Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a transducer for detecting and treating, which can determine whether or not a portion to be subjected to acoustic wave treatment is an important organ tissue such as a blood vessel. If not, high-intensity sound waves are emitted for treatment, otherwise, high-intensity sound waves are not emitted, and serious consequences such as bleeding can be avoided.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The transducer comprises a transducer body, wherein a first space is defined in the transducer body, a space between the first space and the inner wall of the transducer body is defined as a second space, the transducer body is provided with a detection surface, a section of the transducer body passes through the first space and the second space, the section is perpendicular to and projects on the horizontal projection surface of the detection surface, and the projection of the second space is positioned on two sides of the projection of the first space; a focusing ceramic disposed in the first space or the second space; at least one sensor disposed in the second space or the first space.
Further, the second space surrounds the first space.
Further, the transducer body comprises a first shell and a detection surface arranged at the bottom of the first shell, and a first through hole is formed in the detection surface; forming an annular protruding part on the detection surface around the first through hole, wherein the annular protruding part extends towards the inner direction of the transducer body; the inner wall of the annular boss defines the first space; the inner wall of the first housing, the inner wall of the detection surface, and the outer wall of the annular projection define the second space.
Further, a plurality of first perforations are arranged on the detection surface, and the first perforations are communicated with the second space.
Further, the sensor is disposed in the second space, and a matching layer of the sensor is disposed in the first perforation; the focusing ceramic is disposed in the first space.
Further, a plurality of the first perforations are arranged on the detection surface in an annular array.
Further, the transducer body comprises a second shell, a second through hole is formed in the second shell, a first annular abutting part is arranged on the position, close to the detection surface, of the inner wall of the second shell, the edge of the focusing ceramic abuts against the first annular abutting part, and the first space is defined by the inner wall of the second through hole; an annular side wall is formed between the inner wall of the second through hole and the outer wall of the second shell, a plurality of second perforations are arranged in the annular side wall, the center axes of the second perforations are parallel to the center axes of the second through holes, the second perforations penetrate through two opposite surfaces of the annular side wall, and the inner walls of the second perforations define the second space.
Further, the sensor is disposed in the second space; the focusing ceramic is disposed in the first space.
Further, a plurality of the second perforations are disposed in an annular array in the annular sidewall.
Further, the transducer body comprises a third shell and a detection surface arranged at the bottom of the third shell, a third through hole is formed in the third shell, a second annular abutting part is arranged on the inner wall of the third shell at a position close to the detection surface, and the edge of the focusing ceramic abuts against the second annular abutting part; a third through hole is formed in the center of the focusing ceramic, the inner wall of the third through hole defines the first space, and the third through hole and the inner wall of the third shell define the second space; the sensor is disposed in the first space and the focusing ceramic is disposed in the second space.
Further, the transducer body comprises a fourth shell and a detection surface arranged at the bottom of the fourth shell, a fourth through hole is formed in the fourth shell, the detection surface is recessed into an arc-shaped surface towards the interior of the fourth shell, and a first tile-shaped abutting part is arranged at a position, close to the detection surface, of the inner wall of the fourth shell; the edge of the focusing ceramic is abutted against the first tile-shaped abutting part, a fourth through hole is formed in the center of the focusing ceramic, the inner wall of the fourth through hole defines the first space, and the fourth through hole and the inner wall of the fourth shell define the second space; the sensor is disposed in the first space and the focusing ceramic is disposed in the second space.
Further, the second space is disposed on opposite sides of the first space.
Further, the transducer body comprises a fifth shell and a detection surface arranged at the bottom of the fifth shell, a fifth through hole is formed in the fifth shell, the detection surface is recessed into an arc-shaped surface towards the interior of the fifth shell, and a second tile-shaped abutting part is arranged at a position, close to the detection surface, of the inner wall of the fifth shell; the inner wall of the fifth housing defines the first space, and the rim of the focusing ceramic abuts on the second tile-shaped abutting portion and is disposed in the first space.
Further, the sensor further comprises a sixth shell, wherein the fifth shell is arranged in the sixth shell, two second spaces are defined by two opposite outer side walls of the fifth shell and two opposite inner side walls of the sixth shell, the two second spaces are located on two opposite sides of the first space, and the sensor is arranged in the second spaces.
Further, at least one or more of the sensors are disposed in one of the second spaces.
