Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a motor stator and a motor, which aim to cool windings in the motor and improve the cooling effect.
The motor stator comprises a stator core, a shell and at least one spraying assembly, wherein the stator core is axially penetrated with a containing hole, a stator winding is arranged on the wall of the containing hole and used for a motor rotor to penetrate through, a plurality of cooling channels which are circumferentially arranged at intervals along the containing hole and are penetrated are formed in the end face of the stator core, which is axially arranged, the shell is sleeved outside the stator core and is provided with a medium inlet communicated with the cooling channels, the spraying assembly is arranged at least one end of the stator core, which is axially arranged, and the spraying assembly is provided with a spraying part, and the spraying part is communicated with the cooling channels and is arranged towards the containing hole so as to spray cooling medium on the stator winding.
In one embodiment, the spraying assembly comprises a spraying ring, the spraying ring is arranged on the end face of the stator core along the axial direction, a spraying groove is formed in the inner wall face of the spraying ring, one end of the spraying groove along the axial direction of the stator core is correspondingly communicated with the corresponding cooling channel, and the spraying part comprises the spraying groove.
In one embodiment, the spray ring comprises a plurality of spray sheets and a flow guiding piece, wherein the spray sheets are overlapped along the axial direction of the stator core, a plurality of openings which are arranged in a penetrating manner in the axial direction and correspond to the cooling channels are formed in the inner side of each spray sheet, the flow guiding piece is arranged on one side, away from the stator core, of each spray sheet, and the flow guiding piece abuts against the spray sheets to jointly define a plurality of spray grooves with the openings.
In one embodiment, the width dimension of the spray slot is gradually increased in the direction of the edge of the stator core toward the center.
In one embodiment, each adjacent three cooling channels form a cooling group, two spraying assemblies are arranged, each spraying assembly further comprises an extending piece arranged between the spraying ring and the stator core, the two extending pieces are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator core along the axial direction of the stator core, each extending piece is provided with extending channels and communicating channels which extend along the axial direction and are arranged at intervals, one end of each communicating channel is blocked by the spraying ring, the other end of each communicating channel is communicated with two adjacent cooling channels in one cooling group, in the two adjacent cooling channels, the other end of one cooling channel is communicated with the communicating channel at the opposite side of the communicating channel, the other end of the other cooling channel is communicated with the extending channel at the opposite side of the communicating channel, one end of each extending channel is communicated with a spraying groove, the other end of each extending channel is communicated with the remaining cooling channels in the cooling group, and the other end of each remaining cooling channel is communicated with the communicating channel at the opposite side of the extending channels.
In one embodiment, each extension piece comprises a plurality of extension pieces, the plurality of extension pieces are stacked along the axial direction of the stator core, communication holes and extension holes are formed in each extension piece at intervals, the communication holes of the plurality of extension pieces form communication channels, the extension holes of the plurality of extension pieces form extension channels, and the communication holes of one extension piece are arranged corresponding to the extension holes of the other extension piece.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the housing is formed with a groove extending in the circumferential direction of the stator core, the housing and the stator core defining an inlet flow channel at the groove, the inlet flow channel communicating with the medium inlet and the cooling channel.
In one embodiment, the stator core comprises a plurality of first punching sheets and at least one second punching sheet, wherein the plurality of first punching sheets are stacked, a plurality of first cooling holes are formed in the end face of each first punching sheet along the axial direction of the first punching sheet, the second punching sheet is positioned between two adjacent first punching sheets, a plurality of second cooling holes are formed in the end face of each second punching sheet along the axial direction of the second punching sheet, the corresponding second cooling holes are communicated with the first cooling holes to form cooling channels, and a part of second cooling holes are provided with notches facing the outer sides of the second punching sheets so as to be communicated with the inflow channels and the cooling channels.
In one embodiment, the hole wall of the accommodating hole is provided with a plurality of winding grooves which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the accommodating hole, and the stator winding is wound in the winding grooves.
The invention also provides a motor which comprises the motor stator and the motor rotor, wherein the motor rotor penetrates through the accommodating hole and is positioned at the inner side of the stator winding.
