Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a directional steering device and a drilling tool for continuous tube drilling, and aims to solve the problem of complicated continuous tube orientation in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the directional steering device for continuous pipe drilling comprises a drill rod, an upper motor rotor, an upper flexible shaft and a flow passage switching mechanism, wherein the drill rod is vertically arranged, and the upper end and the lower end of the drill rod are both open; the upper end motor rotor is vertically arranged in the drill rod in a rotating way, the inside of the upper end motor rotor is hollow, the upper end of the upper end motor rotor is open, and the lower end of the upper end motor rotor is closed, and a drilling fluid hole penetrating inside and outside is arranged on the side wall of the upper end motor rotor;
The runner switch mechanism is arranged in the drill rod and is positioned above the upper end motor rotor and used for sealing or opening the upper end opening of the upper end motor rotor.
The invention has the advantages that in the operation process, when the angle of the tool face of the drill bit is required to be changed, the flow passage switch mechanism seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor, drilling fluid in the drill rod flows in the area between the drill rod and the upper motor rotor, and at the moment, the pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor, and the pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face of the drill bit;
When normal drilling operation is carried out, the runner switch mechanism is opened at the upper opening of the upper motor rotor, one part of drilling fluid in the drill rod flows in the area between the drill rod and the upper motor rotor, the other part of drilling fluid enters the upper motor rotor and is discharged from the drilling fluid hole on the side wall of the upper motor rotor, and at the moment, no pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor, so that the upper motor rotor does not rotate, and drilling operation can be carried out at the moment.
The invention has simple structure and reasonable design, can monitor and adjust the angle of the tool face where the drilling tool assembly is positioned in real time underground, reduces the modified drilling lifting times in the continuous pipe drilling process, and improves the drilling efficiency.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the runner switch mechanism comprises a driving piece, a sliding rail and a locking column, wherein the sliding rail is vertically and fixedly arranged in the drill rod, the inside of the sliding rail is hollow, two ends of the sliding rail are open, the sliding rail is positioned above the upper end motor rotor, the lower end of the sliding rail is fixedly connected and communicated with the upper end of the upper end motor rotor, and at least one runner branch hole is formed in the sliding rail;
The locking column is vertically arranged in the sliding rail and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the sliding rail, the locking column is of a structure with a thick lower end and a thin upper end, the driving piece is arranged in the sliding rail and is positioned above the locking column and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the locking column to drive the locking column to rotate, and the locking column moves up and down in the sliding rail by means of threaded connection between the locking column and the sliding rail to seal or open the runner branch hole.
The further scheme has the advantages that in the operation process, when the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located is required to be changed, the driving piece is closed, the thick end of the locking column seals the upper end opening of the upper end motor rotor, drilling fluid in the drill rod flows in the area between the drill rod and the upper end motor rotor, at the moment, pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper end motor rotor, and the pressure difference drives the upper end motor rotor to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located;
When normal drilling operation is carried out, the driving piece is started and drives the locking column to rotate, the locking column moves up and down in the sliding rail by utilizing the threaded connection between the locking column and the sliding rail, so that the thick end of the locking column opens a runner branch hole, at the moment, part of drilling fluid in the drill rod flows in a region between the drill rod and the upper motor rotor, and the other part of drilling fluid enters the upper motor rotor, at the moment, no pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor, and therefore, the upper motor rotor does not rotate, and at the moment, drilling operation can be carried out;
in addition, the locking column is reasonable in structural design and can be effectively matched with the sliding rail, so that the opening or closing of the branch holes of the flow passage is realized, the path of drilling fluid is conveniently switched, and the adjustment of the working face of the drill bit is realized.
Further, the sliding rail is of a structure with a thick upper end and a thin lower end, the driving piece is located in the thick end of the sliding rail, the locking column is located in the thin end of the sliding rail, and the runner branch hole is located in the thin end of the sliding rail.
The sliding rail has the beneficial effects that the sliding rail is reasonable in structural design, the driving piece and the locking column are convenient to install, and the driving piece and the locking column are not mutually influenced.
Further, the driving piece comprises a turbine motor, and at least one water draining hole penetrating through the inside and the outside is formed in the end face of the thick end of the sliding rail.
The drilling fluid in the drill rod drives the turbine motor to rotate to realize corresponding operation, and in addition, the drilling fluid in the slide rail can be discharged through the drain hole, so that the turbine motor can be ensured to normally operate.
Furthermore, a large gear ring is arranged in the drill rod, the large gear ring is positioned outside the upper motor rotor and is rotationally connected with the drill rod through a bearing, a rotor gear is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the upper motor rotor, the rotor gear is positioned in the large gear ring and is meshed with the large gear ring, and a gap for mud to pass through is formed between the rotor gear and the large gear ring.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects of simple structure and reasonable design, and realizes the directional rotation of the upper motor rotor by utilizing the meshing force between the bull gear and the rotor gear.
Further, a real-time angle measurement mechanism is further installed in the drill rod, the real-time angle measurement mechanism comprises a magnet group and a measurement element, the magnet group is fixedly installed on the large gear ring, the measurement element is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill rod and used for measuring the rotation angle of a magnetic field formed by the magnet group and sending a corresponding rotation angle signal to a ground controller.
The technical scheme has the advantages that in the working face adjustment process of the drill bit, the measuring element is used for measuring the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet group (namely the rotation angle of the large gear ring), the corresponding rotation angle signal is sent to the ground controller, the angle variable of the tool face where the drilling tool assembly is located is calculated according to the transmission ratio of the gear pair, real-time measurement is achieved, and measurement is convenient.
Further, a corner locking mechanism is further installed in the drill rod and used for locking or unlocking the upper motor rotor.
The drilling machine has the beneficial effects that the drilling machine is simple in structure and reasonable in design, the upper motor rotor is locked or released through the corner locking mechanism, positioning is convenient, the working face of the drill bit is ensured to be kept at a set angle, and accordingly drilling quality is ensured.
Further, the corner locking mechanism comprises an upper end ratchet wheel and a lower end ratchet wheel, the lower end ratchet wheel is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the upper end flexible shaft, the upper end ratchet wheel is sleeved outside the upper end motor rotor and is positioned between the large gear ring and the lower end ratchet wheel and connected with the locking column through a connecting piece, one end of the large gear ring, which is close to the upper end ratchet wheel, is in a tooth-shaped structure, and the upper end ratchet wheel can move along with the locking column to be meshed with one end face of the large gear ring or the lower end ratchet wheel.
The locking column has the advantages that in the sliding process of the locking column in the sliding rail, the upper end ratchet wheel is meshed with the end face of one end of the large gear ring or the lower end ratchet wheel, so that the locking column is positioned at the set position, and the locking column is convenient to position, simple in structure and reasonable in design.
The connecting piece comprises a framework, two eccentric rings are coaxially and fixedly connected to two ends of the framework respectively, the two eccentric rings are sleeved outside the sliding rail and the upper motor rotor respectively and are in sliding connection, a clamping block is arranged at the upper end of the framework, a positioning groove is formed in the locking column, the clamping block penetrates through the runner branch hole to extend into the sliding rail and is clamped with the positioning groove, and a ratchet wheel at the upper end is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the framework.
The upper end ratchet wheel and the locking column can be connected in a transmission way by utilizing the locating grooves on the clamping block and the locking column, the connection is convenient, and all components are not influenced by each other.
The invention also relates to a drilling tool, which comprises a lower motor rotor, a lower flexible shaft, a drill bit and the directional steering device for continuous tube drilling, wherein the lower motor rotor is vertically and rotatably arranged in the drill rod and positioned below the upper flexible shaft, the lower flexible shaft is vertically arranged in the drill rod and positioned below the lower motor rotor, the upper end of the lower flexible shaft is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower motor rotor, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the lower flexible shaft.
