Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on the wide supercharging module and the operation method thereof, wherein the high-efficiency thermodynamic system can be used for improving the main steam pressure under partial load and the high-efficiency operation under high load by simplifying the system configuration, reducing the construction cost and improving the operation flexibility.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on the wide-amplitude pressurizing module comprises a boiler and a high-pressure cylinder, a middle-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder and a generator which are coaxially arranged and sequentially connected, wherein the boiler is connected with the middle-pressure cylinder through a reheat steam hot section pipeline, the middle-pressure cylinder is connected with the low-pressure cylinder through a communicating pipe, the low-pressure cylinder is connected with a condenser through a condensing pipeline, the condenser is connected with an original regenerative system through a pipeline, the high-efficiency thermodynamic system further comprises the wide-amplitude pressurizing module, the pressurizing cylinder of the wide-amplitude pressurizing module is coaxially arranged with the high-pressure cylinder, a main steam pipeline comprises a main steam pipeline pipe, one end of the main steam pipeline is connected with the boiler, the other end of the main steam pipeline is connected with a first steam inlet branch and a second steam inlet branch in parallel, the first steam inlet branch is used for being connected with a high-pressure cylinder inlet, the first steam inlet and the second steam inlet are respectively arranged on the first branch pipeline and the second branch pipeline, the first steam inlet and the second steam inlet are respectively connected with the first steam inlet and the first steam outlet through a first bleed pipeline and a first bleed valve, and the second steam outlet is respectively arranged on the first branch pipeline and the first steam outlet pipeline, and the first steam outlet is connected with the first steam outlet valve and the first steam outlet valve.
The water supply wide-amplitude temperature regulator is arranged on a boiler water supply pipe upstream of the zero-number height of the original regenerative system, and a steam inlet of the water supply wide-amplitude temperature regulator is connected with a steam extraction port of the pressure cylinder through a first steam extraction pipeline.
The first steam extraction pipeline is connected with the condenser through a condenser branch, a first regulating valve is arranged on the condenser branch, and a steam inlet end of the condenser branch is arranged on the first steam extraction pipeline between a steam extraction port of the booster cylinder and the first steam extraction valve.
The high-pressure cylinder is characterized in that a first steam extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with a boiler through a reheat steam cold section pipeline, a second steam extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with a zero-number high-pressure steam inlet through a second steam extraction pipeline, the zero-number high-pressure steam inlet is arranged on a boiler water supply pipe between a water supply wide-amplitude temperature booster and an original regenerative system, and a second steam extraction valve is arranged on the second steam extraction pipeline.
Preferably, the booster cylinder adopts a high-rotation-speed design, and a reduction gearbox is additionally arranged between the booster cylinder and the high-pressure cylinder.
Preferably, a clutch is disposed between the pressure cylinder and the high pressure cylinder.
Preferably, the water supply wide temperature booster is a high-pressure heater.
The operation method of the efficient thermodynamic system based on the wide supercharging module comprises the following steps:
when the unit operates under high load:
the first steam inlet regulating valve is fully closed, and the booster cylinder is not put into operation and only maintains the rated rotation speed;
The third steam inlet valve is fully opened, the second steam inlet regulating valve is fully opened, and main steam directly enters the high-pressure cylinder;
The first exhaust pipeline is fully closed, and the first regulating valve is fully opened, so that exhaust steam of the pressurizing cylinder is connected to the condenser;
The first steam extraction valve is fully closed, the second steam extraction valve is opened, the water supply wide-amplitude temperature regulator is not put into operation, the zero number is high, and the original heat recovery system is normally put into operation;
when the unit operates under low load:
the first steam inlet regulating valve is fully opened, the third steam inlet valve is fully closed, and the booster cylinder is put into operation;
the first exhaust valve is fully opened, the second steam inlet regulating valve is fully opened, and main steam is discharged into the high-pressure cylinder through the pressurizing cylinder;
The first regulating valve is fully closed, the first steam extraction valve is opened, the steam discharged from the pressure cylinder is discharged into the water supply wide-amplitude temperature regulator, the water supply wide-amplitude temperature regulator is put into operation,
The second steam extraction valve is fully opened, the zero number is high, and the original heat recovery system is normally put into operation.
