Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a breast tumor surgical instrument which can effectively cut tumor tissues and avoid cutting normal tissues by mistake.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a breast tumor surgical instrument, comprising:
The handle comprises a shell, a driving component and a negative pressure component, wherein the driving component and the negative pressure component are arranged in the shell;
The catheter is provided with a spike part at one end and connected with the handle at the other opposite end, a pipe cavity is defined in the catheter, a rotary cutting hole and an adsorption hole which are communicated with the pipe cavity are formed in the peripheral wall of the catheter, the adsorption hole is positioned between the rotary cutting hole and the spike part, and the negative pressure component is used for enabling negative pressure to be formed in the pipe cavity;
A rotary cutter at least partially positioned in the lumen, the rotary cutter being connected with the driving assembly and cutting off tumor tissue sucked into the lumen by the rotary cutter hole under the driving of the driving assembly;
the adsorption component is arranged in the pipe cavity and positioned at one side of the rotary cutter close to the spike part, and the adsorption component is used for forming negative pressure at the adsorption hole.
In some embodiments, the suction assembly includes a piston body that separates a suction chamber within the lumen in communication with the suction orifice, the rotary cutting orifice is isolated from the suction chamber, and the piston body is configured to move within the lumen along an axial direction of the conduit to vary an air pressure within the suction chamber.
In some embodiments, the suction assembly further comprises a drive spring located within the suction chamber and connected to the conduit and the piston body, respectively;
the rotary cutter moves in the direction approaching the spike part and can push the piston body to move in the direction approaching the spike part so as to compress the driving spring and lead the air in the adsorption chamber out of the adsorption hole, and the driving spring is compressed and pushes the piston body to move far in the direction far away from the spike part when the rotary cutter moves in the direction far away from the spike part so as to lead the external air to be guided into the adsorption chamber through the adsorption hole.
In some embodiments, the rotary cutter comprises a driving rod and a cutter body, one end of the driving rod is connected with the cutter body, the other opposite end of the driving rod is connected with the driving assembly, a cutter edge is arranged on one side of the cutter body, which is away from the piston body, and the cutter body moves from one side of the rotary cutting hole, which is close to the spike part, to one side, which is away from the spike part, along the axial direction of the catheter, and resects the tumor tissue.
In some embodiments, a concave cavity is formed in one side, away from the piston body, of the cutter body, one end, close to the piston body, of the driving rod extends into a central position in the concave cavity and is connected with the cutter body, and the portion, located at the periphery of the driving rod, of the concave cavity is used for storing resected tumor tissues.
In some embodiments, the cutter body is provided with a through hole penetrating along the axial direction of the catheter, the through hole is communicated with the cavity, and the negative pressure component sucks out the tumor tissue stored in the cavity through the through hole.
In some embodiments, the spike includes an inclined surface through which the suction hole penetrates;
The piston body is provided with a blocking protrusion, the piston body can move to enable the blocking protrusion to block a first position of the adsorption hole and enable the blocking protrusion to be separated from a second position of the adsorption hole.
In some embodiments, the conduit is internally provided with a step comprising an annular step surface facing the piston body, the drive spring being configured to drive the piston body into abutment with the annular step surface.
In some embodiments, the conduit is internally provided with a step comprising an annular step surface facing the piston body, the piston body being movable into abutment with the annular step surface;
The annular step surface is provided with a first magnetic part, the piston body is provided with a second magnetic part, the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part are attracted mutually, the rotary cutter is provided with a third magnetic part, and the third magnetic part and the second magnetic part are attracted mutually;
The rotary cutter moves towards the direction close to the spike part and can push the piston body to move towards the direction close to the spike part so that air in the adsorption chamber is led out from the adsorption hole, and the third magnetic piece attracts the second magnetic piece when the rotary cutter moves towards the direction far from the spike part so that the piston body moves towards the direction far from the spike part to abut against the annular step surface and the second magnetic piece and the first magnetic piece attract each other.
