数进行实时采集，使得对告警等级的确定可以综合多种因素进行，为准确进行预警提供了更好的条件。At the same time, the environmental monitoring device can collect various environmental parameters in real time, so that the determination of the alarm level can be carried out by integrating various factors, providing better conditions for accurate early warning.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明所述环境监测系统的结构图；Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of environment monitoring system of the present invention;

图2为本发明所述环境监测装置的结构图；Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the environmental monitoring device of the present invention;

图3为本发明所述管理站的结构图；Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the management station of the present invention;

图4为本发明所述管理站的硬件结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the management station of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明的思路是在具有危险环境的地点放置能够自动对环境进行监控，并能在达到一定危险程度时自动报警的环境监测装置，取代人工巡视，来确保运输线路的安全。The idea of the present invention is to place an environmental monitoring device that can automatically monitor the environment in a dangerous environment and can automatically alarm when a certain degree of danger is reached, instead of manual inspection, to ensure the safety of the transportation line.

图1所示为本发明中环境监测系统的结构图。环境监测装置100由用户根据地理特点和实际需求安装在需要进行环境监测的现场，对现场环境进行实时监控，管理站200通过Internet(互联网)与各个环境监测装置100进行通信，根据各个环境检测装置100所在的现场情况为其设置不同的工作参数，还可以向各个环境检测装置100取得现场环境的实时参数。Fig. 1 shows the structural diagram of the environment monitoring system in the present invention. The environmental monitoring device 100 is installed by the user at the site where environmental monitoring is required according to geographical characteristics and actual needs, and monitors the site environment in real time. The management station 200 communicates with each environmental monitoring device 100 through the Internet (Internet), and according to each environmental monitoring device Different working parameters are set for the site conditions where 100 is located, and real-time parameters of the site environment can also be obtained from each environment detection device 100 .

本发明中对管理站200与环境监测装置100之间的信息传输方式没有限制，可以根据实际情况选择有线传输方式如Internet、E1、以太网、ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line，非对称数字环路)等，也可以选择无线传输方式CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access，码分多址接入)、GPRS(General Packet Radio Service，通用分组无线业务)、GSM(Global System forMobile communications，全球移动通信系统)、微波等。In the present invention, there is no limit to the information transmission mode between the management station 200 and the environmental monitoring device 100, and a wired transmission mode such as Internet, E1, Ethernet, ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, asymmetric digital loop) can be selected according to actual conditions Etc., you can also choose the wireless transmission mode CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access, Code Division Multiple Access), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, General Packet Radio Service), GSM (Global System for Mobile communications, Global System for Mobile Communications), microwave wait.

图2所示为本发明中环境监测装置100的内部结构图。监控单元103是环境监测装置100的核心单元，分别与告警信号单元101、存储单元102、图像识别单元104、图像编码单元105、数据采集单元109、发送单元107和接收单元108连接。成像单元106分别与图像识别单元104和图像编码单元105连接，传感单元110连接至数据采集单元109。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the environment monitoring device 100 in the present invention. The monitoring unit 103 is the core unit of the environmental monitoring device 100, and is connected to the alarm signal unit 101, the storage unit 102, the image recognition unit 104, the image encoding unit 105, the data acquisition unit 109, the sending unit 107 and the receiving unit 108 respectively. The imaging unit 106 is respectively connected to the image recognition unit 104 and the image coding unit 105 , and the sensing unit 110 is connected to the data acquisition unit 109 .

环境监测装置100对环境的监测主要通过对环境图像的监测进行。成像单元106用来生成被监控环境的视频图像，成像单元106优选摄像头实现。The environment monitoring device 100 monitors the environment mainly by monitoring the environment image. The imaging unit 106 is used to generate video images of the monitored environment, and the imaging unit 106 is preferably realized by a camera.

