Disclosure of Invention
The intelligent refrigerating equipment for precooling agricultural products comprises a refrigerating bin, a goods shelf, a rail, a thermal capacity detection assembly, an infrared thermal imager and an infrared thermal imager, wherein the refrigerating bin is provided with a refrigerator on one side of the refrigerating bin and used for providing cool air to the refrigerating bin, the goods shelf is paved in the refrigerating bin, the rail is paved at the top of the refrigerating bin and used for bearing a mover, the thermal capacity detection assembly is fixed below the mover and used for detecting the change of the thermal capacity of agricultural products, the refrigerator can adjust refrigerating power according to the detection result of the thermal capacity detection assembly, the thermal capacity detection assembly comprises a housing which is fixed below the mover and provided with an opening below the housing, a first telescopic cylinder which is semi-embedded into the housing, a clamping jaw assembly which is fixed at the output end of the first telescopic cylinder, the opening and closing assembly is arranged at the bottom of the housing and can perform opening and closing conversion, the opening and closing assembly has a heating function, and the infrared thermal imager is arranged outside or inside the housing.
Preferably, when the thermal infrared imager detects a sudden drop in the thermal capacitance of the agricultural product, the power of the refrigerator is reduced by 40%.
Preferably, the opening and closing assembly comprises a swivel which is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the housing, a plurality of plugging plates which are circumferentially distributed and can form a disc and are hinged to the opening of the housing by adopting a rotating shaft, and a plurality of follow-up rods which correspond to the plugging plates, wherein one ends of the follow-up rods are hinged with the swivel, and the other ends of the follow-up rods are hinged with the corresponding plugging plates.
Preferably, each plugging plate is embedded with at least one section of heating wire, and the sections of heating wires together form a spiral shape.
Preferably, the clamping jaw assembly comprises a driver, two first connecting rods, two third connecting rods and a jaw body, wherein the driver is provided with two symmetrically arranged rotating ends, one end of the first connecting rods is fixedly connected with the rotating ends, the other end of the first connecting rods is hinged with the second connecting rods, one end of the third connecting rods is symmetrically arranged and hinged with the driver, and the jaw body is jointly hinged with the corresponding second connecting rods and third connecting rods.
Preferably, a supporting rod is fixed on one side of the claw body, an auxiliary claw is hinged on one side of the supporting rod, and a second telescopic cylinder is hinged between the auxiliary claw and the claw body.
Preferably, the auxiliary claw is approximately L-shaped and is used for carrying out bottom covering on agricultural products.
Preferably, the projection of the auxiliary claw on the claw body is intersected with the claw body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides intelligent refrigeration equipment for pre-cooling agricultural products, which has the following beneficial effects:
The equipment is provided with the heat capacity detection component, can sense the heat capacity change of agricultural products, and automatically adjusts the refrigerating power output, so that the whole precooling process is automatically controlled, the hysteresis caused by conventional temperature detection can be effectively solved, and the occurrence of frostbite is reduced.
According to the invention, the clamping jaw assembly can grasp agricultural products through the multi-connecting-rod structure, and is provided with the bottom-covering protection structure, so that the risk of mechanical damage is effectively prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of an intelligent refrigeration apparatus for pre-cooling agricultural products;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan cross-sectional view of a heat capacity detection assembly in an intelligent refrigeration appliance for pre-cooling agricultural products;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of a heat capacity detection assembly in an intelligent refrigeration appliance for pre-cooling agricultural products;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a jaw assembly of an intelligent refrigeration appliance for pre-cooling agricultural products;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a jaw assembly in an intelligent refrigeration appliance for pre-cooling produce;
In the figure, 1, a refrigerating bin, 2, a refrigerator, 3, a goods shelf, 4, a shifter, 5, a heat capacity detection assembly, 6, a track, 51, a housing, 52, a first telescopic cylinder, 53, a clamping jaw assembly, 54, an opening and closing assembly, 541, a swivel, 542, a follower rod, 543, a blocking plate, 544, a rotating shaft, 531, a driver, 532, a first connecting rod, 533, a second connecting rod, 534, a third connecting rod, 535, a claw body, 536, a supporting rod, 537, an auxiliary claw, 538 and a second telescopic cylinder.
Detailed Description
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and are merely illustrative of the manner in which embodiments of the application have been described in connection with the description of the objects having the same attributes. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1-6, in an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent refrigeration device for pre-cooling agricultural products is provided, including:
A refrigerating bin 1, one side of which is provided with a refrigerator 2, wherein the refrigerator 2 is used for providing cool air for the refrigerating bin 1;
A shelf 3 laid in the cooling bin 1;
the rail 6 is laid on the top of the refrigeration bin 1 and is used for bearing the mover 4;
And a heat capacity detection assembly 5 fixed below the mover 4 for detecting a heat capacity change of the agricultural product, and the refrigerator 2 can adjust a cooling power according to a detection result of the heat capacity detection assembly 5.
