本发明涉及一种车削工件内圆的方法和刀架。The invention relates to a method and a tool holder for turning the inner circle of a workpiece.
装设有刀具的转塔刀架属于已有技术。这些刀具都是分别针对预定的加工研制的，所以迄今为加工工件特定的几何形状必须利用具有刀架并与之相配的专用刀具。为此刀架必须退回到基准位置，该基准位置在更换刀具时处于与工件碰撞范围之外。其中转塔刀架对准所需的刀具，从而使该刀具接着可以用于加工起作用。A turret tool rest equipped with a tool belongs to the prior art. These tools have been developed individually for the intended machining, so hitherto it was necessary to use special tools with tool holders adapted to them for the machining of specific geometries of workpieces. For this purpose the tool holder must be retracted into a reference position which is outside the collision range with the workpiece when the tool is changed. Here, the turret tool holder is aligned with the desired tool so that it can then be used for machining.
本发明的目的在于提出一种用于车削工件内圆的方法和刀架，其中不需要为了更换刀具退回到基准位置和工件向该基准位置的进给和同样由该基准位置退回付出时间代价，因而可以在短时间内完成加工任务，其中多把刀具必须按照加工顺序先后起作用。The object of the present invention is to propose a method and a tool holder for turning the inner circle of a workpiece, wherein no time penalty has to be paid for the return of the tool change to the reference position and the feed of the workpiece to this reference position and likewise retraction from this reference position, As a result, processing tasks can be completed in a short time, in which multiple tools have to work successively according to the processing sequence.
本发明目的的实现方案如下：The realization scheme of the object of the present invention is as follows:
-一种用于车削工件内圆的方法，其中对至少一用于在工件内实施各工步的刀架进行转位并且为对刀架转位将刀架在工件旋转轴方向的径向上退回；- A method for turning the inner circle of a workpiece, wherein at least one tool holder for performing steps in the workpiece is indexed and the tool holder is retracted radially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the workpiece for indexing the tool holder ;
-一种用于车削工件内圆的刀架，其中带有圆形端面的刀架在外圆范围带有至少两个均匀间隔的不同的加工刀具并且在工件孔内可被转位。- A tool holder for turning the inner circle of a workpiece, wherein the tool holder with circular end faces carries at least two different machining tools evenly spaced in the outer circumference and is indexable in the workpiece bore.
根据本发明的有益的设计，在刀架的端面上设有可调换的用于固定加工刀具的接头。According to an advantageous refinement of the invention, an exchangeable joint for fixing the machining tool is provided on the end face of the tool holder.
根据本发明的有益的设计，根据加工要求刀架上可装设多把相应的加工刀具。According to the beneficial design of the present invention, a plurality of corresponding processing tools can be installed on the tool holder according to processing requirements.
根据本发明的有益的设计，在刀架盘的外圆上可更换地设置有多个刀架，所述刀架盘与切削加工机床的转塔头连接。According to a beneficial design of the present invention, a plurality of tool holders are replaceably arranged on the outer circumference of the tool holder disk, and the tool holder disk is connected to the turret head of the cutting machine tool.
本发明的刀架可以为完成各种加工任务实现对多个不同的刀具的应用。采用此方式，刀具的更换例如是在工件的中心孔内实现的，而不必为了更换刀具，刀架必须退回到基准位置。例如通过转塔刀架的转位和对另一刀具的进给可以省去为了更换刀具而使刀具退回到刀具更换位置的辅助时间。因此可以大大缩短每个工件的加工时间。所以对加工本身而言更为迅速并且成本更为低廉。The tool holder of the present invention can realize the application of multiple different tools for completing various processing tasks. In this way, the tool change takes place, for example, in the center hole of the workpiece without the tool holder having to be retracted into a reference position in order to change the tool. For example, by indexing the turret tool holder and advancing another tool, an additional time for retracting the tool into the tool changing position for changing the tool can be dispensed with. The machining time per workpiece can thus be significantly reduced. So it is faster and less expensive for the processing itself.
下面将对照附图对本发明用于车削工件内圆的刀架做进一步的说明。图中示出：The tool holder for turning the inner circle of a workpiece according to the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The figure shows:
图1为带有卡盘和刀具转塔的刀架示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tool rest with a chuck and a tool turret;
图2为装设有刀具的刀架主视图中A－A向截面图；Fig. 2 is an A-A cross-sectional view in the front view of the tool holder equipped with a tool;
图3为本发明的刀架的俯视图；和Figure 3 is a top view of the tool holder of the present invention; and
图4为图3所示的刀架(X部分)的放大图。Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the tool holder (part X) shown in Fig. 3 .
