CN1333005C - Supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent, its preparation method and uses - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供了一种超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂及其制备方法和该紫外光吸收剂的用途。本发明利用水滑石具有可插层组装的特点，在水滑石层间插入5-苯并三唑-4-羟基-3-异丁基-苯磺酸(5-benzotriazolyl-4-hydroxy-3-sec-butylbenzenesulfonic acid，简称BZO)的阴离子(酸根)，制备层间客体为BZO阴离子(C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-)的超分子插层结构材料。该超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂的化学组成式为[M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂](C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-_x·mH₂O，对280-370nm波段紫外光的吸收率大于90%。该超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂的热稳定性与插层客体BZO相比有显著的提高，其层间物种的明显分解温度在450℃左右。超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂可用作如聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、丙烯氰-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)以及聚氨酯等易光氧降解树脂的耐光老化添加剂。The invention provides a supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet light absorber, a preparation method thereof and an application of the ultraviolet light absorber. The present invention utilizes the feature of intercalation assembly of hydrotalcite, and inserts 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl-benzenesulfonic acid (5-benzotriazolyl-4-hydroxy-3- sec-butylbenzenesulfonic acid, referred to as BZO) anion (acid radical), to prepare supramolecular intercalation structure material whose interlayer guest is BZO anion (C₁₆ H₁₆ N₃ O₄ S)^- ). The chemical composition formula of the supramolecular intercalation UV absorber is [M²⁺_1-x M³⁺_x (OH)₂ ](C₁₆ H₁₆ N₃ O₄ S)^-_x ·mH₂ O, for The absorption rate of ultraviolet light in the 280-370nm band is greater than 90%. Compared with the intercalation guest BZO, the thermal stability of the supramolecular intercalation UV absorber is significantly improved, and the apparent decomposition temperature of the interlayer species is around 450°C. Supramolecular intercalated UV absorbers can be used as light aging resistance additives for resins such as polypropylene, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and polyurethane, which are prone to photo-oxygen degradation.

Description

Supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent and its production and use

Technical field

The present invention relates to the purposes of a kind of supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent and preparation method thereof and this ultraviolet absorbers.

Background technology

Other high molecular polymer of Polyolefin and is easy to take place photochemical degradation under ultraviolet irradiation, thereby causes physical property to change, and reduces as elasticity, and material becomes fragile, and finally loses physical strength etc.5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid (5-benzotriazolyl-4-hydroxy-3-sec-butylbenzenesulfonic acid, be called for short BZO) UV-light is had strong sorption, UV-light to 200～400nm wave band has strong sorption, but, the report that domestic and foreign literature is studied this compound and use as uv-absorbing agent is few, and the bath that only is applied to wool or textiles is dyed fixation or added the report that suppresses the paper flavescence in the paper pulp.Investigate the thermostability of this compound and find that its color and luster transfers brown to by white when being heated to 120 ℃ of left and right sides, because structure changes, the uv-absorbing ability weakens greatly simultaneously.Use man-hour 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid as ultraviolet absorbers if add at matrix material, because this compound Decomposition at high temperature, not only can't absorb the effect of ultraviolet ray performance anti-light aging, also will make the serious painted and pollution of composite product.In addition, 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid at room temperature is slightly soluble in water, and soluble in water behind the salify, resistant to extraction and water-wash resistance are all relatively poor in matrix material, can't efficiently use for a long time.Therefore, as if the ultraviolet absorbers of wanting used as the polymer plastic goods, at first must improve its thermostability.

Hydrotalcite (Layered Double Hydroxides, be abbreviated as LDHs) be the important novel inorganic functional materials of a class, because of the Modulatory character of its structure and composition, obtained application more and more widely at composite rubber-plastic material aspect preparing as functional additive.LDHs has intercalation, and the control certain condition can thereby make structure and form corresponding the variation be taken place with the original negatively charged ion of displacement between new negatively charged ion interposed layer.Result of study shows that its thermostability increased substantially after the LDHs interlayer was inserted in organic anion.The present invention utilizes the interchangeability of LDHs interlayer ion, interlayer with 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid negatively charged ion insertion LDHs precursor prepares the intercalation configuration ultraviolet absorbers that a kind of good heat stability also can improve the ageing resistance by ultraviolet light ability of matrix material.This intercalation configuration ultraviolet absorbers brought into play the LDHs laminate to the shielding effect of UV-light and 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid negatively charged ion to the sorption of UV-light, will further strengthen the obstructing capacity of UV-light.