According to the technical scheme, the cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channel through the medium inlet on the shell, the cooling medium absorbs heat on the stator core and indirectly absorbs heat on the stator winding positioned inside the stator core when flowing in the cooling channel, and the cooling medium takes away the heat on the stator winding when being sprayed through the spraying part so as to cool the winding inside the stator core, so that the cooling effect is improved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear are referred to in the embodiments of the present invention), the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, and the like between the components in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and/or" and/or "are used throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," a and/or B "including a scheme, or B scheme, or a scheme where a and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, the application range of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the new energy automobile field is wider and wider, with the development of technology, the dynamic performance requirement of the vehicle is higher and higher, and with the continuous increase of the power density and torque of the motor, the cooling mode of the motor is diversified. The oil pipe is additionally arranged in the motor by the oil injection pipe, so that the pipeline in the motor is more complex, the cost of the motor is increased, the oil injection pipe cannot penetrate into the motor, and the winding and the iron core in the motor cannot be cooled.
Based on this, the present invention proposes a motor stator 100. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a motor stator 100 includes a stator core 1, a housing 2 and at least one spray assembly 3, wherein the stator core 1 has a receiving hole 1A passing through along an axial direction thereof, a stator winding (not shown in the drawing) is disposed on a hole wall of the receiving hole 1A, the receiving hole 1A is used for a rotor of the motor to pass through, a plurality of cooling channels 1C arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the receiving hole 1A and passing through are provided on an end surface of the stator core 1 arranged along the axial direction, the housing 2 is sleeved outside the stator core 1, the housing 2 is provided with a medium inlet 21 communicating with the cooling channels 1C, the spray assembly 3 is provided at least one end of the stator core 1 arranged in the axial direction, and the spray assembly 3 has a spray part communicating with the cooling channels 1C and disposed towards the receiving hole 1A so as to spray a cooling medium onto the stator winding.
According to the technical scheme, the cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channel 1C through the medium inlet 21 on the shell 2, the cooling medium absorbs heat on the stator core 1 and indirectly absorbs heat on the stator winding positioned inside the stator core 1 when flowing in the cooling channel 1C, and the cooling medium takes away the heat on the stator winding when being sprayed through the spraying part so as to cool the winding inside the stator core 1, so that the cooling effect is improved.
Specifically, the shower assembly 3 may be provided in one or more. When only one spray assembly 3 is arranged, the spray assembly 3 is arranged at one end of the stator core 1 in the axial direction, and at the moment, in order to improve the length of the cooling channel 1C, a medium inlet 21 is arranged at a position of the outer shell 2 close to the other end, when two spray assemblies 3 are arranged, the two spray assemblies 3 can be arranged at two ends of the stator core 1 respectively, the medium inlet 21 is arranged at a position of the outer shell 2 close to the middle part of the stator core 1, and when more than two spray assemblies 3 are arranged, a plurality of spray parts can be arranged at two ends of the stator core 1 according to the motor structure and the heating condition.
Of course, the spraying portion may be provided with a plurality of options, and may be provided with a spray head or a spraying hole communicating with the cooling passage 1C, and may be provided so as to spray toward the accommodating hole 1A.
The cooling medium may be cooling oil, cooling solution or other fluid with high specific heat capacity.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in an embodiment of the invention, the spray assembly 3 includes a spray ring 31, the spray ring 31 is disposed on an end surface of the stator core 1 along an axial direction, a spray groove 31A is formed on an inner wall surface of the spray ring 31, one end of the spray groove 31A along the axial direction of the stator core 1 is correspondingly communicated with a corresponding cooling channel 1C, and the spray part includes the spray groove 31A. When the cooling medium enters the spray groove 31A along one end of the cooling passage 1C, and the spray groove 31A is provided on the inner wall surface of the spray ring 31, so that the notch of the spray ring 31 is provided toward the accommodation hole 1A, the cooling medium is ejected from the notch of the spray groove 31A under pressure, thereby being ejected on the stator winding.
One end of the spraying groove 31A is communicated with the cooling channel 1C, one end of the spraying groove is blocked, a notch of the spraying groove 31A forms an injection port for injecting cooling medium so as to spray the cooling medium, and the side surface of one end of the spraying groove 31A and the side surface of the cooling channel 1C form a medium channel with the injection port.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the spray ring 31 includes a plurality of spray fins 311 and a guiding member 312, the plurality of spray fins 311 are stacked along the axial direction of the stator core 1, a plurality of openings 3111 corresponding to the plurality of cooling channels 1C are formed on the inner side of each spray fin 311, the guiding member 312 is disposed on one side of the plurality of spray fins 311 away from the stator core 1, and the guiding member 312 abuts against the spray fins 311 to define a plurality of spray slots 31A together with the plurality of openings 3111. Through a plurality of spraying pieces 311 and water conservancy diversion piece 312 stack, form and spray the groove 31A in opening 3111 department, can control the size along the axial through the quantity control spraying groove 31A that the spraying piece 311 stacks to control the flow that sprays of coolant, and can control lamination quantity according to motor size demand through the setting of water conservancy diversion piece 312 and spraying piece 311, thereby change the size of spraying ring 31, in order to adapt to the size of various motors.
