技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及车辆悬架稳健性评估技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估方法及系统。The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle suspension robustness assessment, and more specifically, to a trailer suspension robustness assessment method and system.
背景技术Background Art
挂车悬架是连接挂车和牵引车的关键组件，用于支撑挂车的载重并确保挂车在行驶过程中的稳定性和舒适性。The trailer suspension is a key component connecting the trailer and the tractor. It is used to support the load of the trailer and ensure the stability and comfort of the trailer during driving.
当挂车在载物经过颠簸路段时，悬架部分会产生较大的拉拽力，而空气悬架中的空气弹簧部分在使用过程中，能够通过空气的压力变化有效的起到缓冲的作用，从而降低车辆的震动感和提高驾驶人员的感受，还能够有效的保证货物的稳定性，避免货物倾倒或损坏。When a trailer is carrying goods through a bumpy road, the suspension part will generate a large pulling force. The air spring part of the air suspension can effectively play a buffering role through changes in air pressure during use, thereby reducing the vibration of the vehicle and improving the driver's feeling. It can also effectively ensure the stability of the goods and prevent the goods from tipping over or being damaged.
而挂车悬架的要求较为严格，其中包括刚性、稳健性以及平顺性，在对空气悬架的稳健性进行评估时，往往只会检测在制动、加速或转弯时悬架的稳健性，但是，车辆在工作过程中，经过颠簸路段时由于车辆震动，且车头和车身的是通过悬架连接，车头和车身颠簸幅度不同会不断挤压空气悬架，从而影响空气悬架的稳定性，并且车辆在经过颠簸路段时，会不断撞击地面凹陷部分的内壁，导致悬架受到较大的横向推力，现有的悬架稳健性评估方法及系统不能对悬架受到横向推力时的数据进行采集并对悬架在颠簸时的稳健性进行评估，因此，需要提供一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估方法及系统。The requirements for trailer suspension are relatively strict, including rigidity, robustness and smoothness. When evaluating the robustness of air suspension, only the robustness of suspension during braking, acceleration or turning is often tested. However, when the vehicle passes through bumpy sections during operation, due to the vibration of the vehicle, and the front and body of the vehicle are connected by the suspension, the different bump amplitudes of the front and body of the vehicle will continuously squeeze the air suspension, thereby affecting the stability of the air suspension. When the vehicle passes through bumpy sections, it will continuously hit the inner wall of the concave part of the ground, causing the suspension to be subjected to a large lateral thrust. The existing suspension robustness evaluation method and system cannot collect data when the suspension is subjected to lateral thrust and evaluate the robustness of the suspension during bumps. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a trailer suspension robustness evaluation method and system.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估方法及系统。In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for evaluating the robustness of a trailer suspension.
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下的技术方案：To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估方法，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the robustness of a trailer suspension comprises the following steps:
将数据分析模块、温度检测模块、形变度检测模块的数据采集端安装在待评估悬架上，利用数据分析模块对悬架的受力数据进行采集，并对采集到的数据进行预处理；The data acquisition terminals of the data analysis module, the temperature detection module, and the deformation detection module are installed on the suspension to be evaluated, the force data of the suspension is collected by using the data analysis module, and the collected data is preprocessed;
在数据分析模块检测到悬架受到横向作用力时，将信号传输至温度检测模块，通过温度检测模块对悬架空气弹簧部分的温度进行检测并对检测到的数据进行记录，再将数据传输至评估模块；When the data analysis module detects that the suspension is subjected to lateral force, the signal is transmitted to the temperature detection module, the temperature of the air spring part of the suspension is detected by the temperature detection module, the detected data is recorded, and then the data is transmitted to the evaluation module;
利用形变度检测模块对车身以及车架的形变度进行检测，将检测的数据传输至数据分析模块，由数据分析模块对形变度数据进行处理，判断车架或车身是否发生变形，当车架和车身发生变形时则代表悬架不符合标准，当车架和车身未发生形变时则继续对数据进行分析，并将处理后的数据传输至评估模块；The deformation detection module is used to detect the deformation of the vehicle body and the frame, and the detected data is transmitted to the data analysis module. The data analysis module processes the deformation data to determine whether the frame or the body is deformed. When the frame and the body are deformed, it means that the suspension does not meet the standards. When the frame and the body are not deformed, the data is continued to be analyzed and the processed data is transmitted to the evaluation module;
评估模块接收来自温度检测模块以及数据分析模块的数据后，将接收到的数据与标准悬架在评估时得到的数据进行对比计算得到待评估悬架的稳健值，根据待评估悬架与标准悬架的稳健值比值评估待评估悬架的稳健性。After receiving the data from the temperature detection module and the data analysis module, the evaluation module compares the received data with the data obtained during the evaluation of the standard suspension to calculate the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated, and evaluates the robustness of the suspension to be evaluated based on the ratio of the robustness values of the suspension to be evaluated and the standard suspension.