Document Qinglin He, Shu Yin, Tsugio Sato, " Synthesis and PhotochemicalProperties of Zinc-Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide/Organic UV RayAbsorbing Molecule/Silica Nanocomposites ", Journal of Physics and Chemistry ofSolids, 65 (12), 395-402 (2004) has reported Whitfield's ointment, the preparation of 6 kinds of organic uv absorbers intercalated houghite materials such as benzophenone sodium sulfonate, wherein do not relate to 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid, Wen Zhongwei studies any thermostability in 6 kinds of intercalation products, also not with the research contents of these 6 kinds of intercalation products as the plastics ultraviolet absorbers.

Document S.Guo, D.Li, W. Zhang, M.P, David G E., X.Duan, Preparation of ananionic azo pigment-pillared layered double hydroxide and the thermo-andphotostability of the resulting intercalated material, J.Solid State Chem.177,4597-4604 (2004) have prepared the LDHs of permanent bordeaux F5R intercalation, and the thermostability of product is significantly improved.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent; Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent; A further object of the invention provides the purposes of such ultraviolet absorbers.

But the present invention utilizes hydrotalcite to have the performance of intercalation assembling, and at hydrotalcite layers intercalation assembling 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid (BZO) negatively charged ion (acid group), object is BZO negatively charged ion (C between prepared layer₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-) the intercalation configuration material.

This supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent chemical constitution formula is:

[M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂](C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-_xmH₂O，

0.2≤x≤0.33 wherein, m is an interlayer crystal water molecule number, 0≤m≤2;

M²⁺, M³⁺Represent laminate divalence, trivalent metal ion respectively, M²⁺Be Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺Or Cu²⁺In any, M²⁺Preferred Zn²⁺Or Mg²⁺, M³⁺Be Al³⁺, Co³⁺, Fe³⁺, Ti³⁺Or Ga³⁺In any, M³⁺Preferred Al³⁺M+/M³⁺Mol ratio is 2-4: 1.

The obvious decomposition temperature of this supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent interlayer organic species about 450 ℃, to 280-370nm wave band uv absorption rate greater than 90%.

The concrete preparation process of supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent is as follows:

A. in the reactor that band stirs, add respectively and take off CO₂Deionized water and hydrotalcite LDHs precursor also fully mix the hydrotalcite precursor suspension that configuration concentration is 0.05-0.15M;

Used hydrotalcite precursor is that interlayer anion is NO₃^-Or CO₃^2-Hydrotalcite, its structural formula is: [M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂] [NO₃^-_xMH₂O] or [M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂] [CO₃^2-_X/2MH₂O], 0.2≤x≤0.33 wherein, m is an interlayer crystal water molecule number, 0≤m≤2; M²⁺/ M³⁺Mol ratio is 2-4: 1; M²⁺Be Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺Or Cu²⁺In any, M²⁺Preferred Zn²⁺Or Mg²⁺M³⁺Be Al³⁺, Co³⁺, Fe³⁺, Ti³⁺Or Ga³⁺Any in the trivalent metal ion, M³⁺Preferred Al³⁺The hydrotalcite preparation method sees patent CN99119385.7.

B. with BZO with take off CO₂The deionized water compound concentration is the aqueous solution of 0.05-0.2M, and adjusting the pH value of solution value with NaOH is 3.5-8, dissolves fully to BZO;

C. in the following stirring fast of nitrogen protection; the limit is with in the suspension in the described reactor of BZO solution adding steps A of step B preparation; the add-on of BZO solution should satisfy that to mix the ratio that can hold the anionic theoretical molar number of BZO in the system of back between BZO negatively charged ion mole number and hydrotalcite precursor layer be 1-3: 1; under 25-100 ℃ of temperature condition crystallization 2-10 hour; filter; washing, drying obtains the hydrotalcite of BZO intercalation.