图1和2中示出有待加工的工件3，在所述工件的内孔中进行切削加工。其中对同一工件3可以采用不同的刀具。有待加工的工件3被夹固在带有卡爪2的卡盘1上。所述卡盘1固定在图中未示出的工件主轴上，所述主轴安装在主轴箱内。工件主轴的旋转轴与卡盘1的纵轴和工件3的纵轴对准。工件主轴由电机驱动并且如箭头4所示将转动传递给卡盘1。1 and 2 show a workpiece 3 to be machined, in the bore of which the cutting process takes place. In this case, different tools can be used for the same workpiece 3 . A workpiece 3 to be machined is clamped on a chuck 1 with jaws 2 . Described chuck 1 is fixed on the workpiece main shaft not shown in the figure, and described main shaft is installed in the headstock. The axis of rotation of the workpiece spindle is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the chuck 1 and the longitudinal axis of the workpiece 3 . The workpiece spindle is driven by an electric motor and transmits the rotation to the chuck 1 as indicated by arrow 4 .
在工件3上通过切削加工形成内圆形状3A、3B和3C。例如加工形状3A时需采用内孔车刀，加工形状3C时需采用端面车刀并且在加工形状3B时需采用圆根切刀。Inner circular shapes 3A, 3B, and 3C are formed on the workpiece 3 by cutting work. For example, when machining shape 3A, an inner hole turning tool is required, when machining shape 3C, a face turning tool is required, and when machining shape 3B, a round root cutter is required.
这些刀具具有与加工要求适配的不同几何特性并且根据计算机数字控制程序预定的顺序通过刀架5的相应转动先后起作用。These tools have different geometric properties adapted to the machining requirements and act successively through corresponding rotations of the tool holder 5 according to a sequence predetermined by the computer numerical control program.
如图1所示，刀架5具有一圆形的端面5’，在所述端面上设置有多把具有不同刀刃几何形状的不同刀具。通过对刀架5围绕纵轴的径向转位实现对不同结构的加工刀具6、7或8的使用。用箭头9表示各种加工刀具6、7或8的径向转位。刀架3固定在一切削加工机床，例如车床的转塔头10的刀架盘11上。转塔头10固定在图中未示出的溜板箱内，所述溜板箱构成导向系统，所述导向系统通过计算机数字控制轴在两个优选相互垂直的轴X和Z上运行。As shown in FIG. 1, the tool holder 5 has a circular end face 5' on which a plurality of different knives with different cutting edge geometries are arranged. The use of differently configured machining tools 6 , 7 or 8 is made possible by a radial indexing of the tool holder 5 about the longitudinal axis. The radial indexing of the various machining tools 6 , 7 or 8 is indicated by arrow 9 . The tool holder 3 is fixed on a tool holder disk 11 of a turret head 10 of a cutting machine tool, such as a lathe. The turret head 10 is fixed in a slide box (not shown in the figures), which forms a guide system which runs on two axes X and Z, which are preferably mutually perpendicular, via computer numerically controlled axes.
在刀架盘11的外圆上设置有多个带有不同的用于实施不同加工程序的加工刀具6的刀架5。如图中所示的实施例所示，例如用加工刀具6对工件3的孔的内圆3A进行加工。接着例如用加工刀具7对平面3C进行加工。为此工件6在X-轴向上退回。接着通过对刀架5的转位将加工刀具7置于圆根切削加工3B的位置，此后再次退回并利用转塔头10的相应转位将加工刀具8置于作用位置。A plurality of tool holders 5 with different machining tools 6 for carrying out different machining programs are arranged on the outer circumference of the tool holder disk 11 . As shown in the embodiment shown in the figure, the inner circle 3A of the hole of the workpiece 3 is machined, for example, with the machining tool 6 . Next, the flat surface 3C is machined, for example, with the machining tool 7 . For this purpose, the workpiece 6 is retracted in the X-axis direction. Then, the processing tool 7 is placed in the position of the round root cutting process 3B by indexing the tool rest 5, and then retreats again and utilizes the corresponding indexing of the turret head 10 to place the processing tool 8 in the active position.
图2为刀架5的正视图，其中刀架5上的加工刀具6处于加工位置。刀架5上面举例示出由有待加工的工件几何形状决定的一定数量的刀具6、7和8。在对刀架5上装设时必须注意，在对工件内圆切削加工时相邻的加工刀具不得出现碰撞(见图2，位置20)。Fig. 2 is a front view of the tool holder 5, wherein the processing tool 6 on the tool holder 5 is in a processing position. A certain number of tools 6 , 7 and 8 , which are determined by the geometry of the workpiece to be machined, are shown by way of example on the tool holder 5 . When installing on the tool rest 5, it must be noted that the adjacent machining tools must not collide when the inner circle of the workpiece is cut (seeing Fig. 2, position 20).