一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估系统，包括：A trailer suspension robustness assessment system, comprising:
数据分析模块：用于获取测试车辆经过颠簸路段时，悬架空气弹簧部分的横向受力大小，得到车辆在颠簸路段行驶时悬架空气弹簧部分横向受力数据；Data analysis module: used to obtain the lateral force of the suspension air spring part when the test vehicle passes through the bumpy road section, and obtain the lateral force data of the suspension air spring part when the vehicle is driving on the bumpy road section;
在悬架空气弹簧部分因震动伸缩时，获取悬架空气弹簧部分因摩擦产生的温度数据；When the air spring part of the suspension expands and contracts due to vibration, the temperature data of the air spring part of the suspension generated by friction is obtained;
根据悬架伸缩状态获取测试车辆通过颠簸路段时悬架的伸缩次数以及空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩值；According to the suspension extension and retraction state, the extension and retraction times of the suspension and the extension and retraction value of the air spring extension part are obtained when the test vehicle passes through a bumpy road section;
评估模块：将不同速度下车辆载重和空载时空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩频率以及伸缩度数据与标准数据进行对比，评估空气弹簧伸缩部分在不同情况下的稳健性。Evaluation module: Compare the expansion and contraction frequency and extension degree data of the air spring expansion and contraction part when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded at different speeds with the standard data to evaluate the robustness of the air spring expansion and contraction part under different conditions.
进一步的，数据分析模块包括：Furthermore, the data analysis module includes:
数据采集单元：根据车辆不同载重时处于不同速度的情况下，对持续颠簸过程中悬架的横向受力数据进行采集，得到车辆行驶时悬架横向受力数据；Data acquisition unit: collects the lateral force data of the suspension during continuous bumping when the vehicle is at different speeds and at different loads, and obtains the lateral force data of the suspension when the vehicle is traveling;
对空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩度以及伸缩次数数据进行采集，得到车辆载重和空载时空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩度和伸缩频率数据；Collect the data of the extension and retraction degree and the number of extension and retraction times of the air spring extension part to obtain the data of the extension and retraction degree and the frequency of extension and retraction times of the air spring extension part when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded;
数据处理单元：用于对车辆载重和空载情况下处于持续颠簸状态时悬架中空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩频率进行分析，并对车辆载重和空载时空气弹簧伸缩部分伸缩度的数据进行分析；Data processing unit: used to analyze the expansion and contraction frequency of the air spring expansion and contraction part of the suspension when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded and in a continuous bumpy state, and to analyze the expansion and contraction data of the air spring expansion and contraction part of the vehicle when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded;
根据数据采集模块采集的数据将空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩信号制成时域图形，并将空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩频率通过傅里叶变换成频谱图，分析悬架横向受力大小对空气弹簧伸缩部分的影响。According to the data collected by the data acquisition module, the expansion and contraction signal of the expansion and contraction part of the air spring is made into a time domain graph, and the expansion and contraction frequency of the expansion and contraction part of the air spring is transformed into a spectrum diagram through Fourier transform to analyze the influence of the lateral force of the suspension on the expansion and contraction part of the air spring.
进一步的，温度检测模块：用于根据数据采集模块采集的振动数据监测空气弹簧伸缩部分震动时的温度，在空气弹簧伸缩部分伸缩过程中对空气弹簧伸缩部分的温度数据进行采集；Further, the temperature detection module is used to monitor the temperature of the telescopic part of the air spring when it vibrates according to the vibration data collected by the data collection module, and collect the temperature data of the telescopic part of the air spring during the telescopic process of the air spring;
根据采集的温度数据，对温度的变化进行记录并形成波形图，再将数据传输至数据处理单元。According to the collected temperature data, the temperature change is recorded and a waveform diagram is formed, and then the data is transmitted to the data processing unit.
