CN1790935A - ASC realizing method in switching single board load - Google Patents
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- CN1790935A CN1790935ACN 200410101209CN200410101209ACN1790935ACN 1790935 ACN1790935 ACN 1790935ACN 200410101209CN200410101209CN 200410101209CN 200410101209 ACN200410101209 ACN 200410101209ACN 1790935 ACN1790935 ACN 1790935A
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Abstract
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Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信设备中的单板保护技术，更具体的说，本发明涉及一种倒换单板加载中的主备倒换实现方法。The present invention relates to a single board protection technology in communication equipment, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for realizing active/standby switching in switching single board loading.
背景技术Background technique
在现有通信系统中，如一些核心交换机等通信设备是由多块单板插接而成的，各个单板之间可以相互通信，同时也可以和外界通过外接接口进行通信。因此对这些通信设备中的单板进行主备保护，特别是对业务处理单板进行主备保护，使业务处理单板在发生故障时，能够及时切换到备用的业务处理单板上继续工作，这将对通信稳定性起到非常重要的作用。In the existing communication system, communication equipment such as some core switches are formed by plugging multiple single boards, and each single board can communicate with each other, and can also communicate with the outside world through an external interface. Therefore, active/standby protection is performed on the single boards in these communication devices, especially the active/standby protection on the business processing single board, so that when the business processing single board fails, it can be switched to the standby business processing single board in time to continue working. This will play a very important role in communication stability.
另外，上述通信设备中的单板在启动和升级时需要从自身的闪存flash或后台服务器加载运行的软件和相应数据。具体的，加载时首先启动引导程序，在所述引导程序启动完成后继续进行应用程序加载，下面简单说明应用程序的加载过程：In addition, the single board in the above-mentioned communication device needs to load running software and corresponding data from its own flash memory or background server when starting and upgrading. Specifically, when loading, first start the boot program, and continue to load the application program after the boot program is started. The following briefly describes the loading process of the application program:
单板引导程序启动后向加载服务器广播发送一个加载信息请求，该加载请求中包括请求单板的板类型、物理地址以及其他相关信息；加载服务器根据收到的单板类型和物理地址等信息向指定地址的单板回送响应，通知该单板加载服务器的地址、需要加载的文件名等信息；然后该单板就可以和加载服务器之间通过获取的信息，进行应用程序的加载文件的传输；该单板将收到的加载文件放到内存指定位置，当完成加载后，该单板跳转到指定的应用程序起始位置开始运行。After the board boot program is started, it broadcasts a loading information request to the loading server, which includes the board type, physical address and other relevant information of the requested board; The board at the specified address sends back a response, notifying the board of the address of the loading server, the name of the file to be loaded, and other information; then the board can transfer the loading file of the application program with the loading server through the obtained information; The single board puts the received loading file into the designated location of the memory, and when the loading is completed, the single board jumps to the designated starting position of the application program to start running.
目前，对于设置主备倒换的倒换单板在加载中进行主备倒换时，通常在引导程序加载和应用程序加载中都需进行相应的倒换处理，通常在引导程序和应用程序中单板都使用相同的与倒换单板主备状态绑定的物理地址，这种情况下，在实现主备倒换时，不论是引导程序还是应用程序中都需要进行物理地址的倒换处理，例如，在当前的引导程序中，由于其物理地址与倒换单板的主备状态绑定，因此当倒换单板发生主备倒换，例如备板升为主板时，该倒换单板可能处于加载的任意一个流程点上，为此，可采用下述方法进行倒换处理：At present, when the main/standby switchover is performed on the switching board that is set for active/standby switching, it is usually necessary to perform corresponding switching processing during the loading of the boot program and the loading of the application program. Usually, the single board uses the The same physical address is bound to the active/standby state of the switching board. In this case, when implementing active/standby switching, both the boot program and the application program need to switch the physical address. For example, in the current boot In the program, because its physical address is bound to the active/standby state of the switching board, when the switching board occurs active/standby switching, for example, when the standby board is upgraded to the main board, the switching board may be at any process point of loading, To this end, the following methods can be used for switching processing:
1.在引导程序中定义一个倒换标志；1. Define a switching flag in the bootloader;
2.当发生倒换时，则设置该倒换标志，并修改倒换单板的物理地址；2. When switching occurs, set the switching flag and modify the physical address of the switching board;
3.在加载的每一个阶段结束时，判断是否设置有倒换标志，如果有则进行跳转，重新执行加载过程，并清除掉该倒换标志。3. At the end of each stage of loading, it is judged whether a switching flag is set, and if so, a jump is performed, the loading process is re-executed, and the switching flag is cleared.