如果成像单元106生成的视频图像不是数字格式，图像识别单元104首先对该视频图像进行数字化处理，转换为数字图像；如果成像单元106采用数码设备，则图像识别单元104可以直接得到数字图像。存储单元102中存储着以往的视频图像信息，以往的视频图像信息可以是最近的一幅无告警视频图像，也可以是由之前许多帧视频图像进行平均处理后所得的背景视频图像信息。If the video image generated by the imaging unit 106 is not in a digital format, the image recognition unit 104 first digitizes the video image and converts it into a digital image; if the imaging unit 106 uses a digital device, the image recognition unit 104 can directly obtain the digital image. The storage unit 102 stores past video image information, which may be the latest non-warning video image, or background video image information obtained by averaging many previous frames of video images.

图像识别单元104将上述数字图像与存储单元中保存的以往图像信息进行相减，将不同之处分离出来成为目标；并计算分离出来目标的大小，根据目标中心所在的位置，评估目标的危害程度，在本发明中称为图像危害值。图像识别单元104将计算出的图像危害值发送至监控单元103。图像识别单元104需要具有自动运算能力，无需人工干预，本发明中推荐采用高速DSP(DataSignal Processing，数字信号处理)实现。The image recognition unit 104 subtracts the above-mentioned digital image from the previous image information stored in the storage unit, separates the difference and becomes the target; and calculates the size of the separated target, and evaluates the degree of harm of the target according to the position of the target center , which is called the image hazard value in this invention. The image recognition unit 104 sends the calculated image hazard value to the monitoring unit 103 . The image recognition unit 104 needs to have automatic calculation capability without manual intervention, and it is recommended to adopt high-speed DSP (DataSignal Processing, digital signal processing) to realize in the present invention.

由于在环境监测装置100中自动对图像进行程度判断，为了防止可能的误报，可以在环境监测装置100中提供实时上传未经处理的图像的功能，图像编码单元105即用来实现这一功能。图像编码单元105在接收到监控单元103的指令后，对成像单元106生成的视频图像信息进行编码，转换为与后台管理站200约定的格式，由监控单元103通过发送单元107传输至管理站200。与图像识别单元104相同，当成像单元106生成的图像信息不是数字格式时，图像编码单元105要先将其转换为数字格式。Since the degree of image is automatically judged in the environmental monitoring device 100, in order to prevent possible false alarms, the function of uploading unprocessed images in real time can be provided in the environmental monitoring device 100, and the image encoding unit 105 is used to realize this function . After receiving the instruction from the monitoring unit 103, the image encoding unit 105 encodes the video image information generated by the imaging unit 106, converts it into the format agreed with the background management station 200, and transmits it to the management station 200 by the monitoring unit 103 through the sending unit 107 . Same as the image recognition unit 104, when the image information generated by the imaging unit 106 is not in a digital format, the image encoding unit 105 first converts it into a digital format.

在一些较为稳定的环境中，仅凭图像就可以确定是否有危险情况发生。而在另外一些可能有突发性灾害发生的环境中，同时还需要对其他因素进行实时监测，如气象参数。本发明中可以通过传感单元110和数据采集单元109来实现功能。传感单元110可以包括多个传感器，例如温度传感器、湿度传感器、风力传感器、风向传感器、降雨量传感器、降雪量传感器或地震传感器等中的一个或多个，对至少一项环境参数进行测量。数据采集单元109根据传感单元110中各种传感器的特性，提供合理的接口，采集各种传感器的测量结果，传输至监控单元103。In some more stable environments, images alone can determine whether a dangerous situation has occurred. In other environments where sudden disasters may occur, real-time monitoring of other factors, such as meteorological parameters, is also required. In the present invention, the functions can be realized by the sensing unit 110 and the data acquisition unit 109 . The sensing unit 110 may include a plurality of sensors, such as one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind sensor, a wind direction sensor, a rainfall sensor, a snowfall sensor, or an earthquake sensor, to measure at least one environmental parameter. The data collection unit 109 provides a reasonable interface according to the characteristics of various sensors in the sensing unit 110 , collects measurement results of various sensors, and transmits them to the monitoring unit 103 .