进一步的，形变度检测模块：在颠簸时对车辆车身以及车架的形变程度进行监测；Furthermore, the deformation detection module: monitors the deformation degree of the vehicle body and frame during bumps;
根据监测数据得到车辆平稳行驶时，车身以及车架受到悬架连接处挤压时的形变程度，并根据检测数据得到车辆颠簸时，车身以及车架受到悬架连接处挤压时的形变程度；The degree of deformation of the vehicle body and frame when squeezed by the suspension connection when the vehicle is running smoothly is obtained according to the monitoring data, and the degree of deformation of the vehicle body and frame when squeezed by the suspension connection when the vehicle is bumpy is obtained according to the detection data;
对车身以及车架形变后的复原数据进行记录，以及，在车架或车身形变后对其复原程度进行检测，并将数据传输至数据处理单元。The recovery data of the vehicle body and the frame after deformation are recorded, and the degree of recovery of the frame or the vehicle body after deformation is detected, and the data are transmitted to the data processing unit.
进一步的，数据采集单元采集的悬架横向受力数据包括车辆水平直线运动颠簸时悬架受到的横向冲击力；Furthermore, the suspension lateral force data collected by the data collection unit includes the lateral impact force received by the suspension when the vehicle moves horizontally and linearly and bumps;
以及，采集车辆在经过倾斜路段时或紧急变道时悬架受到来自侧面的横向冲击力；Also, collect the lateral impact force on the suspension of the vehicle when passing through an inclined section or making an emergency lane change;
并根据冲击力方向不同时对悬架空气弹簧部分的伸缩次数以及悬架空气弹簧部分伸缩值进行采集。The expansion and contraction times and expansion and contraction values of the suspension air spring are collected according to the different directions of the impact force.
进一步的，数据处理单元根据数据采集单元采集的数据进行清洗、转换和标准化，并将采集的数据与标准数据进行对比，包括以下步骤：Further, the data processing unit cleans, converts and standardizes the data collected by the data collection unit, and compares the collected data with the standard data, including the following steps:
数据处理单元通过车辆速度与车辆载重关系，计算在不同车速或载重时车辆悬架受到的横向冲击力，并通过线性模型计算构建函数图形；The data processing unit calculates the lateral impact force on the vehicle suspension at different vehicle speeds or loads through the relationship between the vehicle speed and the vehicle load, and constructs a function graph through linear model calculation;
根据车辆受到不同横向冲击力时，计算横向冲击力对悬架伸缩频率以及伸缩值的影响，通过神经网络模型计算构建函数图形；When the vehicle is subjected to different lateral impact forces, the influence of the lateral impact force on the suspension expansion frequency and expansion value is calculated, and the function graph is constructed through the neural network model calculation;
在待评估悬架受到正面的横向冲击力时将待评估悬架的伸缩频率以及伸缩度与标准悬架受到正面的横向冲击力时的伸缩频率以及伸缩度进行对比，得到对比数据；When the suspension to be evaluated is subjected to a frontal lateral impact force, the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the suspension to be evaluated are compared with the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the standard suspension when the suspension to be evaluated is subjected to a frontal lateral impact force, to obtain comparative data;
在待评估悬架同时受到正面和侧面的横向冲击力时将待评估悬架的伸缩频率以及伸缩度与标准悬架同时受到正面和侧面横向冲击力时的伸缩频率以及伸缩度进行对比，得到对比数据。When the suspension to be evaluated is subjected to frontal and lateral impact forces at the same time, the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the suspension to be evaluated are compared with the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the standard suspension when they are subjected to frontal and lateral impact forces at the same time to obtain comparative data.
进一步的，数据处理单元通过以下公式将车身和车架的形变数据以及复原数据进行对比判断车身和车架是否损坏：Furthermore, the data processing unit compares the deformation data and the restored data of the vehicle body and the frame to determine whether the vehicle body and the frame are damaged by using the following formula:
； ;
其中P为形变差值，Lmax为车架形变总量，Lfou为车辆荷载并处于静止或稳定行驶时车架或车身的基础形变量，K0为车身或车架形变后的恢复量；Where P is the deformation difference, Lmax is the total deformation of the frame, Lfou is the basic deformation of the frame or body when the vehicle is loaded and at rest or in stable driving, and K0 is the recovery amount of the body or frame after deformation;
将获取的形变差值传输至评估模块，由评估模块对车身或车架的状态进行评估：The acquired deformation difference is transmitted to the evaluation module, which evaluates the status of the vehicle body or frame:
当P等于1时，车身或车架处于完好状态；When P is equal to 1, the vehicle body or frame is in good condition;
当P不等于1时，车身或车架处于变形且处于损坏状态。When P is not equal to 1, the vehicle body or frame is deformed and in a damaged state.