Further, when the number of the sensors is a plurality of, two adjacent sensors are arranged at a predetermined distance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The transducer emits low frequency sound waves through the focused ceramic to act on the skin of the person, the low frequency sound waves propagating through the tissue medium, and when the low frequency sound waves encounter media of different densities and acoustic impedances (e.g., blood vessels), a portion of the low frequency sound waves are reflected back. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramics on the sensor receive low-frequency sound waves and generate mechanical vibrations, and the mechanical vibrations are converted into electric signals, so that the focusing ceramics cannot emit high-intensity sound waves, and damage to blood vessels is avoided.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the positions or elements referred to must have specific directions, be configured and operated in specific directions, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Thus, the definition of "a first", "a second" or "a second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature, and in the description of the invention, the meaning of "a number" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "assembled," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; or may be a mechanical connection; can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and examples, which are given by way of illustration only and do not limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 20, a transducer body 100 defines a first space 1 inside the transducer body 100, a space between the first space 1 and an inner wall of the transducer body 100 is defined as a second space 2, the transducer body 100 has a detection surface 5, a cross section of the transducer body 100 passes through the first space 1 and the second space 2, the cross section is perpendicular to and projects on a horizontal projection plane of the detection surface 5, and projections of the second space 2 are located on two sides of the projection of the first space 1. A focusing ceramic 3, the focusing ceramic 3 being arranged in the first space 1 or the second space 2. At least one sensor 4, said sensor 4 being arranged in said second space 2 or in said first space 1.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in this embodiment, the transducer body 100 is generally cylindrical and includes a first housing 6 and a detection surface 5 disposed at the bottom of the first housing 6. A first through hole 7 is provided on the detection surface 5, and an annular protruding portion 8 is formed on the detection surface 5 around the first through hole 7, and the annular protruding portion 8 extends toward the inner direction of the transducer body 100. The length of the annular protrusion 8 extending in the direction of the inside of the transducer body 100 is at least 2 times the length of the inner wall of the first through hole 7 as seen in a vertical cross section of the detection surface 5 and the annular protrusion 8. This is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
The inner wall of the annular protrusion 8 defines the first space 1, and the inner wall of the first housing 6, the inner wall of the detection surface 5, and the outer wall of the annular protrusion 8 define the second space 2. The second space 2 corresponds to surrounding the second space 2.
In the present embodiment, the detection surface 5 is provided with a plurality of first perforations 9, each first perforation 9 being in communication with the second space 2. The first through hole 9 has a certain curvature, and the curvature of the first through hole 9 is identical to the curvature of the first through hole 7. Specifically, the number of the first through holes 9 is four, and the four first through holes 9 are arranged on the detection surface 5 in an annular array with the first through holes 7 as the center.
In this embodiment, the focusing ceramic 3 is substantially disc-shaped, and the middle position of the focusing ceramic 3 is recessed a certain distance in a direction away from the detection surface 5. Specifically, the ratio of the distance of the central position depression of the focusing ceramics 3 to the diameter of the focusing ceramics 3 is at least 1:7.5. This is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
On the one hand, when the sound wave encounters the concave part of the focusing ceramic 3 in the process of propagation, the concave design can reduce the scattering and attenuation of the sound wave and improve the efficiency of sound wave transmission. This means that more acoustic energy can be efficiently transferred to the target area, thereby improving the overall performance of the device. On the other hand, the emitted sound waves can be reflected and focused to a specific point or area. The geometric shape enables the sound waves to be converged in the reflecting process to form a sound field with higher intensity, so that the sound field can precisely act on the skin of a person.
Specifically, the focusing ceramic 3 is made of a piezoelectric material. In this embodiment, the piezoelectric material is PZT-4 because of its high piezoelectric coefficient (capable of generating a large mechanical deformation when an electric field is applied, or generating a large electric charge when a mechanical stress is applied), high dielectric constant (capable of storing more electric energy under a small electric field, thereby improving its efficiency in the piezoelectric device), high mechanical strength (capable of withstanding a large mechanical stress without breaking or deforming, thereby ensuring the durability and reliability of the device), low dielectric loss (less energy loss during use, improving the overall efficiency and performance of the device), and good chemical stability (not susceptible to environmental factors such as humidity, temperature, chemical corrosion, etc.).
The focusing ceramic 3 is disposed in the first space 1, and the sound wave emitting surface of the focusing ceramic 3 faces the detection surface 5 (specifically, abuts against the detection surface 5).
