CN1887373A - Timely capsule medicine releasing set for digestive tract - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种可吞服的消化道微型装置，可用于动物或人体的消化道药物释放及液体采集。该装置包括可密封连接后构成封闭空腔的胶囊外壳、磁开关、电源、电源管理及定时控制单元、驱动单元、弹簧和活塞。其中磁开关、电源、电源管理及定时控制单元和驱动单元位于后部壳体内部，活塞与压缩状态的弹簧通过可熔断丝固定连接在驱动单元的发热电阻上，装在整体胶囊壳体中间部分，活塞在移动前其后端与驱动单元紧密接触，活塞前端的壳体内腔为储药仓，在外壳前端有与外壳内部连通的外向型单向阀(只能向外打开)。胶囊释放药物时间可在胶囊组装过程中进行设定，也可在口服前根据实际情况由便携式胶囊定时控制装置进行设定。该装置施药及采样可靠性高、能耗低、待机时间长、结构简单。

The invention relates to a swallowable digestive tract miniature device, which can be used for drug release and liquid collection in the digestive tract of animals or human bodies. The device comprises a capsule shell which can be sealed and connected to form a closed cavity, a magnetic switch, a power supply, a power supply management and timing control unit, a driving unit, a spring and a piston. Among them, the magnetic switch, power supply, power management and timing control unit and the drive unit are located inside the rear shell, the piston and the spring in the compressed state are fixedly connected to the heating resistor of the drive unit through a fusible wire, and installed in the middle part of the overall capsule shell , the rear end of the piston is in close contact with the drive unit before moving, the housing cavity at the front end of the piston is a drug storage bin, and there is an outward-facing one-way valve (can only be opened outwards) communicated with the inside of the housing at the front end of the housing. The drug release time of the capsule can be set during the capsule assembly process, or can be set by the portable capsule timing control device according to the actual situation before oral administration. The device has high reliability of spraying and sampling, low energy consumption, long standby time and simple structure.

Description

Translated fromChinese

胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置Capsule type digestive tract timed drug release device

                                   技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种可吞服的消化道微型装置，尤其涉及一种消化道定时药物释放装置，可用于在人体或动物的消化道内实现预设时间释放药物。The invention relates to a swallowable digestive tract miniature device, in particular to a digestive tract timing drug release device, which can be used to release drugs at a preset time in the digestive tract of a human body or an animal.

                                   背景技术 Background technique

在消化道内进行定时释放药物用途广泛，特别是在研究药物在消化道不同位置的吸收特性，研究消化道的代谢状况及相关生化特性都具有重要价值。它为新药研发奠定了坚实的基础，为消化道疾病检测提供了辅助手段，因此胶囊式消化道药物释放装置的研究自然成为一个热点。The timed release of drugs in the digestive tract is widely used, especially in the study of the absorption characteristics of drugs in different parts of the digestive tract, and the study of the metabolic status of the digestive tract and related biochemical characteristics are of great value. It has laid a solid foundation for the development of new drugs and provided an auxiliary means for the detection of gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, the research of capsule-type gastrointestinal drug release devices has naturally become a hot spot.