进一步的，评估模块接收数据处理单元、温度检测模块的检测数据通过以下公式对待评估悬架的稳健性数值进行计算：Furthermore, the evaluation module receives the detection data from the data processing unit and the temperature detection module and calculates the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated by using the following formula:
； ;
其中，Q为待评估悬架的稳健性数值，Fi为待评估悬架经过颠簸路面时的颠簸频率，F0为标准悬架在经过颠簸路段时的颠簸频率，Ci为待评估悬架在经过颠簸路面空气弹簧部分伸缩时的温度，C0为标准悬架在经过颠簸路面空气弹簧部分伸缩时的温度，Lmax为每次悬架空气弹簧部分收缩时的最大值，Lload为车辆在荷载过程中处于静止状态或平稳行驶状态时悬架空气弹簧部分的基础伸缩值，（Lmax-Lload）i为车辆在荷载过程中发生颠簸时空气弹簧部分增加的收缩值，L0为标准悬架在荷载时空气弹簧部分增加的收缩值。Among them, Q is the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated,Fi is the bump frequency of the suspension to be evaluated when it passes through a bumpy road,F0 is the bump frequency of the standard suspension when it passes through a bumpy section,Ci is the temperature of the air spring part of the suspension to be evaluated when it passes through a bumpy road,C0 is the temperature of the air spring part of the standard suspension when it passes through a bumpy road,Lmax is the maximum value of each contraction of the suspension air spring part,Lload is the basic expansion value of the suspension air spring part when the vehicle is at rest or driving steadily during the load process, (Lmax -Lload )i is the increased contraction value of the air spring part when the vehicle is bumpy during the load process, andL0 is the increased contraction value of the air spring part of the standard suspension when loaded.
进一步的，评估模块根据计算出的待评估悬架稳健性数值与标准悬架计算出的稳健性数值进行对比，Furthermore, the evaluation module compares the calculated robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated with the robustness value calculated by the standard suspension.
当待评估悬架的稳健性数值与标准悬架的稳健性数值比值位于可允许误差范围内时，待评估悬架的稳健性处于合格状态；When the ratio of the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated to the robustness value of the standard suspension is within the allowable error range, the robustness of the suspension to be evaluated is in a qualified state;
当待评估悬架的稳健性数值与标准悬架的稳健性数值比值位于超出可允许误差范围内时，待评估悬架的稳健性处于不合格状态。When the ratio of the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated to the robustness value of the standard suspension is beyond the allowable error range, the robustness of the suspension to be evaluated is in an unqualified state.
相比于现有技术，本发明的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
（1）本发明通过数据分析模块能够在车辆处于不同速度和载重时，对悬架的横向受力数据进行采集并处理，在通过采集空气弹簧部分的形变频率以及空气弹簧的伸缩度判断悬架横向受力时对空气弹簧的影响，通过评估模块将采集的数据与标准悬架的各项数据进行对比，通过对比值判断是否属于合格范围内，评估悬架在颠簸路段时的稳健性，避免悬架在颠簸路段时受到横向冲击力的影响导致悬挂缓冲效果降低，影响车辆的安全性。(1) The present invention can collect and process the lateral force data of the suspension when the vehicle is at different speeds and loads through the data analysis module, and judge the influence of the lateral force on the air spring by collecting the deformation frequency of the air spring part and the expansion and contraction degree of the air spring. The collected data is compared with various data of the standard suspension through the evaluation module, and it is judged whether it is within the qualified range through the comparison value, and the robustness of the suspension on the bumpy road section is evaluated to avoid the suspension being affected by the lateral impact force on the bumpy road section, resulting in a reduction in the suspension buffering effect and affecting the safety of the vehicle.