上述现有技术可实现倒换单板加载中的主备倒换，但还存在如下的缺点：The above-mentioned prior art can realize the active-standby switching in the loading of switching boards, but there are still the following disadvantages:
首先，在引导程序启动过程中发生主备倒换时需要修改倒换单板的物理地址，该修改涉及IP层相关协议处理，这些处理需要使用操作系统提供的相关接口，而在实际使用中操作系统的相关功能往往存在缺陷，这些缺陷对于应用程序可以通过软件升级解决，而对于引导程序则涉及到硬件换板；First of all, when the active/standby switchover occurs during the startup of the boot program, the physical address of the switching board needs to be modified. This modification involves IP layer-related protocol processing, which requires the use of relevant interfaces provided by the operating system. In actual use, the operating system There are often defects in related functions. These defects can be solved by software upgrades for applications, and hardware replacement boards are involved for boot programs;
其次，由于引导程序启动中涉及多个过程，在每个过程都需要判断是否发生了主备倒换，以便进行跳转操作，而跳转是软件设计中需要尽量避免的，且每一个跳转都要考虑资源的申请释放以及信号量是否死锁等问题，造成软件处理流程复杂且容易出错，降低了系统的稳定性和开发速度。Secondly, since multiple processes are involved in the startup of the boot program, it is necessary to determine whether a master-standby switchover has occurred in each process in order to perform jump operations, and jumps need to be avoided in software design as much as possible, and each jump is It is necessary to consider the application release of resources and whether the semaphore is deadlocked, which makes the software processing process complicated and error-prone, and reduces the stability and development speed of the system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种倒换单板加载中的主备倒换实现方法，以简化倒换单板主备倒换的处理流程，提高系统的稳定性和开发速度。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for implementing active-standby switching in switching single-board loading, so as to simplify the processing flow of switching single-board active-standby switching and improve system stability and development speed.
为解决上述问题，本发明的倒换单板加载中的主备倒换实现方法，包括步骤：In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method for realizing active-standby switching in switching board loading of the present invention comprises the steps of:
A.预设对应所述倒换单板的第一物理地址、对应所述倒换单板主用状态的第二物理地址以及对应所述倒换单板备用状态的第三物理地址；A. preset the first physical address corresponding to the switching board, the second physical address corresponding to the active state of the switching board, and the third physical address corresponding to the standby state of the switching board;
B.启动所述倒换单板的引导程序，然后加载应用程序并使能主备工作状态，其中所述引导程序中设置所述倒换单板的物理地址为所述第一物理地址，所述加载的应用程序中设置所述倒换单板的物理地址为相应所述倒换单板主备状态的第二或第三物理地址；B. Start the boot program of the switching single board, then load the application program and enable the active and standby working state, wherein the physical address of the switching single board is set as the first physical address in the boot program, and the loading Setting the physical address of the switching board in the application program is the second or third physical address corresponding to the active/standby state of the switching board;
C.所述倒换单板的主备状态改变时，将所述倒换单板应用程序中设置的所述倒换单板的物理地址修改为需倒换的主备状态对应的物理地址以进行相应主备倒换。C. When the active/standby state of the switching board changes, modify the physical address of the switching board set in the switching board application program to the physical address corresponding to the active/standby state to be switched for corresponding active/standby switch.
其中，步骤B加载应用程序包括：Wherein, step B loading application program includes:
倒换单板向加载服务器发送包含所述第一物理地址信息的加载请求；switching the single board and sending a loading request including the first physical address information to the loading server;
加载服务器根据所述第一物理地址向该倒换单板返回应用程序的加载数据。The loading server returns the loading data of the application program to the switching board according to the first physical address.