Intercalated houghite is carried out XRD, IR characterize demonstration (seeing Fig. 1,2), negatively charged ion has been assembled into stratified material LDHs interlayer.Learn that by the TG-DTA analysis the obvious decomposition temperature of BZO is 240 ℃ of (see figure 3)s, and the obvious decomposition temperature of intercalation product is brought up to 450 ℃ of left and right sides (see figure 4)s, and do not had obvious variable color.The ultraviolet absorption curve of measuring by UV-vis shows, its to 280-370nm wave band uv absorption rate greater than 90% (see figure 5).

Supermolecular interlayer structured ultraviolet light absorbent of the present invention is well-dispersed in polypropylene, polycarbonate, urethane, the propylene cyanogen-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) by mixing, is the ultraviolet light and aging contrast experiment with the pure material that does not add light oxidation stability analog assistant then.With the polypropylene is example, by measuring infrared spectrum, has compared the carbonyl peak (1730cm that represents polypropylene photooxidation droping degree^-1) and carboxyl (3346cm^-1) peak, find that BZO intercalation ultraviolet absorbers can obviously improve the ageing resistance by ultraviolet light performance (seeing Table 1) of polypropylene, ABS and urethane resin.

Advantage of the present invention is:

First intercalation to have prepared interlayer anion be the hydrotalcite material of univalent 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxyl-3-isobutyl--Phenylsulfonic acid radical ion;

2. the thermostability of this kind intercalation configuration ultraviolet absorbers increases significantly than intercalation object BZO itself, obviously decomposition temperature has been brought up to about 450 ℃, can be used as the ageing resistance by ultraviolet light additive as polypropylene, propylene cyanogen-butadiene-styrene copolymer easy photooxidation droping macromolecular materials such as (ABS).

3. this kind intercalation configuration ultraviolet absorbers reaches more than 90% the uv absorption rate of 280-370nm wavelength band, has good uv-absorbing ability.

4. because hydrotalcite has the selectivity ion exchange property, the ultraviolet absorbers for preparing does not contain the beavy metal impurity of introducing in the general organic uv absorbers building-up process, can further improve the stability of matrix material.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the XRD spectra of embodiment 1 hydrotalcite precursor and the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO, and wherein: a is the XRD spectra of hydrotalcite precursor, and b is the XRD spectra of intercalation configuration ultraviolet absorbers.

Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrum of embodiment 1 hydrotalcite precursor, BZO and the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO, and wherein: a is the infrared spectrum of hydrotalcite precursor, and b is the infrared spectrum of BZO, and c is the infrared spectrum of the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.

Fig. 3 is the TG-DTA curve of BZO.

Fig. 4 is the TG-DTA curve of the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of embodiment 1 BZO.

Fig. 5 is the ultraviolet absorption curve of BZO and the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of embodiment 1 BZO, and wherein: a is the absorption curve of BZO; B is the absorption curve of the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.

Embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

Steps A: with 35.7g (0.12mol) solid Zn (NO₃)₂6H₂O and 22.5g (0.06mol) solid Al (NO₃)₃9H₂O is dissolved in except that CO₂Deionized water in, be mixed with the 150ml mixing salt solution; In addition 14.4g (0.36mol) solid NaOH is dissolved in except that CO₂Deionized water in, be mixed with the 150ml alkaline solution.Rapidly alkaline solution and salts solution are rotated nucleation in the liquid film reactor in full back-mixing under the room temperature, and make the slurries that obtain in 100 ℃ of crystallization 6h.After the centrifugation, to throw out wash and the pH value that makes washing water near 7, obtain ZnAl-NO in 70 ℃ of dry 24h at last₃-LDHs, its Zn²⁺/ Al³⁺=2: 1.

With ZnAl-NO₃-LDHs precursor is well-dispersed in and takes off CO₂In the deionized water, be mixed with the suspension of 0.10M.