监控单元103根据图像识别单元104输出的图像危害值，和数据采集单元109输出的测量结果这些监测参数计算告警等级，当告警等级满足存储单元102中存储的设定上报条件时，向管理站200发送告警信息。告警信息中可以包括告警等级、数据采集单元109的环境参数测量结果，还可以包括图像编码单元105输出的未经加工的图像数据。The monitoring unit 103 calculates the alarm level according to the image hazard value output by the image recognition unit 104 and the monitoring parameters output by the data acquisition unit 109. Send an alert message. The warning information may include warning levels, measurement results of environmental parameters of the data collection unit 109 , and unprocessed image data output by the image coding unit 105 .

监控单元103计算告警等级的方法可以由用户根据实际情况设定。本发明推荐的方法是为各项环境参数测量结果设定对应的权值，为图像危害值也设置相应的权值，这些权值与对应的参数构成了告警预案的组成部分。告警预案中还可以包括设定的上报条件和用于现场告警指示的设定告警阈值。每个环境监测装置100都在存储单元102中保存告警预案，监控单元103先将环境参数测量结果与对应的权值加权平均后，再与图像危害值根据其权值加权平均后得出其告警等级，将计算出的告警等级与设定上报条件、设定告警阈值进行比较，在满足设定上报条件时向管理站发送告警信息，在满足设定告警阈值时启动现场告警指示。监控单元103也可以仅根据图像危害值给出告警等级，此时只要忽略环境参数测量结果，不进行加权平均即可。与环境参数测量结果相结合得出告警等级，可以提高判断的准确性。The method for calculating the alarm level by the monitoring unit 103 can be set by the user according to the actual situation. The method recommended by the present invention is to set corresponding weights for the measurement results of various environmental parameters, and also set corresponding weights for image hazard values. These weights and corresponding parameters constitute the components of the alarm plan. The alarm plan may also include set reporting conditions and set alarm thresholds for on-site alarm indication. Each environmental monitoring device 100 saves the warning plan in the storage unit 102, and the monitoring unit 103 first weights and averages the measurement results of the environmental parameters and the corresponding weights, and then calculates the warning with the image hazard value according to the weighted average. Level, compare the calculated alarm level with the set reporting conditions and set alarm thresholds, send alarm information to the management station when the set reporting conditions are met, and start the on-site alarm indication when the set alarm thresholds are met. The monitoring unit 103 may also give an alarm level only according to the image hazard value, and in this case, it only needs to ignore the measurement results of the environmental parameters and not perform weighted average. Combined with the measurement results of environmental parameters to obtain the alarm level, which can improve the accuracy of judgment.

