Negative pressure sucking disc formula voltage signal measuring deviceTechnical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of voltage signal measurement, and particularly relates to a negative pressure sucker type voltage signal measurement device.
Background
Voltage signal measurement plays an important role in modern technical application and is widely applied to the fields of industrial automation, environmental monitoring, medical monitoring and the like. The conventional voltage signal measurement method generally attaches an electrode directly to the surface of an object to be measured. Although simple, the method has a plurality of problems and limitations in practical application, and affects the stability, precision and reliability of measurement.
For example, in industrial automation and environmental monitoring, voltage signal measurement devices need to have high tamper resistance and stability to function properly in complex and harsh environments. The mode of directly attaching the electrode is more easily influenced by electromagnetic interference and mechanical vibration under the environment, so that measurement data is unstable, and the requirement of high-precision measurement cannot be met. Oil stains, dust and the like in the industrial environment can also influence the contact quality between the electrode and the surface of the object to be measured, and further reduce the measurement precision and reliability. In addition, after the electrode is attached to the surface of the object to be measured, the electrode is not easy to move again.
Therefore, the novel voltage signal measuring device is designed, overcomes the defects of the traditional object surface voltage signal measuring device and has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a negative pressure sucker type voltage signal measuring device which comprises a cavity, a flexible sucker, a conduction pipe, an elastic cavity, a first annular electrode and a second annular electrode. The edge of the flexible sucker is fixed at the edge of the bottom of the cavity, and the flexible sucker is recessed into the cavity in a natural state. The center of the flexible sucker is provided with an opening, the opening is communicated with the elastic cavity through a conduction pipe, and the conduction pipe movably penetrates through the top of the cavity. The first annular electrode and the second annular electrode are arranged on the outer side of the cavity on the flexible sucker, the first annular electrode is located on one side close to the edge of the cavity, the second annular electrode is located on one side close to the center of the flexible sucker, and the first annular electrode and the second annular electrode are not in contact. When the flexible sucker is applied, the first wire penetrates through the flexible sucker, one end of the first wire is electrically connected with the second annular electrode, the other end of the first wire is used for outputting signals, the elastic cavity is extruded, negative pressure is formed in the elastic cavity, the flexible sucker is adsorbed on the surface of an object to be tested, and the first annular electrode and the second annular electrode are tightly attached to the surface of the object to be tested.
The invention realizes the stable contact between the electrode and the surface of the object to be measured by adopting the flexible sucker and the negative pressure adsorption technology, thereby improving the stability and the accuracy of the measurement signal, and simultaneously, the acquisition of the voltage signal and the interference shielding are optimized by utilizing the layout of the annular electrode.
Further, the material of the cavity is low carbon steel. The low-carbon steel has higher electromagnetic field absorption capacity, and the low-carbon steel material forms a good shielding shell, so that the external electromagnetic interference is effectively shielded, the internal measurement signal is protected from the influence of the external environment, and the measurement precision and stability are improved.
Further, the material of the conduction pipe is stainless steel. The stainless steel material has higher mechanical strength and hardness, can bear larger pressure and mechanical stress, and ensures the stability and durability of the conduction pipe in the use process. In addition, the stainless steel has smooth surface and low friction coefficient, the conducting pipe can be kept smooth during moving, friction is reduced, and meanwhile, the resistance of the stainless steel conducting pipe to gas flowing inside is small.
Further, the material of the elastic cavity and the flexible sucker is rubber. For the flexible sucker, rubber can be tightly attached to various shapes and textures of the surface of an object to be measured, so that good contact between the electrode and the surface is ensured, and the flexible sucker is suitable for measuring complex and irregular surfaces. For the elastic cavity, the rubber material has good sealing performance, negative pressure can be effectively formed, the flexible sucker is firmly and lowly adsorbed on the surface of an object to be detected, and the adsorption stability and durability are improved.
Still further, the cross section of the first ring electrode extends to the other side of the flexible suction cup. In use, the portions of the first ring electrode on either side of the flexible chuck are in communication via a plurality of through holes. Therefore, the first annular electrode has larger shielding area and lower resistance and inductance, can shield electromagnetic interference from the surface of an object more effectively, and reduces the influence of external noise on a measurement signal.