其中，所述第一物理地址、第二物理地址和第三物理地址均为MAC地址。Wherein, the first physical address, the second physical address and the third physical address are all MAC addresses.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
首先，本发明中在引导程序设置与主备倒换无关的第一物理地址，而在应用程序设置与主备倒换状态绑定的第二或第三物理地址，即在引导程序启动过程中不需要修改物理地址，避免了现有技术存在的主备倒换时由于引导程序修改而需硬件换板的问题；First of all, in the present invention, the first physical address that has nothing to do with active/standby switching is set in the boot program, and the second or third physical address bound to the active/standby switching state is set in the application program, that is, no Modifying the physical address avoids the problem of changing the hardware board due to the modification of the boot program during the master-standby switchover in the prior art;
其次，本发明中在引导程序中设置的物理地址与主备状态无关，引导程序启动中涉及的过程不需要像现有技术一样判断是否发生了主备倒换，以及进行跳转操作等，软件处理流程相对简单，提高了系统的稳定性和开发速度。Secondly, in the present invention, the physical address set in the boot program has nothing to do with the master-standby state, and the process involved in the boot program startup does not need to judge whether the master-standby switchover has taken place, and perform jump operations, etc., as in the prior art, software processing The process is relatively simple, which improves the stability and development speed of the system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明倒换单板加载中的主备倒换实现方法的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for realizing active/standby switching in switching single board loading according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的核心在于单板的引导程序和应用程序中分别使用各自的物理地址，其中引导程序设置的物理地址与倒换无关，仅与单板(位置或本身)绑定，应用程序中的物理地址与主备状态绑定，从而避免倒换实现的复杂性。The core of the present invention is that the boot program of the single board and the application program use respective physical addresses respectively, wherein the physical address set by the boot program has nothing to do with switching, but only binds with the single board (position or itself), and the physical address in the application program It is bound to the active and standby states, thus avoiding the complexity of switching implementation.
参考图1，该图是本发明单板加载中进行主备倒换的流程图。Referring to FIG. 1 , this figure is a flow chart of active/standby switchover during single board loading in the present invention.
步骤10，预设对应所述倒换单板的第一物理地址，对应所述倒换单板主用状态的第二物理地址以及对应所述倒换单板备用状态的第三物理地址，其中所述第一物理地址应用于该倒换单板的引导程序，而所述第二和第三物理地址用于该倒换单板的应用程序，也即引导程序和应用程序采用不同的物理地址。
步骤11，启动所述倒换单板的引导程序，其中所述引导程序中设置所述倒换单板的物理地址为所述第一物理地址，即引导程序中倒换单板的物理地址与主备状态无关，引导程序启动过程中不进行主备倒换，在引导程序启动后，开始加载应用程序并使能主备工作状态，具体实现时，与现有技术相同，加载应用程序时可执行如下流程：第一步，倒换单板向加载服务器发送包含所述第一物理地址信息的加载请求；第二步，加载服务器根据所述第一物理地址向该倒换单板返回加载数据；
需要说明的是，本发明中所述加载的应用程序中设置所述倒换单板的物理地址为相应所述倒换单板主备状态的第二或第三物理地址，也即应用程序中倒换单板的物理地址与主备状态绑定，若主备状态改变，需进行相应倒换操作。It should be noted that, in the application program loaded in the present invention, the physical address of the switching board is set to be the second or third physical address corresponding to the active/standby state of the switching board, that is, the switching board in the application program The physical address of the board is bound to the active/standby status. If the active/standby status changes, a corresponding switching operation is required.
步骤12，所述倒换单板的主备状态改变时，将所述倒换单板应用程序中设置的所述倒换单板的物理地址修改为需倒换的主备状态对应的物理地址以进行相应主备倒换，也即在引导程序加载时不进行主备倒换，而是在应用程序修改相应主备状态的物理地址进行主备倒换。
下面以具体的实施例进行说明，本实施例中以使用IP通信协议时的以太网倒换单板进行说明，前面所述的倒换单板的物理地址即MAC地址。The following describes specific embodiments. In this embodiment, an Ethernet switching board using the IP communication protocol is used for description. The physical address of the aforementioned switching board is the MAC address.
其中单板的引导程序的48位MAC地址的后16位如表一所示(高32位取固定值)：The last 16 bits of the 48-bit MAC address of the boot program of the board are shown in Table 1 (the upper 32 bits are fixed values):
表一
引导程序中采用非主备方式，则Flag取0，应用程序中如果工作在主备状态，则flag取1。If the non-active/standby mode is adopted in the boot program, the flag is set to 0, and if the application is in the active/standby state, the flag is set to 1.
框号和端口号两个都和单板的物理位置相关。Both the frame number and the port number are related to the physical location of the board.
槽位号对于flag＝0，非主备应用下，表示物理槽位号，与物理位置相关，而当flag＝1时，该槽位号为逻辑槽位号，跟随单板的主备状态倒换而切换。For flag=0, in non-active/standby applications, the slot number indicates the physical slot number, which is related to the physical location. When flag=1, the slot number is the logical slot number, which follows the master/standby state switching of the board And switch.
