CN1242729C - Improved axial external fixator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a new type of axial unilateral external splint device for stabilizing bone fractures, comprising an extendible rod-like middle body (2) and oppositely located bone screw clamps (5, 6) which are articulated to respective ends (3, 4) of the rod-like middle body (2) by means of ball joints. Advantageously, a ball-and-socket joint (16) is mounted to each clamp (5, 6), within a main body (20) with which a bone screw clamping arrangement (25, 26, 21, 22, 23) is associated or co-operates. Also provided are ancillary members (30) adapted for removable association with the end of each clamp (5, 6) to allow each clamp to be more suitable for use, depending on the different operative installation conditions of the fixator.

Description

Improved axial external fixator

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to a kind of improved axial external fixator that in orthopedics, is used for stable fracture.

The invention particularly relates to a kind of axial unilateral external, comprise extendible shaft-like intermediate and at the screw holding forceps of relative position, this screw holding forceps is connected to each end of shaft-like intermediate with ball-and-socket joint.

Background technology

In the present technique field, unilateral external has been used for promoting fracture to recover for a long time, thereby fracture fragments is firmly fixed in place.

The said external holder comprises it being columned intermediate substantially, and this intermediate is axially extendible and has with ball-and-socket joint and be connected to its each terminal screw holding forceps.Gripper clamp is connected to shaft-like fixedly bone screw, the knochenbruch cortex on the relative both sides of the implanted fracture of this bone screw.Usually, two or three screws enough are used for fixing.

Example is the external fixator that is used for fixing fracture of tibia that is disclosed in No. the 0 609,409, European patent by same applicant.

The multiple fixation device that is used for dissimilar fracture and wound can obtain from their suppliers usually.

Therefore, exist tibia and femur holder, humerus holder, as the joint fixation apparatus and the carpal joint holder of ankle joint and elbow joint etc.

These all holders structurally are similar and comprise similar ingredient.Yet dissimilar fracture causes producing the various fixed device with different size and structure.But, because the batch manufacturing method of the standard of employing is unpractical, so above-mentioned stock widely with different fixing device has improved the manufacturing cost of every type holder.

And current technology trends is to produce to have by the part of the material manufacture that can be penetrated by X ray and the holder of parts, and this makes supply polytype and dissimilar holder or even more uneconomic.

The technical problem that the present invention is basic is a kind of unilateral external that is used for stable fracture of design, and its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function characteristic can reduce the manufacturing cost of supply number of different types holder.

Summary of the invention

Principle of the present invention provides screw holding forceps, and this screw holding forceps generally is applicable to heteroid holder.

Based on this principle, for solving this technical problem, a kind of axial unilateral external that is used for stable fracture is provided, comprise extendible shaft-like intermediate and at the screw holding forceps of relative position, described screw holding forceps is connected to each end of described shaft-like intermediate by ball-and-socket joint, it is characterized in that: ball-and-socket joint is installed on main intravital each gripper clamp, and the clamping device by the described bone screw of gripper clamp is with described main body combination or cooperate.

Indefiniteness example is in conjunction with the accompanying drawings read following description to embodiments of the invention, will be more readily understood the feature and advantage of external fixator of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the vertical perspective view of axial unilateral external of the invention process;

Fig. 2 is the part decomposition diagram of holder shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is another vertical perspective view of holder shown in Figure 1.

The specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings, formed according to the present invention being used for represented with 1 at the axial unilateral external label of orthopedics's stable fracture.

Holder 1 comprises the shaft-like intermediate 2 that has the X-X axle and be connected to the opposite end 3,4 of each screw holding forceps 5,6.

Advantageously, this shaft-like intermediate 2 and gripper clamp 5,6 be preferably by can being made by the material that X ray penetrates, as be called as that " spy on the polyether-ketone plastic matrix of (Peek), the carbon fiber of its scheduled quantity strengthens the rigidity to obtain to be fit to.

Shaft-like intermediate 2 is axially extendible, because it is formed by the firstprismatic joint elements 8 and the second prismatic component 9.Parts 8 and 9 can telescopically slide mutually.

In the describedparts 8,9 each all comprises elongated semi-cylindrical first 8 ', 9 ', semi-cylindrical first 8 ', 9 ' and the second short cylinder-shaped end 8 of length ", 9 " become one.If therefore see that from the side eachparts 8 and 9 all is L shaped.