Further, the guide 312 is formed by stacking a plurality of guide sheets 3121, and is sealed at a position corresponding to the opening 3111, so as to define a spray groove 31A with the plurality of spray sheets 311.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the width dimension of the spray groove 31A is gradually increased in the direction of the center of the edge direction of the stator core 1. The spray groove 31A is sized such that the cross-sectional area of the cooling medium in the flow direction is gradually increased when sprayed, thereby increasing the spray area and improving the cooling effect.
Specifically, when the spray ring 31 is formed by stacking a plurality of spray sheets 311 and the flow guide 312, the shape of the opening 3111 on the spray sheet 311 is triangular, trapezoidal, or other shapes with width dimensions gradually increasing in the direction in which the edge of the spray sheet 311 points to the center.
In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5 and 9, each of three adjacent cooling channels 1C forms a cooling group, two spraying assemblies 3 are provided, each spraying assembly 3 further includes an extension member 32 disposed between the spraying ring 31 and the stator core 1, the two extension members 32 are respectively disposed at two ends of the stator core 1 along the axial direction thereof, each extension member 32 is formed with an extension channel 33B and a communication channel 33A disposed at intervals along the axial direction, one end of the communication channel 33A is blocked by the spraying ring 31, the other end of the communication channel 33A is communicated with two adjacent cooling channels 1C in one cooling group, in the two adjacent cooling channels 1C, the other end of one cooling channel 1C is communicated with the communication channel 33A opposite to the communication channel 33A, the other end of the other cooling channel 1C is communicated with the spraying groove 31A, the other end of the extension channel 33B is communicated with the remaining cooling channels 1C in the cooling group, and the other end of the remaining cooling channels 1C is communicated with the communication channel 33A opposite to the extension channel 33B. The communication channel 33A communicates with two adjacent cooling channels 1C, and when the cooling medium enters one cooling channel 1C, the cooling medium flows to the other adjacent cooling channel 1C through the communication channel 33A, and then flows back along the opposite direction, the other end of the cooling channel 1C flows back to be sprayed out from the spraying groove 31A, so that the residence time of the cooling medium in the cooling channel 1C is increased, and the cooling effect is enhanced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, each extension piece 32 includes a plurality of extension pieces 321, the plurality of extension pieces 321 are stacked along the axial direction of the stator core 1, each extension piece 321 is provided with a communication hole 3211 and an extension hole 3212 which are arranged at intervals, the communication holes 3211 of the plurality of extension pieces 321 form a communication channel 33A, the extension holes 3212 of the plurality of extension pieces 321 form an extension channel 33B, and the communication hole 3211 of one extension piece 32 is arranged corresponding to the extension hole 3212 of the other extension piece 32. The extension piece 32 is formed by stacking the plurality of extension pieces 321, so that the thickness of the extension piece 32 is convenient to adjust to the size requirements of different motors.
Further, to reduce the weight, the extension piece 321 is provided in a ring-shaped sheet structure.
Specifically, at one end of the stator core 1, a plurality of extension pieces 321, a plurality of spray pieces 311, and a plurality of guide pieces 3121 are stacked in order along a direction away from the stator core 1, so as to form an extension piece 32, a spray piece, and a guide piece 312 that are sequentially provided. Wherein, adjacent communication holes 3211 and extension holes 3212 formed in the extension piece 321 are a hole group, and a hole group is disposed corresponding to a cooling group for backflow of the cooling medium.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, in an embodiment of the invention, the stator core 1 includes a plurality of first laminations 11 and at least one second lamination 12, the plurality of first laminations 11 are stacked, a plurality of first cooling holes 111 are formed on an axial end surface of each first lamination 11, the second lamination 12 is located between two adjacent first laminations 11, a plurality of second cooling holes 121 are formed on an axial end surface of each second lamination 12, the corresponding second cooling holes 121 are communicated with the first cooling holes 111 to form a cooling channel 1C, and a portion of the second cooling holes 121 are provided with notches 1211 facing the outer side of the second lamination 12 to communicate the inlet channel 2A with the cooling channel 1C. The second punching sheet 12 is provided with a notch 1211 for communicating the inflow channel 2A with the cooling channel 1C, and the number of the second punching sheets 12 can be adjusted according to the installation requirement while ensuring the strength of the stator core 1, so that the flow rate of the cooling medium at the inlet of the cooling channel 1C is changed.
