技术领域Technical Field
本申请实施例涉及黑启动技术领域，特别涉及一种储能系统、启动方法及供电系统。The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of black start technology, and in particular to an energy storage system, a starting method, and a power supply system.
背景技术Background Art
在供电系统中，若电网或者负载因故障、定期检修以及储能系统初次安装等原因导致电网或者负载断电时候，需要储能系统自启动，以使得电池模组为储能变流器供电，进而为负载或者电网供电，该过程可以称为黑启动过程。In the power supply system, if the grid or load is cut off due to faults, regular maintenance, or the initial installation of the energy storage system, the energy storage system needs to start automatically so that the battery module can power the energy storage inverter and then power the load or grid. This process can be called a black start process.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请实施例提供一种储能系统、启动方法及供电系统，可以可靠实现黑启动，且电路结构简单，可靠性高，成本较低。The embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage system, a starting method, and a power supply system, which can reliably implement a black start, and have a simple circuit structure, high reliability, and low cost.
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种储能系统，包括：电池模组、开关单元和储能变流器，开关单元连接于电池模组与储能变流器之间。储能系统还包括：第一开关、AC/DC变换器和控制单元，第一开关连接于开关单元的第一端与开关单元的第二端之间，AC/DC连接于储能变流器的交流连接端与控制单元之间，控制单元分别与开关单元和第一开关连接。储能系统被构造为响应于第一开关导通，电池模组接通储能变流器，电池模组通过储能变流器为控制单元供电，控制单元控制开关单元导通。In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising: a battery module, a switch unit and an energy storage inverter, wherein the switch unit is connected between the battery module and the energy storage inverter. The energy storage system also includes: a first switch, an AC/DC converter and a control unit, wherein the first switch is connected between the first end of the switch unit and the second end of the switch unit, the AC/DC is connected between the AC connection end of the energy storage inverter and the control unit, and the control unit is respectively connected to the switch unit and the first switch. The energy storage system is constructed such that in response to the first switch being turned on, the battery module is connected to the energy storage inverter, the battery module supplies power to the control unit through the energy storage inverter, and the control unit controls the switch unit to be turned on.
当需要黑启动时，开关单元处于断开状态，手动闭合第一开关，第一开关导通，电池模组接通储能变流器的直流连接端，电池模组经第一开关向储能变流器输出第一直流电能，储能变流器将第一直流电能转换为第一交流电能，并将第一交流电能输出至AC/DC变换器，AC/DC变换器将第一交流电能转换为第二直流电能，并将第二直流电能输出至控制单元的供电端，控制单元接收第二直流电能，并上电启动。即电池模组经第一开关、储能变流器以及AC/DC变换器为控制单元供电，控制单元上电启动，控制单元输出第一控制信号控制开关单元导通，储能系统完成启动操作。When a black start is required, the switch unit is in the disconnected state, the first switch is manually closed, the first switch is turned on, the battery module is connected to the DC connection end of the energy storage converter, the battery module outputs the first DC power to the energy storage converter via the first switch, the energy storage converter converts the first DC power into the first AC power, and outputs the first AC power to the AC/DC converter, the AC/DC converter converts the first AC power into the second DC power, and outputs the second DC power to the power supply end of the control unit, the control unit receives the second DC power, and powers on to start. That is, the battery module supplies power to the control unit via the first switch, the energy storage converter, and the AC/DC converter, the control unit powers on to start, the control unit outputs the first control signal to control the switch unit to turn on, and the energy storage system completes the startup operation.
由此，本申请实施例中的储能系统通过并联于开关单元两端的第一开关，闭合第一开关即可实现储能系统的黑启动功能，电路结构简单，成本较低，启动更加可靠，更加安全。Therefore, the energy storage system in the embodiment of the present application can realize the black start function of the energy storage system by closing the first switch connected in parallel to both ends of the switch unit. The circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the startup is more reliable and safer.
在一些实施例中，储能系统还包括不间断电源，不间断电源连接于储能变流器的交流连接端与AC/DC变换器之间。In some embodiments, the energy storage system further includes an uninterruptible power supply connected between the AC connection terminal of the energy storage inverter and the AC/DC converter.
若不间断电源有足够电量，则可以手动开启不间断电源，不间断电源输出第二交流电能，并将第二交流电能输出至AC/DC变换器，AC/DC变换器将第二交流电能转换为第二直流电能，并将第二直流电能输出至控制单元的供电端，控制单元接收第二直流电能，并上电启动。控制单元上电启动以后，控制开关单元导通，电池模组经开关单元、储能变流器、不间断电源、AC/DC变换器向控制单元持续供电，保持控制单元处于工作状态。若不间断电源电量不足时，手动闭合第一开关，电池模组通过第一开关、储能变流器为不间断电源充电，不间断电源持续向AC/DC变换器输出交流电能，AC/DC变换器将该交流电能转换为直流电能为控制单元供电，控制单元上电启动，并维持控制单元处于工作状态。If the uninterruptible power supply has enough power, the uninterruptible power supply can be manually turned on, and the uninterruptible power supply outputs the second AC power, and outputs the second AC power to the AC/DC converter. The AC/DC converter converts the second AC power into the second DC power, and outputs the second DC power to the power supply end of the control unit. The control unit receives the second DC power and is powered on. After the control unit is powered on, the switch unit is controlled to be turned on, and the battery module continuously supplies power to the control unit through the switch unit, the energy storage converter, the uninterruptible power supply, and the AC/DC converter to keep the control unit in a working state. If the uninterruptible power supply is insufficient, the first switch is manually closed, and the battery module charges the uninterruptible power supply through the first switch and the energy storage converter. The uninterruptible power supply continuously outputs AC power to the AC/DC converter, and the AC/DC converter converts the AC power into DC power to power the control unit. The control unit is powered on and the control unit is maintained in a working state.
由此，本申请实施例可通过不间断电源实现另一种黑启动方式，并与通过第一开关实现黑启动的方式兼容，而且，本申请实施例通过不间断电源向控制单元提供稳定的电压，确保控制单元启动更加稳定。Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can realize another black start mode through an uninterruptible power supply, and is compatible with the method of realizing black start through the first switch. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application provides a stable voltage to the control unit through the uninterruptible power supply, ensuring that the control unit starts more stably.
在本申请的一些实施例中，储能系统还包括保护控制单元，保护控制单元连接于电池模组与储能变流器的直流连接端之间，并与开关单元串联连接，保护控制单元被配置为响应于保护控制单元导通，接通电池模组与储能变流器之间的电连接。In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system also includes a protection control unit, which is connected between the DC connection terminal of the battery module and the energy storage inverter and is connected in series with the switch unit. The protection control unit is configured to connect the electrical connection between the battery module and the energy storage inverter in response to the protection control unit being turned on.
本申请实施例中的控制单元控制电池模组与储能变流器之间的电连接，且实现保护作用，对储能系统实现异常防护。The control unit in the embodiment of the present application controls the electrical connection between the battery module and the energy storage converter, and realizes a protective function to protect the energy storage system from abnormalities.
在本申请的一些实施例中，保护控制单元包括断路器或熔断器。In some embodiments of the present application, the protection control unit includes a circuit breaker or a fuse.