Step B: under the room temperature BZO is dissolved in and takes off CO₂In the deionized water, be mixed with the 0.15M aqueous solution, add NaOH and adjust PH=7.

Step C: nitrogen protection and stir fast down that 1: the 1 by volume solution with step B preparation adds in the suspension of steps A preparation; 100 ℃ of down reactions 2 hours are filtered, and wash to pH to be about 7; 70 ℃ of dryings 24 hours obtain the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.

By XRD and infrared analysis (seeing Fig. 1, Fig. 2) as can be known, hydrotalcite layers is apart from increasing to 2.32nm by 0.89, and the interlayer nitrate radical disappears, and has to be presented at than clear evidence new key formation is arranged between sulfonic acid group and hydrotalcite laminate.Can conclude that thus the BZO negatively charged ion has inserted hydrotalcite layers, have stronger interaction between Subjective and Objective, form supermolecular intercalation structure, be not that simple physics is mixed between Subjective and Objective.Analyze as can be known by TG-DTA, the obvious decomposition temperature of the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers interlayer of BZO species is about 450 ℃ of (see figure 4)s.UV-vis test (see figure 5) shows that maximum absorption band appears at the 365nm place, and specific absorption is 92%.

Embodiment 2

Steps A: press embodiment 1 preparation hydrotalcite suspension.

Step B: BZO is dissolved in takes off CO₂In the deionized water, be mixed with the 0.10M aqueous solution, its pH is 3.5.

Step C: nitrogen protection is stirred the BZO solution of simultaneously step B being prepared down fast and was added in 1: 1 by volume in the suspension of steps A preparation; at room temperature react 10h, filter, wash to pH and be about 7; 70 ℃ of dryings 24 hours obtain the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.Test finds that maximum absorption band appears at the 357nm place, and specific absorption is 90%.

Embodiment 3:

Press embodiment 1 preparation hydrotalcite suspension, BZO is dissolved in takes off CO₂In the deionized water, be mixed with the 0.15M aqueous solution, add NaOH and adjust pH=8.Press the method for embodiment 1 precursor suspension and BZO solution were mixed in 1: 2 by volume, 100 ℃ of reactions 6 hours are filtered, and wash to pH to be about 7,70 ℃ of dryings 24 hours, obtain the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.Test finds that maximum absorption band appears at the 335nm place, and specific absorption is 91%

Embodiment 4:

Choose MgAl-NO₃-LDHs and Mg²⁺/ Al³⁺=2: 1 hydrotalcite is a precursor, is mixed with 0.10M suspension.

With embodiment 1, the BZO solution of preparation 0.10M is to mix at 1: 3 by precursor suspension and BZO liquor capacity ratio, obtains the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.Test finds that maximum absorption band appears at the 350nm place, and specific absorption is 93%.The obvious decomposition temperature of ultraviolet absorbers interlayer species is greater than 400 ℃.

Embodiment 5:

Choose MgAl-NO₃-LDHs hydrotalcite is a precursor, Mg²⁺/ Al³⁺=2: 1, be mixed with 0.15M suspension.With embodiment 1, the BZO solution of preparation 0.20M, and press precursor suspension and mix than 1: 1.5 with the BZO liquor capacity, finally obtain the anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO.Test finds that maximum absorption band appears at the 345nm place, and specific absorption is 90%.The obvious decomposition temperature of undetermined interlayer species.

Application examples:

The anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO of embodiment 1-5 preparation is added in polypropylene, the ABS resin by mass ratio 1%, and at wavelength region 250-380nm, the ultraviolet lamp of power 1000W shone 60 minutes down, and upset in 10 minutes is 1 time at interval.By GB GB/T1040-1992 test tensile strength, the results are shown in Table 1.

