Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor and also aims to provide a preparation method of the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor.
The technical scheme is that the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor comprises a main body layer, wherein the main body layer is a composite of two-component polyurethane and modified wood particles, the two-component polyurethane comprises, by weight, 80-90 parts of a component A and 10-15 parts of a component B, wherein the component A comprises polyol and polyisocyanate, the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride, the modified wood particles are obtained by treating and drying wood particles through a modified liquid, and the modified liquid comprises, by weight, 60-80 parts of deionized water, 12-18 parts of triethylene tetramine, 10-15 parts of borax and 6-12 parts of methylchlorosilane.
Preferably, the wood particles are selected from wood particles with a length of 1-7cm and a width of 0.1-1 cm.
Preferably, the preparation process of the modified liquid comprises the steps of putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
Preferably, the preparation process of the modified wood particles comprises the steps of uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the wood particles from which dust is screened, mixing and stirring for reacting for a period of time, then drying at 50-70 ℃, and then drying at 50-60 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
Preferably, the composite board further comprises a protective layer arranged on the outer side of the main body layer according to application requirements, wherein the protective layer is obtained by mixing a wear-resistant system and a flame-retardant system according to a weight ratio of 5:3.
Preferably, the wear resistant system is a mixture of polyetheretherketone and tungsten disulfide, and the flame retardant system is a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol.
The preparation method of the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor comprises the following steps:
s1, spraying and modifying the wood particles by using a modifying liquid and drying to obtain modified wood particles;
S2, mixing the modified wood particles obtained in the step S1 with the bi-component polyurethane according to a certain proportion to obtain a mixture;
s3, spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step S2 into the mold for paving, and spraying a compounded wear-resistant system and a flame-retardant system into the mold if the mixture is provided with a protective layer;
s4, closing the die, and opening the die after pressing under preset pressure, so that a crude product of the composite board can be obtained;
S5, polishing and cutting the crude board product according to the required size and requirements to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor.
Preferably, in the step S2, the modified wood particles and the bi-component polyurethane are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1-10:1.
Preferably, in step S3, after the mixture is poured into the mold, the mixture is vibrated at a frequency of 500-800Hz, thereby exhausting air inside the mixture and spreading the mixture more uniformly in the mold.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) In the process of forming the composite board by pressing the bi-component polyurethane and the modified wood particles through the die, the polyol and the polyisocyanate in the A component in the bi-component polyurethane emit heat during the polymerization reaction, so that the composite board can be cured from inside to outside, and the composite board disclosed by the invention can be made into boards with different thicknesses according to the needs without considering the heat conduction problem, so that the thickness of the board cannot be too thick.
(2) The boric acid and the ammonium chloride in the component B in the bi-component polyurethane can lead the bi-component polyurethane to have good insect-proof and mildew-proof effects, so that the composite board can not be damaged by worms and eroded by moulds in the long-time outdoor use process, thereby leading to the occurrence of decay of the board and greatly reducing the service life of the board.
(3) After the modified wood particles are treated by the modified liquid composed of triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane, the double-component polyurethane can be immersed into the wood particles when being mixed with the double-component polyurethane, so that the double-component polyurethane is internally infiltrated and externally coated on the wood particles, the wood particles are polymerized together, meanwhile, the wood particles can form a coarse structure, the wood particles can be mutually clamped, the compactness of the board is further improved, and the condition that the board is easy to be invaded by moisture and is decomposed is avoided.