在本申请的一些实施例中，储能系统包括断路器，断路器连接于储能变流器的交流连接端与负载之间。In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system includes a circuit breaker connected between an AC connection terminal of the energy storage converter and the load.
在储能系统启动过程中，手动或远程断开断路器，进而断开储能变流器的交流连接端负载之间的连接，使得储能变流器输出的第一交流电能直接传输至AC/DC变换器或经不间断电源向AC/DC变换器传输，避免负载需求的功率高于储能变流器的输出功率，产生拉载现象，导致储能变流器无法正常输出，进而通过设置断路器以及控制断路器的工作状态，以保证控制单元的可靠启动。During the startup of the energy storage system, the circuit breaker is disconnected manually or remotely, thereby disconnecting the connection between the loads at the AC connection end of the energy storage inverter, so that the first AC power output by the energy storage inverter is directly transmitted to the AC/DC converter or transmitted to the AC/DC converter via an uninterruptible power supply, thereby avoiding the load demand being higher than the output power of the energy storage inverter, causing a load-pulling phenomenon, and causing the energy storage inverter to be unable to output normally. The circuit breaker is then set and the working state of the circuit breaker is controlled to ensure reliable startup of the control unit.
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种储能系统的启动方法，应用于如上所述的储能系统，储能系统包括电池模组、开关单元和储能变流器、第一开关、AC/DC变换器以及控制单元，该方法包括：闭合第一开关，电池模组经第一开关向储能变流器输出第一直流电能，储能变流器将第一直流电能转换为第一交流电能，AC/DC变换器将第一交流电能转换为第二直流电能，控制单元接收第二直流电能，上电启动；控制单元向开关单元发送第一控制信号，控制开关单元导通。In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for starting an energy storage system, which is applied to the energy storage system as described above, wherein the energy storage system includes a battery module, a switch unit and an energy storage inverter, a first switch, an AC/DC converter and a control unit, and the method includes: closing the first switch, the battery module outputs a first DC power to the energy storage inverter via the first switch, the energy storage inverter converts the first DC power into a first AC power, the AC/DC converter converts the first AC power into a second DC power, the control unit receives the second DC power, and powers on to start; the control unit sends a first control signal to the switch unit to control the switch unit to conduct.
由此，本申请实施例中的储能系统的启动方法可通过导通第一开关，使得电池模组为控制单元供电，进而使得储能系统实现黑启动功能，操作方法简单、可靠，提高储能系统黑启动的稳定性。Therefore, the starting method of the energy storage system in the embodiment of the present application can realize the black start function of the energy storage system by turning on the first switch so that the battery module supplies power to the control unit. The operation method is simple and reliable, and the stability of the black start of the energy storage system is improved.
在本申请的一些实施例中，该方法包括：控制单元向第一开关发送第二控制信号，以控制第一开关断开。In some embodiments of the present application, the method includes: the control unit sends a second control signal to the first switch to control the first switch to be disconnected.
本申请实施例可以防止第一开关与开关单元均导通时，在电池模组出现异常或储能系统出现异常时，及时关断电池模组放电，保证储能系统的安全。The embodiment of the present application can prevent the first switch and the switch unit from being turned on, and when an abnormality occurs in the battery module or the energy storage system, the discharge of the battery module is promptly shut down to ensure the safety of the energy storage system.
在本申请的一些实施例中，该方法应用于如上储能系统，储能系统还包括断路器，在闭合第一开关之前，该方法还包括：断开所述断路器。In some embodiments of the present application, the method is applied to the above energy storage system, the energy storage system further includes a circuit breaker, and before closing the first switch, the method further includes: opening the circuit breaker.
在外部公共电网停电后，储能系统与公共电网的公共并网点断开，储能系统与负载、发电设备形成内部离网系统，储能系统和发电设备可以向负载供电。在储能系统执行黑启动时，为了防止储能变流器输出的电能无法满足负载所需的功率，出现拉载的现象，本申请实施例在闭合第一开关之前，断开断路器，保证储能变流器输出的第一交流电能完全为控制单元供电，控制单元进而控制开关单元导通，储能系统可靠地实现黑启动。After the external public power grid is powered off, the energy storage system is disconnected from the public grid connection point, and the energy storage system, load, and power generation equipment form an internal off-grid system, and the energy storage system and power generation equipment can supply power to the load. When the energy storage system performs a black start, in order to prevent the power output of the energy storage converter from failing to meet the power required by the load, resulting in a load-pulling phenomenon, the embodiment of the present application disconnects the circuit breaker before closing the first switch to ensure that the first AC power output by the energy storage converter fully powers the control unit, and the control unit then controls the switch unit to conduct, so that the energy storage system can reliably achieve a black start.
在本申请的一些实施例中，在所述控制单元向所述第一开关发送第二控制信号，以控制所述第一开关断开之后，该方法还包括：控制所述储能变流器停止输出交流电能，闭合所述断路器，控制所述储能变流器重新输出交流电能。In some embodiments of the present application, after the control unit sends a second control signal to the first switch to control the first switch to disconnect, the method further includes: controlling the energy storage inverter to stop outputting AC power, closing the circuit breaker, and controlling the energy storage inverter to output AC power again.
在控制单元可靠启动以后，本申请实施例再通过更改储能变流器与断路器的工作状态，控制电池模组与负载之间的实现正常的电能传输。After the control unit is reliably started, the embodiment of the present application controls the normal power transmission between the battery module and the load by changing the working status of the energy storage inverter and the circuit breaker.
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种供电系统，包括：负载以及如上所述的储能系统。In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system, including: a load and the energy storage system as described above.
相对于现有技术，本申请实施例的储能系统包括电池模组、开关单元、储能变流器，第一开关、AC/DC变换器以及控制单元，第一开关连接于开关单元的第一端与开关单元的第二端之间。当需要黑启动时，第一开关导通，使得电池模组接通储能变流器，储能变流器经AC/DC变换器为控制单元供电，控制单元上电启动，并控制开关单元导通，储能系统完成启动操作。因此，该储能系统通过第一开关即可实现黑启动功能，电路结构简单，启动更加可靠，更加安全，而且，成本也较低。Compared with the prior art, the energy storage system of the embodiment of the present application includes a battery module, a switch unit, an energy storage inverter, a first switch, an AC/DC converter and a control unit, wherein the first switch is connected between the first end of the switch unit and the second end of the switch unit. When a black start is required, the first switch is turned on, so that the battery module is connected to the energy storage inverter, the energy storage inverter supplies power to the control unit via the AC/DC converter, the control unit is powered on and starts, and controls the switch unit to turn on, and the energy storage system completes the startup operation. Therefore, the energy storage system can realize the black start function through the first switch, the circuit structure is simple, the startup is more reliable and safer, and the cost is also lower.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不配置对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件。One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by the figures in the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements.
图1是本申请实施例提供的其中一种供电系统的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图3是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图4是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图5是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图6是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图7是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的启动方法流程示意图；FIG7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for starting an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图8是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的启动方法流程示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for starting an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and in detail in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
本申请中，当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。In the present application, when an element is expressed as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween.