Half round post slipper 8 ', 9 ' is interconnection by vertical respective slide 7 ' that forms in another part 9 ' by the driving groove 7 along vertically formation inpart 8 '.Especially, part 8 ' in fact has the C tee section, and another part 9 ' forms the vertical rib with T section, to limit described sliding part 7 '.

Certainly, can provide other driving within the scope of the invention.

Advantageously, provide a kind of in describedparts 8 and 9 slide their device of stop.

This stop device comprises the lock screw 11 that extends vertically up to the X-X axle, and this lock screw has thread head 12, and this end screws in thescrew 13, and screw 13 forms in chute 7 ' and strengthened by " spiral winding " 13a.Can provide securing member with retaining thread.In addition, the part 8 ' ofparts 8 is formed with clearance groove 10, these clearance groove 10 vertical major parts acrossparts 8, as shown in Figure 3.Screw 11 passes clearance groove 10, and preferably has the smooth part of screw rod 14, to relaxparts 8 and 9 in slip of going up each other and amplitude.

Screw 11 is Alan's soket head cap screws of being convenient to wrench operated.

Can be according to the different size of knochenbruch by unclamping and tighten screw 11, extension that can adjustable fixer 1 shaft-like intermediate.On the contrary, because driving groove and sliding part have C shape and T section,parts 8 and the 9 any rotations around the axle of shaft-like intermediate 2 all can take place.

In the compactness of shaft-like intermediate 2 was provided with,parts 8 and 9 part 8 ' and 9 ' were eclipsed fully, and adjacent another a cylinder-shaped end 9 ", 8 ".

As mentioned above, the opposite end 3,4 of shaft-like intermediate 2 is hinged to each gripper clamp 5,6 of bone screw with ball-and-socket joint.

Each joint comprises the ball-and-socket joint 16 that is installed on each gripper clamp 5,6.

Ball-and-socket joint 16 comprises that especially the wheel rim 17a of the ball that is fixed separates and is arranged on cylindrical shape pod 17 in each gripper clamp 5,6, and has the bulb 18 that is contained in the pod 17.Bulb 18 has adjustable handle 19, and handle 19 can be contained in the respective socket 15 of each end 3,4 of shaft-like intermediate 2.

End 8 inparts 8 and 9 " and 9 " in the centre position form the pod 15 hold handle 19.In brief, pod 15 is coaxial with the X-X axle, and with releasable securing apparatus handle 19 is fixed in this pod 15, and clamp device can be to pass crosscut to passpart 8 " the hole 28 of X-X axle and the lock pin 27 of the respective aperture 28 ' of crosscut handle 19.This hole is designed to hold the lock pin 27 of handle 19, as the attachment device that is designed to the 0 734 No. 233 described power compressor of European patent.

In the gripper clamp 5 and 6 each comprises it being prismaticmain body 20 substantially, wherein is formed with the column pod 17 that holds bulb 18.

Flange 26 removably is connected withmain body 20, is used to make gripper clamp to clamp bone screw, in example two screws 21 be positioned at by on the parallel plane plane of X-X axle, and on this plane predetermined at interval distance.

More particularly,main body 20 has thesidewall 25 of shaped profile.In fact the profile offlange 26 matches withsidewall 25, andsidewall 25 andflange 26 engage as jaw like this, thereby block this bone screw.

Preferably, by pair of screws 21 is screwed in the respective threaded groove 22 that provides inmain body 20, make it with selectable reinforcing axle bush, be passed in themesopore 23 throughflange 26,main body 20 and flange 26 removably connect.On thesidewall 25 ofmain body 20, form thread groove 22.

This special structure makes bone screw be sandwiched in the gripper clamp of abundant ball-and-socket joint alongside, thereby obtains the very compact structure of whole gripper clamp.

Advantageously, also provide the device 40 that ball-and-socket joint 16 is locked at the angle position of selection.This locking device 40 comprises sliding part 41, and the motion of actuating device 42 makes sliding part 41 direction motion towards bulb 18 inmain body 20.

Actuating device 42 comprises axle 47, and axle 47 is to pod 17 horizontal expansions and be provided with the tooth 47a that acts on sliding part 41.Axle 47 can manually rotate with the spanner that is fit to, and specially formsgroove type hexahedron 43 at its detachable end.

Sliding part 41 especially comprises the column wheel rim with a plurality of contrates 44, and all contrates all extend towards the direction parallel with the axle of wheel rim.These teeth are designed to a score surface of 18 of the actuating interlock of actuating device 42, and form the impression of corresponding a plurality of appropriate depth therein, as 1/tens millimeters deep.Like this, in fact bulb 18 and ball-and-socket joint 16 are pinned in a kind of definite mode.