图3中示出刀架5，该刀架优选配备有旋固或插装的接头30。切削刀具6、7、8等的刀柄分别插装在接头30上。接头30设置在刀架5外圆附近。如图3所示，作为刀具的切削刀片通过紧固螺钉固定在接头30上，接头利用螺钉31固定在刀架5上。刀架的外圆范围具有V形槽32，圆柱形的接头或夹具30被夹固在该槽内(见图4)。其中由于刀柄是圆柱状的，因而制造简单并且批量生产费用低廉。FIG. 3 shows a tool holder 5 which is preferably equipped with a screw-on or plug-in connection 30 . The handles of the cutting tools 6 , 7 , 8 etc. are respectively inserted into the joints 30 . The joint 30 is arranged near the outer circle of the tool holder 5 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the cutting blade as a tool is fixed on the joint 30 by fastening screws, and the joint is fixed on the tool holder 5 by screws 31 . The outer circumference of the tool holder has a V-shaped groove 32 in which a cylindrical adapter or clamp 30 is clamped (see FIG. 4 ). Wherein, since the handle of the knife is cylindrical, the manufacture is simple and the cost of mass production is low.
根据本发明的另一实施方式，在刀架5上可以装设多把相同的或不同的加工刀具，但必须至少装有两把加工刀具。According to another embodiment of the present invention, multiple identical or different processing tools can be installed on the tool holder 5, but at least two processing tools must be installed.
加工刀具的数量根据有待加工的工件3的几何形状而定并因而是可变化的，因而一特定的刀具组可以装设在配属给工件的刀架5上。多个装设不同的刀架5可以以非常短的换装时间快速地实现对不同工件形状的加工。成套装设好的刀架5可以实现反复的应用，而不必进行附加的调整工作。The number of machining tools depends on the geometry of the workpiece 3 to be machined and is therefore variable, so that a specific set of tools can be mounted on the tool holder 5 assigned to the workpiece. A plurality of tool rests 5 with different installations can quickly realize the processing of different workpiece shapes with a very short changeover time. The complete tool holder 5 can be used repeatedly without additional adjustment work.
按照条约第19条的修改Amendments pursuant to Article 19 of the Treaty
1.用于车削工件内圆的方法，其特征在于，可对至少一配备有可旋固/插装的用于固定各种加工刀具(6、7、8)的接头并用于在工件内部实施各种工步的刀架进行转位并且为实现转位刀架在工件旋转轴的径向上退回。1. The method for turning the inner circle of a workpiece is characterized in that at least one can be equipped with a joint that can be screwed/inserted for fixing various processing tools (6, 7, 8) and is used to implement the inner circle of the workpiece. The tool holders of various working steps are indexed and the tool holders are retracted in the radial direction of the workpiece rotation axis in order to realize the indexing.
2.用于车削工件内圆的刀架，其特征在于，带有圆形端面(5’)的刀架(5)在外圆范围内配备有至少两把均匀间隔的不同的加工刀具(6、7、8)，所述刀具固定在可旋固/插装在刀架(5)的槽(32)内的接头(30)上并在工件孔内被转位。2. A tool holder for turning the inner circle of a workpiece, characterized in that the tool holder (5) with a circular end face (5') is equipped with at least two different machining tools (6, 7, 8), the tool is fixed on the joint (30) that can be screwed/inserted in the groove (32) of the tool holder (5) and is indexed in the workpiece hole.
3.按照权利要求2所述的刀具，其特征在于，在刀架(5)的端面(5’)上设有可调换的用于固定加工刀具(6、7、8)的接头(30)。3. The tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, an exchangeable joint (30) for fixing the processing tool (6, 7, 8) is provided on the end face (5') of the tool holder (5) .
4.按照权利要求2或3所述的刀具，其特征在于，刀架(5)根据加工要求可装设多把相应的加工刀具(6)。4. The cutting tool according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the tool holder (5) can be equipped with a plurality of corresponding processing tools (6) according to processing requirements.
5.按照权利要求2至4中任一项所述的刀具，其特征在于，在刀架盘(11)的外圆上设置有多个刀架(5)，所述刀架盘与切削加工机床的转塔头连接。5. According to the described tool according to any one of claims 2 to 4, it is characterized in that a plurality of tool rests (5) are arranged on the outer circle of the tool rest disc (11), and the tool rest disc and the cutting process The turret head connection of the machine tool.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| DE19857841.5 | 1998-12-15 | ||
| DE19857841ADE19857841A1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 1998-12-15 | Tool holder for turning internal contours on workpieces |
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| CN1330578Atrue CN1330578A (en) | 2002-01-09 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN99814434APendingCN1330578A (en) | 1998-12-15 | 1999-12-10 | Method and Tool Holder for Turning Workpiece Inner Circle |
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| EP (1) | EP1140406A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002532264A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20020020671A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1330578A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1658300A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9916194A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2352892A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ20012137A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19857841A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000035618A1 (en) |
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