此外，下面所描述的本申请各个实施例中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构造冲突就可以相互组合。In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no structural conflict between them.
本申请的储能系统可应用于多种充放电场景中，如应用于工商业、电站、户用、充电场站等。本申请的储能系统可以为并网型储能系统，其与电网连接，储能系统可以将储存的能量在电能需求高峰期时，释放并供应于电网，以实现电网调峰和能源平衡。本申请的储能系统还可以为离网型储能系统，其与电网分离，独立地进行储存和供应能量，并将储存的电能为负载供电。The energy storage system of the present application can be applied to a variety of charging and discharging scenarios, such as industrial and commercial, power stations, household, charging stations, etc. The energy storage system of the present application can be a grid-connected energy storage system, which is connected to the power grid. The energy storage system can release and supply the stored energy to the power grid during the peak period of power demand to achieve power grid peak regulation and energy balance. The energy storage system of the present application can also be an off-grid energy storage system, which is separated from the power grid, independently stores and supplies energy, and uses the stored electric energy to power the load.
请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的一种供电系统的结构示意图，如图1所示，该供电系统包括负载以及储能系统。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the power supply system includes a load and an energy storage system.
电网为外部交流电网，负载为以电能作为能源的电能消耗设备，包括：电动交通工具，例如：电动汽车、电动两轮车、电动三轮车等，电动工具等，各种家电设备，例如：冰箱、洗衣机等。图1中以负载为冰箱为例示出。The power grid is an external AC power grid, and the load is an energy-consuming device that uses electric energy as energy, including electric vehicles, such as electric cars, electric two-wheelers, electric three-wheelers, etc., electric tools, etc., and various household appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, etc. FIG1 takes a refrigerator as an example of the load.
如图2所示，本申请实施例的储能系统100包括电池模组10与储能变流器20。其中，电池模组10包括多个并联、串联或混联的电芯，用于存储和提供电能，混联包括串联和并联。电池模组10与电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)共同构成电池包，BMS可以管理电池模组的充电和/或放电，还可以用于监测、管理和保护电池模组的性能和安全等。As shown in FIG2 , the energy storage system 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a battery module 10 and an energy storage converter 20. The battery module 10 includes a plurality of parallel, series or hybrid cells for storing and providing electrical energy, and the hybrid includes series and parallel. The battery module 10 and the battery management system (BMS) together constitute a battery pack, and the BMS can manage the charging and/or discharging of the battery module, and can also be used to monitor, manage and protect the performance and safety of the battery module.
请参阅图1和图2，储能系统100中可以包括多个电池包，多个电池包可以并联，且多个电池包的输出端均连接功率母线，功率母线再连接储能变流器20的直流连接端，储能变流器20的交流连接端再连接电网和/或负载。在电池模组10放电时，储能变流器20的交流连接端是其输出端，在电池模组10充电时，储能变流器20的直流连接端是其输出端。Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. The energy storage system 100 may include multiple battery packs, which may be connected in parallel, and the output ends of the multiple battery packs are all connected to the power bus, which is then connected to the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, and the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is then connected to the grid and/or the load. When the battery module 10 is discharging, the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is its output end, and when the battery module 10 is charging, the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is its output end.
具体地，电池包为储能变流器200提供直流电，储能变流器20将直流电转换为交流电，并将该交流电经其交流连接端输出至电网和/或负载，为电网和/或负载供电，实现电池包放电。储能变流器20还可以将电网提供的交流电转换为直流电，并将该直流电经其直流连接端输出至储能系统中的电池包，电池包进行储能，实现对电池包充电。Specifically, the battery pack provides direct current to the energy storage converter 200, and the energy storage converter 20 converts the direct current into alternating current, and outputs the alternating current to the grid and/or the load through its AC connection terminal, supplies power to the grid and/or the load, and discharges the battery pack. The energy storage converter 20 can also convert the alternating current provided by the grid into direct current, and output the direct current to the battery pack in the energy storage system through its DC connection terminal, so that the battery pack stores energy and charges the battery pack.
本申请实施例的供电系统还包括发电设备，其中，发电设备与储能系统均可连接储能变流器的直流连接端。发电设备可以为光伏阵列(太阳能电池板)、风力涡轮机、蒸汽轮机以及发电机等能源收集设备，其将一次能源(如煤炭、天然气、水能、核能等)转换为电能。图1中以光伏阵列为例示出。The power supply system of the embodiment of the present application also includes a power generation device, wherein the power generation device and the energy storage system can be connected to the DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter. The power generation device can be an energy collection device such as a photovoltaic array (solar panel), a wind turbine, a steam turbine, and a generator, which converts primary energy (such as coal, natural gas, hydropower, nuclear energy, etc.) into electrical energy. FIG1 shows a photovoltaic array as an example.
光伏阵列可以为储能变流器20提供直流电，储能变流器20将直流电转换为交流电，并将该交流电经其交流连接端输出至电网和/或负载，为电网和/或负载供电。当储能变流器20输出的电能超过电网和/或负载对电能的需求时，电池包对储能变流器20输出的多余电能进行存储，以及在储能变流器20输出的电能小于电网和/或负载对电能的需求时，将存储的电能经储能变流器20输出至电网和/或负载。The photovoltaic array can provide direct current to the energy storage inverter 20, and the energy storage inverter 20 converts the direct current into alternating current, and outputs the alternating current to the grid and/or the load through its AC connection terminal to supply power to the grid and/or the load. When the electric energy output by the energy storage inverter 20 exceeds the demand for electric energy by the grid and/or the load, the battery pack stores the excess electric energy output by the energy storage inverter 20, and when the electric energy output by the energy storage inverter 20 is less than the demand for electric energy by the grid and/or the load, the stored electric energy is output to the grid and/or the load through the energy storage inverter 20.
请继续参阅图2，该储能系统100还包括开关单元30，开关单元30连接于电池模组10与储能变流器20之间。Please continue to refer to FIG. 2 . The energy storage system 100 further includes a switch unit 30 . The switch unit 30 is connected between the battery module 10 and the energy storage converter 20 .
具体地，开关单元30的第一端与功率母线连接，开关单元30的第二端与储能变流器20的直流连接端连接，储能变流器20的交流连接端与电网和/或负载连接。当开关单元30导通时，电池模组10与储能变流器20的直流连接端建立连接，当开关单元30断开时，电池模组10与储能变流器20的直流连接端断开连接。Specifically, a first end of the switch unit 30 is connected to the power bus, a second end of the switch unit 30 is connected to a DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, and an AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is connected to a power grid and/or a load. When the switch unit 30 is turned on, the battery module 10 is connected to the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, and when the switch unit 30 is turned off, the battery module 10 is disconnected from the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20.