The anion intercalated ultraviolet absorbers of BZO of embodiment 1-5 preparation is added in the urethane resin by mass ratio 1%, and at wavelength region 250-380nm, the ultraviolet lamp of power 1000W shone 60 minutes down, and upset in 10 minutes is 1 time at interval.By GB GB/T528-98 test tensile strength, the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 batten tensile strength test result (MPa)

Ultraviolet absorbers	Polypropylene	ABS	Urethane	The batten state
					Do not have	31.04	53.59	9.47	Before the UV-irradiation
Do not have	11.14	25.71	4.09	After the UV-irradiation
					Example 1 preparation	27.36	48.33	8.56	After the UV-irradiation
Example 2 preparations	28.12	47.52	9.27	After the UV-irradiation
					Example 3 preparations	27.83	49.05	8.83	After the UV-irradiation
Example 4 preparations	27.19	47.21	8.04	After the UV-irradiation
					Example 5 preparations	27.04	46.47	8.21	After the UV-irradiation

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂，其化学组成式为：1. A supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber, its chemical composition formula is:[M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂](C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-_x·mH₂O[M²⁺_1-x M³⁺_x (OH)₂ ](C₁₆ H₁₆ N₃ O₄ S)^-_x mH₂ O其中0.2≤x≤0.33，m为层间结晶水分子数，0≤m≤2；Where 0.2≤x≤0.33, m is the number of interlayer crystal water molecules, 0≤m≤2;M²⁺、M³⁺分别代表层板二价、三价金属离子，M²⁺是Mg²⁺、Ni²⁺、Zn²⁺、Fe²⁺或Cu²⁺中的任何一种，M³⁺是Al³⁺、Co³⁺、Fe³⁺、Ti³⁺或Ga³⁺中的任何一种，M²⁺/M³⁺摩尔比为2-4∶1；其中(C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-是5-苯并三唑-4-羟基-3-异丁基-苯磺酸(简称BZO)酸根。M²⁺ , M³⁺ represent laminate divalent and trivalent metal ions respectively, M²⁺ is any one of Mg²⁺ , Ni²⁺ , Zn²⁺ , Fe²⁺ or Cu²⁺ , M^{3 +} is any one of Al³⁺ , Co³⁺ , Fe³⁺ , Ti³⁺ or Ga³⁺ , and the molar ratio of M²⁺ /M³⁺ is 2-4:1; where (C₁₆ H₁₆ N₃ O₄ S)^- is the acid radical of 5-benzotriazole-4-hydroxy-3-isobutyl-benzenesulfonic acid (abbreviated as BZO).2.根据权利要求1所述的超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂，其特征是其层间BZO的明显分解温度在450℃左右，对280-370nm波段紫外线吸收大于90％。2. The supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparent decomposition temperature of its interlayer BZO is about 450° C., and the absorption of ultraviolet rays in the 280-370nm band is greater than 90%.3.根据权利要求1所述的超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂，其特征是M²⁺是Zn²⁺或Mg²⁺，M³⁺是Al³⁺。3. The supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that M²⁺ is Zn²⁺ or Mg²⁺ , and M³⁺ is Al³⁺ .4.一种超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂的制备方法，具体步骤如下：4. A preparation method of a supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber, the concrete steps are as follows:A.在带搅拌的反应器中分别加入去离子水和水滑石(简称LDHs)前体并充分搅拌混合，配置浓度为0.05-0.15M的水滑石前体悬浮液；A. Add deionized water and hydrotalcite (referred to as LDHs) precursor respectively in the reactor with stirring and fully stir and mix to prepare a suspension of hydrotalcite precursor with a concentration of 0.05-0.15M;B.用BZO与去离子水配制浓度为0.05-0.2M的水溶液，用NaOH调整溶液pH值为3.5-8，至BZO完全溶解；B. Use BZO and deionized water to prepare an aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.05-0.2M, and adjust the pH value of the solution to 3.5-8 with NaOH until the BZO is completely dissolved;C.