Evaporation crystallization device for separating sodium sulfate from lithium sulfateTechnical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium battery recovery, in particular to an evaporation crystallization device for separating sodium sulfate from lithium sulfate.
Background
The lithium battery recycling refers to a process of recycling and reusing a used lithium battery. Along with the wide application of lithium batteries in various electronic equipment, energy storage systems and electric automobiles, the problem of battery abandonment is increasingly serious, recycling lithium batteries is not only favorable for reducing environmental pollution, but also favorable for recycling resources, in the recycling process of lithium batteries, the battery structure can be dissolved through acid substances, then the dissolved solution is purified and crystallized through evaporation equipment and the like, firstly, the solution is purified and then heated and evaporated, the solution is concentrated, crystals are gradually formed in the concentrated solution, then the crystals are separated from the solution through filtering separation equipment, the crystals are primarily dried in a centrifugal separation mode after separation, and then the crystals are uniformly recycled for precise treatment.
The centrifugal dewatering device for producing the copper sulfate crystals comprises a base, wherein a dewatering box is arranged at the top of the base, a sealing box cover is detachably connected to the top of the dewatering box, a feed inlet is connected to the top of the sealing box cover in a conducting manner, a liquid discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the dewatering box in a conducting manner, an installation frame is arranged at the bottom in the dewatering box, a rotary table is connected to the top of the installation frame in a rotating manner, and a rotary driving mechanism for driving the rotary table to rotate is arranged between the rotary table and the installation frame.
In the prior art, the concentrated solution is injected into the dehydration equipment from the top for dehydration, and the filtered crystals are stored in the filter tank, but when the dried crystals are taken out, the equipment is required to be opened, the piled crystals are taken out, the operation process is very inconvenient, and inconvenient to connect and process, and secondly, the crystals are tightly attached to the inner wall of the filter tank by centrifugal force in the process of drying, and after drying, the crystals are tightly attached to the inner wall of the filter tank, so that the hardness is high, and the crystals are inconvenient to take out.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide an evaporation crystallization device for separating sodium sulfate from lithium sulfate, so as to solve the technical problem.
The evaporation crystallization device comprises an evaporator, a heat rejection device and a centrifugal separator, wherein a distributor and a jacket pipe are arranged in the evaporator, the evaporator is connected with an external heat source, the heat rejection device is positioned below the evaporator, a steam discharge pipe is arranged on the side face of the heat rejection device, a heater is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the steam discharge pipe, a liquid collecting pipe which is eccentrically arranged is connected with the bottom end of the heat rejection device, a sealing plate and a base are arranged in the centrifugal separator, a driving mechanism is arranged in the sealing plate, a turntable is connected with the upper side of the sealing plate, four groups of filter boxes are arranged in the turntable, a negative pressure centrifugal pump is arranged on the side face of the centrifugal separator and extends to the upper side of the turntable to dry and recover crystals in the filter boxes, a connecting frame is arranged in the centrifugal separator, the connecting frame drives the pipeline to be communicated with the filter boxes, a collecting groove is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting pipeline of the negative pressure centrifugal pump, and a driving mechanism is arranged in the collecting groove to recover the dried crystals.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can be convenient concentrate the stoste to filter concentrated stoste through centrifugal separator, filter the back, retrieve the crystal through negative pressure centrifugal pump.
The evaporator is further characterized in that the top end of the evaporator is connected with a top shell, the top end of the top shell is provided with a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe extends to the inside of the evaporator to be communicated with the distributor, a plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the jacket pipe, and the outer side of the evaporator is provided with a heating pipe which is communicated with the heat exchange pipes.
Preferably, the entering stock solution can be fully heated, the heating area of the stock solution is increased, and the stock solution is conveniently evaporated.
The invention is further arranged that the bottom end of the heat exhauster is provided with the cambered surface guide plate which is communicated with the liquid collecting pipe, and the side surface of the steam discharging pipe, which is positioned on the heat exhauster, is connected with two groups.
Preferably, the concentrated stock solution can be conveniently guided, and steam is conveniently discharged.