在储能系统100处于工作状态时，开关单元30处于导通状态，电池模组10经开关单元30接通储能变流器20的直流连接端。一方面，电池模组10经开关单元30向储能变流器20提供放电直流电能，储能变流器20将放电直流电能转换为放电交流电能，并经其交流连接端将放电交流电能输出至电网和/或负载，实现电池模组10向电网和/或负载供电功能。另一方面，储能变流器20还可以将电网提供的充电交流电能转换为充电直流电能，并将该充电直流电能经其直流连接端经开关单元30输出至电池模组10，电池模组10进行储能，实现对电池模组10的充电功能。When the energy storage system 100 is in working state, the switch unit 30 is in conducting state, and the battery module 10 is connected to the DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20 through the switch unit 30. On the one hand, the battery module 10 provides discharge DC power to the energy storage converter 20 through the switch unit 30, and the energy storage converter 20 converts the discharge DC power into discharge AC power, and outputs the discharge AC power to the grid and/or the load through its AC connection terminal, thereby realizing the function of the battery module 10 supplying power to the grid and/or the load. On the other hand, the energy storage converter 20 can also convert the charging AC power provided by the grid into charging DC power, and output the charging DC power to the battery module 10 through its DC connection terminal through the switch unit 30, and the battery module 10 stores energy, thereby realizing the function of charging the battery module 10.
储能变流器20为双向变流器件，当电能从储能变流器20的直流连接端传输至储能变流器20的交流连接端时，储能变流器20的直流连接端为其输入端，用于接收电能，储能变流器20的交流连接端为其输出端，用于输出电能，反之，当电能从储能变流器20的交流连接端传输至储能变流器20的直流连接端时，储能变流器20的交流连接端为其输入端，用于接收电能，储能变流器20的直流连接端为其输出端，用于输出电能。储能变流器20的交流连接端输出的交流电的电压为当地地区规定的市电电压，如，中国的市电为220V，日本的市电为110V。The energy storage converter 20 is a bidirectional converter device. When electric energy is transmitted from the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 to the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is its input end for receiving electric energy, and the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is its output end for outputting electric energy. Conversely, when electric energy is transmitted from the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 to the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is its input end for receiving electric energy, and the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is its output end for outputting electric energy. The voltage of the AC power outputted from the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 is the mains voltage specified in the local area, such as 220V for China's mains and 110V for Japan's mains.
开关单元30可以为各种可控开关如继电器或者I GBT等，具体可根据实际应用场景确定。该开关单元30可在其控制端接收控制信号，该控制信号可以控制开关单元30的导通或断开。The switch unit 30 may be any controllable switch such as a relay or an IGBT, etc., which may be determined according to the actual application scenario. The switch unit 30 may receive a control signal at its control end, and the control signal may control the switch unit 30 to be turned on or off.
请继续参阅图2，储能系统100还包括AC/DC变换器40与控制单元50，AC/DC变换器40连接于储能变流器20的交流连接端与控制单元50之间。具体地，AC/DC变换器40的输入端与储能变流器20的交流连接端连接，AC/DC变换器40的输出端与控制单元50的电能输入端连接。2 , the energy storage system 100 further includes an AC/DC converter 40 and a control unit 50, wherein the AC/DC converter 40 is connected between the AC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20 and the control unit 50. Specifically, the input terminal of the AC/DC converter 40 is connected to the AC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20, and the output terminal of the AC/DC converter 40 is connected to the power input terminal of the control unit 50.
AC/DC变换器40可以将储能变流器20输出的交流电转换为直流电，例如，若储能变流器20经其交流连接端输出第一交流电能，AC/DC变换器40可以将第一交流电能转换为第二直流电能。并且，AC/DC变换器40具有降压作用，其将第一交流电能的电压降为第二直流电能的电压，以满足控制单元50的供电电压需求。控制单元50的供电电压根据控制单元50的具体芯片而决定，作为本申请的一个示例，控制单元50的供电电压为24V。The AC/DC converter 40 can convert the AC power output by the energy storage converter 20 into DC power. For example, if the energy storage converter 20 outputs the first AC power through its AC connection terminal, the AC/DC converter 40 can convert the first AC power into the second DC power. In addition, the AC/DC converter 40 has a voltage reduction function, which reduces the voltage of the first AC power to the voltage of the second DC power to meet the power supply voltage requirement of the control unit 50. The power supply voltage of the control unit 50 is determined according to the specific chip of the control unit 50. As an example of the present application, the power supply voltage of the control unit 50 is 24V.
控制单元50与开关单元30连接。具体地，控制单元50的第一输出端与开关单元30的控制端连接，当控制单元50处于正常工作状态时，控制单元50可以输出控制信号以控制开关单元30的工作状态。The control unit 50 is connected to the switch unit 30. Specifically, the first output terminal of the control unit 50 is connected to the control terminal of the switch unit 30. When the control unit 50 is in a normal working state, the control unit 50 can output a control signal to control the working state of the switch unit 30.
例如：控制单元50可以经其第一输出端输出高电平信号，以控制开关单元30导通，还可以经其第一输出端输出低电平信号，以控制开关单元30断开。For example, the control unit 50 may output a high level signal through its first output terminal to control the switch unit 30 to be turned on, and may also output a low level signal through its first output terminal to control the switch unit 30 to be turned off.
在一些实施例中，控制单元50可以为通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、单片机、ARM(Acorn RISC Machine)或其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或晶体管逻辑、分立的硬件组件或者这些部件的任何组合。In some embodiments, the control unit 50 can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a single-chip microcomputer, an ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components.
在一些实施例中，AC/DC变换器40与控制单元50可以集成于同一电路板，在其他实施例中，AC/DC变换器40与控制单元50还可以互相独立设置于电路板，本申请对此不做限制。In some embodiments, the AC/DC converter 40 and the control unit 50 may be integrated into the same circuit board. In other embodiments, the AC/DC converter 40 and the control unit 50 may be independently arranged on the circuit board. This application does not impose any limitation on this.
当储能系统与外部公共电网的电连接断开或者外部公共电网停电时，且开关单元30处于断开状态，储能系统100处于关机状态，此时需要储能系统100具有黑启动功能，以实现储能系统100的上电启动。When the energy storage system is electrically disconnected from the external public power grid or the external public power grid is out of power, and the switch unit 30 is in the disconnected state, the energy storage system 100 is in the shutdown state. At this time, the energy storage system 100 needs to have a black start function to realize power-on startup of the energy storage system 100.
现有的一些黑启动方式采用电池模组10直接向控制单元50供电，以启动控制单元50，进而启动储能系统100。但由于电池模组10输出的电压大于控制单元50的供电电压，例如，电池模组10的输出电压为1500V，控制单元50的供电电压为24V，则在电池模组10向控制单元50供电的回路上，需要增加高压隔离驱动芯片以及变压器等器件，以将电池模组10输出的1500V转换为控制单元50所需的24V。此种黑启动方式需要设置高压转低压电路，一方面增加了储能系统的成本，另一方面高压转低压电路存在安全隐患(例如绝缘风险)，增加储能系统的安全风险。Some existing black start methods use the battery module 10 to directly supply power to the control unit 50 to start the control unit 50 and then start the energy storage system 100. However, since the voltage output by the battery module 10 is greater than the power supply voltage of the control unit 50, for example, the output voltage of the battery module 10 is 1500V and the power supply voltage of the control unit 50 is 24V, it is necessary to add high-voltage isolation driver chips and transformers and other devices to the circuit for the battery module 10 to supply power to the control unit 50, so as to convert the 1500V output by the battery module 10 into the 24V required by the control unit 50. This black start method requires the setting of a high-voltage to low-voltage circuit, which increases the cost of the energy storage system on the one hand, and on the other hand, the high-voltage to low-voltage circuit has safety hazards (such as insulation risks), which increases the safety risks of the energy storage system.