Further, the material of the first annular electrode is conductive rubber, and the material of the second annular electrode is silver/silver chloride. The conductive rubber has excellent flexibility, can better fit and adapt to the shape and texture of the surface of an object to be measured, ensures good contact and stability of an electrode, has good conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance, and can effectively shield external electromagnetic interference. In addition, the silver/silver chloride has excellent stability in electrochemical reaction, can reduce the fluctuation of interface potential, ensure the stability and reliability of the measuring signal. In the invention, the conductive rubber is used as a first annular electrode and mainly responsible for electromagnetic shielding, the silver/silver chloride electrode is used as a second annular electrode and is focused on high-static voltage signal measurement, and the combination of the two materials optimizes the performance of the whole measurement system.
Further, the thickness of the first annular electrode is small near one side of the edge of the cavity, and the thickness of the first annular electrode is large near one side of the center of the flexible sucker. That is, by designing the electrode thickness to gradually increase, the shielding effect gradually increasing from the edge to the center is realized, the external electromagnetic interference is more effectively blocked, and the measuring signal in the center area is ensured to be purer. In addition, the thickness of the electrode near the center is larger, the mechanical strength and stability of the electrode in the center area are improved, the electrode is ensured to keep good contact with the surface of the object to be measured in the center area, and meanwhile, the thickness near the edge is smaller, so that the edge of the electrode is softer, the electrode can be better attached to and adapt to the tiny change of the surface of the object to be measured, and the contact quality of the whole electrode is ensured.
Further, the top surface of the first ring electrode is wide, and the bottom surface of the first ring electrode is narrow. The design of the top surface width increases the contact area of the electrode, enhances the supporting capability of the flexible sucker and the cavity, and increases the stability of the whole structure. When the device is applied, the first annular electrode is adsorbed on the surface of the object to be detected, so that the design can better block air from flowing through the section between the first annular electrode and the object to be detected, and the stability of the system is enhanced.
Furthermore, the outer side of the cavity body is marked with scales. Through the scale, the user can pinpoint the position of the pipe to realize accurate negative pressure regulation and flexible sucking disc's adsorption strength. The accurate control ensures the consistency of each operation condition and improves the repeatability and reliability of experiments and measurement. In addition, the scales can also help the user to intuitively see the position of the guide pipe, so that the blindness and uncertainty of adjustment are reduced, and the operation steps are simplified. The intuitive design not only reduces errors caused by human factors, but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of the whole operation.
Further, when the flexible sucker is used, a second wire penetrates through the flexible sucker to be connected with the first annular electrode, and meanwhile, the first wire penetrates through the flexible sucker to be connected with the second annular electrode. And respectively acquiring the electric signals of the first annular electrode and the second annular electrode to obtain two independent signal channels. The two paths of signals are respectively amplified by using a low-noise preamplifier so as to improve the signal strength and reduce the noise influence. And respectively filtering the two paths of signals to remove high-frequency noise and unnecessary frequency components and ensure the purity of the signals. And inputting the amplified and filtered signals into a differential amplifier, and calculating the difference value of the signals of the two electrodes. The differential amplifier can effectively suppress common mode noise, thereby enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio. And comparing the difference of the two electrode signals to judge the intensity of the noise signal. If the difference between the two electrode signals is larger, the stronger noise interference exists, and if the difference is smaller, the weaker noise effect is indicated. In combination with the signals of the two electrodes, a more stable and accurate voltage signal is extracted through a weighted average or other fusion algorithm. In addition, noise correction and compensation can be performed on the measurement signal according to the differential processing result, so that the accuracy of the final signal can be improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the electrode is tightly contacted with the surface of the object to be measured by the negative pressure adsorption force formed by the flexible sucker, so that measurement errors caused by poor contact are avoided.
(2) The invention designs the double-ring electrode, wherein the first ring electrode is positioned at the edge of the cavity and used for shielding external electromagnetic interference, the second ring electrode is positioned at the center of the flexible sucker and used for accurately measuring voltage signals, and the two electrodes are mutually matched, so that the purity and the measurement accuracy of the signals are improved.
(3) The cavity reduces the influence of external dust and moisture on voltage measurement, and improves the reliability of measurement results.
(4) The invention has the advantages of relatively simple structure, easy manufacture and operation, and convenient movement of the device for measuring other parts of the object after the measurement of one part of the object is finished.