The invention is further arranged that the side surface of the centrifugal separator is connected with a return pipe, the return pipe is connected with the bottom end inside the centrifugal separator, the centrifugal separator is arranged above the turntable and is provided with a sealing plate, and the liquid collecting pipe is arranged above the sealing plate and penetrates through the sealing plate.
Preferably, the centrifugal separator can be sealed by a sealing plate, reducing steam ingress.
The invention is further arranged that the top end of the sealing plate is provided with an adjusting cylinder, the output end of the adjusting cylinder is in transmission connection with the connecting frame, the connecting frame is T-shaped, the short rod of the connecting frame is symmetrically connected with two groups of crystal collecting pipes, the outer sides of the crystal collecting pipes are sleeved with first sleeves, the side surfaces of the top ends of the crystal collecting pipes are provided with through holes which are aligned with pipelines in the first sleeves, the bottom ends of the crystal collecting pipes are provided with inclined openings and scrapers, the scrapers are positioned at the inner sides of the inclined openings, when the connecting frame moves to the lowest side, the through holes are communicated with the first sleeves, the end parts of the long rods of the connecting frame are connected with second sleeves, and the bottom ends of the second sleeves are connected with jet heads.
Preferably, the crystal collecting tube and the second sleeve can be conveniently moved up and down, so that the crystal collecting tube and the second sleeve are inserted into the collecting tank when needed, and the crystal collecting tube and the second sleeve are drawn out when not needed.
The invention is further arranged that the top end of the heater is provided with an air inlet, the bottom end of the heater is connected with a flow guide pipe, the flow guide pipe extends to the inside of the centrifugal separator, and the second sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the flow guide pipe.
Preferably, it is possible to facilitate injection of heated air into the interior of the centrifugal separator and into the filter box through the second sleeve.
The invention is further arranged that the two sides of the negative pressure centrifugal pump are respectively connected with the air ejector pipe and the air suction pipe, the length of the air suction pipe is larger than that of the air ejector pipe, the bottom end of the air suction pipe is communicated with the collecting tank, and the air ejector pipe and the air suction pipe extend to the inside of the centrifugal separator and are respectively connected with the two groups of first sleeves.
Preferably, the crystals in the filter box can be dried and discharged conveniently.
The invention is further characterized in that the outer side of the filter box is connected with a limiting swivel, the filter box is rotationally connected with a rotary table through the limiting swivel, the rotary table is connected with fixed lantern rings at the outer sides of the filter boxes of all groups, the bottom end of the filter box is provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is an arc plate, the end part of the connecting plate is round, the top end of the base is connected with a plurality of groups of driving discs, each group of driving discs comprises limiting columns and driven shafts, each limiting column consists of four groups of cylinders, the spacing between the limiting columns is matched with the connecting plate, and the driven shafts are positioned at the inner side of the base.
Preferably, the filter box is conveniently driven to rotate by the driving disc, so that the crystals are centrifugally dried.
The invention is further arranged that the driving mechanism is divided into an upper motor and a lower motor, the output end of the upper motor is connected with the turntable, the output end of the lower motor is connected with a rotating fluted disc, the rotating fluted disc is meshed with the outer wall of the driven shaft, and the rotating fluted disc drives a plurality of groups of driven shafts to synchronously rotate when rotating.
Preferably, the plurality of groups of centrifugal disks are conveniently driven to synchronously rotate.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
According to the invention, through the rotating turntable and the plurality of groups of filter boxes, after the stock solution is concentrated, the crystals in the stock solution are filtered through the plurality of groups of filter boxes, and after the crystals in one group of filter boxes are saturated, the filter boxes are driven to rotate through the turntable, so that other filter boxes which are not saturated are moved below the liquid collecting pipe, the stock solution is filtered continuously, and meanwhile, the crystals in the saturated filter boxes are processed and recovered.
According to the invention, through the turntable, the negative pressure centrifugal pump and the pipelines, when the saturated filter box is processed, the crystals are respectively air-dried and recovered through the positive pressure and the negative pressure of the centrifugal pump, and in the process of processing the crystals, the crystals attached to the inner wall of the filter box are crushed through the crystal collecting pipe, so that the crystals are conveniently recovered, and the contact area between the crystals and air can be increased while the crystals are crushed, so that the crystals are conveniently air-dried and subsequently heated and dried.