本申请实施例提供一种储能系统，可以实现黑启动功能，而且，电路结构简单，启动更加可靠，成本也较低。The embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system that can realize a black start function, and has a simple circuit structure, more reliable start-up, and lower cost.
具体地，请参阅图3，图3是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图，如图3所示，储能系统100还包括第一开关60，第一开关60连接于开关单元30的第一端与开关单元30的第二端之间。第一开关60可以被手动闭合，闭合以后，第一开关60处于导通状态，电池模组10与储能变流器20的直流连接端建立连接，电池模组10经第一开关60向储能变流器20输出第一直流电能。第一开关60的控制端还可以与控制单元50的第二输出端连接，控制单元50可以经其第二输出端输出低电平信号，以控制第一开关60断开。Specifically, please refer to FIG3, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the energy storage systems provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG3, the energy storage system 100 further includes a first switch 60, and the first switch 60 is connected between the first end of the switch unit 30 and the second end of the switch unit 30. The first switch 60 can be manually closed. After closing, the first switch 60 is in a conducting state, and the battery module 10 is connected to the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, and the battery module 10 outputs the first DC power to the energy storage converter 20 via the first switch 60. The control end of the first switch 60 can also be connected to the second output end of the control unit 50, and the control unit 50 can output a low-level signal via its second output end to control the first switch 60 to be disconnected.
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一开关60选择具有分励脱扣功能的切换开关。控制单元50输出的低电平信号具体作用于第一开关60的脱扣装置，使得脱扣装置动作，进而使得第一开关60断开。若脱扣功能失效，还可以手动断开第一开关60，确保系统可靠性和稳定性。In some embodiments of the present application, the first switch 60 selects a switch with a shunt tripping function. The low-level signal output by the control unit 50 specifically acts on the tripping device of the first switch 60, so that the tripping device is actuated, thereby disconnecting the first switch 60. If the tripping function fails, the first switch 60 can also be manually disconnected to ensure system reliability and stability.
当储能系统需要黑启动时，开关单元30处于断开状态，手动闭合第一开关60，第一开关60导通，电池模组10接通储能变流器20的直流连接端，且电池模组10经第一开关60向储能变流器20输出第一直流电能，储能变流器20将第一直流电能转换为第一交流电能，并将第一交流电能输出至AC/DC变换器40，AC/DC变换器40将第一交流电能转换为第二直流电能，并将第二直流电能输出至控制单元50的供电端，使得控制单元50接收第二直流电能，并上电启动。即电池模组10经第一开关60、储能变流器20以及AC/DC变换器40为控制单元50供电，控制单元50上电启动。控制单元50上电启动以后，控制单元50再经其第一输出端输出第一控制信号控制开关单元30导通，储能系统100完成启动操作。When the energy storage system needs a black start, the switch unit 30 is in the disconnected state, the first switch 60 is manually closed, the first switch 60 is turned on, the battery module 10 is connected to the DC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, and the battery module 10 outputs the first DC power to the energy storage converter 20 through the first switch 60, the energy storage converter 20 converts the first DC power into the first AC power, and outputs the first AC power to the AC/DC converter 40, the AC/DC converter 40 converts the first AC power into the second DC power, and outputs the second DC power to the power supply end of the control unit 50, so that the control unit 50 receives the second DC power and powers on. That is, the battery module 10 supplies power to the control unit 50 through the first switch 60, the energy storage converter 20 and the AC/DC converter 40, and the control unit 50 powers on. After the control unit 50 is powered on, the control unit 50 outputs the first control signal through its first output end to control the switch unit 30 to turn on, and the energy storage system 100 completes the startup operation.
储能系统100完成启动操作后，控制单元50再经其第二输出端输出第二控制信号控制第一开关60断开，电池模组10经开关单元30接通储能变流器20的直流连接端，使得电池模组10继续经开关单元30、储能变流器20以及AC/DC变换器40为控制单元50供电，使得控制单元50保持正常工作状态。After the energy storage system 100 completes the startup operation, the control unit 50 outputs a second control signal through its second output terminal to control the first switch 60 to disconnect, and the battery module 10 is connected to the DC connection terminal of the energy storage inverter 20 through the switch unit 30, so that the battery module 10 continues to power the control unit 50 through the switch unit 30, the energy storage inverter 20 and the AC/DC converter 40, so that the control unit 50 maintains a normal working state.
控制单元50在控制第一开关60断开时，可以远程脱扣第一开关60，确保不影响储能系统100中直流侧上下电功能，若第一开关60的远程脱扣功能失效，可以手动断开第一开关60，确保系统可靠性和稳定性。若不断开第一开关60，仅仅断开开关单元30，在电池模组10或储能变流器20出现异常时，则无法断开电池模组10与储能变流器20之间的电连接。When the control unit 50 controls the first switch 60 to be disconnected, the first switch 60 can be remotely tripped to ensure that the DC power-on and power-off functions in the energy storage system 100 are not affected. If the remote tripping function of the first switch 60 fails, the first switch 60 can be manually disconnected to ensure system reliability and stability. If the first switch 60 is not disconnected and only the switch unit 30 is disconnected, when an abnormality occurs in the battery module 10 or the energy storage converter 20, the electrical connection between the battery module 10 and the energy storage converter 20 cannot be disconnected.
由此，本申请实施例中的储能系统100通过并联于开关单元30两端的第一开关60，以实现黑启动功能，电路结构简单，成本也较低，并且通过手动闭合第一开关60，以启动储能系统100，启动更加可靠，更加安全。Therefore, the energy storage system 100 in the embodiment of the present application realizes the black start function by connecting the first switch 60 in parallel at both ends of the switch unit 30, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the energy storage system 100 is started by manually closing the first switch 60, so the startup is more reliable and safer.
在一些实施例中，请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图。如图4所示，在图3所示的储能系统100的基础上，储能系统100还包括不间断电源70，不间断电源70(Uni nterrupt ib l e Power Supp ly，UPS)连接于储能变流器20的交流连接端与AC/DC变换器40之间。具体地，不间断电源70的输入端连接储能变流器20的交流连接端，不间断电源70的输出端连接AC/DC变换器40的输入端。不间断电源70用于储存储能变流器20输出的电能，并为控制单元50供电。不间断电源70输出的电能为交流电，其具体的电压为地区规定的市电电压，如，中国的市电为220V，日本的市电为110V。In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the energy storage systems provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, based on the energy storage system 100 shown in FIG. 3, the energy storage system 100 further includes an uninterruptible power supply 70, and the uninterruptible power supply 70 (UPS) is connected between the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 and the AC/DC converter 40. Specifically, the input end of the uninterruptible power supply 70 is connected to the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20, and the output end of the uninterruptible power supply 70 is connected to the input end of the AC/DC converter 40. The uninterruptible power supply 70 is used to store the electric energy output by the energy storage converter 20 and to supply power to the control unit 50. The electric energy output by the uninterruptible power supply 70 is AC power, and its specific voltage is the mains voltage specified by the region, such as 220V for China's mains and 110V for Japan's mains.