美国专利US 4425117提出了一种消化道指定位置释放物质的装置，该装置分为两个小室，第一室中有个可在压缩弹簧的压力作用下运动的可移动机构，在可移动机构端部有一个针；第二个小室为周围有小孔的储药仓，药物封装于小气球中植入储药仓中；在该装置中间位置有一固定挡板将两小室隔开，在挡板中间与针对应的位置可以被针刺破。该装置到达消化道指定位置时，由外界信号触发释放动作，可移动机构在弹簧压力作用向前运动到一定位置，针刺破挡板并刺破装有药物的气球，气球自身收缩挤压所装容的药物往外释放。该装置存在以下问题：首先，药物释放情况依赖于在储药仓中间位置的储药气球被针刺破的小孔大小及气球内部压力，如果装有药物的气球内部压力不够大，则药物释放速度缓慢；药物粘稠则可能会导致无法释放；其次，由于药物从装置内释放出来的通道为外壳壁上的小孔，而装有药物的气球由于良好的变形性会将这些小孔堵住；另外，即使气球刺破后能够迅速收缩，其收缩力作用只保证了将药物释放到储药仓，而药物从储药仓释放出来依赖于小孔的泄漏，这些小孔会被消化道物质封住，没有适当的外压力药物就无法通过小孔泄漏出来。U.S. Patent US 4425117 proposes a device for releasing substances at a designated position in the digestive tract. There is a needle at the top; the second small chamber is a drug storage bin with small holes around it, and the drug is packaged in a small balloon and implanted in the drug storage bin; there is a fixed baffle in the middle of the device to separate the two small chambers. The position corresponding to the needle in the middle can be pierced by the needle. When the device reaches the designated position of the digestive tract, the release action is triggered by an external signal, and the movable mechanism moves forward to a certain position under the action of the spring pressure. The contained medicine is released outside. This device has the following problems: First, the release of the drug depends on the size of the small hole pierced by the needle in the drug storage balloon in the middle of the drug storage chamber and the internal pressure of the balloon. If the internal pressure of the balloon containing the drug is not large enough, the drug will be released The speed is slow; the drug is viscous and may not be released; secondly, because the channel for the drug to be released from the device is a small hole on the wall of the shell, and the balloon containing the drug will block these small holes due to its good deformability In addition, even if the balloon can shrink rapidly after being punctured, its contraction force only guarantees the release of the drug into the drug storage chamber, and the release of the drug from the drug storage chamber depends on the leakage of the small holes, which will be absorbed by the digestive tract substances. Sealed, the drug cannot leak out through the small hole without proper external pressure.

                                    发明内容Contents of Invention

本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种释放药物效果好，可靠性高，能耗低，工作时间长，结构简单的胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a capsule-type digestive tract timing drug release device with good drug release effect, high reliability, low energy consumption, long working time and simple structure.

本发明的技术方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

本胶囊式消化道药物释放装置，包括有前端壳体和后端壳体经密封连接后构成封闭空腔的胶囊外壳、磁开关、电源、电源管理及定时控制单元、驱动单元和活塞。其中磁开关、电源、电源管理及定时控制单元和驱动单元的一部分被密封位于后端壳体内部，驱动单元穿过密封层与前端壳体内的活塞连接，活塞前方的壳体内腔为储液仓，并在前端壳体的前端设置至少一个与储药仓内部连通的外向型单向阀。活塞在未被驱动前被固定在前端壳体的底部。The capsule drug release device for digestive tract comprises a capsule shell, a magnetic switch, a power supply, a power management and timing control unit, a drive unit and a piston, which are sealed and connected by a front shell and a rear shell to form a closed cavity. Among them, the magnetic switch, power supply, power management and timing control unit and part of the drive unit are sealed inside the rear shell, and the drive unit passes through the sealing layer to connect with the piston in the front shell, and the cavity in front of the piston is the liquid storage tank , and at least one outward-facing one-way valve communicated with the interior of the drug storage bin is provided at the front end of the front-end housing. The piston is fixed to the bottom of the front housing until it is driven.

所述的驱动单元可以采用发热电阻、熔断丝和弹簧组成，活塞与压缩状态的弹簧通过熔断丝固定连接在发热电阻上，将活塞固定前端壳体底部。The drive unit can be composed of a heating resistor, a fuse and a spring. The piston and the compressed spring are fixedly connected to the heating resistor through a fuse, and the piston is fixed to the bottom of the front end housing.

胶囊释放药物时间可在胶囊组装过程中进行设定，也可在口服前根据实际情况由便携式胶囊定时控制装置进行设定。The drug release time of the capsule can be set during the capsule assembly process, or can be set by the portable capsule timing control device according to the actual situation before oral administration.

本发明的工作过程如下：该微型胶囊在体外装配好后，携带药物从口腔进入人体消化道，在到达预设时间后由定时控制单元发出动作指令。驱动单元接到动作命令后，由发热电阻熔断可熔断丝，释放预先存储的机械能，弹簧(耐腐材料或具有防腐涂层)推动活塞向胶囊顶部运动，进而使储液仓的压力加大，迫使外向型单向阀打开，药物通过外向型单向阀流出并进入消化道，在活塞到达外壳顶部后，弹簧行程结束，由于单向阀阀片自身弹性力的作用使单向阀自动关闭，胶囊内部与外界隔绝。The working process of the present invention is as follows: after the microcapsule is assembled outside the body, it carries medicine from the oral cavity into the digestive tract of the human body, and the timing control unit issues an action command after reaching the preset time. After the drive unit receives the action command, the fusible wire is fused by the heating resistor to release the pre-stored mechanical energy, and the spring (corrosion-resistant material or anti-corrosion coating) pushes the piston to move to the top of the capsule, thereby increasing the pressure of the liquid storage chamber. Force the outward-type one-way valve to open, and the drug flows out through the outward-type one-way valve and enters the digestive tract. After the piston reaches the top of the casing, the spring stroke ends, and the one-way valve automatically closes due to the elastic force of the one-way valve plate itself. The inside of the capsule is isolated from the outside world.