According to the invention, the bent connecting plate is arranged at the bottom end of the filter box, and the limiting column matched with the connecting plate is arranged on the driving plate, so that the connecting plate is driven to rotate through the limiting column in the moving process of the filter box, the filter box is driven to rotate, centrifugal drying and scraping treatment with the crystal collecting pipe are facilitated, and the processing effect is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the evaporator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-section of a heat extractor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting and cleaning pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the turntable and the filter box according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the rotary toothed disc of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a crystallization collector tube according to the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the flow guiding tube and the second sleeve.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. The evaporator, 101, top shell, 102, feeding pipe, 103, heating pipe, 104, distributor, 105, jacket pipe, 106, heat exchange pipe, 2, heat radiator, 201, steam discharge pipe, 202, cambered baffle, 203, liquid collection pipe, 3, heater, 301, air inlet, 302, honeycomb duct, 4, centrifugal separator, 401, return pipe, 402, sealing plate, 403, base, 4031, support cylinder, 4032, driving mechanism, 5, negative pressure centrifugal pump, 501, jet pipe, 502, suction pipe, 6, collecting tank, 7, connecting frame, 701, crystallization collection pipe, 7011, through hole, 7012, oblique opening, 7013, scraper, 702, first sleeve, 703, second sleeve, 704, jet head, 8, turntable, 801, fixed collar, 802, reinforcing beam, 9, filter box, 901, limit swivel, 902, connecting plate, 10, driving disk, 1001, limit column, 1002, driven shaft, 11, adjusting cylinder, 12, rotating fluted disc.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in accordance with its entire structure.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an evaporation crystallization device for separating sodium sulfate from lithium sulfate comprises an evaporator 1, a heat exhauster 2 and a centrifugal separator 4, wherein a distributor 104 and a jacket pipe 105 are installed in the evaporator 1, a top shell 101 is connected to the top end of the evaporator 1, a feed pipe 102 is installed at the top end of the top shell 101, the feed pipe 102 extends to the inside of the evaporator 1 and is communicated with the distributor 104, a plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes 106 are installed in the jacket pipe 105, a heating pipe 103 is arranged on the outer side of the evaporator 1, the heating pipe 103 is communicated with the heat exchange pipes 106, and stock solution is conveniently evaporated and concentrated, so that crystallization is formed.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the heat extractor 2 is located below the evaporator 1, a steam discharge pipe 201 is provided on a side surface of the heat extractor 2, a heater 3 is fixedly connected to an outer wall of the steam discharge pipe 201, an air inlet 301 is provided on a top end of the heater 3, a flow guide pipe 302 is connected to a bottom end of the heater 3, a liquid collecting pipe 203 is eccentrically arranged is connected to a bottom end of the heat extractor 2, a return pipe 401 is connected to a side surface of the centrifugal separator 4, and the return pipe 401 is connected to a bottom end inside the centrifugal separator 4, so that evaporated solution can be recovered and discharged conveniently.
Referring to fig. 3 to 7, a sealing plate 402 and a base 403 are installed inside a centrifugal separator 4, a supporting cylinder 4031 is provided inside the sealing plate 402, a driving mechanism 4032 is installed inside the supporting cylinder 4031, the driving mechanism 4032 is divided into an upper motor and a lower motor, a turntable 8 is connected above the sealing plate 402, a plurality of groups of reinforcing beams 802 are installed on the inner wall of the turntable for improving the strength of the turntable 8, four groups of filter boxes 9 are installed inside the turntable 8, a negative pressure centrifugal pump 5 is installed below the sealing plate 402, the side of the centrifugal separator 4 is provided with a negative pressure centrifugal pump 5, the negative pressure centrifugal pump 5 is extended to the upper side of the turntable 8 through a pipeline to dry and recycle crystals inside the filter boxes 9, the crystals inside one group of filter boxes 9 can be dried through the negative pressure centrifugal pump 5, the output end of the upper motor is connected with the turntable 8, thereby the turntable 8 can be driven to rotate, the filter box 9 is moved to the lower parts of each group of crystal collecting pipes 701 and the jet heads 704, the output end of the lower motor is connected with a rotary fluted disc 12, the rotary fluted disc 12 is meshed with the outer wall of a driven shaft 1002, the outer side of the filter box 9 is connected with a limiting swivel 901, the filter box 9 is rotationally connected with a rotary table 8 through the limiting swivel 901, the rotary table 8 is positioned at the outer side of each group of filter boxes 9 and is connected with a fixed collar 801, the bottom end of the filter box 9 is provided with a connecting plate 902, the connecting plate 902 is an arc plate, the end part is round, the top end of the base 403 is connected with a plurality of groups of driving discs 10, each group of driving discs 10 comprises a limiting column 1001 and a driven shaft 1002, the limiting column 1001 is formed by four groups of cylinders, the spacing between the limiting columns 1001 is matched with the connecting plate 902, the driven shaft 1002 is positioned at the inner side of the base 403, the rotary fluted disc 12 drives a plurality of driven shafts 1002 to synchronously rotate when rotating, the filter box 9 can be conveniently driven to rotate, thereby spin-drying the filter box 9.