具体地，当储能系统与外部公共电网的电连接断开或者外部公共电网停电时，且开关单元30处于断开状态，若不间断电源70有足够电量，则可以手动开启不间断电源70，不间断电源70输出第二交流电能至AC/DC变换器40，AC/DC变换器40将第二交流电能转换为第二直流电能，并将第二直流电能输出至控制单元50的供电端，控制单元50接收第二直流电能，并上电启动。控制单元50上电启动后，则经其第一输出端输出第一控制信号控制开关单元30导通，电池模组10经开关单元30向储能变流器20的直流连接端输出第一直流电能，储能变流器20将第一直流电能转换为第一交流电能，并经其交流连接端输出至不间断电源70的输入端，不间断电源70进行储能，并向AC/DC变换器40输出第二交流电能，AC/DC变换器40将第二交流电能转换为第二直流电能，并将第二直流电能输出至控制单元50的供电端，控制单元50接收第二直流电能，保持控制单元处于工作状态。Specifically, when the energy storage system is electrically connected to the external public power grid or the external public power grid is out of power, and the switch unit 30 is in the disconnected state, if the uninterruptible power supply 70 has sufficient power, the uninterruptible power supply 70 can be manually turned on, and the uninterruptible power supply 70 outputs the second AC power to the AC/DC converter 40. The AC/DC converter 40 converts the second AC power into second DC power, and outputs the second DC power to the power supply end of the control unit 50. The control unit 50 receives the second DC power and is powered on to start. After the control unit 50 is powered on and started, it outputs a first control signal through its first output terminal to control the switch unit 30 to be turned on. The battery module 10 outputs the first DC power to the DC connection terminal of the energy storage inverter 20 through the switch unit 30. The energy storage inverter 20 converts the first DC power into the first AC power and outputs it to the input terminal of the uninterruptible power supply 70 through its AC connection terminal. The uninterruptible power supply 70 stores energy and outputs the second AC power to the AC/DC converter 40. The AC/DC converter 40 converts the second AC power into the second DC power and outputs the second DC power to the power supply terminal of the control unit 50. The control unit 50 receives the second DC power and keeps the control unit in a working state.
若不间断电源70的电量不足，则手动闭合第一开关60，第一开关60导通，电池模组10经第一开关60向储能变流器20传输第一直流电能，储能变流器20将第一直流电能转换为第一交流电能，并经其交流连接端输出至不间断电源70的输入端，不间断电源70进行储能。不间断电源70的电量足够后，其向AC/DC变换器40输出第二交流电能，AC/DC变换器40将第二交流电能转换为第二直流电能，并将第二直流电能输出至控制单元50的供电端，控制单元50接收第二直流电能，并上电启动。即电池模组10经第一开关60、储能变流器20、不间断电源70以及AC/DC变换器40为控制单元50供电，控制单元50上电启动。If the power of the uninterruptible power supply 70 is insufficient, the first switch 60 is manually closed, the first switch 60 is turned on, the battery module 10 transmits the first DC power to the energy storage converter 20 via the first switch 60, the energy storage converter 20 converts the first DC power into the first AC power, and outputs it to the input end of the uninterruptible power supply 70 via its AC connection end, and the uninterruptible power supply 70 stores energy. When the power of the uninterruptible power supply 70 is sufficient, it outputs the second AC power to the AC/DC converter 40, the AC/DC converter 40 converts the second AC power into the second DC power, and outputs the second DC power to the power supply end of the control unit 50, the control unit 50 receives the second DC power, and is powered on and started. That is, the battery module 10 supplies power to the control unit 50 via the first switch 60, the energy storage converter 20, the uninterruptible power supply 70 and the AC/DC converter 40, and the control unit 50 is powered on and started.
由此，本申请实施例可通过有足够电量的不间断电源70实现另一种黑启动方式，并与通过第一开关60实现黑启动的方式兼容，而且，本申请实施例通过不间断电源70向控制单元50提供稳定的电压，确保控制单元50启动更加稳定。Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can realize another black start mode through an uninterruptible power supply 70 with sufficient power, and is compatible with the method of realizing black start through the first switch 60. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application provides a stable voltage to the control unit 50 through the uninterruptible power supply 70, ensuring that the control unit 50 starts more stably.
在一些实施例中，请参阅图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图。如图5所示，在图4所示的储能系统100的基础上，储能系统100还包括保护控制单元80，该保护控制单元80连接于电池模组10与储能变流器20的直流连接端之间，并与开关单元30串联连接。In some embodiments, please refer to FIG5 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the energy storage systems provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG5 , based on the energy storage system 100 shown in FIG4 , the energy storage system 100 further includes a protection control unit 80 , which is connected between the battery module 10 and the DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20 , and is connected in series with the switch unit 30 .
具体地，在第一种连接方式中，保护控制单元80连接于开关单元30与储能变流器20的直流连接端之间。在第二种连接方式中，保护控制单元80的第一端可以直接与电池模组10的输出端连接，保护控制单元80的第二端可以经开关单元30与储能变流器20的直流连接端连接。图5以第一种连接方式为例示出。Specifically, in the first connection mode, the protection control unit 80 is connected between the switch unit 30 and the DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20. In the second connection mode, the first end of the protection control unit 80 can be directly connected to the output end of the battery module 10, and the second end of the protection control unit 80 can be connected to the DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20 via the switch unit 30. FIG5 shows the first connection mode as an example.
在黑启动过程中，保护控制单元80控制电池模组10与储能变流器20之间的电连接。具体地，以图5所示的连接方式为例，在黑启动过程中，第一开关60或开关单元30导通时，若保护控制单元80导通，则电池模组10与储能变流器20之间的电连接接通，若保护控制单元80断开，则电池模组10与储能变流器20之间的电连接断开。During the black start process, the protection control unit 80 controls the electrical connection between the battery module 10 and the energy storage converter 20. Specifically, taking the connection mode shown in FIG. 5 as an example, during the black start process, when the first switch 60 or the switch unit 30 is turned on, if the protection control unit 80 is turned on, the electrical connection between the battery module 10 and the energy storage converter 20 is connected, and if the protection control unit 80 is disconnected, the electrical connection between the battery module 10 and the energy storage converter 20 is disconnected.
保护控制单元80还可以实现保护作用，其在储能系统100中的器件发生故障时，例如，储能变流器20故障时，可以断开保护控制单元80，以对储能系统100实现异常防护。The protection control unit 80 can also realize a protection function. When a device in the energy storage system 100 fails, for example, when the energy storage converter 20 fails, the protection control unit 80 can be disconnected to realize abnormal protection for the energy storage system 100.
保护控制单元80可以包括断路器或熔断器。并且，保护控制单元80可以通过手动闭合，以实现导通。The protection control unit 80 may include a circuit breaker or a fuse. Furthermore, the protection control unit 80 may be manually closed to achieve conduction.
由此，本申请实施例可通过保护控制单元80控制电池模组10与储能变流器20之间的电连接，还可以对储能系统100实现异常防护。Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can control the electrical connection between the battery module 10 and the energy storage converter 20 through the protection control unit 80, and can also implement abnormal protection for the energy storage system 100.
