技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于发酵搅拌技术领域，尤其涉及一种磁流变液柔性搅拌装置、搅拌器及其控制方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of fermentation stirring, and in particular relates to a magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device, a stirrer and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background Art
搅拌在发酵过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用，充分的搅拌使得罐内物料更好地混合，增加发酵物与微生物的接触，从而提高产气效率。Stirring plays an indispensable role in the fermentation process. Sufficient stirring allows the materials in the tank to be better mixed, increases the contact between the fermented materials and microorganisms, and thus improves the gas production efficiency.
传统搅拌多采用刚性搅拌轴，在搅拌过程中尖锐形状搅拌轴具有较强的剪切力，处于切向流中的微生物会受到较强的剪切力，导致微生物损伤。公开号为CN209438417U专利公开了一种用于烧瓶的搅拌器单元的柔性搅拌装置。通过柔性搅拌装置可减小搅拌过程中产生的剪切力，并且柔性搅拌装置大小可不受瓶口尺寸限制，有效增大了搅拌区域。但由于其搅拌轴结构简单、搅拌方式单一，仍存在搅拌死区问题。Traditional stirring mostly uses a rigid stirring shaft. During the stirring process, the sharp-shaped stirring shaft has a strong shear force. Microorganisms in the tangential flow will be subjected to a strong shear force, resulting in microbial damage. Patent publication number CN209438417U discloses a flexible stirring device for a stirrer unit of a flask. The shear force generated during the stirring process can be reduced by the flexible stirring device, and the size of the flexible stirring device is not limited by the size of the bottle mouth, which effectively increases the stirring area. However, due to the simple structure of the stirring shaft and the single stirring method, there is still a problem of stirring dead zone.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，克服以上背景技术中提到的不足和缺陷，提供一种可减小搅拌过程中产生的剪切力、且避免在搅拌过程中产生死区的磁流变液柔性搅拌装置、搅拌器及其控制方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a flexible stirring device, a stirrer and a control method for magnetorheological fluid that can reduce the shear force generated during the stirring process and avoid the generation of dead zones during the stirring process.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案为：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:
一种磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，所述搅拌装置用于发酵搅拌中，包括搅拌轴、磁流变液柔性桨叶和电磁控制单元，磁流变液柔性桨叶由柔性外套和填充在柔性外套内的磁流变液组成，其中，磁流变液柔性桨叶固定于搅拌轴上，电磁控制单元通过改变电流的大小和方向进而控制磁场强度及方向从而改变磁流变液柔性桨叶的形态和硬度。A magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device is used in fermentation stirring, comprising a stirring shaft, a magnetorheological fluid flexible blade and an electromagnetic control unit. The magnetorheological fluid flexible blade consists of a flexible outer jacket and magnetorheological fluid filled in the flexible outer jacket, wherein the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade is fixed on the stirring shaft, and the electromagnetic control unit controls the magnetic field strength and direction by changing the magnitude and direction of the current, thereby changing the shape and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade.
在一实施方式中，所述磁流变液柔性桨叶的形变量和硬度随磁场强度变大而变大。In one embodiment, the deformation amount and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade increase as the magnetic field intensity increases.
在一实施方式中，所述搅拌轴包括呈弯折或弯曲形态的搅拌棒和套设在搅拌棒上的柔性轴套。In one embodiment, the stirring shaft includes a stirring rod in a bent or curved state and a flexible shaft sleeve sleeved on the stirring rod.
在一实施方式中，所述搅拌棒至少在2个不同位置处形成弯折或弯曲形态。In one embodiment, the stirring rod is bent or curved at least at two different positions.
在一实施方式中，所述搅拌轴在轴向方向设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶，或在径向方向设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶，或在轴向方向和径向方向均设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶。In one embodiment, the stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades in the axial direction, or a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades in the radial direction, or a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades in both the axial direction and the radial direction.
在一实施方式中，在多片磁流变液柔性桨叶中，不同磁流变液柔性桨叶内填充的磁流变液极性不同，不同磁流变液柔性桨叶的形状不同。In one embodiment, among the plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades, different magnetorheological fluid flexible blades are filled with magnetorheological fluids of different polarities, and different magnetorheological fluid flexible blades are of different shapes.
基于相同的发明构思，还提供一种搅拌器，包括如上所述的磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，还包括反应容器，所述搅拌轴置于反应容器中，所述搅拌轴连接有搅拌电机，通过搅拌电机带动搅拌轴进行搅拌，所述电磁控制单元位于反应容器附近用于提供可变磁场给磁流变液柔性桨叶。Based on the same inventive concept, a stirrer is also provided, comprising the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device as described above, and also comprising a reaction container, wherein the stirring shaft is placed in the reaction container, the stirring shaft is connected to a stirring motor, and the stirring shaft is driven by the stirring motor for stirring, and the electromagnetic control unit is located near the reaction container and is used to provide a variable magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades.
在一实施方式中，所述反应容器通过螺纹盖和密封轴套配合密封反应容器的瓶口。In one embodiment, the reaction container is sealed at the mouth of the reaction container by a threaded cap and a sealing sleeve.
基于一个总的发明构思，还提供一种如上所述搅拌器的搅拌控制方法，包括：Based on a general inventive concept, there is also provided a stirring control method of the stirrer as described above, comprising:
将接种物和底物至于反应容器中；Place inoculum and substrate into a reaction vessel;
将搅拌轴置于反应容器中；placing a stirring shaft in a reaction vessel;
启动搅拌电机工作，带动搅拌轴进行搅拌作业；Start the stirring motor to drive the stirring shaft to perform stirring operations;
启动电磁控制单元，并切换电流大小及方向，控制磁场强度及方向从而改变作用在磁流变液柔性桨叶上的磁场强度和方向，调节磁流变液柔性桨叶的形态和硬度。The electromagnetic control unit is started, and the magnitude and direction of the current are switched to control the strength and direction of the magnetic field, thereby changing the strength and direction of the magnetic field acting on the flexible blade of the magnetorheological fluid, and adjusting the shape and hardness of the flexible blade of the magnetorheological fluid.
在一实施方式中，所述电流大小及方向的切换频次根据搅拌需求自由调节。In one embodiment, the switching frequency of the current magnitude and direction is freely adjusted according to stirring requirements.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：本申请的磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，在用于发酵搅拌时，由于搅拌轴上的磁流变液柔性桨叶可以根据电磁控制单元改变电流的大小和磁场方向改变施加在磁流变液柔性桨叶的磁场强度和方向，从而磁流变液柔性桨叶形态和硬度也可以随着变化。首先，相对于刚性搅拌轴或浆叶在搅拌过程中因较强的剪切力导致微生物损伤甚至死亡的情况，本申请的磁流变液柔性桨叶为柔性，大大降低了搅拌过程产生的剪切力，由于磁流变液柔性桨叶在未通电状态因重力作用处于自然下垂的状态，因此磁流变液柔性搅拌装置在放入反应容器中时不受反应容器瓶口尺寸设计，有限的瓶口可以放入更大的桨叶，磁流变液柔性搅拌装置的磁流变液柔性桨叶最大直径是根据反应容器的瓶身（瓶身直径一般大于瓶口直径）来决定的。因此，可以根据需要增大浆叶的可搅拌面积。更进一步地，相对于普通的柔性搅拌轴，磁流变液柔性桨叶的形态和硬度会根据电磁控制单元通过改变电流的大小和磁场方向而改变。磁场越强，磁流变液柔性桨叶的硬度和形变量更大。在使用过程中，通过切换不同的电流大小和磁场方向，磁流变液柔性桨叶可以有多种形态变化，而不是只有单一的搅拌轴本体或者单一状态的浆叶，从而整个反应区域会有多种混合状态，大大减少反应死区，改善传质传递效果，使搅拌更加均匀，微生物活性不会降低，更不易死亡，从而确保反应充分。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device of the present application, when used for fermentation stirring, can change the magnetic field strength and direction applied to the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades by changing the magnitude of the current and the direction of the magnetic field according to the electromagnetic control unit, so that the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades can also change in shape and hardness. First, compared with the rigid stirring shaft or blades, which cause microbial damage or even death due to strong shear force during stirring, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades of the present application are flexible, which greatly reduces the shear force generated during stirring. Since the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades are in a naturally drooping state due to gravity when not powered on, the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device is not affected by the size of the reaction container bottle mouth when placed in the reaction container. A larger blade can be placed in a limited bottle mouth, and the maximum diameter of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device is determined according to the bottle body of the reaction container (the bottle body diameter is generally larger than the bottle mouth diameter). Therefore, the stirring area of the blade can be increased as needed. Furthermore, compared to an ordinary flexible stirring shaft, the shape and hardness of the flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid will change according to the electromagnetic control unit by changing the magnitude of the current and the direction of the magnetic field. The stronger the magnetic field, the greater the hardness and deformation of the flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid. During use, by switching different current magnitudes and magnetic field directions, the flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid can have a variety of morphological changes, rather than just a single stirring shaft body or a single state of the blade, so that the entire reaction area will have a variety of mixing states, greatly reducing the reaction dead zone, improving the mass transfer effect, making the stirring more uniform, and the activity of the microorganisms will not be reduced, and it is less likely to die, thereby ensuring a full reaction.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
图1为一实施方式搅拌器的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an agitator according to an embodiment;
图2为另一实施方式的搅拌器（磁流变液柔性桨叶变化）结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an agitator (magnetorheological fluid flexible blade variation) according to another embodiment;
图3为一实施方式电磁控制单元的控制周期图；FIG3 is a control cycle diagram of an electromagnetic control unit according to an embodiment;
图4为一实施方式的磁流变液柔性桨叶形态示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a magnetorheological fluid flexible blade according to an embodiment;
图5为一实施方式的磁流变液柔性桨叶状态转换图。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state transition of a magnetorheological fluid flexible blade according to an embodiment.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为了便于理解本发明，下文将结合说明书附图和较佳的实施例对本发明做更全面、细致地描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体实施例。In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
除非另有特别说明，本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等均可通过市场购买得到或者可通过现有方法制备得到。Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.
请参阅图1-5，本发明提供一种磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，用于发酵搅拌中。包括搅拌轴1、磁流变液柔性桨叶2和电磁控制单元3，其中，磁流变液柔性桨叶2固定于搅拌轴1上，电磁控制单元3通过改变电流的大小和磁场方向改变磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形态和硬度。Referring to Figures 1-5, the present invention provides a magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device for fermentation stirring, comprising a stirring shaft 1, a magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 and an electromagnetic control unit 3, wherein the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is fixed on the stirring shaft 1, and the electromagnetic control unit 3 changes the shape and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 by changing the magnitude of the current and the direction of the magnetic field.
优选地，在一实施方式中，搅拌轴包括呈弯折或弯曲形态的搅拌棒11和套设在搅拌棒11上的柔性轴套12。在搅拌过程中，搅拌棒11通过搅拌电机带动进行转动，从而带动整个搅拌轴转动。在一实施方式中，搅拌棒11至少在2个不同位置处形成弯折或弯曲形态。相对普通的直杆搅拌轴，搅拌轴搅动的区域更大，不但可以减少搅拌死区，还能让反应物更均匀地分布在反应容器中。柔性轴套12的设置也可以减少因搅拌轴1本身带来的剪切力。Preferably, in one embodiment, the stirring shaft includes a stirring rod 11 in a bent or curved shape and a flexible sleeve 12 sleeved on the stirring rod 11. During the stirring process, the stirring rod 11 is driven to rotate by the stirring motor, thereby driving the entire stirring shaft to rotate. In one embodiment, the stirring rod 11 forms a bent or curved shape at least at two different positions. Relative to the ordinary straight rod stirring shaft, the stirring shaft has a larger stirring area, which can not only reduce the stirring dead zone, but also allow the reactants to be more evenly distributed in the reaction vessel. The provision of the flexible sleeve 12 can also reduce the shear force caused by the stirring shaft 1 itself.
具体地，电磁控制单元3由电磁铁31及其控制单元32组成，用于改变磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形态和硬度。电磁铁31可为磁流变液柔性桨叶2提供两种磁感线方向相反的磁场。Specifically, the electromagnetic control unit 3 is composed of an electromagnet 31 and a control unit 32, and is used to change the shape and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2. The electromagnet 31 can provide the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 with two magnetic fields with opposite magnetic flux lines.