本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下的技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

1、可预设时间独立释放药物，无需外界控制。1. The drug can be released independently at a preset time without external control.

2、结构简单可靠性高。2. Simple structure and high reliability.

3、装置空间利用率高。3. High utilization rate of installation space.

4、能耗低，工作时间长，通过电源管理模块的高质量控制延长工作时间，减小装置携带电池数量。4. Low energy consumption and long working hours. The high-quality control of the power management module prolongs the working time and reduces the number of batteries carried by the device.

                                    附图说明Description of drawings

图1是胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置动作前的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capsule-type digestive tract timed drug release device before action.

图2是胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置动作过程中的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capsule-type digestive tract timed drug release device during operation.

图3是胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置的动作后结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capsule-type digestive tract timed drug release device after action.

图4是胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置的驱动机构部分的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the driving mechanism of the capsule-type digestive tract timed drug release device.

图5是电源管理及定时控制单元的控制原理框图。Fig. 5 is a control principle block diagram of the power management and timing control unit.

其中：1、后端壳体2、磁开关3、电源4、电源管理及定时控制单元5、驱动单元6、弹簧7、橡胶活塞8、储液仓9、前端壳体10、外向型单向阀11、熔断丝12、发热电阻13、晶体振荡器14、输出信号至驱动机构15、电容Among them: 1. Back-end housing 2,magnetic switch 3,power supply 4, power management andtiming control unit 5,drive unit 6,spring 7,rubber piston 8,liquid storage tank 9, front-end housing 10, outward-facing one-way Valve 11,fuse 12,heating resistor 13,crystal oscillator 14, output signal todrive mechanism 15, capacitor

                                  具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described.

本发明的实施例如图1所示，整体外型尺寸约为φ11×30毫米。The embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, and the overall dimensions are about φ11×30 mm.

本发明的胶囊外壳由前端壳体9和后端壳体1两段密封连接而成，定时控制机构包括磁开关2、电源3、电源管理及定时控制单元4和驱动单元5。其中驱动单元5主要由发热电阻12、高强度可熔断丝11和弹簧6构成(见图4所示)，电源3为纽扣电池。其中磁开关2、电源3、电源管理及定时控制单元4和驱动单元5的发热电阻12被密封在后端壳体1内，前端壳体9内则装有活塞7和驱动单元5的高强度可熔断丝11和弹簧6。在活塞运动前，活塞7与压缩状态的弹簧6通过可熔断丝11固定连接在发热电阻12上，位于前端壳体底部，活塞7前端的壳体内腔为储药仓8(容积可变)用于储存药物，活塞与壳体内壁滑动配合，在前端壳体9的前端设置有一个与储药仓8内部连通的外向型单向阀10。动作前，弹簧6处于未释放状态，活塞7被固定于前端壳体底端，如图2所示；当到达预设时间后，电源管理及定时控制单元4发出动作指令，通过驱动单元5控制弹簧6释放机械能，活塞7在弹簧6的作用下向前运动，将储药仓8中预置的药物通过外向型单向阀10排出。在活塞7到达胶囊内部顶部后，弹簧6行程结束，外向型单向阀10的阀片在自身弹性力的作用下自动关闭。其后胶囊在新陈代谢作用下随粪便自行排出体外，如图3所示。The capsule shell of the present invention is composed of two sections of thefront shell 9 and therear shell 1 which are hermetically connected. The timing control mechanism includes amagnetic switch 2 , apower supply 3 , a power management andtiming control unit 4 and adrive unit 5 . Wherein thedriving unit 5 is mainly composed of aheating resistor 12, a high-strength fusible wire 11 and a spring 6 (as shown in FIG. 4 ), and thepower supply 3 is a button battery. Among them, themagnetic switch 2, thepower supply 3, the power supply management andtiming control unit 4, and theheating resistor 12 of thedrive unit 5 are sealed in therear shell 1, and thefront shell 9 is equipped with a high-strength piston 7 and thedrive unit 5.Fusible wire 11 andspring 6. Before the piston moves, thepiston 7 and thespring 6 in the compressed state are fixedly connected to theheating resistor 12 through thefusible wire 11, and are located at the bottom of the front end housing. For storing medicine, the piston slides with the inner wall of the casing, and an outward-facing one-way valve 10 communicating with the inside of themedicine storage bin 8 is provided at the front end of thefront casing 9 . Before the action, thespring 6 is in an unreleased state, and thepiston 7 is fixed at the bottom of the front housing, as shown in Figure 2; when the preset time is reached, the power management andtiming control unit 4 issues an action command, which is controlled by thedrive unit 5 Thespring 6 releases the mechanical energy, and thepiston 7 moves forward under the action of thespring 6 to discharge the medicine preset in themedicine storage bin 8 through the outward one-way valve 10 . After thepiston 7 reaches the inner top of the capsule, the stroke of thespring 6 ends, and the valve plate of the outward-facingcheck valve 10 automatically closes under the action of its own elastic force. Thereafter, the capsule is automatically excreted with the feces under the action of metabolism, as shown in FIG. 3 .