发送单元107和接收单元108用来实现与管理站200之间的信息传输。环境监测装置100可能向管理站200发送的信息包括告警信息、回复管理站200的本装置状态信息、回复管理站200的图像数据以及环境参数测量结果信息等。环境监测装置100从接收单元108能接收到管理站200的信息包括数据上报指令、状态上报指令和参数更改指令；数据上报指令由管理站200随时发出，要求环境监测装置100向管理站返回图像数据以及环境参数测量结果，环境监测装置100中的监控单元103指令图像编码单元105输出图像数据，指令数据采集单元109输出采集的环境参数测量结果，将其通过发送单元107发送至管理站；状态上报指令参数由管理站200随时发出，要求环境监测装置100向管理站返回当前工作状态，监控单元103将当前环境监测装置100的工作状态、自检结果等发送至管理站200；更改指令由管理站200发送，对告警预案中的各个权值、设定上报条件、设定告警阈值等参数进行更改，监控单元103根据接收的参数更改指令修改存储单元102中存储的上述参数值。The sending unit 107 and the receiving unit 108 are used to implement information transmission with the management station 200 . The information that the environmental monitoring device 100 may send to the management station 200 includes alarm information, device status information returned to the management station 200 , image data returned to the management station 200 , and environmental parameter measurement result information. The information that the environmental monitoring device 100 can receive from the management station 200 from the receiving unit 108 includes data reporting instructions, status reporting instructions and parameter modification instructions; the data reporting instructions are issued by the management station 200 at any time, requiring the environmental monitoring device 100 to return image data to the management station And the environmental parameter measurement result, the monitoring unit 103 in the environmental monitoring device 100 instructs the image coding unit 105 to output image data, and the environmental parameter measurement result of the instruction data collection unit 109 output collection, it is sent to the management station by the sending unit 107; Status report The command parameters are sent by the management station 200 at any time, requiring the environmental monitoring device 100 to return the current working status to the management station, and the monitoring unit 103 sends the current working status and self-test results of the environmental monitoring device 100 to the management station 200; 200 to modify parameters such as weights, reporting conditions, and alarm thresholds in the alarm plan, and the monitoring unit 103 modifies the above-mentioned parameter values stored in the storage unit 102 according to the parameter modification instruction received.

在存储单元102中可以存储告警预案的缺省值，环境监测装置100开机后如果没有后台管理站的参数更改指令，也可以凭借缺省告警预案正常工作。The default value of the alarm plan can be stored in the storage unit 102 , and the environmental monitoring device 100 can work normally by virtue of the default alarm plan if there is no parameter modification instruction from the background management station after the environment monitoring device 100 is turned on.

告警信号单元101用来在环境监测装置100的安装现场进行告警指示，发布告警信号。告警信号单元101根据实际应用可以是告警指示灯、告警声音播放器等，由监控单元103在告警等级超过设定告警阈值时控制告警信号单元101进行发布。The alarm signal unit 101 is used to perform alarm indication and issue an alarm signal at the installation site of the environmental monitoring device 100 . The alarm signal unit 101 can be an alarm indicator light, an alarm sound player, etc. according to practical applications, and the monitoring unit 103 controls the alarm signal unit 101 to release when the alarm level exceeds the set alarm threshold.

可见，环境监测装置100能够在无人值守的情况下自动根据图像以及其他环境信息对告警等级进行判断，并能将图像和环境参数传输回管理站200，还能实现现场自动告警。It can be seen that the environmental monitoring device 100 can automatically judge the alarm level according to the image and other environmental information without being on duty, and can transmit the image and environmental parameters back to the management station 200, and can also realize automatic on-site alarm.

图3所示为本发明中后台管理站200的内部结构图。管理站200以后台处理单元203为核心，分别与后台告警单元201、后台存储单元202、后台图像处理单元204、后台显示单元205、接口单元208、后台发送单元206、后台接收单元207连接。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the background management station 200 in the present invention. The management station 200 takes thebackground processing unit 203 as the core, and is respectively connected with thebackground alarm unit 201, thebackground storage unit 202, the backgroundimage processing unit 204, thebackground display unit 205, theinterface unit 208, thebackground sending unit 206, and thebackground receiving unit 207.

后台告警单元201用来在管理站200发布告警信号。当管理站200接收到环境监测装置100的告警信息、上报的数据时，由后台处理单元203将其中包括的图像数据、环境参数测量结果等数据存储到后台存储单元202，并根据这些数据进行告警等级的二次判断，如果判断结果符合设定的管理站告警条件，则后台处理单元203指令后台告警单元201发布告警信号。判断的具体方法由用户设定，可以与环境监测装置100相同，也可以不同。设定的管理站告警条件可以与环境监测装置100上的设定上报条件相同，也可以不同。Thebackground alarm unit 201 is used to issue an alarm signal on the management station 200 . When the management station 200 receives the alarm information and the reported data from the environmental monitoring device 100, thebackground processing unit 203 stores the image data, environmental parameter measurement results and other data included in thebackground storage unit 202, and performs an alarm according to these data. For the secondary judgment of the level, if the judgment result meets the set alarm condition of the management station, thebackground processing unit 203 instructs thebackground alarm unit 201 to issue an alarm signal. The specific method of judgment is set by the user, and may be the same as that of the environment monitoring device 100, or may be different. The set alarm condition of the management station may be the same as or different from the set reporting condition on the environmental monitoring device 100 .