By combining the beneficial effects, the invention has good application prospect in the technical field of voltage signal measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a negative pressure suction cup type voltage signal measuring device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of yet another negative pressure suction cup type voltage signal measuring device.
In the figure, 1, a cavity, 2, a flexible sucker, 3, a conduction pipe, 4, an elastic cavity, 5, a first annular electrode and 6, a second annular electrode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a negative pressure sucker type voltage signal measuring device, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a cavity body 1, a flexible sucker 2, a conducting tube 3, an elastic cavity 4, a first annular electrode 5 and a second annular electrode 6. The cavity 1 is made of low-carbon steel, the cavity 1 is cylindrical, the specific size is designed according to actual needs, no specific limitation is made here, the cavity 1 provides structural support and mechanical protection, the low-carbon steel has a good electromagnetic shielding effect, external electromagnetic interference can be effectively shielded, and measurement accuracy is improved. The flexible sucker 2 is made of rubber, the flexible sucker 2 is round, and the shape of the flexible sucker 2 is matched with the shape of the cavity 1. The edge of the flexible sucker 2 is fixed at the edge of the bottom of the cavity 1. In a natural state, the flexible sucker 2 is recessed into the cavity 1. The center of the flexible sucker 2 is provided with an opening which is communicated with the elastic cavity 4 through the conduction pipe 3. The material of the conduction pipe 3 is stainless steel, the conduction pipe 3 is a cylindrical pipeline, and the diameter and the length of the conduction pipe 3 are determined according to the specific design requirements of the device. The conduit 3 is movably penetrating the top of the cavity 1. The outer side of the cavity 1 is marked with graduations on the conducting pipe 3. The guide tube 3 provides an airtight channel for controlling and adjusting the negative pressure of the flexible sucker 2, ensuring that the flexible sucker 2 can be closely adsorbed on the surface of an object to be measured, and meanwhile, the scale marks are convenient for accurately controlling the position of the guide tube 3. The elastic cavity 4 is made of rubber, the elastic cavity 4 is a deformable cavity, and the size of the elastic cavity is adjusted according to the design of the flexible sucker 2 and the conducting tube 3. The elastic cavity 4 is positioned outside the cavity 1, and is convenient to operate and control. The elastic cavity 4 is used for forming negative pressure, and negative pressure is generated inside the flexible sucker 2 by extruding the elastic cavity 4, so that the flexible sucker 2 is tightly adsorbed on the surface of an object to be tested, and good contact between the electrode and the surface is ensured. The first annular electrode 5 is made of conductive rubber, the first annular electrode 5 is arranged on the outer side of the cavity 1 on the flexible sucker 2, and the first annular electrode 5 is located on one side close to the edge of the cavity 1. The first annular electrode 5 provides electromagnetic shielding, reduces external electromagnetic interference, and improves the purity of the measurement signal. In addition, when in use, the first annular electrode 5 is closely attached to the surface of the object to be detected, and external air is prevented from entering the internal negative pressure area. The material of the second ring electrode 6 is silver/silver chloride. A second ring electrode 6 is also provided on the flexible suction cup 2 outside the cavity 1, the second ring electrode 6 being located on the side close to the centre of the flexible suction cup 2. The second ring electrode 6 is used for accurately measuring a voltage signal on the surface of an object to be measured, and the silver/silver chloride material has excellent conductivity and electrochemical stability, so that the accuracy and reliability of signal measurement are ensured. The first ring electrode 5 and the second ring electrode 6 are not in contact, and the distance between the first ring electrode 5 and the second ring electrode 6 is greater than 10 micrometers.
When the flexible sucker is applied, the first wire penetrates through the flexible sucker 2, one end of the first wire is electrically connected with the second annular electrode 6, and the other end of the first wire is used for outputting signals. Negative pressure is formed in the elastic cavity 4 by extruding the elastic cavity 4, and is also formed in the flexible sucker 2 by the guide pipe 3, and the flexible sucker 2 is adsorbed on the surface of an object to be detected. The first annular electrode 5 and the second annular electrode 6 are closely attached to the surface of the object to be measured. The original voltage signal transmitted on the first lead is the surface of the object to be measured. The original voltage signal is filtered, analog-to-digital converted and processed to obtain the final voltage signal.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the first ring electrode 5 extends to the other side of the flexible suction cup 2. The flexible sucker 2 is provided with a through hole, and the first annular electrode 5 extends to the other side of the flexible sucker 2 through the through hole, so that the cross section area and the whole volume of the first annular electrode 5 are increased, and the electromagnetic shielding capability of the first annular electrode 5 is improved.