In some embodiments, the suction holes comprise a plurality of circumferentially distributed micropores about the axis of the catheter, each of the micropores communicating with the lumen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the technical scheme of the invention, before the rotary cutter resects the breast tumor, the normal tissue near the tumor tissue can be adsorbed and adsorbed, and then the tumor tissue is adsorbed and adsorbed by the rotary cutter, so that the normal tissue and the tumor tissue are positioned in the catheter, in the subsequent operation process, the part of the tumor tissue near the rotary cutter hole is sucked into the rotary cutter hole and resected by the rotary cutter, after the part of the tumor tissue sucked into the rotary cutter hole is resected, the subsequent part is continuously sucked into the rotary cutter hole and then is resected by the rotary cutter, and the operation is repeated, so that the resection of the whole breast tumor is finally realized. In the process of sucking the tumor tissue into the rotary cutting hole, the normal tissue near the tumor tissue is adsorbed and positioned, so that the tumor tissue can not pull the normal tissue near the tumor tissue and pull the normal tissue into the adsorption hole, and the risk of cutting the normal tissue is effectively reduced.
In addition, as the normal tissue and the tumor tissue are respectively positioned, a certain pulling force exists between the tumor tissue and the normal tissue absorbed by the absorption hole in the process that the tumor tissue is absorbed into the rotary cut hole, and when the boundary adhesion force between the tumor tissue and the normal tissue is smaller, the pulling force can effectively separate the tumor tissue from the normal tissue, namely, the part of the breast tumor to be resected is separated from the normal tissue before being absorbed into the rotary cut hole, so that the risk that the normal tissue is pulled into the rotary cut hole and resected is further prevented.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the related art, when a rotary cutter is adopted to perform minimally invasive surgery on a breast tumor patient, a catheter is inserted into the breast of the patient, a rotary cutter hole on the catheter is aligned to the breast tumor, and negative pressure is added into the catheter, so that the part of the breast tumor, which is close to the rotary cutter hole, is sucked into the catheter and is cut off by the rotary cutter in the catheter, after the part of tumor tissue sucked into the rotary cutter hole is cut off, the subsequent part is continuously sucked into the rotary cutter hole and then is continuously cut off by the rotary cutter, and the operation is repeated, so that the cutting of the whole breast tumor is finally realized. However, the present inventors have found that during surgery, normal tissue is easily sucked into the rotary cut hole due to the fact that the normal tissue in the vicinity is pulled during the suction of the breast tumor into the rotary cut hole, so that the normal tissue is easily resected by mistake. In order to avoid erroneous excision of normal tissue, under the observation of a fluoroscopy device, when normal tissue is sucked or is about to be sucked into the catheter, an experienced doctor can appropriately reduce the suction force or move the catheter position to discharge the normal tissue, however, the above operation is performed so that the boundary portion of the tumor, which adheres to the normal tissue, is easily discharged from the catheter, causing tumor residues. In conclusion, how to completely resect breast tumor and reduce the false resection of normal tissue is a urgent problem to be solved.
In view of this, referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present application proposes a breast tumor surgical instrument 100. The breast tumor surgical instrument 100 comprises a handle 110, a catheter 120, a rotary cutter 130 and an adsorption assembly 140, wherein the handle 110 comprises a shell, a driving assembly and a negative pressure assembly which are arranged in the shell, and the shell can protect the driving assembly and the negative pressure assembly and ensure the operation stability. In order to ensure the comfort of hands of doctors when operating for a long time, the shell is designed in an ergonomic way, and the surface is covered with an anti-slip material, so that the hand fatigue is reduced. For convenience of operation, the handle 110 is provided with a holding groove, which conforms to the natural bending radian of fingers, and is comfortable to hold. The handle 110 may also be provided with buttons for activating the driving assembly and the negative pressure assembly, improving the convenience of operation. The driving assembly can adopt a driving mode including but not limited to a motor device, a hydraulic device, a pneumatic device and the like, and the negative pressure assembly can adopt a device capable of generating negative pressure including but not limited to a vacuum generating device, a pump device and the like.
Referring to fig. 1, a catheter 120 has one end connected to a handle 110 and the other end provided with a spike 121, and the spike 121 can be inserted into tumor tissue through a surgical micro-incision to facilitate tumor resection. Specifically, the catheter 120 defines a lumen 122 therein, and the outer peripheral wall of the catheter 120 is provided with a rotary cutting hole 124 and an adsorption hole 123 which are communicated with the lumen 122, the rotary cutting hole 124 is suitable for sucking tumor tissue into the lumen 122 for rotary cutting under the action of the negative pressure component, and the adsorption hole 123 is used for adsorbing normal tissue near the tumor tissue so as to reduce the damage in the operation process. Wherein, the adsorption hole 123 is located between the rotary cutting hole 124 and the spike 121, and the adsorption hole 123 and the rotary cutting hole 124 are disposed on the same side of the outer peripheral wall of the catheter 120. In some embodiments, the adsorption hole 123 is located in a direction in which the rotary cutting hole 124 points to the spike 121, so that the adsorption hole 123 can adsorb normal tissues near the tumor tissues while the rotary cutting hole 124 adsorbs the tumor tissues, preventing the normal tissues from being miscut, and improving the operation accuracy. It should be noted that, the negative pressure component is used for forming a negative pressure in the lumen 122 to ensure the effective adsorption and excision of the tumor tissue by the rotary-cut hole 124, the negative pressure value can be adjusted according to the operation requirement, and the operation flexibility is ensured.
