CN1234237C - Tricolour convergent method for matrix pixel device projector scope - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种矩阵像素器件投影显示器的三色会聚方法。矩阵像素器件产生图像经光学系统投影于屏幕，在屏幕上按照一定的规则安装多个图像传感器，图像传感器采集投影于屏幕上的图像数据到计算机中，将数据进行图像处理之后运用评价函数，判别会聚精度是否达到要求，如果达到精度要求，则会聚过程结束，进入三个显示芯片的快速固化曝光过程，如果精度未达到要求，则综合多个传感器的数据计算出偏差量，由六自由度精密机械手控制矩阵像素器件运动到符合要求的位置，重复上述过程，直到会聚精度达到要求为止。本发明不仅三色会聚的速度较人工快，而且会聚的精度和可靠性都得到了有效的提高，实现了三色会聚的自动化。

The invention discloses a three-color convergence method for a matrix pixel device projection display. The image generated by the matrix pixel device is projected on the screen through the optical system, and multiple image sensors are installed on the screen according to certain rules. The image sensor collects the image data projected on the screen and sends it to the computer. Whether the convergence accuracy meets the requirements. If the accuracy requirements are met, the convergence process will end and enter the rapid curing exposure process of the three display chips. If the accuracy does not meet the requirements, the deviation will be calculated by combining the data of multiple sensors. The manipulator controls the matrix pixel device to move to a position that meets the requirements, and repeats the above process until the convergence accuracy meets the requirements. In the invention, not only the speed of three-color convergence is faster than manual work, but also the accuracy and reliability of convergence are effectively improved, and the automation of three-color convergence is realized.

Description

Translated fromChinese

矩阵像素器件投影显示器的三色会聚方法Three-Color Convergence Method for Matrix Pixel Device Projection Display

                          技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种矩阵像素器件投影显示器的三色会聚方法。The invention relates to a three-color convergence method of a matrix pixel device projection display.

                          背景技术 Background technique

矩阵像素器件的大屏幕投影显示系统是当今办公、会议等的主要显示技术。液晶投影电视、DLP投影以及LCOS投影显示器等就是这种技术的典型代表，是下一代高清晰度电视的主要显示器件，是目前CRT显示器的替代产品，它具有矩阵式象素器件的高分辨，同时具有无辐射，无闪烁，数字化等优点。The large-screen projection display system of matrix pixel devices is the main display technology for offices, conferences, etc. today. LCD projection TV, DLP projection and LCOS projection display are typical representatives of this technology. They are the main display device of the next generation of high-definition TV and the substitute product of the current CRT display. It has the high resolution of the matrix pixel device. At the same time, it has the advantages of no radiation, no flicker, and digitalization.

在这些投影显示系统中，彩色图像是应用三块矩阵像素器件(如液晶板或DMD，LCOS)分别调制红绿蓝三色光路，再将三色光路合成为彩色图像，投影至屏幕，形成彩色图像。由于矩阵像素器件的每个像素尺寸较小(一般在10-20微米)，因此红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)三色矩阵像素器件的精确会聚成为生产与应用这些显示系统的关键技术。目前，基本上还是靠人工来调节三色矩阵像素器件的会聚，因此主观性较大，而且费时、费力，品质难以控制。In these projection display systems, the color image is to use three matrix pixel devices (such as liquid crystal panel or DMD, LCOS) to modulate the three-color light paths of red, green and blue respectively, and then synthesize the three-color light paths into a color image, which is projected to the screen to form a color image. image. Due to the small size of each pixel of the matrix pixel device (generally 10-20 microns), the precise convergence of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) three-color matrix pixel devices has become a key factor in the production and application of these display systems. key technologies. At present, the convergence of the three-color matrix pixel device is basically adjusted manually, so the subjectivity is relatively large, and it is time-consuming and laborious, and the quality is difficult to control.

                          发明内容Contents of Invention

本发明的目的是提供了一种矩阵像素器件投影显示器的三色会聚方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a three-color convergence method for a matrix pixel device projection display.