Preferably, the first ring electrode 5 has a width of 10 mm. The thickness of the first annular electrode 5 is small near the edge of the cavity 1, and the thickness of the first annular electrode 5 is large near the center of the flexible sucker 2. The thickness of the first annular electrode 5 near the edge of the cavity 1 is 1 mm, so that the electrode is more flexible in the edge area, tiny unevenness on the surface of an object to be measured can be better attached, good contact is ensured, the thickness of the first annular electrode 5 near the center of the flexible sucker 2 is 5 mm, a stronger electromagnetic shielding effect can be provided in the center area, electromagnetic interference in the center area is reduced, purity of a measurement signal is improved, in addition, a thicker design also provides higher mechanical strength in the center area, stability of the electrode in the adsorption process is ensured, and deformation or displacement caused by mechanical stress is reduced.
Preferably, the top surface of the first ring electrode 5 is wide and the bottom surface of the first ring electrode 5 is narrow. For example, the first ring electrode 5 has a top surface width of 8 mm, a bottom surface width of 4mm, and gradually increases from the edge to the center height, the edge height is 1mm, and the center height is 5mm. During adsorption, the top surface of the first annular electrode 5 is in contact with an object to be detected, and the design of wider top surface and thinner edge enables the electrode to be softer when contacting the object to be detected, so that the electrode can adapt to tiny unevenness of the surface better, and good electric contact is ensured. Of course, the wider top surface of the first ring electrode 5 is also more advantageous for shielding noise transmitted along the object surface to the second ring electrode 6.
Preferably, in use, a second wire is applied through the flexible sucker 2 to connect the second ring electrode 6. In this way, the first ring electrode signal V1 (t) and the second ring electrode signal V2 (t) are acquired. V1 (t) and V2 (t) are amplified using a low noise preamplifier, respectively, and then the amplified signals V1 (t) and V2 (t) are provided with filtering and bandpass filtering to remove high frequency noise and unwanted frequency components. The filtered signal is then input to a differential amplifier, which calculates a differential signal Vd(t)：Vd(t) = V1(t) - V2 (t). The method for judging the intensity of the noise signal by analyzing the root mean square value (RMS) of the differential signal Vd (t) comprises the following steps of
Wherein T is a period. If the RMS value of Vd (t) is large, this indicates that the noise disturbance is strong, and if the RMS value of Vd (t) is small, this indicates that the noise disturbance is weak. A more stable and accurate voltage signal Vavg(t)：Vavg(t) = αV1(t) + βV2 (t) is extracted by a weighted average algorithm, where α and β are weight coefficients, satisfying α+β=1. The weight coefficients are dynamically adjusted according to the noise level of the signal, wherein,
Noise correction and compensation are performed based on the differential signal Vd (t). The corrected signal Vcorr (t) is:
Vcorr(t) = Vavg(t) – kVd(t),
Where k is a compensation coefficient, adjusted according to the actual noise level and system characteristics.
In summary, the present invention provides a negative pressure suction cup type voltage signal measuring device. The device has the advantages that the electrode can be attached to the surface of an object to be measured more stably through the flexible sucker 2 and the negative pressure adsorption structure, and measurement errors caused by poor contact, vibration and environmental interference in the traditional method are avoided. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the annular electrode further optimizes the signal acquisition and interference shielding effect, so that the measurement result is more reliable and accurate.
The flexible sucker type voltage signal measuring device is not only suitable for medical monitoring, but also can be widely applied to the fields of industrial automation, environmental monitoring, scientific research and the like. In medical monitoring, the method can be used for high-precision measurement of bioelectric signals such as electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, electromyograms and the like, and improves the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis. In industrial automation, the method can be used for monitoring the running state of equipment and diagnosing faults, and improves the safety and efficiency of the production process. In environment monitoring, the system can be used for monitoring parameters such as an atmospheric electric field, electromagnetic radiation and the like, and provides accurate environment data to support environmental protection.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the application.