Referring to fig. 3-5, at least a portion of the rotary cutter 130 is positioned within the lumen 122, and the rotary cutter 130 is coupled to a drive assembly such that the rotary cutter 130 is capable of resecting tumor tissue aspirated into the lumen 122 by the rotary cutter hole 124 under the drive of the drive assembly. Wherein, the resected tumor tissue can be discharged through the catheter 120 under the action of the negative pressure assembly, ensuring the high efficiency and cleanliness of the surgical procedure. In other words, the negative pressure assembly can form a continuous and stable negative pressure environment in the lumen 122, so that the tumor tissue is cut off and smoothly discharged after being sucked through the rotary cutting hole 124 under the negative pressure effect, and the residue is avoided.
The suction assembly 140 is disposed in the lumen 122 and is located at a side of the rotary cutter 130 near the spike 121, and can be used to form a negative pressure at the suction hole 123 to suck normal tissue near the tumor tissue, preventing miscut.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the adsorption assembly 140 includes a piston body 141, and the piston body 141 partitions an adsorption chamber 125 capable of communicating with the adsorption hole 123 in the lumen 122, and the rotary cutting hole 124 is isolated from the adsorption chamber 125. Specifically, the rotary cutting hole 124 is separated from the suction chamber 125 and the suction hole 123 by the piston body 141, so that the rotary cutting of the tumor tissue and the suction of the normal tissue are ensured to be independently performed, and the operation precision is improved. Wherein, piston body 141 is configured to be movable in the axial direction of catheter 120 within lumen 122, thereby changing the air pressure within adsorption chamber 125, and thereby allowing adsorption of normal tissue by adsorption hole 123. It can be appreciated that the arrangement of the piston body 141 not only realizes the adjustment of the air pressure in the adsorption chamber 125, but also plays a role in separating the rotary cutting hole 124 from the adsorption hole 123, ensures that the rotary cutting and the adsorption processes are not interfered with each other, and further improves the safety and the efficiency of the operation.
It will be appreciated that to facilitate assembly of piston body 141, conduit 120 includes a first portion and a second portion, and for ease of description, a plane perpendicular to the direction of penetration of rotary cutting bore 124 is defined as a die surface, and the axis of conduit 120 is located within the die surface. The die surface separates the conduit 120 into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion includes a rotary cut hole 124 and an adsorption hole 123, and when the adsorption assembly 140 is installed in the adsorption chamber 125, the first portion and the second portion can be connected and fixed by means including but not limited to fastening, welding, etc., so as to ensure stability and tightness of the overall structure of the conduit 120.
In some embodiments, the maximum air pressure within the suction chamber 125 is no greater than the maximum air pressure within the lumen 122 acting on the rotational atherectomy hole 124 to prevent the suction hole 123 from suctioning to tumor tissue, ensuring that only normal tissue is suctioned while avoiding damage to normal tissue suctioned at the suction hole 123. It should be noted that the negative pressure formed by the negative pressure assembly in the lumen 122 may be constant or may be dynamically changed, depending on the actual requirements during the operation.
It is understood that the plane defined perpendicular to the axis of the catheter 120 is a projection plane, and the outer contour shape of the projection formed by the catheter 120 on this projection plane includes, but is not limited to, circular, oval, and other shapes. The shape of the inner contour of the conduit 120 on the projection surface includes, but is not limited to, circular, rectangular, hexagonal, etc., and the inner contour shape of the conduit 120 may be the same as or different from the outer contour shape thereof. Wherein the shape and size of the piston body 141 may be adapted to the shape and size of the adsorption chamber 125.
In some embodiments, the outer surface of piston body 141 may be covered with a layer of soft and well-sealed material, including but not limited to silicone, to enhance its sealing effect with the inner wall of conduit 120, reducing the risk of gas leakage. In addition, to further enhance the flexibility of the breast tumor surgical instrument 100, a sensor may be provided within the lumen 122 to monitor pressure changes within the lumen 122 in real time and feed data back to the control system for automatic adjustment of the negative pressure intensity. The arrangement of the sensor is also beneficial to the overhaul of the breast tumor surgical instrument 100, and the sensor can be used for detecting parameters such as air pressure, flow and the like in the lumen 122 and comparing the parameters with factory parameter references so as to judge whether the connection between the catheter 120 and the negative pressure component is abnormal or whether leakage points exist in the catheter 120 or not.
Referring to fig. 3-5, in some embodiments, suction assembly 140 further includes a drive spring 142, wherein drive spring 142 is positioned within suction chamber 125 and connects conduit 120 and piston body 141, respectively. When the rotary cutter 130 moves toward the direction approaching the spike 121 under the driving of the driving assembly, the rotary cutter 130 pushes the piston body 141 to move toward the spike 121 as well, which compresses the driving spring 142, so that the air in the adsorption chamber 125 is discharged through the adsorption hole 123. The design not only ensures that the risk of aspiration of normal tissues around tumor tissues can be effectively reduced in the cutting process, but also improves the accuracy of the operation, and avoids infection caused by the fact that external air remains in the adsorption chamber 125 and enters mammary tissue along with the spike 121. In particular, in the present solution, the rotary cutter 130 is adopted to push the piston body 141 to move far, instead of additionally designing other driving structures to push the piston body 141 to move, thereby reducing the number of parts, improving the compactness of the structure and reducing the volume of the catheter.
When the rotary cutter 130 is retracted in the direction away from the spike 121 under the action of the driving component, the driving spring 142 gradually releases the elastic force to push the piston body 141 to reset in the direction away from the spike 121, so that the negative pressure in the adsorption chamber 125 is recovered, the continuous adsorption of normal tissues is ensured, the bleeding of the surgical wound surface is reduced, and the safety and the efficiency of the surgery are improved. The piston body 141 is pushed by the rotary cutter 130 to move towards the tip 121, and the restoring force of the driving spring 142 is used to complete the movement towards the tip 121, so that the piston body 141 is effectively positioned and dynamically adjusted in the adsorption chamber 125. Compared to the conventional design of additionally providing a driving structure within lumen 122 and additionally adding a control button at handle 110, this solution simplifies the design, reduces manufacturing costs, reduces operational complexity, and improves surgical efficiency.
Specifically, before inserting the rotary cutter 130 into the mammary tissue, the driving unit is first controlled to move the rotary cutter 130 in a direction approaching the spike 121, so that the piston body 141 is moved in a direction approaching the spike 121 by the push of the rotary cutter 130, compressing the driving spring 142, and exhausting the air in the adsorption chamber 125. Subsequently, after additional preparations are completed, the spike 121 may be surgically inserted into breast tissue and positioned to the tumor site, and the rotary cut hole 124 may be secured to the tumor tissue and the suction hole 123 may be secured to normal tissue surrounding the tumor tissue. Immediately, the driving assembly and the negative pressure assembly are started, the driving assembly drives the rotary cutter 130 to retract towards the direction away from the spike 121 (at this time, the piston body 141 moves towards the direction away from the spike 121 under the elasticity of the driving spring 142, negative pressure is formed in the adsorption chamber 125 to enable normal tissues to be adsorbed to the adsorption hole 123), and the negative pressure assembly applies negative pressure to the inside of the tube cavity 122, so that tumor tissues are sucked and fixed by the rotary cutting hole 124, and meanwhile, the adsorption hole 123 sucks the normal tissues around the tumor tissues, so that separation of the tumor tissues from the normal tissues in the rotary cutting process is ensured, and the miscut risk is reduced. As the rotary cutter 130 continues to retract away from the spike 121, the rotary cutter 130 cuts tumor tissue through the rotary-cut hole 124. After the corresponding tumor tissue is partially or completely resected, the driving component drives the rotary cutter 130 to move towards the direction close to the spike 121 again, the negative pressure component stops applying negative pressure, the rotary cutter 130 pushes the piston body 141 to move towards the direction close to the spike 121, the driving spring 142 is compressed again, the negative pressure in the adsorption chamber 125 disappears, and the normal tissue is separated from the adsorption hole 123. Searching other proper positions for positioning, and repeating the steps until the tumor tissue is completely resected. It should be noted that, the number of times of positioning and cutting tumor tissue at the same position by the breast tumor surgical instrument 100 according to the present application can be flexibly adjusted according to the size and shape of the tumor, so as to avoid miscut or residue caused by the change of the boundary between the tumor tissue and normal tissue after cutting part of tumor tissue. In other words, through multiple accurate positioning and excision, the tumor tissue can be ensured to be thoroughly cleared, and meanwhile, surrounding normal tissues are protected to the greatest extent, so that the overall success rate of the operation is improved.