在一些实施例中，图5中的不间断电源70还可以省略，储能变流器20的交流连接端与AC/DC变换器40的输入端连接，该储能系统100的黑启动过程与图3所示的储能系统100相同，即该储能系统100通过导通第一开关60实现黑启动功能，其他工作过程，在此不再赘述。In some embodiments, the uninterruptible power supply 70 in Figure 5 can also be omitted, the AC connection end of the energy storage inverter 20 is connected to the input end of the AC/DC converter 40, and the black start process of the energy storage system 100 is the same as the energy storage system 100 shown in Figure 3, that is, the energy storage system 100 realizes the black start function by turning on the first switch 60, and other working processes are not repeated here.
在一些实施例中，请参阅图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的其中一种储能系统的结构示意图。如图6所示，在图5所示的储能系统100的基础上，储能系统100还包括断路器90，断路器90连接于储能变流器20的交流连接端与负载之间。In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the energy storage systems provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, based on the energy storage system 100 shown in Figure 5, the energy storage system 100 further includes a circuit breaker 90, which is connected between the AC connection terminal of the energy storage converter 20 and the load.
具体地，断路器90的第一端连接储能变流器20的交流连接端以及外部公共电网处的公共并网点，断路器90的第二端连接负载，断路器90的通断实现储能变流器20与负载的连接与断开。在储能系统100启动前，手动或远程断开断路器90，进而断开储能变流器20的交流连接端与负载之间的连接，使得储能变流器20输出的第一交流电能直接向AC/DC变换器40传输或者经不间断电源70向AC/DC变换器40传输，避免储能系统出现拉载现象，保证控制单元50能够可靠启动。在完成启动操作后，手动或远程闭合断路器90，接通储能变流器20的交流连接端与负载之间的连接，使得储能变流器20输出的第一交流电能分为两路，一路流入不间断电源70，以持续向控制单元50供电，一路流入负载，向负载供电。Specifically, the first end of the circuit breaker 90 is connected to the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 and the public grid connection point at the external public power grid, and the second end of the circuit breaker 90 is connected to the load. The on and off of the circuit breaker 90 realizes the connection and disconnection between the energy storage converter 20 and the load. Before the energy storage system 100 is started, the circuit breaker 90 is manually or remotely disconnected, and then the connection between the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 and the load is disconnected, so that the first AC power output by the energy storage converter 20 is directly transmitted to the AC/DC converter 40 or transmitted to the AC/DC converter 40 via the uninterruptible power supply 70, so as to avoid the load pulling phenomenon of the energy storage system and ensure that the control unit 50 can be reliably started. After completing the startup operation, the circuit breaker 90 is manually or remotely closed to connect the AC connection end of the energy storage converter 20 and the load, so that the first AC power output by the energy storage converter 20 is divided into two paths, one of which flows into the uninterruptible power supply 70 to continuously supply power to the control unit 50, and the other flows into the load to supply power to the load.
在本申请一些实施例中，外部公共电网停电后，储能系统与外部公共电网不再连接，储能系统与负载、发电设备(如光伏系统)形成内部离网系统，储能系统黑启动完成后，储能系统和发电设备可以向负载供电，储能变流器不再给电网供电，储能系统完成黑启动后，只在内部离网系统中实现电能传输，为负载供电。因此，在储能系统完成黑启动后，通过接通断路器90，储能系统经储能变流器20分别向负载以及控制单元50供电。In some embodiments of the present application, after the external public power grid is powered off, the energy storage system is no longer connected to the external public power grid, and the energy storage system, load, and power generation equipment (such as a photovoltaic system) form an internal off-grid system. After the energy storage system completes the black start, the energy storage system and the power generation equipment can supply power to the load, and the energy storage converter no longer supplies power to the grid. After the energy storage system completes the black start, it only realizes power transmission in the internal off-grid system to supply power to the load. Therefore, after the energy storage system completes the black start, by turning on the circuit breaker 90, the energy storage system supplies power to the load and the control unit 50 respectively through the energy storage converter 20.
由此，本申请实施例通过设置断路器90以及控制断路器90的工作状态，以保证控制单元50的可靠启动，以及在储能系统100可靠启动后，实现储能系统100与负载之间的电能传输，维持储能系统100的正常运行。Therefore, the embodiment of the present application sets the circuit breaker 90 and controls the working state of the circuit breaker 90 to ensure the reliable startup of the control unit 50, and after the energy storage system 100 is reliably started, realizes the power transmission between the energy storage system 100 and the load to maintain the normal operation of the energy storage system 100.
请参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的一种储能系统的启动方法，其中，储能系统包括电池模组、开关单元、储能变流器、不间断电源以及保护控制单元，储能系统的具体结构与具体的连接关系如图3所示，该启动方法S100包括：Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a method for starting an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the energy storage system includes a battery module, a switch unit, an energy storage converter, an uninterruptible power supply, and a protection control unit. The specific structure and specific connection relationship of the energy storage system are shown in FIG. 3 . The starting method S100 includes:
S101：闭合所述第一开关；S101: closing the first switch;
S102：所述电池模组经所述第一开关向所述储能变流器输出第一直流电能；S102: the battery module outputs a first direct current power to the energy storage converter via the first switch;
在需要黑启动时，可以手动闭合第一开关，第一开关导通，电池模组与储能变流器接通连接。电池模组经第一开关向储能变流器输出第一直流电能，由储能变流器的直流连接端接收直流电能。电流的走向为：电池模组→第一开关→储能变流器的直流连接端。When a black start is required, the first switch can be manually closed, the first switch is turned on, and the battery module is connected to the energy storage converter. The battery module outputs the first DC power to the energy storage converter via the first switch, and the DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter receives the DC power. The direction of the current is: battery module → first switch → DC connection terminal of the energy storage converter.
S103：所述储能变流器将所述第一直流电能转换为第一交流电能。S103: The energy storage converter converts the first DC power into first AC power.
S104：所述AC/DC变换器将所述第一交流电能转换为第二直流电能。S104: The AC/DC converter converts the first alternating current power into second direct current power.
储能变流器通过其交流连接端向AC/DC变换器输出第一交流电能，AC/DC变换器执行交流转直流以及降压的操作，得到第二直流电能。AC/DC变换器再将第二直流电能输出至控制单元的供电端，以为控制单元供电。电流的走向为：储能变流器的交流连接端→AC/DC变换器→控制单元的供电端。The energy storage converter outputs the first AC power to the AC/DC converter through its AC connection terminal. The AC/DC converter performs AC-to-DC conversion and voltage reduction operations to obtain the second DC power. The AC/DC converter then outputs the second DC power to the power supply terminal of the control unit to power the control unit. The current flow is: AC connection terminal of the energy storage converter → AC/DC converter → power supply terminal of the control unit.
S105：所述控制单元接收所述第二直流电能，上电启动。S105: The control unit receives the second DC power and powers on to start.
S106：所述控制单元向所述开关单元发送第一控制信号，控制所述开关单元导通。S106: The control unit sends a first control signal to the switch unit to control the switch unit to be turned on.