Referring to fig. 4 to 9, an adjusting cylinder 11 is mounted at the top end of a sealing plate 402, the output end of the adjusting cylinder 11 is in transmission connection with a connecting frame 7, the connecting frame 7 is T-shaped, a short rod of the connecting frame 7 is symmetrically connected with two groups of crystal collecting pipes 701, a first sleeve 702 is sleeved on the outer side of the crystal collecting pipes 701, a through hole 7011 is formed in the side surface of the top end of each crystal collecting pipe 701 and aligned with a pipeline in the first sleeve 702, an inclined opening 7012 and a scraper 7013 are formed in the bottom end of each crystal collecting pipe 701, the scraper 7013 is positioned at the inner side of the opening of the inclined opening 7012, when the connecting frame 7 moves to the lowest side, the through hole 7011 is communicated with the first sleeve 702, and the end of a long rod of the connecting frame 7 is connected with a second sleeve 703, the bottom of second sleeve 703 is connected with jet 704, the both sides of negative pressure centrifugal pump 5 are connected with jet pipe 501 and breathing pipe 502 respectively, and the length of breathing pipe 502 is greater than the length of jet pipe 501, the bottom of breathing pipe 502 is put through with collecting vat 6, jet pipe 501 and breathing pipe 502 all extend to centrifugal separator 4's inside, be connected with two sets of first sleeves 702 respectively, collecting vat 6 retrieves dry crystal, honeycomb duct 302 extends to centrifugal separator 4's inside, second sleeve 703 cup joints in honeycomb duct 302's outside, can conveniently dry and retrieve, and when grabbing the dish and rotate, drive link 7 upwards through adjusting cylinder 11, avoid equipment to cause the interference to carousel 8's rotation.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 3 again, the cambered surface guide plate 202 is installed at the bottom end of the heat exhauster 2, and the cambered surface guide plate 202 is connected with the liquid collecting pipe 203, so as to guide the concentrated stock solution, and the two groups of steam discharge pipes 201 are connected to the side surfaces of the heat exhauster 2, and discharge the steam through the steam discharge pipes 201.