具体地，磁流变液柔性桨叶2由柔性外套21和置于柔性外套21内的磁流变液22组成。柔性外套21为密闭结构，用于封闭磁流变液22。柔性外套21形状决定磁流变液柔性桨叶2形状，磁流变液22决定磁流变液柔性桨叶2的极性。柔性外套21的材质可以为硅胶或者橡胶等本身为柔性且可以有一定形变的材质。磁流变液22填充在柔性外套21中，根据电磁控制单元3控制电流大小和磁场方向改变磁流变液柔性桨叶2的硬度和形态（包括形状大小和方位）。磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形变量和硬度随磁场强度变大而变大。磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形变方向由磁流变液柔性桨叶2本身的磁性和施加的磁场方向决定。当然，磁流变液柔性桨叶2在施加磁场变成硬度大的状态下，磁流变液柔性桨叶2也是具有一定柔性的，确保剪切力不会损伤微生物的活性。在发酵领域，刚性浆叶或者搅拌轴在搅拌过程中，部分区域的搅拌的流速很快，局部没有流速，造成发酵容易出现死区进而会影响微生物活性，活性降低。采用本申请磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，由于磁流变液柔性桨叶2是柔性的，在搅拌过程中可以有多种形变状态，从而可以大大可以减少死区，确保微生物的活性，从而提高反应效率。Specifically, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is composed of a flexible jacket 21 and a magnetorheological fluid 22 placed in the flexible jacket 21. The flexible jacket 21 is a closed structure for enclosing the magnetorheological fluid 22. The shape of the flexible jacket 21 determines the shape of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2, and the magnetorheological fluid 22 determines the polarity of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2. The material of the flexible jacket 21 can be a material that is flexible and can have a certain deformation, such as silicone or rubber. The magnetorheological fluid 22 is filled in the flexible jacket 21, and the hardness and shape (including shape, size and orientation) of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 are changed according to the electromagnetic control unit 3 to control the current size and magnetic field direction. The deformation amount and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 increase as the magnetic field intensity increases. The deformation direction of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is determined by the magnetism of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 itself and the direction of the applied magnetic field. Of course, when the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is applied with a magnetic field and becomes in a state of high hardness, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 also has a certain flexibility, ensuring that the shear force will not damage the activity of the microorganism. In the field of fermentation, during the stirring process of the rigid blade or the stirring shaft, the stirring flow rate in some areas is very fast, and there is no flow rate in some areas, which makes it easy for dead zones to appear in the fermentation, which in turn affects the activity of the microorganisms and reduces the activity. Using the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device of the present application, since the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is flexible, it can have a variety of deformation states during the stirring process, which can greatly reduce the dead zone, ensure the activity of the microorganisms, and thus improve the reaction efficiency.
更优选地，在一实施方式中，搅拌轴1上有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶2，可根据实际需求自由选择磁流变液柔性桨叶2的数量以实现不同的搅拌效果。具体地，搅拌轴1在轴向方向设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶2，或在径向方向设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶2，或在轴向方向和径向方向均设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶2。More preferably, in one embodiment, the stirring shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2, and the number of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 can be freely selected according to actual needs to achieve different stirring effects. Specifically, the stirring shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 in the axial direction, or a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 in the radial direction, or a plurality of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 in both the axial direction and the radial direction.
磁流变液柔性桨叶2的数量越多，其可变化的形态更多，在搅拌过程中，更不容易形成死区。因此，在轴向方向和径向方向均设有多片磁流变液柔性桨叶2可以确保更大反应区域不存在死区，有利于发酵反应的顺利进行。具体地，磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形状可以有各式各样形状，参见图4，磁流变液柔性桨叶2可以为水滴形（图4（a））、三角形或长条形（图4（b））。优选地，在一实施方式中，磁流变液柔性桨叶2可以由多个水滴小浆叶组成（图4（c））；或，磁流变液柔性桨叶2由多个三角形小浆叶组成；或，磁流变液柔性桨叶2由多个长条形小浆叶组成（图4（d））。当然，磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形状不限于上述举例，可以根据实际需要进行多种变化。The more the number of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2, the more variable forms it can have, and it is less likely to form dead zones during the stirring process. Therefore, multiple magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 are provided in both the axial direction and the radial direction to ensure that there are no dead zones in a larger reaction area, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the fermentation reaction. Specifically, the shape of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 can be various shapes. Referring to Figure 4, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 can be a water drop shape (Figure 4 (a)), a triangle or a long strip shape (Figure 4 (b)). Preferably, in one embodiment, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 can be composed of a plurality of water droplet small blades (Figure 4 (c)); or, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is composed of a plurality of triangular small blades; or, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is composed of a plurality of long strip small blades (Figure 4 (d)). Of course, the shape of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is not limited to the above examples, and can be changed in various ways according to actual needs.