控制单元接收第二直流电能，上电启动，在第一开关导通期间，电流的完整走向为：电池模组→第一开关→储能变流器→AC/DC变换器—控制单元的供电端。The control unit receives the second DC power and is powered on to start. During the conduction period of the first switch, the complete flow of the current is: battery module → first switch → energy storage converter → AC/DC converter - power supply end of the control unit.
控制单元启动以后，控制单元向开关单元发送第一控制信号，第一控制信号可以为高电平信号，以控制开关单元导通，储能系统完成黑启动。After the control unit is started, the control unit sends a first control signal to the switch unit. The first control signal may be a high-level signal to control the switch unit to be turned on, and the energy storage system completes a black start.
由此，本申请实施例中的储能系统的启动方法可通过导通第一开关，使得电池模组为控制单元供电，进而使得储能系统实现黑启动功能，操作方法简单、可靠，提高储能系统黑启动的稳定性。Therefore, the starting method of the energy storage system in the embodiment of the present application can realize the black start function of the energy storage system by turning on the first switch so that the battery module supplies power to the control unit. The operation method is simple and reliable, and the stability of the black start of the energy storage system is improved.
在一些实施例中，为了保证储能系统的可靠地实现黑启动，在控制单元向开关单元发送第一控制信号，控制其导通后，控制单元还可以向第一开关发送第二控制信号，控制第一开关断开，防止第一开关与开关单元均导通时，若电池模组10发生异常或储能变流器20发生异常时，无法断开电池模组10与储能变流器20之间的电连接。In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the energy storage system can reliably achieve black start, after the control unit sends a first control signal to the switch unit to control it to be turned on, the control unit may also send a second control signal to the first switch to control the first switch to be disconnected, so as to prevent the electrical connection between the battery module 10 and the energy storage inverter 20 from being unable to be disconnected when the first switch and the switch unit are both turned on and an abnormality occurs in the battery module 10 or the energy storage inverter 20.
控制单元控制第一开关断开后，电流的完整走向为：电池模组→开关单元→储能变流器→AC/DC变换器→控制单元的供电端。After the control unit controls the first switch to be disconnected, the complete flow of the current is: battery module → switch unit → energy storage converter → AC/DC converter → power supply end of the control unit.
在一些实施例中，储能系统还包括断路器，储能系统的具体结构与具体的连接关系如图6所示，外界公共电网停电后，储能系统与公共电网不再连接，储能系统与负载、发电设备形成内部离网系统，储能系统和发电设备可以向负载供电。在储能系统黑启动时，为了防止电池模组输出的电能无法满足负载所需的功率，出现拉载的现象，在闭合第一开关之前，手动断开断路器，以断开储能变流器与负载之间的连接，保证储能变流器输出的第一交流电能为控制单元供电，保证控制单元可靠地启动，可靠地实现黑启动。In some embodiments, the energy storage system also includes a circuit breaker. The specific structure and specific connection relationship of the energy storage system are shown in FIG6. After the external public power grid is powered off, the energy storage system is no longer connected to the public power grid. The energy storage system, the load, and the power generation equipment form an internal off-grid system, and the energy storage system and the power generation equipment can supply power to the load. When the energy storage system is black-started, in order to prevent the power output by the battery module from failing to meet the power required by the load and causing the load to be pulled, before closing the first switch, the circuit breaker is manually disconnected to disconnect the connection between the energy storage converter and the load, to ensure that the first AC power output by the energy storage converter supplies power to the control unit, to ensure that the control unit is reliably started, and to reliably achieve black start.
在控制单元向第一开关发送第二控制信号，控制第一开关断开之后，储能系统完成启动操作，储能系统与负载建立连接，进入正常运行状态。After the control unit sends the second control signal to the first switch to control the first switch to be disconnected, the energy storage system completes the startup operation, establishes a connection with the load, and enters a normal operating state.
具体地，如图8所示，该启动方法S100还包括：Specifically, as shown in FIG8 , the startup method S100 further includes:
S107：控制所述储能变流器停止输出交流电能；S107: Controlling the energy storage converter to stop outputting AC power;
S108：闭合所述断路器；S108: closing the circuit breaker;
S109：控制所述储能变流器重新输出交流电能。S109: Control the energy storage converter to output AC power again.
在断开断路器，控制单元可靠地启动以后，首先控制储能变流器停止输出交流电能，此时，由不间断电源向控制单元持续供电，然后再手动闭合断路器，接通储能变流器的交流连接端与负载的连接，最后再控制储能变流器重新输出交流电能，以向控制单元和负载供电。After the circuit breaker is disconnected and the control unit is reliably started, the energy storage inverter is first controlled to stop outputting AC power. At this time, the uninterruptible power supply continues to supply power to the control unit. Then the circuit breaker is manually closed to connect the AC connection end of the energy storage inverter with the load. Finally, the energy storage inverter is controlled to output AC power again to supply power to the control unit and the load.
由此，在控制单元可靠启动以后，本申请实施例再通过更改储能变流器与断路器的工作状态，控制电池模组与负载之间的电能传输。Therefore, after the control unit is reliably started, the embodiment of the present application controls the power transmission between the battery module and the load by changing the working status of the energy storage inverter and the circuit breaker.
在本申请的一些实施例中，储能变流器停止输出交流电能的时机可由控制单元控制。具体地，控制单元可以与储能变流器通信连接，控制单元获取断路器的状态检测信号，根据该状态检测信号确定断路器是否处于导通状态，若处于导通状态，则向储能变流器发送停止输出指令，储能变流器接收该停止输出指令以后，则停止输出交流电能。In some embodiments of the present application, the timing when the energy storage converter stops outputting AC power can be controlled by a control unit. Specifically, the control unit can be connected to the energy storage converter for communication, and the control unit obtains a state detection signal of the circuit breaker, determines whether the circuit breaker is in the on state according to the state detection signal, and sends a stop output instruction to the energy storage converter if the circuit breaker is in the on state, and after the energy storage converter receives the stop output instruction, it stops outputting AC power.
综上所述，该储能系统的启动方法可以通过导通第一开关的操作，使得电池模组为控制单元供电，实现储能系统的黑启动功能，并且，操作方法简单、可靠，提高储能系统黑启动的稳定性。In summary, the starting method of the energy storage system can realize the black start function of the energy storage system by turning on the first switch so that the battery module supplies power to the control unit. In addition, the operation method is simple and reliable, and the stability of the black start of the energy storage system is improved.
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本申请的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them. Under the idea of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order. It should be understood by ordinary technicians in this field that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410977197.8ACN118889613A (en) | 2024-07-19 | 2024-07-19 | Energy storage system, starting method and power supply system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410977197.8ACN118889613A (en) | 2024-07-19 | 2024-07-19 | Energy storage system, starting method and power supply system |
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| CN120546253A (en)* | 2025-07-25 | 2025-08-26 | 浙江晶科储能有限公司 | Energy storage system, power supply method of energy storage system, and power-consuming equipment |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN120546253A (en)* | 2025-07-25 | 2025-08-26 | 浙江晶科储能有限公司 | Energy storage system, power supply method of energy storage system, and power-consuming equipment |
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