The further scheme has the advantages that in the operation process, when the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located is required to be changed, the driving piece is closed, the thick end of the locking column seals the upper end opening of the upper end motor rotor, drilling fluid in the drill rod flows in the area between the drill rod and the upper end motor rotor, at the moment, pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper end motor rotor, and the pressure difference drives the upper end motor rotor to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located;
when normal drilling operation is carried out, the driving piece starts and drives the locking column to rotate at the moment, the locking column moves up and down in the sliding rail by utilizing threaded connection between the locking column and the sliding rail so as to enable a thick end runner branch hole of the locking column, at the moment, part of drilling fluid in the drill rod flows in a region between the drill rod and the upper end motor rotor, and the other part of drilling fluid enters the upper end motor rotor, at the moment, no pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper end motor rotor, so that the upper end motor rotor does not rotate, and at the moment, drilling operation can be carried out.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the embodiment provides a directional steering gear for coiled tubing drilling, which comprises a drill rod 1, an upper motor rotor 2, an upper flexible shaft 3 and a runner switch mechanism, wherein the drill rod 1 is vertically arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the drill rod are both open, the upper motor rotor 2 is vertically and rotatably arranged in the drill rod 1, the interior of the drill rod is hollow, the upper end of the drill rod is open, the lower end of the drill rod is closed, a drilling fluid hole 4 penetrating through the inside and the outside is arranged on the side wall of the upper motor rotor 2, the upper flexible shaft 3 is vertically arranged in the drill rod 1 and is positioned below the upper motor rotor 2, and the upper end of the upper flexible shaft 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the upper motor rotor 2;
The runner switch mechanism is arranged in the drill rod 1 and is positioned above the upper motor rotor 2 and used for sealing or opening an upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2.
In the operation process, when normal drilling operation is performed, at the moment, the flow passage switch mechanism is opened at the upper end opening of the upper end motor rotor 2, one part of drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod and the upper end motor rotor 2, the other part of drilling fluid enters the interior of the upper end motor rotor 2 and is discharged from the drilling fluid hole 4 on the side wall of the upper end motor rotor 2, and at the moment, no pressure difference exists between the interior and the exterior of the upper end motor rotor 2, so that the upper end motor rotor 2 does not rotate, and the drilling operation can be performed at the moment;
The design of the drilling fluid hole 4 ensures that the drilling fluid entering the upper motor rotor 2 can be smoothly discharged, and ensures the effective adjustment of the tool surface of the drill bit.
When the angle of the tool face of the drill bit needs to be changed, the runner switch mechanism seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2, drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, and at the moment, a pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor 2, and the pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face of the drill bit.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the drill rod 1 is a circular pipe body.
It should be noted that the connection between the upper motor rotor 2 and the drill rod 1 is a conventional method.
The embodiment has simple structure and reasonable design, can monitor and adjust the angle of the tool face of the drilling tool assembly in real time underground, reduces the modified drilling times in the continuous pipe drilling process, and improves the drilling efficiency.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the runner switch mechanism includes a driving member, a sliding rail 5 and a locking column 6, the sliding rail 5 is vertically and fixedly installed in the drill pipe 1, the interior of the sliding rail is hollow, both ends of the sliding rail are open, the sliding rail 5 is located above the upper end motor rotor 2, the lower end of the sliding rail is fixedly connected and communicated with the upper end of the upper end motor rotor 2, and at least one runner branch hole 7 is formed in the sliding rail;
The locking column 6 is vertically arranged in the sliding rail 5 and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the sliding rail 5, the locking column is in a structure with a thick lower end and a thin upper end, the driving piece is arranged in the sliding rail 5 and is positioned above the locking column 6 and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the locking column 6 for driving the locking column 6 to rotate, and the locking column 6 moves up and down in the sliding rail 5 by means of threaded connection between the locking column and the sliding rail 5 so as to seal or open the runner branch hole 7.