具体地，在一实施方式中，由多个水滴小浆叶组成的磁流变液柔性桨叶2中，多个水滴小浆叶的极性相同或不同。当多个水滴小浆叶极性相同时，对磁流变液柔性桨叶2施加磁场后，磁流变液柔性桨叶2的多个水滴小浆叶的朝向相同，但是根据磁场的变化，可以有如图5所示的（a）-（f）不同的状态。在另一实施例中，当多个水滴小浆叶极性不同时，水滴小浆叶的朝向会有相反的方向。具体地，在其他实施例中，如由多个三角形小浆叶组成的磁流变液柔性桨叶2中，多个三角形小浆叶的极性相同或不同情况下，具有类似状态。具体地，在一实施方式中，如图5（a）-（c）显示了多个小水滴极性相同，根据磁场变化的状态。其中（b）是电流为0时的状态。在由多个长条形小浆叶组成的磁流变液柔性桨叶2中，多个长条形小浆叶的极性相同或不同情况下，也具有类似状态。图5（d）-（f）显示了四个长条形小浆叶，两对浆叶的极性不同，根据磁场的变化。其中（e）是电流为0时的状态。这些举例只是为了表明磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形状可以不同，根据极性和磁场变化，可以展示出某些不同的状态。在包括多个小浆叶的磁流变液柔性浆叶中，多个小浆叶内填充的磁流变液极性不同，多个小浆叶可以在相同条件下呈现不同形态变化，更有利于反应物混匀。实际操作中，磁流变液柔性桨叶2根据磁场强度和方向变化，还可以有更多的形态变化，其原理相同，在此不再赘述。Specifically, in one embodiment, in a magnetorheological fluid flexible paddle 2 composed of a plurality of water droplet blades, the polarities of the plurality of water droplet blades are the same or different. When the polarities of the plurality of water droplet blades are the same, after a magnetic field is applied to the magnetorheological fluid flexible paddle 2, the orientations of the plurality of water droplet blades of the magnetorheological fluid flexible paddle 2 are the same, but according to the change of the magnetic field, there may be different states (a)-(f) as shown in Figure 5. In another embodiment, when the polarities of the plurality of water droplet blades are different, the orientations of the water droplet blades will be in opposite directions. Specifically, in other embodiments, such as in a magnetorheological fluid flexible paddle 2 composed of a plurality of triangular blades, the polarities of the plurality of triangular blades are the same or different, and have similar states. Specifically, in one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 (a)-(c), the states of the plurality of water droplets having the same polarity and changing according to the magnetic field are shown. Wherein (b) is the state when the current is 0. In the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 composed of a plurality of long strip small blades, the polarities of the plurality of long strip small blades are the same or different, and similar states are also present. Figure 5 (d)-(f) shows four long strip small blades, and the polarities of the two pairs of blades are different according to the change of the magnetic field. Among them, (e) is the state when the current is 0. These examples are only to show that the shape of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 can be different, and certain different states can be exhibited according to the change of polarity and magnetic field. In the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade including a plurality of small blades, the magnetorheological fluid filled in the plurality of small blades has different polarities, and the plurality of small blades can present different morphological changes under the same conditions, which is more conducive to the mixing of the reactants. In actual operation, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 can also have more morphological changes according to the change of magnetic field strength and direction. The principle is the same and will not be repeated here.