由于环境监测装置100中的图像识别单元104要对视频图像进行实时识别，因而较难实现极高的精确度。在管理站200上，为了减少可能的误报情况，可以通过后台图像处理单元204对上报数据或告警信息中的图像数据进行非实时地处理，由于管理站通常具有更强的运算能力，可以采用直方图均衡、滤波等图像处理技术对视频图像进行增强处理，达到更加清晰的效果。增强处理后的图像由后台显示单元205进行显示，同时后台显示单元205还可以用来显示环境参数测量结果等其他数据。Since the image recognition unit 104 in the environment monitoring device 100 needs to recognize the video image in real time, it is difficult to achieve extremely high accuracy. On the management station 200, in order to reduce possible false alarms, the backgroundimage processing unit 204 can be used to process the image data in the reported data or alarm information in non-real time. Since the management station usually has stronger computing power, it can use Histogram equalization, filtering and other image processing technologies enhance the video image to achieve a clearer effect. The enhanced image is displayed by thebackground display unit 205, and thebackground display unit 205 can also be used to display other data such as environmental parameter measurement results.

在管理站200上根据增强处理后的图像信息和其他上传的环境参数测量结果对告警等级进行二次判断时，可以通过设定的算法进行，也可以由人工综合各种条件进行判断。在采用人工判断的情况下，管理站200需要有人值守。When the management station 200 makes a secondary judgment on the alarm level based on the enhanced image information and other uploaded environmental parameter measurement results, it can be done through a set algorithm, or it can be judged manually by combining various conditions. In the case of manual judgment, the management station 200 needs to be manned.

后台发送单元206和后台接收单元207用来进行与环境监测装置100之间的通信，向环境监测装置100发送各种指令，从环境监测装置100接收告警信息、状态上报信息、数据上报信息等。Thebackground sending unit 206 and thebackground receiving unit 207 are used to communicate with the environmental monitoring device 100, send various instructions to the environmental monitoring device 100, and receive alarm information, status reporting information, data reporting information, etc. from the environmental monitoring device 100.

接口单元208是后台管理站200与管理员的接口，管理员可以通过接口单元208对环境监测系统进行管理，例如输入查询请求，对当前环境监测装置100的工作状态或其图像和环境参数进行查询；或输入参数更改设置，对环境监测装置100的告警预案进行修改。在后台处理单元203接到接口单元208传输的输入信息后，根据管理员的输入生成状态上报指令、数据上报指令或参数更改指令，并发送给对应的环境监测装置100。Theinterface unit 208 is the interface between the background management station 200 and the administrator. The administrator can manage the environmental monitoring system through theinterface unit 208, such as inputting a query request to query the current working status of the environmental monitoring device 100 or its image and environmental parameters. ; or input parameters to change settings, and modify the alarm plan of the environmental monitoring device 100 . After thebackground processing unit 203 receives the input information transmitted by theinterface unit 208 , it generates a status report command, data report command or parameter change command according to the administrator's input, and sends it to the corresponding environmental monitoring device 100 .