Referring to fig. 6, the rotary cutter 130 includes a driving rod 131 and a cutter body 132, wherein one end of the driving rod 131 is connected to the cutter body 132, and the other end is connected to a driving assembly in the handle 110. Knife body 132 is provided with a knife edge 133, which knife edge 133 is located on the side facing away from piston body 141 (in this embodiment knife edge 133 is oriented opposite the related art) for ablating tumor tissue aspirated from rotary cutting hole 124 into lumen 122. Specifically, the driving rod 131 can drive the cutter body 132 to move along the axial direction of the catheter 120 under the driving of the driving assembly. During the movement of the cutter body 132 from the side of the rotary-cut hole 124 near the spike 121 to the side away from the spike 121 (the direction of movement of the cutter body 132 in this embodiment is opposite to that of the related art), the knife edge 133 gradually cuts off the tumor tissue. Thus, in the process that the tumor tissue is resected, since the adsorbing hole 123 adsorbs normal tissue around the tumor tissue, and the cutter body 132 moves in a direction away from the adsorbing hole 123 and cuts the tumor tissue, the tumor tissue is pulled in a direction away from the adsorbing hole 123, so that the separation of the tumor tissue from the normal tissue is further ensured, and the possibility of miscut is reduced. And because the normal tissue at the adsorption hole 123 is adsorbed and fixed, the normal tissue at the edge of the tumor tissue at the rotary cut hole 124 (the normal tissue at the side of the rotary cut hole 124 away from the adsorption hole 123) is far away from the rotary cut hole 124 by the extrusion force in the direction away from the spike 121, so that the normal tissues are effectively prevented from entering the rotary cut hole 124, and the miscut of the normal tissues is further avoided. Specifically, in the initial design stage of the present embodiment, the present inventors set an adsorption hole 123 on two sides of the rotary cutting hole 124 of the catheter 120, so that the two adsorption holes 123 can adsorb normal tissues on two sides of the rotary cutting hole 124, thereby further improving the accuracy of cutting breast tumor and preventing erroneous cutting of normal tissues. However, in the above-mentioned structure, since the air at the position of the suction hole 123 needs to be separated from the air at the rotary cutting hole 124, so that the air pressure variation at the two types of holes is not affected, the difficulty of structural design of the catheter is increased due to the requirement, and the pipe structure at the suction hole 123 far from the position of the spike 121 is easy to interfere with the driving structure of the rotary cutting blade 130, which affects the driving of the rotary cutting blade 130 on one hand and the discharge of the resected tumor on the other hand. In this embodiment, only one adsorption hole 123 is provided, and the effect of two adsorption holes 123 can be achieved by reversing the setting position of the knife edge 133 in the related art (i.e., changing the side of the knife edge 133 close to the spike 121 to the side far away from the spike 121) and reversing the cutting direction of the cutter body 132 (i.e., changing the cutting direction of the cutter body 132 from the direction gradually close to the spike 121 to the direction gradually far away from the spike 121). Specifically, in this embodiment, when the rotary cutter 130 resects the tumor, a pulling force is generated to the tumor in a direction away from the spike 121, and the pulling force can cause the tumor to press the normal tissue on the side away from the spike 121 to the side away from the rotary cutting hole 124, so that the normal tissue on the side of the tumor close to the spike 121 is positioned by the adsorption hole 123 and is not resected by mistake, and the normal tissue on the side of the tumor away from the spike 121 is pressed to the side away from the rotary cutting hole 124 by the pulling force of the rotary cutter 130 applied to the tumor and is not resected by mistake. That is, in this solution, through the reverse design of the knife edge 133 and the cutting direction of the rotary cutter 130, the function of two adsorption holes 123 is realized by one adsorption hole 123, and the structural design difficulty and the processing difficulty are also reduced. Meanwhile, in the scheme, the knife edge 133 of the rotary cutter 130 faces to one side far away from the piston body 141, so that the rotary cutter 130 is more convenient to push the piston body 141 to move, and the phenomenon that the knife edge 133 abuts against the piston body 141 to deform when the rotary cutter 130 pushes the piston body 141 to move, so that the cutting effect is influenced, is avoided.