In the operation process, when normal drilling operation is carried out, the driving piece is started and drives the locking column 6 to rotate, the locking column 6 is connected with the sliding rail 5 by utilizing threads to realize up-and-down movement in the sliding rail 5, so that the thick end of the locking column 6 is opened with the runner branch hole 7, at the moment, part of drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, and the other part of drilling fluid enters the upper motor rotor 2, at the moment, no pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor 2, and therefore, the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate, and at the moment, drilling operation can be carried out;
When the angle of the tool face of the drill bit needs to be changed, the driving piece is closed, the thick end of the locking column 6 seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2, drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, and at the moment, the pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor 2, and the pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face of the drill bit;
In addition, the locking column 6 has reasonable structural design and can be effectively matched with the sliding rail 5, so that the opening or closing of the runner branch holes 7 is realized, the path of drilling fluid is switched, and the adjustment of the working face of the drill bit is realized.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the slide rail 5 is preferably a cylindrical structure.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the drilling fluid holes 4 may be one or a plurality, and when the number of the drilling fluid holes 4 is a plurality, they are uniformly distributed at intervals at the lower end of the sliding rail 5 along the circumferential direction of the sliding rail 5.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the locking post 6 is preferably cylindrical in configuration.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the flow path branching holes 7 is preferably plural, and the plural flow path branching holes 7 are uniformly spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the slide rail 5.
Further, the plurality of flow path branching holes 7 are preferably elongated hole bodies, respectively, which extend in the axial direction of the slide rail 5, respectively.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the sliding rail 5 has a structure with a thick upper end and a thin lower end, the driving member is located in the thick end of the sliding rail 5, the locking post 6 is located in the thin end of the sliding rail 5, and the runner branch hole 7 is located in the thin end of the sliding rail 5.
The sliding rail is reasonable in structural design, is convenient for installing the driving piece and the locking column 6, and does not affect each other.
Alternatively, the slide rail 5 may have a uniform diameter.
Example 4
On the basis of embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the driving member includes a turbine motor 8, and at least one drain hole 9 penetrating inside and outside is provided on the end surface of the thick end of the sliding rail 5.
In addition, the drilling fluid in the slide rail 5 can be discharged through the drain hole 9, so that the turbine motor 8 can be ensured to work normally.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the drain holes 9 is preferably plural, and the plurality of drain holes 9 are uniformly spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the slide rail 5.
Example 5
On the basis of any one of the embodiments 2 to 4, in this embodiment, a bull gear 10 is installed in the drill rod 1, the bull gear 10 is located outside the upper end motor rotor 2 and is rotationally connected with the drill rod 1 through a bearing 11, a rotor gear 12 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the upper end motor rotor 2, the rotor gear 12 is located in the bull gear 10 and is meshed with the bull gear 10, and a gap 13 for mud to pass through is provided between the rotor gear 12 and the bull gear 10.
The scheme has simple structure and reasonable design, and realizes the directional rotation of the upper motor rotor 2 by utilizing the meshing force between the bull gear 10 and the rotor gear 12.
Example 6
On the basis of embodiment 5, in this embodiment, a real-time angle measuring mechanism is further installed in the drill rod 1, where the real-time angle measuring mechanism includes a magnet set and a measuring element, the magnet set is fixedly installed on the large gear ring 10, and the measuring element is fixedly installed on an inner wall of the drill rod 1, and is used to measure a rotation angle of a magnetic field formed by the magnet set, and send a corresponding rotation angle signal to a ground controller.
In the working face adjustment process of the drill bit, the measuring element is used for measuring the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet group, namely the rotation angle of the drill bit, and sending a corresponding rotation angle signal to the ground controller, so that real-time measurement is realized, and the measurement is convenient.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the magnet group preferably includes a plurality of magnets 22, and a plurality of insertion grooves are uniformly formed on the outer side of the ring gear 10 along the circumferential direction thereof, and the plurality of magnets 22 are respectively inserted into the plurality of insertion grooves, so that space is saved.
In addition, the measuring element includes a plurality of hall rings 23, and the hall rings 23 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill rod 1 at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction of the drill rod 1, and are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the magnets. During operation, the hall rings 23 measure the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet group, namely the rotation angle of the drill bit, and send corresponding rotation angle signals to the ground controller through a circuit, so that real-time measurement is realized, and the measurement is convenient.
The hall rings 23 are connected to a ground controller via wires.
Example 7
In this embodiment, a corner locking mechanism is further installed in the drill rod 1, and the corner locking mechanism is used for locking or unlocking the upper end motor rotor 2.