Correspondingly, in order to realize the correspondence during the installation, the circumference sides of each extending sheet 321, the spraying sheet 311, the guide sheet 3121, the first punching sheet 11 and the second punching sheet 12 are also provided with marking grooves 4, so that the marking grooves 4 can be aligned rapidly during the installation, and the communication of the channels is realized.
Referring to fig. 1 and 9, in an embodiment of the invention, a groove 22 extending along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 is formed on the inner wall of the housing 2, and the housing 2 and the stator core 1 define an inlet channel 2A at the groove 22, wherein the inlet channel 2A is in communication with the medium inlet 21 and the cooling channel 1C. The groove 22 is directly arranged on the shell 2 to form the inflow channel 2A with the stator core 1, so that other pipelines are not required to be introduced, the space is saved, and the cost is reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of winding slots 1B are formed on the wall of the accommodating hole 1A at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the stator winding is wound in the winding slots 1B. The winding groove 1B is used for winding the stator winding, increasing the contact area of the stator winding and the stator core 1, improving the heat exchange speed of the stator winding and the stator core 1, reducing the distance between the stator winding and the cooling channel 1C, increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the stator winding and the cooling channel 1C, and improving the cooling effect.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to represent the fitting relationship between sheet structures such as the first sheet 11 and the second sheet 12 among the components of the motor stator 100, the structure of each component of the motor stator 100 will be described in order.
First, describing the stator core 1, the stator core 1 includes a first segment core, a second segment core and a third segment core stacked in sequence, where the first segment core and the third segment core are each formed by stacking first punched pieces 11, the second segment core is formed by stacking second punched pieces 12, where a first through hole 112 is penetrated at a center position of an end face of the first punched piece 11, a second through hole 122 is penetrated at a center position of an end face of the second punched piece 12, a plurality of first through holes 112 and second through holes 122 are communicated to form a receiving hole 1A, n first winding holes 113 penetrating along the first punched piece 11 and circumferentially arranged along the first punched piece 11 are formed at an end face of the first punched piece 11, the first winding holes 113 are communicated with the first through holes 112, n second winding holes 123 penetrating along the second punched piece 12 and circumferentially Xiang Paibu are formed at an end face of the second punched piece 12, the second winding holes 123 are communicated with the second through holes 122 (n is an integer, its value is determined according to motor strength, cooling requirements and other relevant conditions), and the first winding holes 113 are formed corresponding to the second winding holes 1B.
Further, in order to fix the motor stator 100 on the housing 2, n first cooling holes 111 are formed on the end surface of the first punching sheet 11 to form a part of cooling channels 1C which are equal in number and in one-to-one correspondence with the winding grooves 1B, n/6 (n/6 is an integer) stator welding grooves 5, 2 marking grooves 4 are formed on the outer side edge of the first punching sheet 11, simultaneously, the radii of the notches of the 2 marking grooves 4 are different for distinguishing the 2 marking grooves 4, the radii of the notches of the 2 marking grooves 4 are respectively R1, R2, and the angle at which the central angle is formed by the 2 marking grooves 4 is set to be alpha,So that the 2 marking grooves 4 are arranged at asymmetric positions for easy installation.
Correspondingly, the second punching sheet 12 is provided with n second cooling holes 121, among the n second cooling holes 121, every two second cooling holes 121 are provided with notches 1211, thereby forming 2n/3 second cooling holes 121 without notches 1211 and n/3 second cooling holes 121 with notches 1211, and meanwhile, the outer side edge of the second punching sheet 12 is provided with n/6 corresponding stator welding grooves 5.