本实施例中假设有2块倒换单板BRDA、BRDB，其框号取0，物理槽位分别为7、8两个槽位，端口号取0。其在引导程序为非主备工作，在应用程序中为主备工作。In this embodiment, it is assumed that there are two switching boards BRDA and BRDB, the frame number of which is 0, the physical slots are respectively 7 and 8, and the port number is 0. It works as non-active and standby in the boot program, and works as active and standby in the application program.
启动时，设置引导程序中单板的MAC地址低16位如下：When starting up, set the lower 16 bits of the MAC address of the board in the boot program as follows:
BRDA：00000,00111,0,00000=0000,0001,1100,0000=0×01C0BRDA: 00000,00111,0,00000=0000,0001,1100,0000=0×01C0
BRDB：00000,01000,0,00000=0000,0010,0000,0000=0×0200BRDB: 00000,01000,0,00000=0000,0010,0000,0000=0×0200
到应用程序中，当BRDA为备用单板，BRDB为主用单板时，BRDA的逻辑槽位号为8，BRDB的逻辑槽位号为7，则对应的MAC地址低16位如下：In the application program, when BRDA is the standby board and BRDB is the main board, the logical slot number of BRDA is 8, and the logical slot number of BRDB is 7, and the corresponding lower 16 bits of the MAC address are as follows:
BRDA(备用)：00000,01000,1,00000=0000,0010,0010,0000=0×0220BRDA (standby): 00000,01000,1,00000=0000,0010,0010,0000=0×0220
BRDB(主用)：00000,00111,1,00000=0000,0001,1110,0000=0×01e0BRDB (primary): 00000,00111,1,00000=0000,0001,1110,0000=0×01e0
如果发生倒换，则BRDA倒换为主用单板，BRDB倒换为备用单板If a switchover occurs, BRDA is switched to be the active board, and BRDB is switched to be the standby board.
对应MAC地址切换如下：The corresponding MAC address switching is as follows:
BRDA(主用)：00000,00111,1,00000=0000,0001,1110,0000＝0×01eBRDA (primary): 00000,00111,1,00000=0000,0001,1110,0000=0×01e
BRDB(备用)：000000,01000,1,00000=0000,0010,0010,0000=0×0220BRDB (standby): 000000,01000,1,00000=0000,0010,0010,0000=0×0220
综上，本发明在引导程序启动时不需要考虑主备倒换问题，也即不需要进行程序执行的各个阶段中的跳转等操作，程序代码设计的复杂度大大降低了，在实际应用中可降低引导程序开发和测性的工作量，提高系统的稳定性和开发速度。To sum up, the present invention does not need to consider the problem of master-standby switchover when the boot program starts, that is, it does not need to perform operations such as jumps in various stages of program execution, and the complexity of program code design is greatly reduced. Reduce the workload of bootloader development and testing, and improve the stability and development speed of the system.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101159606B (en)* | 2007-11-09 | 2010-07-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and network device for solving address conflict |
| CN103346903A (en)* | 2013-06-20 | 2013-10-09 | 北京捷成世纪科技股份有限公司 | Dual-machine backup method and device |
| CN107547277A (en)* | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-05 | 新华三技术有限公司 | One kind virtualization control panel implementation method and network communication equipment |
| CN113961260A (en)* | 2021-12-21 | 2022-01-21 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | System control software operation method, system, computer device and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1199366C (en)* | 2002-08-28 | 2005-04-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method of realizing main control plate thermal redundancy |
| CN100359818C (en)* | 2002-12-30 | 2008-01-02 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Device and method for realizing backup of single plate |
| JP2004227143A (en)* | 2003-01-21 | 2004-08-12 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Information processor and information processing method |
| CN1286303C (en)* | 2003-02-26 | 2006-11-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Backup method for Ethernet port connected to Internet protocol network |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101159606B (en)* | 2007-11-09 | 2010-07-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and network device for solving address conflict |
| CN103346903A (en)* | 2013-06-20 | 2013-10-09 | 北京捷成世纪科技股份有限公司 | Dual-machine backup method and device |
| CN103346903B (en)* | 2013-06-20 | 2017-02-15 | 北京捷成世纪科技股份有限公司 | Dual-machine backup method and device |
| CN107547277A (en)* | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-05 | 新华三技术有限公司 | One kind virtualization control panel implementation method and network communication equipment |
| CN107547277B (en)* | 2017-08-29 | 2020-09-08 | 新华三技术有限公司 | Method for realizing virtualization control board and network communication equipment |
| CN113961260A (en)* | 2021-12-21 | 2022-01-21 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | System control software operation method, system, computer device and storage medium |
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