（2）本发明通过温度检测模块能够对空气弹簧伸缩时的温度进行检测，通过检测空气弹簧的温度可判断空气弹簧的状态，避免空气弹簧温度过高导致行驶过程中金属部件强度降低和导致空气弹簧弹性降低的情况出现，在对悬挂进行评估时，判断温度对空气弹簧振动频率以及伸缩值的影响。(2) The present invention can detect the temperature of the air spring when it is extended and retracted through the temperature detection module. By detecting the temperature of the air spring, the state of the air spring can be determined to avoid the situation where the air spring temperature is too high, which leads to a decrease in the strength of metal parts and a decrease in the elasticity of the air spring during driving. When evaluating the suspension, the influence of temperature on the vibration frequency and extension value of the air spring can be determined.
（3）本发明通过形变度检测模块能够判断车身和车架与悬架连接处的形变程度，当车身或车架变形时则表示悬架缓冲效果不符合标准。(3) The present invention can determine the degree of deformation of the connection between the vehicle body and the frame and the suspension through the deformation detection module. When the vehicle body or the frame is deformed, it means that the suspension buffering effect does not meet the standard.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的系统框架示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a system framework of the present invention;
图2为本发明的评估方法流程示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the evaluation method of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述；显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
请参阅图1至图2，一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估方法，包括以下步骤：Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a method for evaluating the robustness of a trailer suspension includes the following steps:
将数据分析模块、温度检测模块、形变度检测模块的数据采集端安装在待评估悬架上，利用数据分析模块对悬架的受力数据进行采集，并对采集到的数据进行预处理；The data acquisition terminals of the data analysis module, the temperature detection module, and the deformation detection module are installed on the suspension to be evaluated, the force data of the suspension is collected by using the data analysis module, and the collected data is preprocessed;
在数据分析模块检测到悬架受到横向作用力时，将信号传输至温度检测模块，通过温度检测模块对悬架空气弹簧部分的温度进行检测并对检测到的数据进行记录，再将数据传输至评估模块；When the data analysis module detects that the suspension is subjected to lateral force, the signal is transmitted to the temperature detection module, the temperature of the air spring part of the suspension is detected by the temperature detection module, the detected data is recorded, and then the data is transmitted to the evaluation module;
利用形变度检测模块对车身以及车架的形变度进行检测，将检测的数据传输至数据分析模块，由数据分析模块对形变度数据进行处理，判断车架或车身是否发生变形，当车架和车身发生变形时则代表悬架不符合标准，当车架和车身未发生形变时则继续对数据进行分析，并将处理后的数据传输至评估模块；The deformation detection module is used to detect the deformation of the vehicle body and the frame, and the detected data is transmitted to the data analysis module. The data analysis module processes the deformation data to determine whether the frame or the body is deformed. When the frame and the body are deformed, it means that the suspension does not meet the standards. When the frame and the body are not deformed, the data is continued to be analyzed and the processed data is transmitted to the evaluation module;
评估模块接收来自温度检测模块以及数据分析模块的数据后，将接收到的数据与标准悬架在评估时得到的数据进行对比计算得到待评估悬架的稳健值，根据待评估悬架与标准悬架的稳健值比值评估待评估悬架的稳健性。After receiving the data from the temperature detection module and the data analysis module, the evaluation module compares the received data with the data obtained during the evaluation of the standard suspension to calculate the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated, and evaluates the robustness of the suspension to be evaluated based on the ratio of the robustness values of the suspension to be evaluated and the standard suspension.
一种挂车悬架的稳健性评估系统，包括：A trailer suspension robustness assessment system, comprising:
数据分析模块：用于获取测试车辆经过颠簸路段时，悬架空气弹簧部分的横向受力大小，得到车辆在颠簸路段行驶时悬架空气弹簧部分横向受力数据；Data analysis module: used to obtain the lateral force of the suspension air spring part when the test vehicle passes through the bumpy road section, and obtain the lateral force data of the suspension air spring part when the vehicle is driving on the bumpy road section;
在悬架空气弹簧部分因震动伸缩时，获取悬架空气弹簧部分因摩擦产生的温度数据；When the air spring part of the suspension expands and contracts due to vibration, the temperature data of the air spring part of the suspension generated by friction is obtained;
根据悬架伸缩状态获取测试车辆通过颠簸路段时悬架的伸缩次数以及空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩值；According to the suspension extension and retraction state, the extension and retraction times of the suspension and the extension and retraction value of the air spring extension part are obtained when the test vehicle passes through a bumpy road section;
评估模块：将不同速度下车辆载重和空载时空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩频率以及伸缩度数据与标准数据进行对比，评估空气弹簧伸缩部分在不同情况下的稳健性。Evaluation module: Compare the expansion and contraction frequency and extension degree data of the air spring expansion and contraction part when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded at different speeds with the standard data to evaluate the robustness of the air spring expansion and contraction part under different conditions.
数据分析模块包括：Data analysis modules include:
数据采集单元：根据车辆不同载重时处于不同速度的情况下，对持续颠簸过程中悬架的横向受力数据进行采集，得到车辆行驶时悬架横向受力数据；Data acquisition unit: collects the lateral force data of the suspension during continuous bumping when the vehicle is at different speeds and at different loads, and obtains the lateral force data of the suspension when the vehicle is traveling;
对空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩度以及伸缩次数数据进行采集，得到车辆载重和空载时空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩度和伸缩频率数据；Collect the data of the extension and retraction degree and the number of extension and retraction times of the air spring extension part to obtain the data of the extension and retraction degree and the frequency of extension and retraction times of the air spring extension part when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded;
数据处理单元：用于对车辆载重和空载情况下处于持续颠簸状态时悬架中空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩频率进行分析，并对车辆载重和空载时空气弹簧伸缩部分伸缩度的数据进行分析；Data processing unit: used to analyze the expansion and contraction frequency of the air spring expansion and contraction part of the suspension when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded and in a continuous bumpy state, and to analyze the expansion and contraction data of the air spring expansion and contraction part of the vehicle when the vehicle is loaded and unloaded;
根据数据采集模块采集的数据将空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩信号制成时域图形，并将空气弹簧伸缩部分的伸缩频率通过傅里叶变换成频谱图，分析悬架横向受力大小对空气弹簧伸缩部分的影响；The expansion and contraction signal of the expansion and contraction part of the air spring is made into a time domain graph according to the data collected by the data acquisition module, and the expansion and contraction frequency of the expansion and contraction part of the air spring is transformed into a spectrum graph through Fourier transformation to analyze the influence of the lateral force of the suspension on the expansion and contraction part of the air spring;
数据采集单元采集的悬架横向受力数据包括车辆水平直线运动颠簸时悬架受到的横向冲击力；The suspension lateral force data collected by the data acquisition unit includes the lateral impact force on the suspension when the vehicle moves horizontally and linearly and bumps;
以及，采集车辆在经过倾斜路段时或紧急变道时悬架受到来自侧面的横向冲击力；Also, collect the lateral impact force on the suspension of the vehicle when passing through an inclined section or making an emergency lane change;
并根据冲击力方向不同时对悬架空气弹簧部分的伸缩次数以及悬架空气弹簧部分伸缩值进行采集；The expansion and contraction times and expansion and contraction values of the suspension air spring part are collected according to different directions of the impact force;
数据处理单元根据数据采集单元采集的数据进行清洗、转换和标准化，并将采集的数据与标准数据进行对比，包括以下步骤：The data processing unit cleans, converts and standardizes the data collected by the data collection unit, and compares the collected data with the standard data, including the following steps:
数据处理单元通过车辆速度与车辆载重关系，计算在不同车速或载重时车辆悬架受到的横向冲击力，并通过线性模型计算构建函数图形；The data processing unit calculates the lateral impact force on the vehicle suspension at different vehicle speeds or loads through the relationship between the vehicle speed and the vehicle load, and constructs a function graph through linear model calculation;
根据车辆受到不同横向冲击力时，计算横向冲击力对悬架伸缩频率以及伸缩值的影响，通过神经网络模型计算构建函数图形；When the vehicle is subjected to different lateral impact forces, the influence of the lateral impact force on the suspension expansion frequency and expansion value is calculated, and the function graph is constructed through the neural network model calculation;
在待评估悬架受到正面的横向冲击力时将待评估悬架的伸缩频率以及伸缩度与标准悬架受到正面的横向冲击力时的伸缩频率以及伸缩度进行对比，得到对比数据；When the suspension to be evaluated is subjected to a frontal lateral impact force, the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the suspension to be evaluated are compared with the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the standard suspension when the suspension to be evaluated is subjected to a frontal lateral impact force, to obtain comparative data;
在待评估悬架同时受到正面和侧面的横向冲击力时将待评估悬架的伸缩频率以及伸缩度与标准悬架同时受到正面和侧面横向冲击力时的伸缩频率以及伸缩度进行对比，得到对比数据。When the suspension to be evaluated is subjected to frontal and lateral impact forces at the same time, the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the suspension to be evaluated are compared with the expansion and contraction frequency and expansion and contraction degree of the standard suspension when they are subjected to frontal and lateral impact forces at the same time to obtain comparative data.
通过采用上述技术方案，在车辆经过颠簸路段时对悬架受到的横向冲击力进行检测，并判断横向冲击力对悬架的影响，在悬架的空气弹簧受到横向力的阻碍时，对空气弹簧的伸缩频率进行检测，并且对空气弹簧的伸缩值进行检测，通过空气弹簧的伸缩频率可判断空气弹簧在测试过程中是否发生足够的形变次数，通过空气弹簧每次形变时的伸缩值结合伸缩频率可计算出空气弹簧在形变时有效起到缓冲的次数，再将制成的频谱图与标准悬架在评估过程中的频谱图进行对比，判断比值结果是否处于可允许范围内，进而评估悬架的稳健性是否合格。By adopting the above technical scheme, the lateral impact force on the suspension is detected when the vehicle passes through a bumpy road section, and the influence of the lateral impact force on the suspension is determined. When the air spring of the suspension is hindered by the lateral force, the expansion and contraction frequency of the air spring is detected, and the expansion and contraction value of the air spring is detected. The expansion and contraction frequency of the air spring can be used to determine whether the air spring has undergone a sufficient number of deformations during the test. The number of times the air spring effectively acts as a buffer during deformation can be calculated by combining the expansion and contraction value of the air spring at each deformation with the expansion and contraction frequency. The prepared spectrum diagram is then compared with the spectrum diagram of the standard suspension during the evaluation process to determine whether the ratio result is within the allowable range, thereby evaluating whether the robustness of the suspension is qualified.
温度检测模块：用于根据数据采集模块采集的振动数据监测空气弹簧伸缩部分震动时的温度，在空气弹簧伸缩部分伸缩过程中对空气弹簧伸缩部分的温度数据进行采集；Temperature detection module: used to monitor the temperature of the telescopic part of the air spring when it vibrates according to the vibration data collected by the data collection module, and collect the temperature data of the telescopic part of the air spring during the telescopic process of the air spring;
根据采集的温度数据，对温度的变化进行记录并形成波形图，再将数据传输至数据处理单元。According to the collected temperature data, the temperature change is recorded and a waveform diagram is formed, and then the data is transmitted to the data processing unit.
通过采用上述技术方案，利用温度检测模块对空气弹簧发生形变时的温度进行检测，并将空气弹簧的温度与标准悬架的空气弹簧温度进行对比，判断空气弹簧的温度是否处于合格区域，当悬架的温度不在合格范围内时，则被标记为不合格，当温度处于合格区域时，则将检测到的数据传输至评估模块，由评估模块对待评估悬架进行综合性评估。By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of the air spring when it is deformed is detected by the temperature detection module, and the temperature of the air spring is compared with the temperature of the air spring of the standard suspension to determine whether the temperature of the air spring is in a qualified range. When the temperature of the suspension is not within the qualified range, it is marked as unqualified. When the temperature is in the qualified range, the detected data is transmitted to the evaluation module, and the evaluation module performs a comprehensive evaluation on the suspension to be evaluated.
数据处理单元通过以下公式将车身和车架的形变数据以及复原数据进行对比判断车身和车架是否损坏：The data processing unit compares the deformation data and the restored data of the vehicle body and frame using the following formula to determine whether the vehicle body and frame are damaged:
； ;
其中P为形变差值，Lmax为车架形变总量，Lfou为车辆荷载并处于静止或稳定行驶时车架或车身的基础形变量，K0为车身或车架形变后的恢复量；Where P is the deformation difference, Lmax is the total deformation of the frame, Lfou is the basic deformation of the frame or body when the vehicle is loaded and at rest or in stable driving, and K0 is the recovery amount of the body or frame after deformation;
将获取的形变差值传输至评估模块，由评估模块对车身或车架的状态进行评估：The acquired deformation difference is transmitted to the evaluation module, which evaluates the status of the vehicle body or frame:
当P等于1时，车身或车架处于完好状态；When P is equal to 1, the vehicle body or frame is in good condition;
当P不等于1时，车身或车架处于变形且处于损坏状态。When P is not equal to 1, the vehicle body or frame is deformed and in a damaged state.