In order to make tooth 44 interlocks goal 18 degree of depth of being scheduled to, provide the stroke restricting means 45 of sliding part 41.The trip restraint device 45 comprises and axle 47 all-in-one-pieceradial protrusions 46, its setting with the outside concordant ofmain body 20 and abut against the stops 48 of formation on themain body 20 in the proper angle of placing axle 47 with respect tomain body 20.

Reasonradial protrusion 46 is near stops 48, and a plurality of teeth 44 of sliding part 41 will be in the degree of depth of the next greatest expected of the plane of bulb indent.

When assembling one of them of gripper clamp 5 or 6, at first the bulb 18 with joint 16 inserts column pods 17, and handle 19 protrudes from main body 20.Sliding part 41 and axle 47 then are installed, and the tooth 44 of sliding part 41 is in the face of bulb 18, and axle 47 stops previous isolation of components.Axle 47 is the location like this, and promptly other shaped element as described below is left to be used to hold in the end of column pod 17.

Free-ended column pod 17 inmain body 20 also is used to fixedly auxiliary element, and this auxiliary element is installed according to the difference of holder and made gripper clamp 5 or 6 more general effectively.

For example,auxiliary element 30 is used for gripper clamp 5 is connected to the annulus of ring fixator by 31 explanations of T shape Connection Element, and this ring fixator is called as the Ilizarov system in the art.

Connection Element 31 comprises columnar shaft 32, and its pivot is engaged in the column pod 17, and column pod 17 holds the bulb 18 of ball-and-socket joint 16.

Lock screw 29 is engaged in the screw 29 ', and this screw can be equipped with securing member.This screw laterally is formed on the axle 32 and by being formed on the slotted hole in themain body 20, this slotted hole near with ball-and-socket joint 16 opposingends.Connection Element 31 also comprises with axle and 32 becoming one and vertical the extension to axle 32 plate-like parts 33.Plate-like part 33 has the wing at relative position, and this wing is penetrated byslotted hole 34, is used for being connected to the annulus of the external clamping plate of Ilizarov system.

In this way, gripper clamp 5 or 6 annulus that can be fastened in the Ilizarov system withConnection Element 31, so-called to make " mixing clamping plate ", it is external fixator, comprise axial restraint device and at least one annulus, this external fixator combines the advantage of holder and one-sided axial restraint device.

Anotherauxiliary element 30 has been representedmetaphysis gripper clamp 35 in the drawings, thisgripper clamp 35 is used to clamp bone screw, and this bone screw comprises the horizontal plane of the described bone screw between thewall 25 and 26 that is fixed on gripper clamp 5 or 6 in roughly and on the vertical plane of X-X axle and therefore crosscut.

More particularly,metaphysis gripper clamp 35 allows holder is anchored on near-end or the distal end of implanting tibia, or the bone screw of the distal end of implanted femur.

Metaphysis gripper clamp 35 is fixed in gripper clamp 5 or 6 in one of them, as the mode of fixed connecting element 31.In fact, asConnection Element 31, thismetaphysis gripper clamp 35 will comprise the columnar shaft 36 that is engaged in the column pod 17 and with this 36 end 37 that becomes one and extend to axle 36.

Terminal 37 have made the U-shaped part, and this part and this axle 36 become one, and skew from here.This U-shaped part mainly comprises a pair of wall that extends parallel to each other and separate 38,39.The bottom of eachwall 38,39 on homonymy is provided with semi-cylindrical recesses 38 ', 39 ', this groove defines half pod that holds corresponding metaphysis bone screw, promptly be the metaphysis bone screw be with the plane of the plane approximate vertical that comprises the X-X axle on implant the screw of the far-end of the near-end of tibia or far-end or femur.

Advantageously, part 37 comprises the device that clamps the metaphysis bone screw.This clamping device comprises thesliding part 50 that is installed on the part 37, is used for being slided to the direction of unanimity againstwall 25 clamped directions alongflange 26.

Above-mentionedsliding part 50 has rectangular susceptor 49 and two the plate-like projectioies 51,52 that are formed with window 49a, andprojection 51,52 and the pedestal on its minor face 49 become one.

Plate-like projection 51,52 andwall 38 and 39 cooperations are to clamp metaphysis screw therebetween.More particularly, slidingpart 50 is slidingly mounted on the end that narrows down gradually downwards ofwall 39 by window 49a, therebyprojection 51 will and be movably betweenparallel wall 38 and 39 in the face of part 37.