This scheme simple structure, reasonable in design locks or loosens upper end motor rotor 2 through corner locking mechanism, and the location is convenient, guarantees that the drill bit working face keeps at the settlement angle to guarantee the quality of well drilling.
Example 8
Based on embodiment 7, in this embodiment, the corner locking mechanism includes an upper end ratchet 14 and a lower end ratchet 15, the lower end ratchet 15 is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the upper end flexible shaft 3, the upper end ratchet 14 is sleeved outside the upper end motor rotor 2 and is located between the bull gear 10 and the lower end ratchet 15, and is connected with the locking post 6 through a connecting piece, one end of the bull gear 10 close to the upper end ratchet 14 is in a tooth structure, and the upper end ratchet 14 can move along with the locking post 6 to engage with one end face of the bull gear 10 or the lower end ratchet 15.
In the sliding process of the locking column 6 in the sliding rail, the upper end ratchet wheel 14 is meshed with the end face of one end of the bull gear 10 or the lower end ratchet wheel 15, so that the locking column 6 is positioned at a set position, and the locking column is convenient to position, simple in structure and reasonable in design.
Example 9
On the basis of embodiment 8, in this embodiment, the connecting piece includes a skeleton 16, two ends of the skeleton 16 are respectively and fixedly connected with two eccentric rings 21 coaxially, the two eccentric rings 21 are respectively sleeved outside the slide rail 5 and the upper end motor rotor 2 and are in sliding connection, a clamping block 17 is arranged at the upper end of the skeleton 16, a positioning groove 18 is arranged on the locking column 6, the clamping block 17 extends into the slide rail 5 through the runner branch hole 7 and is clamped with the positioning groove 18, and the upper end ratchet 14 is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the skeleton 16.
The scheme has the advantages of simple structure and reasonable design, the upper motor rotor 2 and the drill rod 1 are eccentrically arranged by utilizing the two eccentric rings 21 on the framework 16, the angle of the tool face where a drill bit is positioned is convenient to adjust, in addition, the upper ratchet 14 and the locking column 6 can be in transmission connection by utilizing the clamping block 17 and the positioning groove 18 on the locking column, the connection is convenient, and all parts are not affected by each other.
It should be noted that the frame 16 is located outside the sliding rail 5, not inside the sliding rail 5, and only the relative position of the frame 16 is shown in the drawings.
Example 10
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment further provides a drilling tool, which includes a lower motor rotor 19, a lower flexible shaft 20, a drill bit and the directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling as described above, wherein the lower motor rotor 19 is vertically rotatably installed in the drill pipe 1 and is located below the upper flexible shaft 3, the lower flexible shaft 20 is vertically installed in the drill pipe 1 and is located below the lower motor rotor 19, the upper end of the lower flexible shaft 20 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower motor rotor 19, and the drill bit is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lower flexible shaft 20.
In the operation process, when normal drilling operation is performed, at this moment, the driving piece starts and drives the locking column 6 to rotate, the locking column 6 is connected with the sliding rail 5 by utilizing the thread, so that the locking column 6 moves up and down in the sliding rail 5, the thick end of the locking column 6 opens a runner branch hole, at this moment, part of drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, and the other part of drilling fluid enters the upper motor rotor 2, at this moment, no pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor 2, so that the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate, at this moment, the lower motor rotor 19 and the lower flexible shaft 20 rotate and drive a drill bit to rotate, so as to perform the drilling operation;
When the angle of the tool face of the drill bit needs to be changed, at the moment, the driving piece is closed, the thick end of the locking column 6 seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2, drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, at the moment, the pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor 2, and the pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face of the drill bit, and after the adjustment is completed, the drilling operation is continued.
Based on the above scheme, the drill rod 1 is formed by splicing a long drill rod above and a bent drill rod below, the upper end motor rotor 2 and the upper end flexible shaft 3 are positioned in the long drill rod, the lower end motor rotor 19 is positioned in the lower end of the long drill rod, the upper end of the lower end flexible shaft 20 extends into the lower end of the long drill rod, and the lower end of the lower end flexible shaft is bent synchronously with the bent drill rod.