矩阵像素器件产生图像经光学系统投影于屏幕，在屏幕上按照一定的规则安装多个图像传感器，图像传感器采集投影于屏幕上的图像数据到计算机中，将数据进行图像处理之后运用评价函数，判别会聚精度是否达到要求，如果达到精度要求，则会聚过程结束，进入三个显示芯片的快速固化曝光过程，如果精度未达到要求，则综合多个传感器的数据计算出偏差量，由六自由度精密机械手控制矩阵像素器件运动到符合要求的位置，重复上述过程，直到会聚精度达到要求为止。The image generated by the matrix pixel device is projected on the screen through the optical system, and multiple image sensors are installed on the screen according to certain rules. The image sensor collects the image data projected on the screen and sends it to the computer. Whether the convergence accuracy meets the requirements. If the accuracy requirements are met, the convergence process will end and enter the rapid curing exposure process of the three display chips. If the accuracy does not meet the requirements, the deviation will be calculated by combining the data of multiple sensors. The manipulator controls the matrix pixel device to move to a position that meets the requirements, and repeats the above process until the convergence accuracy meets the requirements.

本发明不仅三色会聚的速度较人工快，而且会聚的精度和可靠性都得到了有效的提高，实现了三色会聚的自动化。The invention not only has faster three-color convergence speed than manual operation, but also effectively improves the convergence accuracy and reliability, and realizes the automation of three-color convergence.

                         附图说明Description of drawings

图1是三色自动会聚流程框图；Fig. 1 is a three-color automatic convergence process flow diagram;

图2是空间六自由度精密调整架与像素器件的固定示意图，图中像素器件a，六自由度机械手b；Figure 2 is a fixed schematic diagram of a six-degree-of-freedom precision adjustment frame and a pixel device, in which the pixel device a and the six-degree-of-freedom manipulator b;

图3是屏幕上五个CCD的两种分布示意图；Fig. 3 is two kinds of distribution schematic diagrams of five CCDs on the screen;

图4是会聚系统的自动对焦调整过程示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the autofocus adjustment process of the convergence system;

图5是会聚系统的自动三色合色过程示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the automatic three-color combination process of the convergence system.

                       具体实施方式 Detailed ways

矩阵像素器件投影显示器是现代办公、家庭多媒体大屏幕投影电视、以及高清晰度电视的主要实现技术。这一类投影显示器的彩色图像是应用三块矩阵像素器件(如液晶板LCD或DMD，LCOS)分别调制红绿蓝三色光路，再将三色光路合成为彩色图像，投影至屏幕，形成彩色图像。由于矩阵像素器件的每个像素尺寸较小，一般在10-20微米，红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)三色矩阵像素器件的精确会聚成为生产与应用这些显示系统的关键技术。Matrix pixel device projection display is the main realization technology of modern office, home multimedia large-screen projection TV, and high-definition TV. The color image of this type of projection display uses three matrix pixel devices (such as liquid crystal panel LCD or DMD, LCOS) to modulate the three-color optical paths of red, green and blue, and then synthesizes the three-color optical paths into a color image, which is projected to the screen to form a color image. image. Due to the small size of each pixel of the matrix pixel device, generally 10-20 microns, the precise convergence of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) three-color matrix pixel devices becomes the key to the production and application of these display systems technology.

因此存在必须将三色像素显示器(如液晶板)进行空间方位的三色会聚重合问题。由于高分辨的矩阵像素器件每个像素的大小仅有8-20微米左右，三色会聚是一个十分精密与细致的工作，包括会聚的判断，三块矩阵像素器件的调整，目前也只有靠人眼判读，完全是一种劳动密集的技术，而且由于人为因素的影响，矩阵像素器件投影机的生产品质稳定性难以保证，是一个难度较大的生产关键工艺，其效率高低直接影响投影显示器的生产率。Therefore, there is a problem that the three-color pixel display (such as a liquid crystal panel) must be converged and overlapped in a spatial orientation. Since the size of each pixel of the high-resolution matrix pixel device is only about 8-20 microns, the three-color convergence is a very precise and meticulous work, including the judgment of convergence and the adjustment of the three matrix pixel devices. Visual interpretation is a completely labor-intensive technology, and due to the influence of human factors, it is difficult to guarantee the stability of the production quality of matrix pixel device projectors. It is a difficult key production process, and its efficiency directly affects the quality of projection displays. productivity.