When the stator core is installed, the first punching sheets 11 are stacked to form a first section iron core and a third section iron core, the second punching sheets 12 are stacked to form a second section iron core, the first section iron core and the second section iron core are aligned with welding grooves of the third section iron core, the mark grooves 4 with the size of the first section iron core being R1 and the mark grooves 4 with the size of the third section iron core being R2 are aligned, the mark grooves 4 with the size of the first section iron core being R2 and the mark grooves 4 with the size of the third section iron core being R1 are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis of the stator core 1, thickness differences of the first punching sheets 11 and the second punching sheets 12 in different directions can be eliminated, the geometric precision of the stator core 1 is improved, the positions of the mark grooves 4 and the stator welding grooves 5 are arranged, the first punching sheets 11 and the second punching sheets 12 can form n cooling channels 1C, n winding grooves 1B after being installed, and n cooling channels 1C are provided with n/3 notches 1211.
Next, the shower module 3 will be described, in which a plurality of extending pieces 321, a plurality of shower pieces 311, and a plurality of guide pieces 3121 are stacked in this order in a direction away from the stator core 1.
The extending piece 321 is provided with n/3 communicating holes 3211 and n/3 extending holes 3212 along the circumferential direction, the communicating holes 3211 and the extending holes 3212 are alternately arranged, the extending holes 3212 are larger in size so as to be communicated with two adjacent cooling channels 1C, and the outer side edge of the extending piece 321 is provided with a marking groove 4 with a radius R1 and n/6 stator welding grooves 5.
The spraying sheet 311 is provided with n/3 trapezoid openings 3111 corresponding to the extending holes 3212, and the outer side edge of the spraying sheet 311 is provided with 1 marking groove 4 with radius R1 and n/6 stator welding grooves 5.
The deflector 3121 has 1 marking slot 4 with radius R1 and n/6 stator welding slots 5 on its outer edge.
In the installation process, n/6 stator welding grooves 5 on the extension piece 321, the spray piece 311 and the guide piece 3121 are in one-to-one correspondence, the marking groove 4 with the radius of R1 is corresponding, the positions of the marking groove 4 and the stator welding groove 5 are set so that the extension piece 321, the spray piece 311 and the guide piece 3121 can form n/3 communication channels 33A, n/3 extension channels 33B, n/3 spray grooves 31A after installation, n/3 communication channels 33A are partially blocked by non-openings 3111 on the spray piece 311, and n/3 extension channels 33B are partially communicated with the openings 3111 on the spray piece 311, namely are communicated with the spray grooves 31A.
Next, a description will be given of a welding process of the stator core 1 and the shower assembly 3, in which the symbol groove 4 having the radius R1 in one shower assembly 3 is welded to the symbol groove 4 having the size R2 in the first iron core, and the symbol groove 4 having the radius R1 in the other shower assembly 3 is welded to the symbol groove 4 having the size R1 in the third iron core, and the symbol grooves 4 are provided at positions such that the communication holes 3211 at both ends are offset by 360/n.
Finally, description will be made of the mounting process of the stator core 1 and the housing 2, and the inner wall of the housing 2 is extended with the groove 22 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 to form the inflow channel 2A, and the inflow channel 2A communicates with the notch 1211.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, two cooling medium flows are provided, for convenience of explanation, the two ends of the stator core 1 along the axial direction are taken as the left end and the right end, and three cooling channels 1C in each cooling group are sequentially numbered as a first cooling channel, a second cooling channel and a third cooling channel.
The first flow direction of the cooling medium is that a medium inlet 21, an inflow channel 2A, n/3 notches 1211, n/3 second cooling channels, a left end n/3 communication channels 33A, n/3 first cooling channels, a right end n/3 extension channels 33B and n/3 spray grooves 31A at the right end of the stator core 1;
the second flow direction is that the medium inlet 21- & gt the inflow channel 2A- & gt n/3 notches 1211- & gt n/3 second cooling channels- & gt the right-end n/3 communication channels 33A- & gt n/3 third cooling channels- & gt the left-end n/3 extension channels 33B- & gt the left-end n/3 spray grooves 31A of the stator core 1.
The invention also provides a motor, which comprises the motor stator 100 and the motor rotor, wherein the specific structure of the motor stator refers to the embodiment, and the motor adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, so that the motor has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the description is omitted herein. Wherein, the motor rotor is arranged in the accommodating hole 1A in a penetrating way and is positioned at the inner side of the stator winding.
The foregoing description is only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.