后台存储单元202用来存储环境监测装置100上报的告警信息、数据、其告警预案、以及其他信息。后台存储单元202中还可以存储环境监测装置100的历史数据，从而为管理站200提供数据分析和统计的基础。通过对历史数据的归纳总结，可以为环境监测装置100设置更为科学和合理的告警预案，还可以更加准确地对危机情况进行预判，确定重点监视的地域范围和环境条件，进一步提高整个系统的精确度。Thebackground storage unit 202 is used to store alarm information, data, alarm plans and other information reported by the environmental monitoring device 100 . The historical data of the environmental monitoring device 100 can also be stored in thebackground storage unit 202 , so as to provide the basis for data analysis and statistics for the management station 200 . By summarizing the historical data, a more scientific and reasonable alarm plan can be set for the environmental monitoring device 100, and the crisis situation can be predicted more accurately, the geographical scope and environmental conditions of key monitoring can be determined, and the overall system can be further improved. the accuracy.

管理站200可以采用下述这些具体的硬件实现：高性能服务器、数据库、DVR(数字硬盘录像机)、路由器、交换机、声光告警设备、大屏幕LCD(LiquidCrystal Display，液晶显示)显示器和操作终端等。为了环境监测系统的安全性，可以令管理站200与各个环境监测装置100组成VPN(Virtual PrivateNetwork，虚拟专用网)网络，管理站200的服务器可以采用双机HA(HighAvailability，高可用性)系统，其存储系统可以采用RAID(Redundant Array ofInexpensive Disks，廉价磁盘冗余阵列)1或RAID 5磁盘阵列以保证数据的安全性。The management station 200 can be realized by using the following specific hardware: high-performance server, database, DVR (digital video recorder), router, switch, sound and light alarm equipment, large-screen LCD (Liquid Crystal Display, liquid crystal display) display and operation terminal, etc. . For the safety of the environmental monitoring system, the management station 200 and each environmental monitoring device 100 can be made to form a VPN (Virtual Private Network, virtual private network) network, and the server of the management station 200 can adopt a dual-machine HA (HighAvailability, high availability) system, its The storage system can use RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) 1 or RAID 5 disk arrays to ensure data security.

图4所示为本发明中环境监测系统的工作流程图。在管理站200上，由管理员确定环境监测装置100的设定上报条件以及计算告警等级的各项权值；管理站200将上述工作参数以指令形式发送至环境监测装置100；环境监测装置100根据指令修改存储的告警预案，并令图像识别单元104和数据采集单元109进行图像监控和环境参数采集；当环境监测装置100判断发生告警时，向管理站200发送告警信息；管理站200根据告警信息中包括的图像数据和环境参数测量结果判断现场发生的情况，在符合管理站告警条件时发布告警信号。Fig. 4 shows the working flowchart of the environment monitoring system in the present invention. On the management station 200, the administrator determines the setting reporting conditions of the environmental monitoring device 100 and the weights for calculating the alarm level; the management station 200 sends the above-mentioned operating parameters to the environmental monitoring device 100 in the form of instructions; the environmental monitoring device 100 Modify the stored alarm plan according to the instruction, and make the image recognition unit 104 and the data acquisition unit 109 carry out image monitoring and environmental parameter collection; when the environmental monitoring device 100 judges that an alarm occurs, send alarm information to the management station 200; The image data included in the information and the measurement results of environmental parameters judge the situation on the spot, and issue an alarm signal when the alarm conditions of the management station are met.

可见，本发明通过图像识别技术的运用，有效过滤了与灾害无关的信息，提高了高危路段安全监测人员的工作效率；通过与多种传感技术的整合，给出了险情多发条件下的气候条件、灾害状况信息，便于后期预防工作；通过系统联网，实现了系统的集中调度、集中监控的目的，实现了防灾系统信息化。本发明还可以通过采用风力、太阳能等灵活的供电方式，实现环境监测系统的快速布防。It can be seen that, through the application of image recognition technology, the present invention effectively filters information irrelevant to disasters, and improves the work efficiency of safety monitoring personnel on high-risk road sections; Conditions and disaster status information are convenient for post-prevention work; through the system networking, the purpose of centralized dispatching and centralized monitoring of the system is realized, and the disaster prevention system is informatized. The present invention can also realize rapid arming of the environmental monitoring system by adopting flexible power supply methods such as wind power and solar energy.