本发明中提出的矩阵像素器件投影显示器的三色会聚方法，是一种应用多个CCD进行图像采集，采用高速图像处理技术，判别会聚效果，由计算机控制三套精密空间六自由度机械手，调整三色矩阵像素器件的空间位置，实现空间的三色图像自动会聚。具体系统框图如图1所示。The three-color convergence method of the matrix pixel device projection display proposed in the present invention is a kind of application of multiple CCDs for image acquisition, high-speed image processing technology is used to judge the convergence effect, and three sets of precision space six-degree-of-freedom manipulators are controlled by computers to adjust The spatial position of the three-color matrix pixel device realizes the automatic convergence of three-color images in space. The specific system block diagram is shown in Figure 1.

三块分别调制三色图像的矩阵像素器件(如LCD板，或LCOS，DMD)分别由三个独立的可以进行空间六自由度调节的机械手固定，该六自由度运动的机械手可以由三个精密平动台与三个精密转动台组合而成，构成空间相互正交的六自由度空间运动台，而且每一自由度的最小调节精度应该达到像素器件每个像素尺寸的1/10以内，以保证会聚精度。如图2所示，为三色图像矩阵像素显示器件之一的矩阵像素显示器件与六自由度机械手的位置关系。Three matrix pixel devices (such as LCD panels, or LCOS, DMD) that modulate three-color images respectively are fixed by three independent manipulators that can adjust six degrees of freedom in space. The manipulators with six degrees of freedom can be moved by three precision The combination of the translation platform and three precision rotating platforms constitutes a six-degree-of-freedom spatial movement platform with mutually orthogonal spaces, and the minimum adjustment accuracy of each degree of freedom should reach within 1/10 of the size of each pixel of the pixel device. Guaranteed convergence accuracy. As shown in FIG. 2 , it is the positional relationship between the matrix pixel display device and the six-degree-of-freedom manipulator, which is one of the three-color image matrix pixel display devices.

采用与投影显示器相同或类似的合色光学系统，将三个分别调制三种颜色光的矩阵像素器件以及与之相配套的三套六自由度机械手，构成一个完整的投影系统，并配合以投影物镜，将三色经三个矩阵像素器件调制的图像投影成像于屏幕。在屏幕上，采用若干个CCD或CMOS图像传感器组成多通道图像传感器拍摄该系统投影在屏幕上的图像。图像传感器在屏幕上的排部有多种方式，其中典型的两种方式如图3所示，即采用五个CCD拍摄投影屏幕上的三色图像，每个CCD只能反映投影图像局部的性能，全局的投影图像性能要通过5个CCD综合完成。CCD在屏幕上应该有一定分布，如中心视场、边缘视场、0.7视场等，使得能够获得投影画面中心与边缘的图像会聚信息。CCD摄取的投影画面五个区域的图像信号，经图像采集系统，进入计算机，转化为数字图像。Using the same or similar color-combining optical system as the projection display, three matrix pixel devices that modulate the three colors of light and three sets of six-degree-of-freedom manipulators to form a complete projection system, and cooperate with the projection The objective lens projects the three-color images modulated by the three matrix pixel devices onto the screen. On the screen, several CCD or CMOS image sensors are used to form a multi-channel image sensor to capture the image projected by the system on the screen. There are many ways to arrange the image sensor on the screen, and the typical two ways are shown in Figure 3, that is, five CCDs are used to shoot three-color images on the projection screen, and each CCD can only reflect the performance of a part of the projected image , the overall performance of the projected image is completed through five CCDs. The CCD should have a certain distribution on the screen, such as the center field of view, edge field of view, 0.7 field of view, etc., so that the image convergence information of the center and edge of the projection screen can be obtained. The image signals of the five areas of the projected screen picked up by the CCD enter the computer through the image acquisition system and are converted into digital images.

为了进行计算机图像处理，判断出三色像素器件的空间位置差异，采用了高速图像处理与识别技术，通过建立图像的评价函数来衡量图像的清晰程度和图像的投影方位。三色会聚的过程分成两部分：第一部分是三色器件的自动对焦过程，第二部分是三色合色过程。系统整体调整步骤为：CCD摄取图像，经过图像采集卡进入计算机，转化为数字图像，数字图像经过滤波、去噪、以及边缘增强等图像处理方法，进行图像算法变换，然后综合计算多个图像传感器检测的图像信息，计算评价函数，计算偏离量判别三色对焦或三色合色的效果，如果满足要求，则控制自动固化机，进行像素显示器件的曝光固化，如果不满足要求，则根据偏离量，应用多种优化技术，判别各色矩阵像素图像器件的位置与理想位置的差异，控制机械手进行六自由度调整，再用CCD摄取图像进入下一循环，如图1所示。In order to carry out computer image processing and judge the spatial position difference of three-color pixel devices, high-speed image processing and recognition technology is used to measure the clarity of the image and the projection orientation of the image by establishing an evaluation function of the image. The process of three-color convergence is divided into two parts: the first part is the auto-focus process of the three-color device, and the second part is the three-color combination process. The overall adjustment steps of the system are: the CCD captures the image, enters the computer through the image acquisition card, and converts it into a digital image. The digital image undergoes image processing methods such as filtering, denoising, and edge enhancement, and then performs image algorithm transformation, and then comprehensively calculates multiple image sensors. Detected image information, calculate the evaluation function, calculate the deviation amount to judge the effect of three-color focusing or three-color combination, if the requirements are met, then control the automatic curing machine, and perform exposure curing of the pixel display device, if the requirements are not met, then according to the deviation amount , using a variety of optimization techniques to determine the difference between the position of each color matrix pixel image device and the ideal position, control the manipulator to adjust the six degrees of freedom, and then use the CCD to capture the image to enter the next cycle, as shown in Figure 1.

第一部分为三色对焦过程，利用评价函数在正确对焦面上应该具有某些特征(比如函数具有极大值)，一旦找到这个特征，就利用控制装置，调节某一器件，从而使得物象共轭，综合不同视场CCD的数据，可以将矩阵像素器件的投影图像综合效果最清晰。基本步骤如图4所示。The first part is the three-color focusing process. The evaluation function should have certain characteristics (such as the function has a maximum value) on the correct focusing plane. Once this characteristic is found, use the control device to adjust a certain device, so as to make the object image conjugate Combining the data of CCDs with different fields of view, the comprehensive effect of the projection image of the matrix pixel device can be the clearest. The basic steps are shown in Figure 4.

第二部分为三色图像合色过程，使红绿蓝三色图像投影于屏幕，利用不同方位采集的图像数据来实现三色在平面上重合。基本步骤如图5所示。The second part is the color combination process of the three-color image, so that the red, green and blue three-color image is projected on the screen, and the image data collected in different directions is used to realize the overlapping of the three colors on the plane. The basic steps are shown in Figure 5.

三色对焦与三色合色两个过程可以对调次序，也可以多次循环使得达到较高的会聚精度。The two processes of three-color focus and three-color combination can be reversed, and can also be cycled multiple times to achieve higher convergence accuracy.

同样，也可以采用将三色对焦与三色合色同时集中在一个调节反馈过程中进行的方法，实现同时的三色对焦与三色合色。Similarly, the method of concentrating the three-color focusing and the three-color combination in one adjustment feedback process can also be used to realize the simultaneous three-color focusing and the three-color combination.

由于投影镜头存在的一定的象差，如场曲、象散、慧差、倍率色差等，因此实际三色会聚的难度很大，给对焦面的判断、三色合色的结果判断带来较大的困难。同时该设备的目标主要用于生产，要求自动调整速度快，因此在计算机处理中计算量也不能太大，否则会影响到自动会聚的速度。为了更好的反映评价函数的特性，可以采用了多种算法。对于三色对焦过程，为了更好的反映评价函数的特性，可以采用了多种算法，如拉普拉斯算子、Sobel算子和Prewitt算子等，以提高图像判别精度。同时，采用了多CCD对称分布图像摄取法，利用投影物镜的轴对称性等提高对焦判别的精度与速度。对于三色合色过程，可以采用三色位置渐次逼近的方法，也可以采用根据图像三色位置的计算差异，之间精密移动三色像素器件到理想位置的方法。经过多次循环，反馈机械手空间六自由度可调系统，控制机械手的空间运动，实现三色投影显示的完全会聚。Due to certain aberrations in the projection lens, such as field curvature, astigmatism, coma, chromatic aberration of magnification, etc., it is very difficult for the actual three-color convergence, which brings great difficulties to the judgment of the focal plane and the judgment of the result of the three-color combination. Difficulties. At the same time, the equipment is mainly used for production, and requires fast automatic adjustment speed, so the calculation amount in computer processing should not be too large, otherwise it will affect the speed of automatic convergence. In order to better reflect the characteristics of the evaluation function, various algorithms can be used. For the three-color focusing process, in order to better reflect the characteristics of the evaluation function, a variety of algorithms can be used, such as Laplacian operator, Sobel operator and Prewitt operator, etc., to improve the accuracy of image discrimination. At the same time, the multi-CCD symmetrical distribution image capture method is adopted, and the accuracy and speed of focusing judgment are improved by using the axial symmetry of the projection objective lens. For the three-color color combination process, the method of gradually approaching the three-color positions can be used, or the method of precisely moving the three-color pixel devices to the ideal position according to the calculated difference of the three-color positions of the image. After multiple cycles, the six-degree-of-freedom adjustable system of the manipulator is fed back to control the space movement of the manipulator to realize the complete convergence of the three-color projection display.

三色会聚完成后，计算机控制紫外曝光系统进行快速紫外曝光，固化三色液晶板，同时应用多通道图像传感器实时监控屏幕上的图像变化，进而控制机械手快速反馈，校正曝光过程的图像变化。这样的监控反馈系统保证了紫外曝光的精度与成品率，实现三色矩阵像素器件的快速定位固化。After the three-color convergence is completed, the computer controls the ultraviolet exposure system to perform rapid ultraviolet exposure to cure the three-color liquid crystal panel. At the same time, the multi-channel image sensor is used to monitor the image changes on the screen in real time, and then controls the rapid feedback of the manipulator to correct the image changes during the exposure process. Such a monitoring and feedback system ensures the accuracy and yield of ultraviolet exposure, and realizes rapid positioning and curing of three-color matrix pixel devices.

Claims (8)

1. three look convergence methods of a matrix pixel device projection display, it is characterized in that the matrix pixel device produce image through the optical system projection in screen, on screen, a plurality of imageing sensors are installed according to certain rule, the view data of imageing sensor acquired projections on screen is in computer, data are carried out using evaluation function after the image processing, differentiate the convergence precision and whether reach requirement, if reach required precision, then aggregation procedure finishes, enter the quick curing exposure process of three display chips, if precision does not reach requirement, the data computation amount of deviating of comprehensive a plurality of transducers then, move to satisfactory position by six degree of freedom precision optical machinery hand control matrix pixel device, repeat said process, till the convergence precision reaches requirement, three look aggregation procedures, be divided into three looks focusings and three looks and close independently process of two of looks, perhaps focusing of three looks and three looks close the method for form and aspect combination.

2. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1 is characterized in that said matrix pixel device Projection Display, are meant the Projection Display of LCD, DMD and LCOS matrix pixel device.

3. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1 is characterized in that the said imageing sensor that is used for image detection, are meant CCD or cmos image sensor.

4. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the said multichannel image transducer that a plurality of imageing sensors formations are installed according to certain rule on screen, be meant according to system requirements screen up and down in different visual fields installation diagram image-position sensor, perhaps the multichannel image transducer of a plurality of imageing sensors of forming of other regular arrangement methods.

5. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said image data acquiring with different azimuth uses image smoothing, filtering, sharpening image processing techniques behind computer, use suitable evaluation method to differentiate the definition of focusing then and whether precision that three looks close look reaches requirement.

6. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1 is characterized in that said utilization six degree of freedom precision optical machinery hand realization matrix pixel device carries out the precision control of micron or sub-micrometer scale in three translation directions and three look rotation directions.

7. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said comprehensive different azimuth imageing sensor view data with and the orientation arrangement mode, according to evaluation function, calculate the departure of matrix pixel device at different directions and ideal position, by six degree of freedom manipulator gating matrix pixel device to correct position, thereby the total space of realization matrix pixel device is regulated.

8. three look convergence methods of a kind of matrix pixel device projection display according to claim 1, the quick curing exposure process that it is characterized in that said three display chips, be meant that using photosensitive adhesive realizes multi-channel parallel uv-exposure ultraviolet illumination system, make the transient state of three display chips solidify, use multichannel image sensing technology monitoring simultaneously, and feedback compensation, control uv-exposure process.

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