(4) The protective layer of the invention is composed of a wear-resistant system composed of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide and a flame-retardant system composed of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol, and the polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide have good tribological property and wear-resistant property, so that the wear resistance of the plate can be greatly improved, aluminum hydroxide is heated and decomposed to generate aluminum oxide and water vapor when being attacked by high temperature, the aluminum oxide can absorb smoke and micromolecular combustible substances, urea and carbon dioxide can be generated by the reaction between diphenylmethane diisocyanate and water vapor, the oxygen concentration around the plate can be reduced by carbon dioxide, so that the material combustion is prevented, and meanwhile, the flame-retardant protective film is formed on the surface of the plate by the urea, the tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and the polyether polyol, so that the material is further prevented from being combusted, and the flame-retardant property of the plate is better.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the invention clearer, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding bi-component polyurethane and modified wood particles as shown in fig. 1-2.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 80 parts of a component A and 10 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the cleaned wood particles with the length of 1cm and the width of 0.1cm, mixing, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 50 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 60 parts of deionized water, 12 parts of triethylene tetramine, 10 parts of borax and 6 parts of methyl chlorosilane according to parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The protective layer is obtained by mixing a wear-resistant system consisting of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide with a flame-retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol according to a weight ratio of 5:3.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 500Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then spraying the compounded wear-resistant system and flame-retardant system into the die, and closing the die to press under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Example 2
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding bi-component polyurethane and modified wood particles as shown in fig. 1-2.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 85 parts of a component A and 13 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto wood particles with the length of 5cm and the width of 0.5cm after cleaning, mixing and stirring for reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 60 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 77 parts of deionized water, 15 parts of triethylene tetramine, 12 parts of borax and 9 parts of methyl chlorosilane in parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The protective layer is obtained by mixing a wear-resistant system consisting of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide with a flame-retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol according to a weight ratio of 5:3.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 6:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 700Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then spraying the compounded wear-resistant system and flame-retardant system into the die, and closing the die to press under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Example 3
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding bi-component polyurethane and modified wood particles as shown in fig. 1-2.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 90 parts of a component A and 15 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the cleaned wood particles with the length of 7cm and the width of 1cm, mixing, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 70 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 80 parts of deionized water, 18 parts of triethylene tetramine, 15 parts of borax and 12 parts of methyl chlorosilane in parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The protective layer is obtained by mixing a wear-resistant system consisting of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide with a flame-retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol according to a weight ratio of 5:3.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 800Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then spraying the compounded wear-resistant system and flame-retardant system into the die, and closing the die to press under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Example 4
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer, as shown in figure 3, which is a composite of two-component polyurethane and modified wood particles.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 90 parts of a component A and 15 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the cleaned wood particles with the length of 7cm and the width of 1cm, mixing, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 70 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 80 parts of deionized water, 18 parts of triethylene tetramine, 15 parts of borax and 12 parts of methyl chlorosilane in parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 800Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then, the mold is closed, and the press is performed under a predetermined pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Comparative example 1
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding 50 parts of polyol, 40 parts of polyisocyanate and modified wood particles.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the cleaned wood particles with the length of 7cm and the width of 1cm, mixing, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 70 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 80 parts of deionized water, 18 parts of triethylene tetramine, 15 parts of borax and 12 parts of methyl chlorosilane in parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The protective layer is obtained by mixing a wear-resistant system consisting of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide with a flame-retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol according to a weight ratio of 5:3.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with a compound of polyol and polyisocyanate according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 800Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then spraying the compounded wear-resistant system and flame-retardant system into the die, and closing the die to press under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Comparative example 2
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding bi-component polyurethane with wood particles with the length of 7cm and the width of 1 cm.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 90 parts of a component A and 15 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
The protective layer is obtained by mixing a wear-resistant system consisting of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide with a flame-retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol according to a weight ratio of 5:3.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 800Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then spraying the compounded wear-resistant system and flame-retardant system into the die, and closing the die to press under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Comparative example 3
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding double-component polyurethane and modified wood particles.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 90 parts of a component A and 15 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the cleaned wood particles with the length of 7cm and the width of 1cm, mixing, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 70 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 80 parts of deionized water, 18 parts of triethylene tetramine, 15 parts of borax and 12 parts of methyl chlorosilane in parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The protective layer is a flame retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate and polyether polyol.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 800Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) Then spraying a flame-retardant system into the die, and closing the die and pressing under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Comparative example 4
A polyurethane/wood composite board for outdoor use is composed of a main body layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer is positioned on the outer side of the main body layer, and the main body layer is formed by compounding double-component polyurethane and modified wood particles.