本发明中的环境监测系统不会受到气候、地形、供电、通信组网方面的限制，只要在适当的监测位置开辟出直径1米左右的水泥基础，上面立杆，即可设置本系统，通电或者采用太阳能、风力供电后即可实现系统连续工作，避免了人为巡视空档出现险情或无法及时通知造成的灾害。The environmental monitoring system in the present invention will not be limited by climate, terrain, power supply, and communication networking. As long as a cement foundation with a diameter of about 1 meter is opened at an appropriate monitoring position, and a pole is erected on it, the system can be set up and powered on. Or the continuous operation of the system can be realized after using solar energy and wind power supply, which avoids the disaster caused by artificial inspection gap or failure to notify in time.

本发明不仅可以用于公路、铁路运输的高危路段，而且可以用于气象、林业、水利、山体等各种环境的综合监测。The present invention can be used not only in the high-risk sections of highway and railway transportation, but also in comprehensive monitoring of various environments such as meteorology, forestry, water conservancy, and mountains.

以上所述的本发明实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。The embodiments of the present invention described above are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. an environmental monitoring installation is characterized in that, comprises image-generating unit, image identification unit, monitoring unit, transmitting element and memory cell, wherein:

The image-generating unit image information that generates monitored environment;

Image identification unit is used for the image information in the past of the image information of image-generating unit and memory cell preservation is compared, and calculates image harm value and transfers to monitoring unit;

Monitoring unit calculates the alarm grade according to the monitoring parameter that comprises image harm value, sends a warning message to management station by transmitting element when satisfying the setting report condition;

Transmitting element is used for to management station's transmission information;

Memory cell is used for carrying out storage, and described data comprise image information and setting report condition in the past.

2. according to the described environment monitoring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise data acquisition unit and sensing unit, wherein:

Sensing unit is used at least one environmental parameter measured;

Data acquisition unit is used for gathering the measurement result of sensing unit, and transfers to monitoring unit;

The monitoring parameter that described monitoring unit calculates the alarm grade also comprises the environmental parameter measurement result that data acquisition unit is gathered.

3. according to the described environment monitoring device of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the data of storing in the described memory cell also comprise the weights of image harm value and the weights of environmental parameter measurement result;

Described monitoring unit calculates the alarm grade according to monitoring parameter and is specially: with the weights weighted average of every environmental parameter measurement result according to correspondence, again with image harm value weighted average.

4. according to the described environment monitoring device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: also comprise the image encoding unit, transfer to monitoring unit after being used for the image information of image-generating unit being encoded according to the instruction of monitoring unit;

Described monitoring unit comprises the monitoring unit view data that instruction figure generates as coding unit when satisfying the setting report condition in the warning information that management station sends.

5. according to the described environment monitoring device of claim 4, it is characterized in that: also comprise receiving element, be used for the instruction at receiving management station, comprise that data report instruction and parameter change to instruct;

Monitoring unit reports to management station according to view data, the image harm value of image identification unit generation and the environmental parameter measurement result of data acquisition unit collection that data report instruction that the image encoding unit is generated by transmitting element;

Monitoring unit is according to the described weights of storing in the parameter change instruction modification memory cell and set report condition.

6. according to any described environmental monitoring installation of claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that: also comprise the alarm signal unit, issue alarm signal in described environmental monitoring installation location according to the control signal of monitoring unit;

Monitoring unit starts the alarm of alarm signal unit when the alarm grade surpasses the setting alarm threshold.

7. according to the described environment monitoring device of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described environmental parameter comprises temperature, humidity, wind-force, wind direction, rainfall, snowfall or earthquake.