Therefore, based on the cutting direction of the cutter body 132 to the tumor tissue, the effective separation of the tumor tissue from the normal tissue can be realized by only arranging the adsorption hole 123 on one side of the rotary cutting hole 124 on the catheter 120, thereby simplifying the instrument structure and improving the operation convenience. And after the tumor tissue is resected by the instrument of the present application, the resected tumor tissue can be smoothly pushed out of the lumen 122 by the movement of the cutter body 132. In the related art, a hollow tubular cutter is used for cutting tumor tissues, the cut tumor tissues are discharged through the hollow tubular cutter, but the negative pressure in the outer tube sleeved outside the cutter is difficult to maintain due to the mode, so that the tumor tissues cannot be effectively adsorbed, and the cutting effect of the tumor tissues is seriously affected. In the present application, after the cutter body 132 moves along the axial direction of the catheter 120 in the direction away from the spike 121 to ablate tumor tissue, the cutter body can continue to move in the direction away from the spike 121 to push the resected tumor tissue to the outlet of the lumen 122, thereby ensuring smooth discharge of tumor tissue. The feasibility of the negative pressure environment in the lumen 122 can be effectively ensured, meanwhile, the cut tumor tissue is prevented from blocking the lumen 122, the cleanliness and the reliability of the surgical instrument are improved, and the surgical risk is reduced.
In some embodiments, the knife edge 133 of the knife body 132 may be designed to be replaceable to accommodate tumor tissue cutting requirements of different sizes and hardness. In addition, the cutter body 132 may also incorporate illumination devices, such as LED lamps, to provide a localized high intensity light source, which is particularly important in deep tissue surgery, to improve the surgical field. Meanwhile, considering that debris generated during the operation may affect the line of sight, a cleaning nozzle may be provided on the cutter body 132 to maintain the clear view of the operation region by injecting physiological saline or other cleaning solution.
In some embodiments, the knife edge 133 may also be disposed on a side of the knife body 132 facing the piston body 141, with the cutting direction of the knife body 132 being along the axial direction of the catheter 120 and facing away from the spike 121. In order to prevent the cutter body 132 and/or the piston body 141 from being damaged during the movement of the rotary cutter 130 to push the piston body 141 in the direction approaching the spike 121, a protrusion structure is provided at a center position of a side of the piston body 141 facing the cutter body 132. When the rotary cutter 130 moves toward the direction approaching the spike 121 and pushes the piston body 141, the protrusion structure can abut against the non-knife edge 133 of the rotary cutter 130, so that the cutter body 132 is spaced from the piston body 141 while facilitating the transmission of the pushing force of the rotary cutter 130 to the piston body 141. It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, a supporting portion may be provided at the non-knife edge 133 of the side of the rotary cutter 130 facing the piston body 141, and the supporting portion may contact the piston body 141 during the movement of the rotary cutter 130 pushing the piston body 141, so that the piston body 141 is spaced from the cutter body 132 and the pushing force of the rotary cutter 130 to the piston body 141 is transmitted. In other embodiments, the center of the side of the piston body 141 facing the rotary cutter 130 is provided with a protrusion structure, and the non-knife edge 133 position of the side of the rotary cutter 130 facing the piston body 141 is provided with a holding portion capable of detachably contacting the protrusion structure, so that when the rotary cutter 130 pushes the piston body 141 to move in a direction approaching the spike 121, both can transmit the pushing force of the rotary cutter 130 to the piston body 141 while the cutter body 132 is spaced from the piston body 141.