In practice, the agricultural products to be precooled are first placed on the shelves 3 in the refrigeration bin 1. The mover 4 then moves along the track 6 on top of the refrigeration compartment 1, driving the heat capacity detection assembly 5 therebelow to move over or near the agricultural product. The heat capacity detecting assembly 5 detects heat capacity variation of different positions or different kinds of agricultural products. The heat capacity reflects the ability of an agricultural product to absorb or release heat, which also changes as the temperature of the agricultural product decreases.
The heat capacity detection component 5 transmits the detected heat capacity data to the refrigerator 2 in real time, and the refrigerator 2 judges the precooling state and the demand of the agricultural products according to the received heat capacity data. For example, when it is detected that the heat capacity of the agricultural product in a certain area is large, which means that the temperature of the agricultural product in the area is high or the pre-cooling speed is low, more cooling capacity is needed to reduce the temperature, at this time, the control system will send a command to increase the cooling power of the refrigerator 2 and deliver more cooling air to the area.
That is, the whole precooling process realizes automatic control, the heat capacity detection assembly 5 automatically detects, the data automatically transmits, the refrigerator 2 automatically adjusts the power, manual intervention is reduced, labor intensity is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the heat capacity detecting module 5 includes:
A cover 51 fixed below the mover 4, and having an opening below the cover 51;
a first telescopic cylinder 52 which is half-embedded in the housing 51;
a jaw assembly 53 fixed to the output end of the first telescopic cylinder 52;
An opening and closing member 54 mounted at the bottom of the housing 51, which can be opened and closed, and the opening and closing member 54 has a heating function;
a thermal infrared imager is provided outside or inside the housing 51.
In operation, the opening and closing assembly 54, when opened, provides room for the jaw assembly 53 to operate. The first telescopic cylinder 52 extends downwardly pushing the jaw assembly 53 closer to the produce. The clamping jaw assembly 53 precisely acts to stably clamp the agricultural product. Subsequently, the first telescopic cylinder 52 is quickly reset, and the clamping jaw assembly 53 and the clamped agricultural product are driven to move upwards for a certain distance, so that the agricultural product is separated from the original placement position. Then, the opening and closing component 54 is closed, so that interference factors such as external air flow, temperature fluctuation and the like are effectively isolated, and a stable environment is created for subsequent accurate detection.
At this time, the heating function of the opening and closing assembly 54 is activated to pulse heat the agricultural product in the enclosed space. The pulse heating mode can rapidly and accurately give a certain amount of heat energy input to the agricultural products, so that the temperature of the agricultural products can be measurably changed in a short time, and meanwhile, the quality of the agricultural products is prevented from being damaged by long-time heating. In the heating process, the thermal infrared imager continuously monitors the temperature change condition of the surface of the agricultural product with high precision. Because the heat capacity is closely related to the temperature change when the object absorbs or releases heat, the heat capacity value of the part of agricultural products can be accurately calculated by recording the temperature change of the agricultural products before and after heating and the input heat information and combining the known parameters such as heating power, heating time and the like by utilizing a heat capacity calculation formula, and the detailed description is omitted.
After the heat capacity detection is completed, the opening and closing assembly 54 is opened again, the first telescopic cylinder 52 stretches again, the clamping jaw assembly 53 is pushed to send the agricultural products back to the original placing position, and the position of the agricultural products is ensured not to be affected by the detection process. After the clamping jaw assembly 53 is reset, the opening and closing assembly 54 is quickly closed, so that the heat capacity detection assembly 5 is restored to the initial state, and the next detection task is waited.
It should be explained that the heat capacity is a leading indicator of "state mutation".
For example, the core goal of potato precooling is to inhibit ice crystal growth (avoid cell disruption). When the free water in the interior starts to freeze, the thermal capacity can be suddenly changed (liquid water C=4.18 kJ/kg.K, and ice C=2.09 kJ/kg.K), and a 'plateau' can appear near the freezing point (for example, the temperature is maintained for 30 minutes at-1 ℃), so in the prior art, the surface layer temperature detection has certain hysteresis, in the application, a thermal capacity detection environment can be constructed by utilizing the cover shell 51 and the opening and closing component 54, and the thermal capacity detection of agricultural products can be realized by combining a pulse heating mode and the detection of a thermal infrared imager, thereby avoiding the hysteresis of the temperature detection and preventing the frostbite condition.
Further, still taking potato as an example, when the thermal infrared imager detects that the heat capacity of the agricultural product is suddenly reduced to 3.0 kJ/kg·k, the power of the refrigerator 2 is reduced by 40%.
In this embodiment, the opening and closing assembly 54 includes:
a swivel 541 rotatably provided at a bottom of the housing 51;
A plurality of blocking plates 543 which are circumferentially distributed and can form a disc and are hinged to the opening of the housing 51 by a rotating shaft 544;
A plurality of follower rods 542 corresponding to the blocking plates 543 are hinged at one end to the swivel 541 and at the other end to the corresponding blocking plate 543.