8. an environmental monitoring system is characterized in that, comprises management station and at least one environment monitoring device, wherein:

Environment monitoring device comprises image-generating unit, image identification unit, monitoring unit, transmitting element and memory cell, and image-generating unit generates the image information of monitored environment; Image identification unit is according to the image information of image-generating unit and the computed image of the image information in the past harm value of storage; Transmitting element is used for sending information to management station; Memory cell is used for comprising image information and the storage of setting report condition in the past; Monitoring unit calculates the alarm grade according to the monitoring parameter that comprises image harm value, sends a warning message to management station by transmitting element when satisfying the setting report condition;

Management station comprises background processing unit, backstage receiving element, background storage and backstage Alarm Unit, and the backstage receiving element is used for the information that the reception environment monitoring device sends; Background storage is used for comprising that environment monitoring device sends the storage of information; The backstage Alarm Unit is used in management station's issue alarm signal; The information stores that background processing unit receives the backstage receiving element in background storage, instruction backstage Alarm Unit issue alarm signal during management station alarm conditions that the information conforms of determining to receive is set.

9. according to the described environmental monitoring system of claim 8, it is characterized in that: environment monitoring device also comprises the image encoding unit, transfers to monitoring unit after being used for according to the instruction of monitoring unit the image information of image-generating unit being encoded; Described monitoring unit comprises the monitoring unit view data that instruction figure generates as coding unit when satisfying the setting report condition in the warning information that management station sends;

Management station also comprises backstage graphics processing unit and backstage display unit, and the backstage graphics processing unit is used for the view data that receives from environment monitoring device is carried out enhancement process; The backstage display unit is used for carrying out the image after the enhancement process and the demonstration of the information of reception.

10. according to the described environmental monitoring system of claim 9, it is characterized in that: environment monitoring device also comprises data acquisition unit and sensing unit, and sensing unit is used at least one environmental parameter measured; Data acquisition unit is used for gathering the measurement result of sensing unit, and transfers to monitoring unit; The monitoring parameter that described monitoring unit calculates the alarm grade also comprises the environmental parameter measurement result that data acquisition unit is gathered;

Also comprise the environmental parameter measurement result in the information of described management station reception environment monitoring device.

11., it is characterized in that the data of storing in the described environment monitoring device memory cell also comprise the weights of image harm value and the weights of environmental parameter measurement result according to the described environmental monitoring system of claim 10; Described monitoring unit calculates the alarm grade according to monitoring parameter and is specially: with the weights weighted average of every environmental parameter measurement result according to correspondence, again with image harm value weighted average;

Described management station determines that the alarm conditions that the information conforms of reception is set are specially: judge the management station's alarm conditions that meet setting according to the image after the enhancement process and every environmental parameter measurement result.

12. according to the described environmental monitoring system of claim 11, it is characterized in that: environment monitoring device also comprises receiving element, is used for the instruction that the receiving management station sends;

The instruction of management station comprises that data report instruction, state to report instruction and parameter change instruction, the monitoring unit of environment monitoring device reports instruction that the view data of image encoding unit generation and the environmental parameter measurement result of data acquisition unit collection are reported to management station by transmitting element according to data, according to described weights of storing in the parameter change instruction modification memory cell and setting report condition, report instruction that the running status of environment monitoring device is reported to management station according to state;

Management station also comprises interface unit and backstage transmitting element, and interface unit is used for receiving query requests or parameter change setting, and transmits it to background processing unit; The backstage transmitting element is used for sending background processing unit is provided with generation according to query requests or parameter change instruction to environment monitoring device.

13. according to any described environment monitoring device of claim 8 to 12, it is characterized in that, environment monitoring device also comprises the alarm signal unit, when the alarm grade surpasses the setting alarm threshold, issues alarm signal in described environmental monitoring installation location according to the control signal of monitoring unit.

14. according to the described environment monitoring device of claim 13, it is characterized in that: the information transmission mode between environment monitoring device and the management station comprises that code division multiple access inserts CDMA, general packet radio service gprs, global system for mobile communications GSM, microwave or the Internet.

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