The lower motor rotor 19 is of a solid structure.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when normal drilling operation is performed, the driving piece starts and drives the locking column 6 to rotate, the locking column 6 is connected with the sliding rail 5 by threads to move up and down in the sliding rail 5, so that the thick end of the locking column 6 opens a runner branch hole, drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 enters the interior of the upper motor rotor 2, no pressure difference exists between the interior and the exterior of the upper motor rotor 2, the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate, and the lower motor rotor 19 and the lower flexible shaft 20 rotate and drive the drill bit to rotate, so that drilling operation is performed (see a route A in fig. 2);
When the angle of the tool face of the drill bit needs to be changed, at this time, the driving member is closed, the thick end of the locking column 6 seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2, the drilling fluid in the drill rod 1 flows in the area between the drill rod 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, at this time, a pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the upper motor rotor 2, and the pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the tool face of the drill bit, and after the adjustment is completed, the drilling operation is continued (see the route B in fig. 2).
In addition, the drill bit can rotate unidirectionally and limitlessly, so that the continuous pipe can realize compound drilling besides adjusting the gesture in the drilling process.
The arrows in the drawings merely indicate the flow paths (path a and path B) of the drilling fluid, and do not have any other substantial meaning.
The steering gear connecting position provided by the invention is positioned at the lower end of the screw drilling tool, and one function is to drive the lower screw drilling tool assembly to integrally rotate. When stable drilling is required, the shell of the connected screw drilling tool needs to be locked at a fixed angle, and in order to overcome the reactive torque of the screw drilling tool at the lower end, the locking mechanism needs to have certain torsion resistance, so that the stability of the locked tool face is ensured. Because the internal rotor can not rotate after the steering gear is locked, and slurry must circulate, a hollow liquid circulation channel after locking is also needed, and the phenomenon that the rotor cannot stop due to overlarge pressure drop is avoided.
The steering gear has the other function of driving the screw drilling tool connected with the lower end to integrally rotate, so that an unlocking mechanism and a runner switching mechanism are needed to ensure that slurry flows through a rotor and a stator of the steering gear to work normally. When the angle of the tool face of the drilling tool assembly is required to be changed, the motor drives the locking column to rotate until the locking column completely closes the runner of the motor rotor, at this time, slurry can only flow between the meshing faces of the stator and the rotor, and after the pressure drop exceeds a critical value, the rotor can rotate due to the fact that the ratchet wheel at the upper end of the rotor is in a non-meshing state, and torque of the motor is transmitted to the drilling tool assembly through the flexible shaft. As shown in FIG. 5, the conversion mechanism is embedded on the locking post, and the mechanism can enable the Y-shaped transmission arm to pass through a gap between the inner gear and the outer gear without interfering with other structures. When the angle of the tool face where the drilling tool assembly is located reaches an expected value, the motor is controlled to rotate reversely in time, the locking column moves upwards, the hollow runner of the motor rotor is opened, and meanwhile, the locking column is synchronously operated with the upper ratchet wheel to restore to be meshed, so that the locking of the tool face is completed.
The whole system is controlled by ground equipment through cables, and for the screw steering gear, the required cables are three parts (one part for transmitting motor control signals and two parts for rotating angle measuring elements) of a wire of an angle measuring element and a wire of a remote control motor, and are fixed on the inner surface of a drill rod, do not rotate along with a drilling tool assembly, the attitude information of a downhole tool is transmitted to the ground in real time, and a runner opening (namely, upper end ratchet meshing) instruction is input to the steering gear by the ground when the angle tends to a target value, so that the action of adjusting the tool surface once is completed, and the drilling tool is simple, quick and unnecessary to carry out.
The directional steering gear provided by the invention can avoid the defect that the tool surface can be adjusted only by repeatedly lifting the drill rod during working, and the drill rod can complete tool surface control in the pit, so that the drilling direction can be accurately changed in time through the steering gear.
In addition, the directional screw steering device has great application value in drilling shallow injection wells, windowing old wells, deepening old wells and drilling directional wells.
It should be noted that, all the electronic components related to the present invention adopt the prior art, and the above components are electrically connected to the controller, and the control circuit between the controller and the components is the prior art.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.