本发明采用的定时控制机构可采用现有成熟的定时控制技术来实现，其基本控制原理参见图5，图中13是晶体振荡器，14是电源管理及定时控制单元4至驱动单元5的输出信号，15是电容，其中电源管理及定时控制单元4对电源3进行控制(延长整体系统工作时间)，并可预先设定释放触发时间，到达设定时间后发出触发信号至驱动单元5，驱动活塞7向前运动达到释放药物的目的。The timing control mechanism that the present invention adopts can adopt existing ripe timing control technology to realize, and its basic control principle is referring to Fig. 5, and among the figure 13 is crystal oscillator, and 14 is the output of power management andtiming control unit 4 to driveunit 5 Signal, 15 is a capacitor, wherein the power supply management andtiming control unit 4 controls the power supply 3 (to extend the overall system working time), and the release trigger time can be preset, and after reaching the set time, a trigger signal is sent to thedrive unit 5 to drive Thepiston 7 moves forward to achieve the purpose of releasing the medicine.

Claims (2)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置，其特征在于：它具有胶囊外壳、定时控制机构和活塞；胶囊外壳由后端壳体(1)和前端壳体(9)两部分密封连接而成，定时控制机构包括磁开关(2)、电源(3)、电源管理及定时控制单元(4)和驱动单元(5)，其中磁开关(2)、电源(3)、电源管理及定时控制单元(4)和驱动单元(5)的一部分被密封于后端壳体(1)的内；驱动单元(5)穿过密封层与前端壳体(9)内的活塞(7)连接，活塞(7)前方的壳体内腔为储药仓(8)，并在前端壳体(9)的前端设置至少一个与储药仓(8)内部连通的外向型单向阀(10)。1. A capsule type digestive tract timing drug release device is characterized in that: it has a capsule shell, a timing control mechanism and a piston; the capsule shell is sealed and connected by two parts of the rear end housing (1) and the front end housing (9). The timing control mechanism includes a magnetic switch (2), a power supply (3), a power management and timing control unit (4) and a drive unit (5), wherein the magnetic switch (2), power supply (3), power management and timing control A part of the unit (4) and the driving unit (5) is sealed in the rear housing (1); the driving unit (5) passes through the sealing layer and connects with the piston (7) in the front housing (9), and the piston (7) The inner cavity of the housing in front is the drug storage bin (8), and at least one outward-facing one-way valve (10) communicating with the inside of the drug storage bin (8) is provided at the front end of the front end housing (9).2、根据权利要求1所述的胶囊式消化道定时药物释放装置，其特征在于：所述驱动单元包括发热电阻(12)、熔断丝(11)和弹簧(6)，活塞(7)与压缩状态的弹簧(6)通过熔断丝(11)固定连接在发热电阻(12)上，将活塞(8)固定前端壳体底部。2. The capsule-type digestive tract timing drug release device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive unit includes a heating resistor (12), a fuse (11) and a spring (6), the piston (7) and the compression The spring (6) of the state is fixedly connected on the heating resistor (12) by the fuse (11), and the piston (8) is fixed to the bottom of the front end housing.

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