If the same side in the free end ofprojection 51 and 52 is provided with each semi-cylindrical recesses 51 ', 52 ', each groove defines half groove that holds corresponding metaphysis bone screw.Because slidingpart 50 is assembled on the part 37, groove 38 ' and 51 ' faces with each other, and groove 39 ' and 52 ' also is so, so that clamp corresponding metaphysis screw.

In this way, promptly use screw, comprise side screw betweenwall 25 and theflange 26 and the metaphysis screw between slidingpart 50 and the part 37, by moving of taking place towards all equidirectionals, all screws all are in a kind of fastening state, their mutual alignment is held even when their diameter changes, and for example, is that the screw of 6mm is the screw of 8mm everywhere to diameter from diameter.

Fixation device of the present invention has solved this technical problem really and lot of advantages is provided, and it is different with existing solution that this advantage mainly is, this gripper clamp has general effectiveness.

In fact, intermediate 2 can have and its bonded relative gripper clamp, and this gripper clamp has different functions, but all comes from common basic structure.

In addition, by being allowed plastic surgeon to take the actinogram of injured area and be not subjected to suffering interference from bulky objects by the holder that the material that X ray penetrates is made.

It should also be noted that intermediate has accounted for the major part according to holder total length of the present invention, and allow the length of holder to be conditioned to be fit to almost any wound situation.

Should further be pointed out that, produce a plurality of impressions, thereby this ball-and-socket joint can be put into any position of wanting, angle in practice with being determined, and forbid re-using of gripper clamp, thereby this gripper clamp is disposable gripper clamp by the contrate in the bulb surface.From the viewpoint of health and safety, this has embodied additional advantage.

Claims (13)

1. axial unilateral external that is used for stable fracture, comprise extendible shaft-like intermediate (2) and at the screw holding forceps (5 of relative position, 6), described screw holding forceps is connected to each end (3 of described shaft-like intermediate (2) by ball-and-socket joint, 4), it is characterized in that: ball-and-socket joint (16) is installed in each gripper clamp (5 in the main body (20), 6) on, by gripper clamp (5,6) clamping device of described bone screw (25,26,21,22,23) with described main body (20) in conjunction with or cooperate.

2. external fixation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ball-and-socket joint (16) is included in gripper clamp (5,6) the column pod (17) that forms in the main body (20), be contained in the column pod (17) and have the bulb (18) of handle (19), described handle (19) removably inserts in the respective socket (15) of end (3,4) of shaft-like intermediate (2).

3. external fixator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bone screw clamping device (25,26,21,22,23) comprise the shaping sidewall (25) and the flange (26) of described main body (20), described flange (26) has the profile that matches with described sidewall (25) and can dismounting rapid with it when bone screw is fastened.

4. external fixator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shaft-like intermediate (2) comprises two prismatic parts (8,9) that telescopically slide each other.

5. external fixator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described external fixator comprises the locking device (10,11,13) that the described parts of stop (8,9) slide.

6. external fixator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described gripper clamp (5,6) is by being made by the material that X ray penetrates.

7. external fixator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described shaft-like intermediate (2) is by being made by the material that X ray penetrates.

8. external fixation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shaft-like intermediate (2) has the longitudinal axis (X-X), and described bone screw clamping device (25,26,21,22,23) along screw being fastened on the gripper clamp (5,6) with plane almost parallel that comprises described axle (X-X) and the plane that is spaced from.

9. external fixator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described external fixator also comprises auxiliary element (30), this auxiliary element removably with the free end combination of gripper clamp (5,6), to allow to be connected to another holder or bone fixation screw.

10. external fixator according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described auxiliary element (30) is pivotally mounted in the free-ended described column pod of described main body (20) (17).

11. external fixator according to claim 10 is characterized in that: described auxiliary element (30) comprises the columnar shaft (32) that inserts described column pod (17) and crosscut columnar shaft (32) and the part (33) that becomes one with it.

12. external fixator according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described auxiliary element (30) comprises the metaphysis gripper clamp (35) that inserts the columnar shaft (36) in the column pod (17) and be connected to described axle (36).

13. external fixator according to claim 12 is characterized in that: described metaphysis gripper clamp (35) comprises metaphysis screw clamp means (37,38,39,50,51,52,53), the movable part of described clamping device can with described bone screw clamping device (25,26,21,22,23) move on the identical direction of movable part.

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