The double-component polyurethane comprises 90 parts of a component A and 15 parts of a component B in parts by weight, wherein the component A comprises polyalcohol and polyisocyanate, and the component B comprises boric acid and ammonium chloride.
Uniformly spraying the modified liquid onto the cleaned wood particles with the length of 7cm and the width of 1cm, mixing, stirring and reacting for a period of time, and then drying at 70 ℃ to ensure that the moisture content in the wood particles is less than or equal to 5%, thereby obtaining the modified wood particles.
The modifying liquid comprises 80 parts of deionized water, 18 parts of triethylene tetramine, 15 parts of borax and 12 parts of methyl chlorosilane in parts by weight. And (3) putting the compounded triethylene tetramine, borax and methyl chlorosilane into deionized water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified liquid.
The protective layer is a wear-resistant system consisting of polyether-ether-ketone and tungsten disulfide.
The specific preparation process of the polyurethane composite board comprises the following steps:
(1) And mixing the obtained modified wood particles with the bi-component polyurethane according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to obtain a mixture.
(2) Spraying a release agent into the mold, pouring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into the mold, and applying 800Hz vibration to the mixture through a vibrating rod, so that air in the mixture is discharged, and the mixture is spread in the mold more uniformly.
(3) And then spraying the compounded wear-resistant system into the die, and closing the die to press under preset pressure.
(4) And after the pressing is finished, opening the die, and taking out the content from the die to obtain a crude product of the composite board.
(5) And polishing and cutting the crude plate product according to the required size and requirement to obtain the polyurethane/wood composite plate for the outdoor use.
Comparative example 5
OSB/1 European pine boards commonly used in construction engineering.
The 5 cm. Times.5 cm plates obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative documents 1 to 5 were respectively placed in 75℃water for continuous boiling for 7 days, and then the plates were taken out or observed for the occurrence of cracks, respectively, while the water content in the plates was measured by a DT-129 moisture meter, respectively. Then, according to GB/T27651-2021 standard, the insect prevention and mildew prevention grades of the plates of 5cm multiplied by 5cm obtained in the examples 1-4 and the comparative documents 1-5 are respectively tested, wherein the grade 0 is that the insect prevention and mildew prevention performance is poor (the insect prevention and mildew prevention volume occupies 20-30% of the total volume of the plate or the total volume of the plate is occupied by the mildew erosion volume), the grade 2 is that the insect prevention and mildew prevention performance is general (the insect prevention and mildew prevention volume occupies 10-19% of the total volume of the plate or the total volume of the mildew erosion volume is occupied by the plate), the grade 4 is that the insect prevention and mildew prevention performance is good (the insect prevention and mildew prevention performance occupies 6-9% of the total volume of the plate or the total volume of the mildew erosion volume is occupied by less than or equal to 5%) is represented. Further, friction wheels made of rubber were arranged on the surfaces of the plates of 5cm×5cm obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative documents 1 to 5, and the plates were rubbed with the material at intervals of 30min for 2min, thereby detecting mass loss of the plates, respectively. The flame retardant properties of the 5 cm. Times.5 cm panels obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative documents 1 to 5 were also examined by GB/T24509-2009 standard, respectively. The results of the above detection are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of testing the properties of the example and comparative example panels
As can be seen from Table 1, the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor use prepared by the invention has a more stable structure, so that the board has good dampproof and anti-cracking properties, and has excellent insect prevention and mildew prevention, and can prevent the board from being corroded by worms and mould in the long-time outdoor use process, and meanwhile has excellent wear resistance, so that the service life of the board can be greatly prolonged. In addition, the polyurethane/wood composite board for the outdoor has good flame retardant property, and can prevent the board from being easily ignited.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.