In the present embodiment, the sensor 4 is formed by stacking a matching layer 41 having a certain curvature, a piezoelectric ceramic 42, and a backing 43 in this order. In particular, the sensor 4 is arranged in the second space 2, the matching layer 41 of the sensor 4 facing the first perforation 9. When in use, the matching layer 41 is positioned at the forefront end of the sensor 4 and directly faces the measured object, and the main function of the matching layer is to match the acoustic impedance of the sensor 4 with the acoustic impedance of a medium (such as a blood vessel and other tissues), so that the reflection of sound waves on a medium interface is reduced, and the transmission efficiency of the sound waves is improved. Immediately after the matching layer 41, the acoustic wave enters the piezoelectric ceramic 42, which is responsible for converting the acoustic wave signal into an electrical signal. Finally, the back 43 absorbs the redundant sound waves on the back of the piezoelectric ceramic 42, so that unnecessary reflection and interference are reduced.
Specifically, the dimensions of the matching layer 41, the piezoelectric ceramic 42 and the backing 43 are all larger than the dimensions of the first perforation 9, so that the matching layer 41, the piezoelectric ceramic 42 and the backing 43 can completely cover the first perforation 9, thereby ensuring that the sensor 4 can receive the reflected sound wave as completely as possible.
More specifically, the ratio of the thicknesses of the matching layer 41, the piezoelectric ceramic 42, and the backing 43 is at least 1:2:7. This is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The reason why the thickness of the backing 43 is set much larger than the matching layer 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic 42 is that: 1. the backing 43 generally has high damping characteristics that absorb and dissipate unwanted vibrations and reflected waves generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 42. This helps to reduce unwanted reflections and echo interference and thus improves the signal to noise ratio and measurement accuracy of the sensor 4. Thicker backings 43 may absorb these vibrations and fluctuations more effectively. 2. Thicker backings 43 may provide better mechanical stability and structural support for the sensor 4. The piezoelectric ceramic 42 is mechanically vibrated when subjected to an external force or during operation, and the backing 43 provides a stable base, so that the entire sensor 4 can maintain a stable shape and structure during operation, and the piezoelectric ceramic 42 is prevented from being broken or damaged. 3. The acoustic impedance of the backing 43 is generally different from the piezoelectric ceramic 42 and the matching layer 41, and by adjusting the thickness of the backing 43, the acoustic impedance matching of the entire sensor 4 can be optimized, thereby improving the energy transmission efficiency and sensitivity of the sensor 4. Thicker backings 43 allow for better control and adjustment of acoustic impedance matching. 4. The sensor 4 generates heat during operation and the thicker backing 43 better distributes and manages the heat and prevents damage to the sensor 4 from overheating. This helps to extend the service life and reliability of the sensor 4.
In the present embodiment, an end of the inner wall of the first housing 6 remote from the detection surface 5 is provided with a mounting boss 10. Specifically, the mounting boss 10 is spaced from the top of the transducer body 100 by a specific amount depending on the thickness of the protective cover 11, which is not limited herein. By selecting a suitable protective cap 11 to cover the mounting boss 10, the focusing ceramic 3 and the sensor 4 inside the first housing 6 are protected.
In particular, since sound waves need to propagate through air or other media. If the first housing 6 is completely closed, the sound waves are not effectively transmitted and the sensor 4 cannot detect an external sound signal. An opening (not shown) is thus provided in the protective cover 11. Secondly, in acoustic applications, the sound waves in the first housing 6 may be reflected and disturbed, affecting the measurement accuracy. The apertures may reduce these reflections and disturbances, improving the performance of the sensor 4.
The following presents the working principle of the invention in order to better understand the invention:
The focusing ceramic 3 generates mechanical vibration under the excitation of an electric signal, and emits low-frequency sound waves to act on human skin. The low frequency sound waves propagate through the tissue medium and when the low frequency sound waves encounter media of different densities and acoustic impedances (e.g., blood vessels), a portion of the low frequency sound waves are reflected back. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic 42 on the sensor 4 receives the low-frequency sound waves and generates mechanical vibrations, and these mechanical vibrations are converted into electrical signals, so that the focusing ceramic 3 does not emit high-intensity sound waves, and damage to blood vessels is avoided.