Preferably, when the unit is in load reduction:
The main steam pressure and the water supply temperature are gradually reduced, and the heat consumption of the unit is gradually increased;
The method comprises the steps of gradually opening a first steam inlet regulating valve, closing a third steam inlet regulating valve, opening a first steam outlet valve, closing the first regulating valve, gradually throwing the booster cylinder, keeping the second steam inlet regulating valve fully open, and gradually switching the steam outlet of the booster cylinder from the condenser to the high-pressure cylinder.
Preferably, when the unit lifts load:
Gradually closing the first steam inlet regulating valve, opening the third steam inlet regulating valve, closing the first steam outlet valve, and opening the first regulating valve;
When the first steam inlet regulating valve and the first exhaust valve are fully closed and the third steam inlet regulating valve and the first regulating valve are fully opened, the pressurizing cylinder is completely cut off, and only the rated rotation speed is maintained for idling;
in the process of cutting off the pressurizing cylinder, the first steam extraction valve is gradually closed, and the water supply wide-amplitude heater is cut off.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the efficient thermodynamic system based on the wide supercharging module, the supercharging cylinder and the high-pressure cylinder of the conventional steam turbine are coaxially arranged, so that the problems of limited supercharging amplitude and low economic benefit after the supercharging cylinder is put into due to limited supercharging cylinder power under the split shaft arrangement scheme of the supercharging cylinder and the conventional steam turbine are solved, and the main steam pressure under partial load can be widely improved.
Meanwhile, as the booster cylinder and the conventional steam turbine are coaxially arranged, the booster module does not need to be additionally provided with a generator and corresponding station service electric circuits, and initial investment is reduced. Under high load, the booster cylinder keeps idling, so that energy loss caused by the maintenance of cooling flow of the booster cylinder is avoided, and high-load high-efficiency operation is realized.
Furthermore, as the booster cylinder and the conventional steam turbine are coaxially arranged, the booster cylinder maintains the rated rotation speed after being cut off, so that a flushing and rotating process when the booster cylinder is restarted is avoided, the cutting and throwing speed of the booster cylinder is improved, and the operation is more flexible. Therefore, by adopting the technical measure, the main steam pressure under partial load and the high-efficiency operation under high load can be improved in a wide range, the system configuration is simplified, the construction cost is reduced, and the operation flexibility is improved.
2. The wide-amplitude pressurizing module of the high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on the wide-amplitude pressurizing module further comprises a water supply wide-amplitude warmer which is arranged on a boiler water supply pipe of the original regenerative system, and a steam inlet of the water supply wide-amplitude warmer is connected with a steam extraction port of a pressurizing cylinder through a first steam extraction pipeline. Under low load, the pressurizing cylinder and the wide-range water-supply temperature regulator are put into operation, the main steam firstly enters the pressurizing cylinder, the pressurizing cylinder discharges steam to supply steam to the high-pressure cylinder and the wide-range water-supply temperature regulator, and the wide-range water-supply temperature regulator is configured, so that the water supply temperature of partial load can be further improved, the economy of partial load can be greatly improved, and the dry running and denitration investment of the boiler can be maintained during deep regulation.
3. According to the operation method of the high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on the wide supercharging module, through flexibly switching the operation mode, optimizing the thermodynamic cycle and reducing the heat consumption, the economy and the operation efficiency of the system are improved, the environmental friendliness is enhanced, and meanwhile, the maintenance and the operation are simplified.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in figure 1, the high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on the wide supercharging module comprises a boiler 1, a high-pressure cylinder 3, a middle-pressure cylinder 4, a low-pressure cylinder 5 and a generator 6 which are coaxially arranged and sequentially connected, wherein the boiler 1 is connected with the middle-pressure cylinder 4 through a reheat steam hot section pipeline 13, the middle-pressure cylinder 4 is connected with the low-pressure cylinder 5 through a communicating pipe 41, the low-pressure cylinder 5 is connected with a condenser 7 through a condensing pipeline, the condenser 7 is connected with an original regenerative system 8 through a pipeline, and the high-efficiency thermodynamic system further comprises the wide supercharging module, wherein the supercharging cylinder 2 of the wide supercharging module is coaxially arranged with the high-pressure cylinder 3;
The main steam pipeline 11 comprises a main steam pipeline main pipe 111, one end of the main steam pipeline main pipe 111 is connected with the boiler 1, the other end of the main steam pipeline main pipe 111 is connected with a first steam inlet branch 112 and a second steam inlet branch 113 in parallel, the first steam inlet branch 112 is used for being connected with a steam inlet of the pressure cylinder 2, the second steam inlet branch 113 is used for being connected with a steam inlet of the high-pressure cylinder 3, a first steam inlet regulating valve 1121 and a second steam inlet regulating valve 1131 are respectively arranged on the first steam inlet branch 112 and the second steam inlet branch 113, a steam outlet and a steam outlet of the pressure cylinder 2 are respectively connected with the second steam inlet branch 113 and the wide-range water-supply booster 24 through a first steam outlet pipeline 21 and a first steam outlet pipeline 22, a first steam outlet valve 211 and a first steam outlet valve 221 are respectively arranged on the first steam outlet pipeline 21 and the first steam outlet branch 22, and a third steam inlet regulating valve 114 is arranged on the second steam inlet branch 113 between the first steam outlet pipeline 21 and the first steam inlet branch 112.
In a specific implementation, the pressurizing cylinder 2 of the wide pressurizing module is coaxially arranged with the high-pressure cylinder 3, the medium-pressure cylinder 4, the low-pressure cylinder 5 and the generator 6, and the pressurizing cylinder 2 is arranged on one side of the high-pressure cylinder 3 close to the boiler 1. Because the booster cylinder 2 and the high-pressure cylinder 3 of the conventional steam turbine are coaxially arranged, the problems that the booster amplitude is limited and the economic benefit is small after the booster cylinder 2 is put into use due to the limited power of the booster cylinder 2 under the split shaft arrangement scheme of the booster cylinder 2 and the conventional steam turbine are solved, and therefore the economy under partial load can be improved widely.
Meanwhile, as the booster cylinder 2 and the conventional steam turbine are coaxially arranged, the booster module does not need to be additionally provided with the generator 6 and corresponding station service electric lines, and initial investment is reduced. Under high load, the booster cylinder 2 keeps idling, so that energy loss caused by the fact that the booster cylinder 2 maintains cooling flow is avoided, and high-load high-efficiency operation is realized.
Furthermore, as the booster cylinder 2 and the conventional steam turbine are coaxially arranged, the booster cylinder 2 maintains the rated rotation speed after being cut off, so that the flushing process when the booster cylinder 2 is restarted is avoided, the cutting and throwing speed of the booster cylinder 2 is improved, and the operation is more flexible. Therefore, compared with the split shaft arrangement scheme, the technical measure is adopted, so that the main steam pressure under partial load and the high-efficiency operation under high load can be improved in a wide range, the system configuration is simplified, the construction cost is reduced, and the operation flexibility is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the water supply wide-amplitude temperature booster 24 is arranged on a boiler water supply pipe 81 upstream of the zero-number high-pressure heater 32 of the original regenerative system 8, and a steam inlet of the water supply wide-amplitude temperature booster 24 is connected with a steam extraction port of the booster cylinder 2 through a first steam extraction pipeline 22. In practice, the side near the boiler 1 is upstream. In actual use, the feedwater wide amplitude heater 24 is a high pressure heater. The water supply wide-amplitude heater 24 is stopped at high load, and is put into operation at low load, and the steam source is from the steam extraction port of the booster cylinder 2. Under low load, the booster cylinder 2 and the wide water supply temperature booster 24 are put into operation, main steam firstly enters the booster cylinder 2, the booster cylinder 2 discharges steam to supply steam to the high-pressure cylinder 3 and the wide water supply temperature booster 24, and the wide water supply temperature booster 24 can further improve the water supply temperature of partial load, greatly improve the economy of partial load and also help to maintain the dry running and denitration investment of the boiler 1 during deep adjustment.
The first steam extraction pipeline 22 is connected with the condenser 7 through a condenser branch 23, a first regulating valve 231 is arranged on the condenser branch 23, and the steam inlet end of the condenser branch 23 is arranged on the first steam extraction pipeline 22 between the steam extraction port of the booster cylinder 2 and the first steam extraction valve 221. In particular, during low load operation of the unit, the booster cylinder 2 is put into operation, the steam inlet of which comes from the superheater of the boiler 1, and the steam is discharged to the high pressure cylinder 3 and the feedwater wide range heater 24. When the unit runs under high load, the booster cylinder 2 of the steam turbine does not enter steam, the steam exhausted from the steam extraction port of the booster cylinder 2 flows to the condenser 7, and the booster cylinder 2 maintains the rated rotation speed to idle, so that ventilation and air blowing in the booster cylinder 2 are prevented. Wherein, the first regulating valve 231 is kept open, so that the steam remained in the booster cylinder 2 and the shaft seal steam are sent to the condenser 7.
As shown in FIG. 1, a first steam extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder 3 is connected with the boiler 1 through a reheat steam cold section pipeline 12, a second steam extraction port of the high-pressure cylinder 3 is connected with a steam inlet of a zero-number high-pressure heater 32 through a second steam extraction pipeline 31, the zero-number high-pressure heater 32 is arranged on a boiler water supply pipe 81 between the water supply wide-amplitude heater 24 and the original regenerative system 8, and a second steam extraction valve 311 is arranged on the second steam extraction pipeline 31. In specific implementation, the original heat recovery system 8 is connected with the condenser 7 through a pipeline. When the high pressure cylinder 3 is in operation, the second steam extraction valve 311 is kept open, and heating steam is always delivered for zero number high plus 32.
The design of the rotation speed of the booster cylinder 2 is higher than that of a large machine, and a reduction gearbox (not shown in the figure) is additionally arranged between the booster cylinder 2 and the high-pressure cylinder 3. By adopting the technical measure, the through-flow efficiency of the booster cylinder 2 can be further improved.
A clutch (not shown) is provided between the booster cylinder 2 and the high-pressure cylinder 3. In actual use, a clutch is disposed between the booster cylinder 2 and the high pressure cylinder 3. After the booster cylinder 2 is cut off, the booster cylinder 2 is disconnected from the main shaft, and the booster cylinder 2 maintains the turning rotation speed or reduces the rotation speed to 0. By adopting the technical measure, the operation mode can be switched rapidly, for example, when the booster cylinder 2 is required to work, the clutch is combined, the booster cylinder 2 can be put into operation efficiently, when the booster cylinder 2 is not required to work, the clutch is separated, the booster cylinder 2 is separated from the main shaft, the turning speed can be maintained or the turning speed can be reduced to 0, and the rapid switching capability greatly improves the operation flexibility of the system.
Meanwhile, the system can flexibly adjust the running state of the booster cylinder 2 according to the requirements no matter in high-load or low-load working conditions, so that the system is better suitable for various complex working conditions. The maintenance is convenient, and when the booster cylinder 2 is disconnected with the main shaft, the abrasion of the booster cylinder 2 in the non-working state can be effectively reduced. This helps to extend the service life of the booster cylinder 2 and reduces the maintenance costs of the apparatus. After the pressurizing cylinder 2 is cut off and operated, the maintenance personnel can more conveniently maintain the pressurizing cylinder 2 without worrying about the interaction between the pressurizing cylinder 2 and the main shaft because the pressurizing cylinder is separated from the main shaft. The economy is improved, and when the booster cylinder 2 is not required to work, the booster cylinder is timely cut off and separated from the main shaft, so that unnecessary energy consumption can be reduced, and the economy of the system is improved. Therefore, by adopting the technical measure, the method has the advantages of being capable of rapidly switching the operation mode, remarkably optimizing the operation economy and the like.