本发明还提供一种搅拌器，包括如上所述的磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，搅拌器还包括反应容器7、搅拌轴1置于反应容器7中，搅拌轴1连接有搅拌电机5，通过搅拌电机5带动搅拌轴1进行搅拌，电磁控制单元3位于反应容器7的底部或者侧面。磁流变液柔性搅拌装置的具体结构如上所述，在此不再赘述。在另一实施方式中，搅拌器还包括电机支架4，用于支撑搅拌电机5。The present invention also provides a stirrer, including the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device as described above, the stirrer also includes a reaction container 7, a stirring shaft 1 is placed in the reaction container 7, the stirring shaft 1 is connected to a stirring motor 5, the stirring motor 5 drives the stirring shaft 1 to stir, and the electromagnetic control unit 3 is located at the bottom or side of the reaction container 7. The specific structure of the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device is as described above, and will not be repeated here. In another embodiment, the stirrer also includes a motor bracket 4 for supporting the stirring motor 5.
在一实施方式中，搅拌电机5连接至搅拌轴1的搅拌棒11，带动搅拌轴1整体运动。在一实施方式中，反应容器7的开口处设有通过螺纹盖6和密封轴套13配合作用，将反应容器7密封，在其他实施例中，也可以根据发酵需要不设置密封装置。In one embodiment, the stirring motor 5 is connected to the stirring rod 11 of the stirring shaft 1, driving the stirring shaft 1 to move as a whole. In one embodiment, the opening of the reaction container 7 is provided with a threaded cover 6 and a sealing sleeve 13 to seal the reaction container 7. In other embodiments, the sealing device may not be provided according to the fermentation needs.
具体地，在一实施方式中，电磁控制单元3位于反应容器7的附近，一般位于反应容器7底部或者侧面。反应容器7可以直接放置在电磁控制单元3上，也可以保留一定的距离空间，该距离空间不能太大，需要确保电磁控制单元3产生的磁场可以作用在搅拌器的磁流变液柔性桨叶2上。在电磁控制单元3位于反应容器7的侧面时，两者可以接触也可以保持一定合理距离。Specifically, in one embodiment, the electromagnetic control unit 3 is located near the reaction container 7, generally at the bottom or side of the reaction container 7. The reaction container 7 can be placed directly on the electromagnetic control unit 3, or a certain distance space can be reserved. The distance space cannot be too large, and it is necessary to ensure that the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic control unit 3 can act on the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 of the stirrer. When the electromagnetic control unit 3 is located on the side of the reaction container 7, the two can be in contact or maintain a certain reasonable distance.
本发明还提供一种搅拌器的搅拌控制方法，包括：The present invention also provides a stirring control method for a stirrer, comprising:
S110、将接种物和底物至于反应容器中；S110, placing an inoculum and a substrate in a reaction container;
S120、将搅拌轴1置于反应容器中；S120, placing the stirring shaft 1 in the reaction container;
S130、启动搅拌电机5工作，带动搅拌轴1进行搅拌作业；S130, start the stirring motor 5 to drive the stirring shaft 1 to perform stirring operation;
S140、启动电磁控制单元3，并切换电流大小及方向，控制磁场强度及方向从而改变作用在磁流变液柔性桨叶2上的磁场强度和方向，调节磁流变液柔性桨叶2的形态和硬度。S140 , start the electromagnetic control unit 3 , and switch the current size and direction, control the magnetic field strength and direction, thereby changing the magnetic field strength and direction acting on the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 , and adjusting the shape and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 .
在一实施方式中，切换电流大小、磁场方向从而改变作用在磁流变液柔性桨叶2上的磁场强度和方向包括：In one embodiment, switching the current magnitude and magnetic field direction to change the magnetic field strength and direction acting on the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 includes:
在搅拌过程中可对电磁铁的极性进行切换，控制电磁控制单元3电流大小和方向变化，实现磁流变液柔性桨叶2有不同形态和硬度变化。During the stirring process, the polarity of the electromagnet can be switched to control the current size and direction of the electromagnetic control unit 3 to change, so that the flexible blade 2 of the magnetorheological fluid can have different shapes and hardness changes.