通过采用上述技术方案，由数据处理单元通过计算后，由评估模块判断车身或车架是否损坏，当车身或车架损坏时则代表悬架不合格，不能够有效的起到缓冲卸力作用，当车身或车架为损坏时，则对数据处理单元计算出的数据进行记录。By adopting the above technical solution, after calculation by the data processing unit, the evaluation module determines whether the vehicle body or frame is damaged. When the vehicle body or frame is damaged, it means that the suspension is unqualified and cannot effectively play a role in buffering and unloading. When the vehicle body or frame is damaged, the data calculated by the data processing unit is recorded.
评估模块接收数据处理单元、温度检测模块的检测数据通过以下公式对待评估悬架的稳健性数值进行计算：The evaluation module receives the detection data from the data processing unit and the temperature detection module and calculates the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated using the following formula:
； ;
其中，Q为待评估悬架的稳健性数值，Fi为待评估悬架经过颠簸路面时的颠簸频率，F0为标准悬架在经过颠簸路段时的颠簸频率，Ci为待评估悬架在经过颠簸路面空气弹簧部分伸缩时的温度，C0为标准悬架在经过颠簸路面空气弹簧部分伸缩时的温度，Lmax为每次悬架空气弹簧部分收缩时的最大值，Lload为车辆在荷载过程中处于静止状态或平稳行驶状态时悬架空气弹簧部分的基础伸缩值，（Lmax-Lload）i为车辆在荷载过程中发生颠簸时空气弹簧部分增加的收缩值，L0为标准悬架在荷载时空气弹簧部分增加的收缩值；Wherein, Q is the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated,Fi is the bump frequency of the suspension to be evaluated when it passes through a bumpy road,F0 is the bump frequency of the standard suspension when it passes through a bumpy road section,Ci is the temperature of the air spring part of the suspension to be evaluated when it passes through a bumpy road,C0 is the temperature of the air spring part of the standard suspension when it passes through a bumpy road,Lmax is the maximum value of each contraction of the suspension air spring part,Lload is the basic contraction value of the suspension air spring part when the vehicle is in a stationary state or a stable driving state during the load process, (Lmax -Lload )i is the increased contraction value of the air spring part when the vehicle is bumpy during the load process, andL0 is the increased contraction value of the air spring part of the standard suspension when it is loaded;
评估模块根据计算出的待评估悬架稳健性数值与标准悬架计算出的稳健性数值进行对比，The evaluation module compares the calculated robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated with the robustness value calculated by the standard suspension.
当待评估悬架的稳健性数值与标准悬架的稳健性数值比值位于可允许误差范围内时，待评估悬架的稳健性处于合格状态；When the ratio of the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated to the robustness value of the standard suspension is within the allowable error range, the robustness of the suspension to be evaluated is in a qualified state;
当待评估悬架的稳健性数值与标准悬架的稳健性数值比值位于超出可允许误差范围内时，待评估悬架的稳健性处于不合格状态。When the ratio of the robustness value of the suspension to be evaluated to the robustness value of the standard suspension is beyond the allowable error range, the robustness of the suspension to be evaluated is in an unqualified state.
通过采用上述技术方案，评估模块综合悬架空气弹簧部分的振动频率、伸缩值、空气弹簧伸缩时的温度对悬架进行评估，通过多项数据叠加对比，并取平均值得到评估值，再将得到的评估值与标准悬架得到的评估值进行对比，从而判断待评估悬架是否合格。By adopting the above technical solution, the evaluation module comprehensively evaluates the suspension based on the vibration frequency, expansion value, and temperature of the air spring of the suspension. The evaluation value is obtained by superimposing and comparing multiple data and taking the average value. The obtained evaluation value is then compared with the evaluation value obtained by the standard suspension to determine whether the suspension to be evaluated is qualified.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式；但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其改进构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved conception within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN202411361205.2ACN118883105B (en) | 2024-09-27 | 2024-09-27 | Robustness assessment method and system for trailer suspension |
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| CN202411361205.2ACN118883105B (en) | 2024-09-27 | 2024-09-27 | Robustness assessment method and system for trailer suspension |
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