在氮气保护和快速搅拌条件下，将步骤B配制的BZO溶液加入步骤A反应器的悬浮液中，BZO溶液的加入量应满足混合后体系中BZO阴离子摩尔数与水滑石前体层间所能容纳BZO阴离子的理论摩尔数之比为1-3∶1，在25-100℃温度条件下晶化2-10小时，过滤，洗涤，干燥得到BZO阴离子插层的水滑石，其化学式为：[M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂](C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-_x·mH₂O，其中0.2≤x≤0.33，m为层间结晶水分子数，0≤m≤2；M²⁺、M³⁺分别代表层板二价、三价金属离子，M²⁺是Mg²⁺、Ni²⁺、Zn²⁺、Fe²⁺或Cu²⁺中的任何一种，M³⁺是Al³⁺、Co³⁺、Fe³⁺、Ti³⁺或Ga³⁺中的任何一种，M²⁺/M³⁺摩尔比为2-4∶1；其中(C₁₆H₁₆N₃O₄S)^-是BZO^-。C. Under the conditions of nitrogen protection and rapid stirring, add the BZO solution prepared in step B to the suspension in the reactor of step A. The amount of BZO solution added should meet the requirement between the number of moles of BZO anions in the mixed system and the gap between the hydrotalcite precursor layer. The ratio of the theoretical moles that can accommodate BZO anions is 1-3:1, crystallize for 2-10 hours at a temperature of 25-100°C, filter, wash, and dry to obtain BZO anion-intercalated hydrotalcite, whose chemical formula is : [M²⁺_1-x M³⁺_x (OH)₂ ](C₁₆ H₁₆ N₃ O₄ S)^-_x mH₂ O, where 0.2≤x≤0.33, m is the number of interlayer crystal water molecules , 0≤m≤2; M²⁺ , M³⁺ represent bivalent and trivalent metal ions in laminates respectively, and M²⁺ is Mg²⁺ , Ni²⁺ , Zn²⁺ , Fe²⁺ or Cu²⁺ Any one of M 3+ , M³⁺ is any one of Al³⁺ , Co³⁺ , Fe³⁺ , Ti³⁺ or Ga³⁺ , and the molar ratio of M²⁺ /M³⁺ is 2-4:1; wherein (C₁₆ H₁₆ N₃ O₄ S)^- is BZO^- .5.根据权利要求4所述的超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂的制备方法，其特征是：所用的水滑石前体是层间阴离子为NO₃^-或CO₃^2-的水滑石，其结构式为：[M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂][NO₃^-_x·mH₂O]或[M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂][CO₃^2-_x/2·mH₂O]，其中0.2≤x≤0.33，m为层间结晶水分子数，0≤m≤2；M²⁺/M³⁺摩尔比为2-4∶1；M²⁺为Mg²⁺、Ni²⁺、Zn²⁺、Fe²⁺或Cu²⁺中的任何一种；M³⁺为Al³⁺、Co³⁺、Fe³⁺、Ti³⁺或Ga³⁺三价金属离子中的任何一种。5. the preparation method of supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the hydrotalcite precursor used is the hydrotalcite that interlayer anion is NO₃^- or CO₃^2- , its The structural formula is: [M²⁺_1-x M³⁺_x (OH)₂ ][NO₃^-_x mH₂ O] or [M²⁺_1-x M³⁺_x (OH)₂ ][CO₃^{2 -}_x/2 mH₂ O], where 0.2≤x≤0.33, m is the number of interlayer crystal water molecules, 0≤m≤2; M²⁺ /M³⁺ molar ratio is 2-4:1; M^{2 +} is any one of Mg²⁺ , Ni²⁺ , Zn²⁺ , Fe²⁺ or Cu²⁺ ; M³⁺ is Al³⁺ , Co³⁺ , Fe³⁺ , Ti³⁺ or Ga³⁺ Any of the trivalent metal ions.6.根据权利要求5所述的超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂的制备方法，其特征是M²⁺是Zn²⁺或Mg²⁺，M³⁺是Al³⁺。6. The preparation method of supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that M²⁺ is Zn²⁺ or Mg²⁺ , and M³⁺ is Al³⁺ .7.一种如权利要求1所述的超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂在易光氧降解聚合物中的应用。7. The application of a supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet light absorber as claimed in claim 1 in a photo-oxidative degradation polymer.8.一种如权利要求1所述的超分子插层结构紫外光吸收剂在聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(简称ABS塑料)中的应用。8. The application of a supramolecular intercalation structure ultraviolet absorber as claimed in claim 1 in polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyurethane, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (abbreviated ABS plastics).

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