在一实施方式中，电流大小及方向的切换频次根据搅拌需求自由调节。例如可以根据需要在1分钟内变化5次、10次电流大小、切换5次电流方向，也可以设置一个规律的变化曲线，当然，在其他实施里中，切换频次可以根据实际需要任意设置，其目的是为了有更多的变化状态，防止形成死区，让反应物更均匀地分布在反应容器中，提高反应效率。In one embodiment, the switching frequency of the current magnitude and direction is freely adjusted according to the stirring requirements. For example, the current magnitude can be changed 5 times or 10 times, and the current direction can be switched 5 times within 1 minute as required, or a regular change curve can be set. Of course, in other embodiments, the switching frequency can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs, the purpose of which is to have more change states, prevent the formation of dead zones, and allow the reactants to be more evenly distributed in the reaction container to improve the reaction efficiency.
为进一步说明本申请的搅拌装置、搅拌器及其搅拌控制方法，通过以下具体实施例对控制方法进行具体的说明，旨在理解本发明，而不是限制本发明的保护范围。In order to further illustrate the stirring device, stirrer and stirring control method thereof of the present application, the control method is specifically described through the following specific embodiments, which is intended to understand the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
在一具体的实施方式中，将电磁铁31产生的磁场状态分为三种。状态一s1：正向电流；状态二s3：反向电流；状态三s2：无电流。In a specific implementation, the magnetic field states generated by the electromagnet 31 are divided into three types: state 1 s1: forward current; state 2 s3: reverse current; state 3 s2: no current.
更进一步地，通过控制输出电流的大小控制磁场强度，将电流大小分为三个级别。级别一：I=0.63A；级别二I=0.42A；级别三I=0.21A。Furthermore, the magnetic field strength is controlled by controlling the output current, and the current is divided into three levels: Level 1: I=0.63A; Level 2: I=0.42A; Level 3: I=0.21A.
通过将不同电流方向和不同大小的电流状态与电流级别进行组合获得七种控制状态，如下表1所示。在搅拌过程中通过电流的改变控制搅拌状态，如图3所示，控制过程电流随时间变化，通过七种电流值的切换实现对磁流变液柔性桨叶2的状态切换，进而实现不同搅拌效果的切换。其中，状态一：靠近搅拌轴电磁铁端为N极；状态二：靠近搅拌轴电磁铁端为S极；状态三：电磁铁不工作。Seven control states are obtained by combining current states with different current directions and current levels, as shown in Table 1. The stirring state is controlled by changing the current during the stirring process. As shown in FIG3 , the current in the control process changes with time, and the state of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 is switched by switching seven current values, thereby switching different stirring effects. Among them, state 1: the end of the electromagnet close to the stirring shaft is the N pole; state 2: the end of the electromagnet close to the stirring shaft is the S pole; state 3: the electromagnet is not working.
表1Table 1
图3中的s1为通入电流为上表所示的状态一（+）的情况，s2为通入电流为上表所示的状态三（电流为0）的情况，s3为通入电流为如上表所示的状态二（-）的情况。图4所示的两种磁流变液柔性桨叶2（多个水滴小浆叶组成、多个长条形小浆叶组成），对应的磁流变液柔性桨叶2通入正、负电流和无电流变换状态如图5 所示。具体地，三个水滴小浆叶组成的磁流变液柔性桨叶2采用同极设计如图5（a）-（c）所示，在磁场变化过程中展现出弯曲方向相同的变化，（b）为无磁场状态下受重力作用向下弯曲三个水滴小浆叶，（a）为异性相吸情况下三个水滴小浆叶相互靠近的状态，（c）为同性相斥情况下三个水滴小浆叶相互远离的状态。长条形小浆叶组成的磁流变液柔性桨叶2采用两组极性相反设计如图5（d）-（f）所示，四个长条形小浆叶在磁场变化过程中两组极性相反的叶片弯曲方向相反。（e）为无磁场状态下受重力作用向下。In FIG3 , s1 is the case where the current is in state 1 (+) as shown in the table above, s2 is the case where the current is in state 3 (current is 0) as shown in the table above, and s3 is the case where the current is in state 2 (-) as shown in the table above. The two types of magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 (composed of multiple water droplet blades and multiple long strip blades) shown in FIG4 , the corresponding magnetorheological fluid flexible blades 2 are transformed into positive, negative current and no current as shown in FIG5 . Specifically, the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 composed of three water droplet blades adopts a homopolar design as shown in FIG5 (a)-(c), and shows the same bending direction changes during the magnetic field change process, (b) is the three water droplet blades bent downward by gravity in the absence of a magnetic field, (a) is the state where the three water droplet blades are close to each other in the case of opposite attraction, and (c) is the state where the three water droplet blades are far away from each other in the case of like repulsion. The magnetorheological fluid flexible blade 2 composed of long strip blades adopts two sets of opposite polarity designs as shown in Figure 5 (d)-(f). The two sets of blades with opposite polarity bend in opposite directions during the change of magnetic field. (e) is downward under the action of gravity in the absence of magnetic field.