When the sensor 4 does not receive low frequency sound waves, the focusing ceramic 3 is driven by high frequency electrical signals to generate high intensity sound waves that can be precisely focused on a designated target area, relayed through human media such as dermal layers of skin tissue, superficial fat layers and SMAS fascia layers, and rapidly raise the temperature of these areas (typically between 65 ℃ and 75 ℃), which thermal effects can cause protein denaturation and contraction of local tissue (e.g., cause destruction and breakdown of adipocytes). The non-invasive treatment method can promote tissue contraction and promote collagen regeneration, thereby achieving the effect of improving tension.
The invention applies low-frequency sound waves to human skin through the focusing ceramic 3, the low-frequency sound waves are propagated through tissue media, and when the low-frequency sound waves encounter media (such as blood vessels) with different densities and acoustic impedances, a part of the low-frequency sound waves are reflected back. At this time, the piezoelectric ceramic 42 on the sensor 4 receives the low-frequency sound waves and generates mechanical vibrations, and these mechanical vibrations are converted into electrical signals, so that the focusing ceramic 3 does not emit high-intensity sound waves, and the blood vessel is prevented from being damaged, thereby improving the safety of the transducer.
Fig. 5-8 show another embodiment of the invention, which differs from one embodiment in that the position where the sensor 4 is placed is changed. The concrete structure is as follows:
In this embodiment, the transducer body 100 includes a second housing 12, and a second through hole 13 is provided on the second housing 12, and the second through hole 13 and an inner wall of the second housing 12 define the first space 1. The inner wall of the second housing 12 is provided with a first annular abutment 14 at a position close to the detection surface 5. The rim of the focusing ceramic 3 abuts against the first annular abutment 14. An annular sidewall 15 is formed between the inner wall of the second through hole 13 and the outer wall of the second housing 12. A plurality of second through holes 16 are arranged in the annular side wall 15, the central axis of the second through holes 16 is parallel to the central axis of the second through holes 13, the second through holes 16 penetrate through two opposite surfaces of the annular side wall 15, and the inner walls of the plurality of second through holes 16 define the second space 2.
Specifically, the number of the second perforations 16 is 8, and the 8 second perforations 16 are disposed in the annular sidewall 15 in an annular array (specifically, the two adjacent second perforations 16 are spaced by the same distance, and each two second perforations 16 are symmetrically disposed about the second through hole).
More specifically, the ratio of the diameters of the second perforation 16, the inner ring and the outer ring of the annular sidewall 15 is at least 1:4:8. This is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
The focusing ceramic 3 is arranged in the second through hole 13, i.e. the first space 1, and the sensor 4 is arranged in the second perforation 16, i.e. the second space 2.
In the present embodiment, the protective cover 11 directly covers an end surface of the transducer body 100 away from the detection surface 5.
Other technical features and technical effects are consistent with the embodiments, and are not described herein.
A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 9 to 12, which differs from one embodiment in that the placement positions of the sensor 4 and the focusing ceramic 3 are changed. The concrete structure is as follows:
The transducer body 100 includes a third housing 17, the detection surface 5 is disposed on the bottom surface of the third housing 17, a third through hole 18 is disposed on the third housing 17, a second annular abutment portion 19 is disposed on the inner wall of the third housing 17 near the detection surface 5, and the edge of the focusing ceramic 3 abuts against the second annular abutment portion 19.
A third through hole 20 is provided at a central position of the focusing ceramic 3, i.e. a recessed portion of the focusing ceramic 3, and the size of the focusing ceramic 3 is at least 3.4 times the size of the third through hole 20. This is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The inner wall of the third perforation 20 defines the first space 1 and the inner walls of the third perforation 18 and the third housing 17 define the second space 2. A sensor 4 is arranged in the first space 1 and a focusing ceramic 3 is arranged in the second space 2.
This design of the sensor 4 in the recess of the focusing ceramic 3 has the advantage that: 1. the concave part of the focusing ceramic 3 is used as a focus for collecting sound waves, and the sensor 4 is arranged at the focus position, so that the energy of the sound waves received by the sensor can be ensured to be maximized, and the signal intensity and the detection sensitivity are improved. 2. This focused sound can form a concentrated and high resolution sound field, with the sensor 4 being positioned at the focal position for higher spatial resolution, which is particularly important in medical imaging and non-destructive testing, and can provide clearer and more detailed images. 3. The focused sound wave has the highest energy density at the focal position, which means that the signal is strongest and the noise is relatively weak at this position. The sensor 4 is arranged at the position, so that the signal to noise ratio can be obviously improved, and the measurement accuracy of the sensor is enhanced. 4. Focusing the ceramic 3 can reduce scattering and distortion effects of the sound waves. By placing the sensor 4 in the center of the recess, a more accurate and realistic signal can be obtained using this feature, reducing measurement errors due to scattering or distortion of sound waves.