Referring to fig. 6, a side of the cutter body 132 facing away from the piston body 141 is provided with a recess 134, and the recess 134 is used to accommodate not only one end of the driving rod 131 (the end near the piston body 141) but also a temporary storage area after tumor tissue is resected. Specifically, one end of the driving rod 131 is extended into the center of the cavity 134 and is firmly coupled with the tool body 132, ensuring that the driving rod 131 can effectively transmit a driving command of the driving assembly during the rotational cutting operation, so that the tool body 132 stably moves (moves and rotates) within the lumen 122 under the driving command. The design of cavity 134 allows the resected tumor tissue to be temporarily stored therein, avoiding the possibility of tissue fragments blocking catheter 120 or affecting the subsequent cutting process. This design improves the efficiency of the procedure and reduces the interruption of the procedure by clearing tissue debris.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in order to further optimize the treatment process of the tumor tissue, the cutter body 132 is provided with a through hole 135. The number of the through holes 135 may be one or a plurality, and the through holes 135 are provided to penetrate along the axial direction of the catheter 120 and communicate with the cavity 134. When the rotary cutter 130 cuts off the tumor tissue and the rotary cutter 130 moves to a side of the rotary cut hole 124 facing the piston away from the piston body 141, the through-hole 135 can communicate with the outside through the rotary cut hole 124. Thus, the negative pressure assembly generates a negative pressure on the side of the rotary cutter 130 facing away from the piston body 141, while the side of the through-hole 135 facing the piston body 141 is at atmospheric pressure, which can enter the cavity 134 through the through-hole 135, and the air pressure of the tumor tissue in the cavity 134 on the side near the piston body 141 is greater than the air pressure on the side near the handle 110, so that the tumor tissue can discharge the tube 122 under the pressure difference. The design not only simplifies the collection step of the tissue sample after the operation, but also can effectively prevent the problems of tissue residue or blockage of the catheter 120 due to the action of negative pressure, thereby ensuring the smooth operation process.
In some embodiments, cutter body 132 may be formed from an annular cutter body joined end to end with knife edge 133 on a side facing away from piston body 141. In other embodiments, cutter body 132 may include a plurality of blades, each evenly distributed about the circumference of the axis of drive rod 131, each blade having a blade edge 133 at an end facing away from piston body 141. In some embodiments, knife edge 133 may also be disposed on the side of the knife edge that faces away from piston body 141 and the knife edge adjacent to the other knife edge.
Referring to fig. 3, the spike 121 is designed with an inclined surface 126 that not only helps to penetrate tissue more easily, but also provides a better angle of operation. The suction hole 123 penetrates through the inclined surface 126, so that when the piston body 141 moves in a direction away from the spike 121, the suction hole 123 can be normally opened to ensure that normal tissues can be effectively sucked in a surgical procedure. The inclined surface 126 is arranged to enable a grid formed by the boundary between the plane and the inclined surface to exist between the adsorption hole 123 and the rotary cutting hole 124, so that the risk of aspiration of tumor tissues can be reduced. The piston body 141 is provided with a blocking protrusion which can move between a first position, in which the blocking protrusion is closely attached to the adsorption hole 123 to prevent air or liquid from passing therethrough and to prevent the edge of the adsorption hole 123 from scraping tissue cells during the penetration of the spike 121 into the subcutaneous tissue, and a second position, in which the blocking protrusion is separated from the adsorption hole 123 to allow normal tissue to be adsorbed by the adsorption hole 123. Specifically, when the rotary cutter 130 pushes the piston body 141 to move to a final position in a direction approaching the spike 121 under the driving of the driving assembly, the blocking protrusion can block the adsorption hole 123, and a side of the blocking protrusion facing away from the piston body 141 is flush with the inclined surface 126.
Referring to fig. 3, the inside of the guide tube 120 is provided with a stepped portion 127, and the stepped portion 127 includes an annular stepped surface facing the piston body 141. When drive spring 142 urges piston body 141 to move away from spike 121, piston body 141 eventually abuts this annular stepped surface. This structural design not only ensures the stability of the movement of piston body 141, but also provides a fixed end position that prevents excessive movement of piston body 141 from causing equipment failure or surgical failure. In other words, the driving spring 142 is configured to drive the piston body 141 to abut against the annular step surface, so as to avoid the excessive movement of the piston body 141 in a direction away from the spike 121, which results in the excessive negative pressure inside the adsorption chamber 125 to damage normal tissues, and simultaneously avoid the piston body 141 entering the lumen 122 to affect the excision operation of the rotary cutter 130 on tumor tissues. The provision of the stepped portion 127 is also advantageous in that the accuracy of controlling the negative pressure in the adsorption chamber 125 is improved, and the use requirement for the drive spring 142 is reduced. Each movement end point of the piston body 141 is defined by the annular step surface, and the stability of the negative pressure value in the adsorption chamber 125 is ensured, so that the tissue injury caused by the negative pressure fluctuation is effectively avoided, and the safety and the efficiency of the operation are improved.
In some embodiments, the driving force of the piston body 141 moving away from the spike 121 may be achieved by other structures than the driving spring 142, and the movement of the piston body 141 is driven by a magnetic member, as will be described below, and the inside of the guide tube 120 is provided with a step 127, and the step 127 includes an annular step surface facing the piston body 141. A first magnetic member is provided on the annular step surface, and a second magnetic member is provided on the piston body 141, and the rotary cutter 130 is provided with a third magnetic member. When the rotary cutter 130 moves in a direction approaching the spike 121, the third magnetic member and the second magnetic member are attracted to each other, the piston body 141 moves in a direction approaching the spike 121 along with the movement of the rotary cutter 130, and the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member are separated from each other. When the rotary cutter 130 moves in a direction away from the spike 121, the third magnetic element and the second magnetic element are attracted to each other, the piston body 141 moves along with the rotary cutter 130 in a direction away from the spike 121 under the action of the attraction force until the second magnetic element and the first magnetic element are attracted to each other, the third magnetic element and the second magnetic element are separated, and the piston body 141 is finally abutted against the annular step surface.
It is understood that the first magnetic member may be a structure including, but not limited to, a magnet and a magnetically conductive material, and the second magnetic member may be a structure including, but not limited to, a magnet and a magnetically conductive material, but it should be noted that at least one of the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member is a magnet, so as to ensure reliability and stability of magnetic attraction. The third magnetic member may be a structure including, but not limited to, a magnet, an electromagnet, and a magnetically conductive material, where when the second magnetic member is a magnetically conductive material, the third magnetic member needs to use a magnet or an electromagnet to achieve effective attraction. When the third magnetic member is an electromagnet, the magnetic magnitude and the magnetic existence thereof can be controlled by adjusting the current, so as to realize the precise adjustment and control of the connection or separation of the rotary cutter 130 and the piston body 141. It should be noted that, the arrangement of the second magnetic member and the first magnetic member is beneficial to ensuring that when the rotary cutter 130 is separated from the piston body 141, the piston body 141 can keep a state of contacting with the annular step surface, so as to avoid the piston body 141 moving towards the direction close to the spike 121 due to the negative pressure in the adsorption chamber 125, and the adsorption hole 123 fails to adsorb normal tissues.
Because piston body 141 is closer to the annular step surface, it is within the magnetic attraction range throughout the entire movement of piston body 141, in some embodiments, a first magnetic member may be disposed on the annular step surface, and a second magnetic member may be disposed on piston body 141 (without disposing a third magnetic member on rotary cutter 130), with the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member being attracted to each other. In the working process, the rotary cutter 130 is utilized to push the piston body 141 away from the annular step surface, after the adsorption hole is positioned at a proper position, the rotary cutter 130 moves towards the direction away from the spike part 121, and the adsorption force of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part can drive the piston body 141 to be abutted against the annular step surface, so that normal tissues are sucked into the adsorption hole 123.
In some embodiments, the design of the adsorption holes 123 may take the form of a plurality of micro-holes that are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the duct 120 and distributed circumferentially around the axis of the duct 120. Each micropore is directly communicated to the inside of the lumen 122, so that the adsorption area can be increased, and the adsorption effect on normal tissues can be improved. Meanwhile, due to the existence of micropores, the adsorption process is milder and more uniform, and the damage risk to surrounding normal tissues is reduced. In this way, not only normal tissue around the operation area can be more effectively fixed, but also the effect of excision is prevented from being affected by erroneous suction of tumor tissue into the suction chamber 125.
It should be noted that, if the directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear) is included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indication is only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components at a particular pose and if the particular pose changes, the directional indication changes accordingly. When directional references are introduced in the embodiments, the direction may be unidirectional, or bidirectional (two parallel and opposite directions to each other), and in particular, unidirectional or bidirectional, as can be achieved by one of ordinary skill in the art, unless the direction is specifically limited to unidirectional. Where the directional references are bi-directional, it is to be considered that two different embodiments are presented in parallel.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and/or", "and/or" and/or "are used throughout, the meaning of" and/or "includes three parallel schemes, for example," a and/or B "includes a scheme, or B scheme, or a scheme where a and B meet simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather should be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following description and drawings or any application directly or indirectly to other relevant art(s).