本发明的本申请的磁流变液柔性搅拌装置，在用于发酵搅拌时，由于搅拌轴上的磁流变液柔性桨叶可以根据电磁控制单元通过改变电流的大小和磁场方向改变磁流变液柔性桨叶的形态和硬度。首先，相对刚性搅拌浆叶在搅拌过程中桨叶具有较强的剪切力导致微生物损伤甚至死亡的情况。本申请的磁流变液柔性桨叶为柔性，大大降低了搅拌过程产生的剪切力，由于磁流变液柔性桨叶在未通电状态由于重力处于自然下垂的状态，因此磁流变液柔性搅拌装置在放入反应容器中时不受反应器瓶口尺寸设计，有限的瓶口可以放入更大的桨叶，磁流变液柔性搅拌装置及磁流变液柔性桨叶最大直径是根据反应容器的瓶身（瓶身直径一般大于瓶口直径）来决定的。因此，可以根据需要增大浆叶的可搅拌面积。The magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device of the present application of the present invention, when used for fermentation stirring, can change the shape and hardness of the magnetorheological fluid flexible blades on the stirring shaft by changing the magnitude of the current and the direction of the magnetic field according to the electromagnetic control unit. First, the relatively rigid stirring blade has a strong shear force during the stirring process, which leads to damage or even death of microorganisms. The magnetorheological fluid flexible blade of the present application is flexible, which greatly reduces the shear force generated during the stirring process. Since the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade is in a naturally drooping state due to gravity when it is not powered on, the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device is not affected by the size of the reactor bottle mouth when placed in the reaction container. A larger blade can be placed in a limited bottle mouth. The maximum diameter of the magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device and the magnetorheological fluid flexible blade is determined according to the bottle body of the reaction container (the bottle body diameter is generally larger than the bottle mouth diameter). Therefore, the stirring area of the blade can be increased as needed.
更进一步地，相对于普通的柔性搅拌轴，磁流变液柔性桨叶的形态和硬度会根据电磁控制单元通过改变电流的大小和磁场方向而改变。磁场越强，磁流变液柔性桨叶的硬度和形变量更大。在使用过程中，通过切换不同的电流大小和磁场方向，磁流变液柔性桨叶可以有多种形态变化，而不是只有单一的搅拌轴本体或者单一状态的浆叶，从而整个反应区域会有多种混合状态，大大减少反应死区，改善传质传递效果，使搅拌更加均匀，微生物活性不会降低，更不易死亡，从而确保反应充分。Furthermore, compared to an ordinary flexible stirring shaft, the shape and hardness of the flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid will change according to the electromagnetic control unit by changing the magnitude of the current and the direction of the magnetic field. The stronger the magnetic field, the greater the hardness and deformation of the flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid. During use, by switching different current magnitudes and magnetic field directions, the flexible blades of the magnetorheological fluid can have a variety of morphological changes, rather than just a single stirring shaft body or a single state of the blade, so that the entire reaction area will have a variety of mixing states, greatly reducing the reaction dead zone, improving the mass transfer effect, making the stirring more uniform, and the activity of the microorganisms will not be reduced, and it is less likely to die, thereby ensuring a full reaction.
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| CN202411345885.9ACN118853364A (en) | 2024-09-26 | 2024-09-26 | A magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device, agitator and control method thereof |
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| CN202411345885.9ACN118853364A (en) | 2024-09-26 | 2024-09-26 | A magnetorheological fluid flexible stirring device, agitator and control method thereof |
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