An operating method of a high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on a wide supercharging module comprises the following steps:
when the unit operates under high load:
The first intake regulating valve 1121 is fully closed, and the booster cylinder 2 is not put into operation and only maintains the rated rotation speed;
The third steam inlet regulating valve 114 is fully opened, the second steam inlet regulating valve 1131 is fully opened, and main steam directly enters the high-pressure cylinder 3;
The first exhaust pipeline 21 is fully closed, and the first regulating valve 231 is fully opened, so that exhaust steam of the booster cylinder 2 is connected to the condenser 7;
The first steam extraction valve 221 is completely closed, the second steam extraction valve 311 is opened, the water supply wide-amplitude heater 24 is not put into operation, the zero-number high-pressure heater 32 and the original heat recovery system 8 are normally put into operation;
when the unit operates under low load:
the first steam inlet regulating valve 1121 is fully opened, the third steam inlet regulating valve 114 is fully closed, and the booster cylinder 2 is put into operation;
the first exhaust valve 211 is fully opened, the second inlet air regulating valve 1131 is fully opened, and the main air is discharged into the high-pressure cylinder 3 through the booster cylinder 2;
the first regulating valve 231 is fully closed, the first steam extraction valve 221 is opened, the steam discharged from the pressure cylinder 2 is discharged into the wide water-supply temperature booster 24, the wide water-supply temperature booster 24 is put into operation,
The second steam extraction valve 311 is fully opened, the zero-number high-pressure heating 32 and the original heat recovery system 8 are normally put into operation.
By adopting the operation method, the economy and the operation efficiency of the system are improved, the environmental friendliness is enhanced, and the maintenance and the operation are simplified by flexibly switching the operation mode, optimizing the thermodynamic cycle and reducing the heat consumption.
In the actual operation process, the high-efficiency thermodynamic system based on the wide supercharging module further comprises an operation method of a unit load reduction process and a unit load lifting process.
Specifically, when the unit is in load reduction:
The main steam pressure and the water supply temperature are gradually reduced, the heat consumption of the unit is gradually increased, and the load of the unit is reduced to a certain load.
The first steam inlet regulating valve 1121 is gradually opened, the third steam inlet regulating valve 114 is closed, the first steam outlet valve 211 is opened, the first regulating valve 231 is closed, the booster cylinder 2 is gradually put in, the second steam inlet regulating valve 1131 is kept fully opened, and the steam outlet of the booster cylinder 2 is gradually switched from the condenser 7 to the high-pressure cylinder 3.
By adopting the technical measure, the pressure of the main steam of the load can reach the rated value, and after the booster cylinder 2 is put into operation, the first steam extraction valve 221 is gradually opened, and the water wide-amplitude heater 24 is put into operation.
Specifically, when the unit rises in load:
The first intake air adjusting valve 1121 is gradually closed, the third intake air adjusting valve 114 is opened, the first exhaust valve 211 is closed, and the first adjusting valve 231 is opened. The pressurizing cylinder 2 is gradually cut off, and the steam exhaust of the pressurizing cylinder 2 is gradually switched from the water-supply wide-amplitude heater 24 to the condenser 7.
When the first steam inlet regulating valve 1121 and the first steam outlet valve 211 are fully closed and the third steam inlet regulating valve 114 and the second steam inlet regulating valve 1131 are fully opened, the pressurizing cylinder 2 is completely cut off and only the rated rotating speed is maintained to idle, and the first steam outlet valve 221 is gradually closed and the water supply wide temperature booster 24 is cut off in the process of cutting off the pressurizing cylinder 2.
By adopting the operation method, the economy and the operation efficiency of the system are improved, the environmental friendliness is enhanced, and the maintenance and the operation are simplified by flexibly switching the operation mode, optimizing the thermodynamic cycle and reducing the heat consumption.
While the foregoing has been provided by embodiments of the present invention with particularity, the principles and modes of carrying out the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments and modes of carrying out the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this disclosure.