In the use process, the stock solution is firstly injected into the evaporator 1 through the feed pipe 102, the solution enters the distributor 104 and is evenly split into the pipelines in the jacket pipe 105, then the heating air flow is injected into the evaporator 1 through the heating pipe 103, the pipelines in the jacket pipe 105 are heated by the air flow, the stock solution is heated, the heated solution passes through the jacket pipe 105 and enters the heat radiator 2, at the moment, the moisture in the stock solution volatilizes to form steam and is discharged through the steam discharge pipe 201, the concentrated stock solution falls on the cambered surface guide plate 202 and is injected into the centrifugal separator 4 through the liquid collecting pipe 203, at the moment, a group of filter boxes 9 are positioned below the liquid collecting pipe 203, the crystals in the concentrated stock solution are filtered through the filter boxes 9, the filtered stock solution flows downwards to enter the bottom end of the centrifugal separator 4, the filtered stock solution is refluxed through the reflux pipe 401, and the evaporation processing is performed again;
When a group of filter boxes 9 are internally filled with enough crystals, an upper motor of a driving mechanism 4032 is started, the upper motor drives a rotary table 8 to rotate, the rotary table 8 rotates, the filter boxes 9 with the crystals are moved below a crystal collecting pipe 701 connected with a jet pipe 501, then the rotary table 8 is stopped from rotating, the new filter boxes 9 are moved below a liquid collecting pipe 203, so that crystals in concentrated stock solution can be continuously filtered, the filtering effect is improved, when the crystals are filtered, at the moment, an adjusting cylinder 11 is firstly started, a connecting frame 7 is driven to move downwards, two groups of crystal collecting pipes 701 are driven to move downwards, the crystal collecting pipe 701 of the jet pipe 501 is attached to the inner wall of the filter boxes 9 with the crystals, at the moment, a lower motor of the driving mechanism 4032 is started, the lower motor drives a rotary fluted disc 12 to rotate, the rotary fluted disc 12 drives a plurality of groups of driving discs 10 to rotate, the four groups of driving discs 10 synchronously rotate through a limit column 1001 at the top end, the crystal collecting pipe 701 positioned below the jet pipe 501 is inserted into the filter boxes 9, the attached crystals are scraped off for the first time, and simultaneously, the negative pressure centrifugal suction is started, the negative pressure 5 is blown into the jet pipe 501, the air flow is blown into the filter boxes, the filter boxes is separated for the first time, the drying air flow is blown into the filter boxes is separated, and the drying air is blown into the filter boxes, and the filter boxes is separated into the drying air, and the drying air is convenient for drying the drying air, and the air is blown into the drying air, and the drying air is blown into the filter boxes by the drying air, and the drying air is convenient;
When the first scraping is finished, the adjusting cylinder 11 is started to move upwards to drive the connecting frame 7 to move upwards, the crystal collecting pipe 701 connected with the air jet pipe 501 is moved into the first scraping filter box 9 to be moved out, the lower motor is stopped to rotate, then the upper motor is started again to drive the rotary table 8 to rotate, the rotary table 8 drives the first scraping filter box 9 to move below the second sleeve 703 and then to stop, at the moment, the filter box 9 is clamped and connected with the other group of driving discs 10, the adjusting cylinder 11 drives the connecting frame 7 to move downwards, the connecting frame 7 drives the second sleeve 703 to move into the scraped filter box 9, at the moment, the heater 3 is started, external air is sucked in through the air inlet 301 and is sent into the second sleeve 703 through the guide pipe 302 at the bottom end, hot air is uniformly sprayed into the scraping filter box 9 through the air jet head 704, the crystals are heated, so that secondary drying is carried out, and dry crystals are formed, and meanwhile, the lower motor drives the driving discs 10 to rotate, so that the filter box 9 is also rotated, and crystals are uniformly heated and dried and centrifuged;
after heating, the adjusting cylinder 11 is continuously started to drive the second sleeve 703 to be drawn out from the dry filter box 9, then the lower motor is closed, the upper motor is started to drive the rotary table 8 to rotate, the dry filter box 9 is moved below the crystal collecting pipe 701 connected with the air suction pipe 502, the adjusting cylinder 11 is started to insert the crystal collecting pipe 701 connected with the air suction pipe 502 into the dry filter box 9, at the moment, the lower motor is started again to drive the driving disk 10 to rotate, the driving disk 10 drives the dry filter box 9 to rotate, at the moment, the negative pressure centrifugal pump 5 is started to pump the air suction pipe 502 to negative pressure, the crystal collecting pipe 701 connected with the air suction pipe 502 adsorbs the dry crystal and sucks the crystal into the air suction pipe 502, and when the connecting position of the air suction pipe 502 and the negative pressure centrifugal pump 5 is reached, the crystal is intercepted by a shielding structure (a filter screen and the like in the prior art and is not repeated), so that the crystal falls down under the action of gravity and enters the collecting tank 6, and the crystal is collected;
After the crystals are recovered, the crystal collecting pipe 701 is drawn out, the turntable 8 is driven by the upper motor to rotate, and the recovered filter box 9 is moved to the lower part of the liquid collecting pipe 203 for the second cycle of collection.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, the detailed description is to be construed as exemplary only and is not limiting of the invention as the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples, and modifications, substitutions, variations, etc. may be made in the embodiments as desired by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, provided that such modifications are within the scope of the appended claims.