In addition, at least one section of heating wire is embedded in each of the plugging plates 543, and the sections of heating wires together form a spiral shape.
In practice, when the mover 4 moves the heat capacity detecting assembly 5 to a proper position, an external driving device (such as a small motor) drives the swivel 541 to rotate, and the rotation of the swivel 541 pulls the follower rod 542 hinged thereto to move. Since the other end of the follower lever 542 is hinged to the blocking plate 543, each blocking plate 543 is rotated about the respective rotation shaft 544 and gradually opened under the traction of the follower lever 542. As the swivel 541 continues to rotate, the gap between the blocking plates 543 increases, and the bottom opening of the housing 51 is fully open, providing an operating space for the jaw assembly 53 to descend and grip agricultural products.
In addition, the multi-section heating wires are embedded in each plugging plate 543 to form a spiral structure, and the layout mode can enable heat generated by the heating wires to be more uniformly emitted to agricultural products. Compared with the traditional single heating source or simple linear heating wire layout, the spiral heating wire can avoid the problem of local overheating or uneven heating, ensure that agricultural products are heated uniformly in the pulse heating process, and further improve the accuracy of heat capacity detection.
In this embodiment, the clamping jaw assembly 53 includes:
A driver 531 having two symmetrically disposed rotating ends;
two first links 532 corresponding to the rotation ends, one ends of which are fixedly connected with the rotation ends and the other ends of which are hinged with second links 533;
Two third links 534 symmetrically arranged, one ends of which are hinged with the driver 531;
the corresponding second link 533 and third link 534 are commonly hinged with a claw body 535.
In operation, when first telescoping cylinder 52 pushes jaw assembly 53 down to approach the produce, actuator 531 is activated. The two rotational ends of the driver 531 start to rotate symmetrically inward, which drives the first link 532 fixedly connected thereto to rotate.
The rotation of the first link 532 pulls the second link 533, the other end of which is hinged, to move. Since the second link 533 and the third link 534 are commonly hinged to the claw body 535, the two claw bodies 535 start to approach toward the middle by the linkage of the first link 532, the second link 533, and the third link 534.
Along with the continuous rotation of the rotating end of the driver 531, the claw body 535 gradually approaches the agricultural product, and finally, the claw body is tightly attached to the surface of the agricultural product, so that stable clamping of the agricultural product is realized. In the clamping process, the clamping force of the claw body 535 can be accurately adjusted by controlling the rotation angle of the driver 531 according to the shape, the size and the surface characteristics of the agricultural products, so as to avoid damage to the agricultural products.
Further, a support rod 536 is fixed on one side of the claw body 535, an auxiliary claw 537 is hinged on one side of the support rod 536, and a second telescopic cylinder 538 is hinged between the auxiliary claw 537 and the claw body 535. And the auxiliary claw 537 is nearly L-shaped and is used for carrying out bottom covering on agricultural products.
As the gripping process advances, second telescoping cylinder 538 begins to extend as further stabilization of the agricultural product is desired, particularly for some easily rolling, smooth surfaced or irregularly shaped agricultural products. Extension of the second telescoping cylinder 538 urges the auxiliary pawl 537 to rotate about its hinge point with the support rod 536.
Because the auxiliary claw 537 is nearly L-shaped, the shorter side thereof gradually extends towards the bottom direction of the agricultural product in the rotation process, and finally the bottom-holding action of the agricultural product is realized. The design of nearly "L" type makes auxiliary claw 537 can laminate agricultural product bottom shape better, provides stable holding power, prevents that agricultural product from dropping because of gravity effect or external disturbance in the centre gripping process.
And the auxiliary claw 537 cooperates with the claw body 535 to subject the agricultural product to a stable gripping force in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The multidirectional stress balance design can be better suitable for agricultural products with different shapes and characteristics, can keep a stable clamping state in various operating environments, reduces shaking and displacement of the agricultural products in the detection process, and improves accuracy of detection data.
Further, the projection of the auxiliary pawl 537 onto the pawl body 535 intersects the pawl body 535.
The projection of the auxiliary claws 537 onto the claw body 535 and the claw body 535 are crossed, which means that an included angle exists between the auxiliary claws 537 and a vertical line, that is, the auxiliary claws 537 are inclined, in fig. 6, the inclination directions of the two auxiliary claws 537 are consistent, and in a preferred embodiment, the inclination directions of the two auxiliary claws 537 are opposite.
The three-dimensional clamping system formed by the cross projection structure can effectively resist external interference factors such as vibration, airflow, collision and the like. Compared with the traditional plane clamping structure, the three-dimensional clamping mode has stronger stability in all directions, and ensures that agricultural products always maintain stable positions in the clamping, lifting and detecting processes.
Because the cross projection structure disperses the clamping force, the local stress concentration is reduced, and therefore, the mechanical damage to the surface of the agricultural product can be effectively reduced. In particular, for some soft and easily damaged agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and the like, the structural design can better protect the appearance and the quality of the agricultural products.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.