Other technical features and technical effects are consistent with the embodiments, and are not described herein.
A fourth embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 13-17, which differs from one embodiment in that the shape of the transducer is changed. The concrete structure is as follows:
The transducer body 100 includes a fourth housing 21, the detection surface 5 is disposed at the bottom of the fourth housing 21, a fourth through hole 22 is disposed on the fourth housing 21, and the detection surface 5 is recessed into an arc surface toward the inside of the fourth housing 21. Referring to fig. 17, the length of the recess of the detection surface 5 toward the inside of the fourth housing 21 is set to h, and the length h is at least one third of the width of the third housing 17. This is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. A first tile-shaped abutting portion 23 is provided on the inner wall of the fourth housing 21 at a position close to the detection surface 5, the edge of the focusing ceramics 3 abuts on the first tile-shaped abutting portion 23, a fourth through hole 24 is provided on the center position of the focusing ceramics 3, the inner wall of the fourth through hole 24 defines the first space 1, and the fourth through hole 22 and the inner wall of the fourth housing 21 define the second space 2. The sensor 4 is arranged in a fourth through hole 22, i.e. the first space 1, and the focusing ceramic 3 is arranged in a fourth through hole 24, i.e. the second space 2.
Other technical features and technical effects are consistent with the embodiments, and are not described herein.
As shown in fig. 18 to 20, which show a fifth embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is different from an embodiment in that the positional relationship between the first space 1 and the second space 2 is changed, and the changed second space 2 is disposed on both sides of the first space 1. The concrete structure is as follows:
The transducer body 100 includes a fifth housing 25, the detection surface 5 is disposed on a bottom surface of the fifth housing 25, a fifth through hole 26 is disposed on the fifth housing 25, the detection surface 5 is recessed into an arc surface toward an inside of the fifth housing 25, and a second tile-shaped abutting portion 27 is disposed on an inner wall of the fifth housing 25 at a position close to the detection surface 5. The fifth through hole 26 and the inner wall of the fifth housing 25 define a first space 1, and the rim of the focusing ceramic 3 is abutted against the second tile-shaped abutment 27 and disposed in the first space 1.
Further includes a sixth housing 28, and the fifth housing 25 is disposed in the sixth housing 28. Specifically, an abutment space 29 is provided in the sixth housing 28, the size of the abutment space 29 matches the size of the fifth housing 25, and the fifth housing 25 is provided in the abutment space 29. The opposite outer side walls of the fifth housing 25 and the opposite inner side walls of the sixth housing 28 define two second spaces 2, the two second spaces 2 being located on opposite sides of the first space 1, and the sensor 4 being provided in the second spaces 2.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, the length of the sixth housing 28 is slightly smaller than the length of the fifth housing 25, but the interval between the both side walls of the sixth housing 28 is larger than the width of the fifth housing 25, so that the fifth housing 25 can be disposed in the abutment space 29 of the sixth housing 28.
Of course, the length of the sixth housing 28 may be greater than or equal to the length of the fifth housing 25, which is not limited herein.
Preferably, at least one or more sensors 4 may be disposed in one second space 2, and when the number of sensors 4 is several, adjacent two sensors 4 are disposed at a predetermined distance.
In comparison with the design in which the second space 2 surrounds the first space 1 in the first to fourth embodiments, the present embodiment has the advantages in that the second spaces 2 are disposed at both sides of the first space 1: 1. the multi-angle detection can be realized, which is helpful to acquire more visual angle information, thereby improving the detection precision and imaging quality of the detected object. 2. The reliability of the system can be increased. If one sensor 4 fails or performance is degraded, the other sensor 4 can still work normally, and the continuity and reliability of the system are ensured. 3. By comparing the signals received by the two side sensors 4, enhancement and filtering of the signals can be performed. The comparison method is helpful for eliminating noise and interference and improving the quality and accuracy of signals. 4. The multi-sensor 4 configuration may enable dynamic and real-time monitoring, particularly in applications requiring fast response and tuning. By receiving and processing data of multiple sensors 4 simultaneously, faster response times and higher dynamic performance can be achieved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but, if various modifications or variations of the present invention are not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof.