技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及土豆运输设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备及运输方法。The invention relates to the technical field of potato transport equipment, and in particular to a potato transport equipment and a transport method for sorting potatoes after picking.
背景技术Background Art
土豆，又名马铃薯、山药蛋、洋芋、洋山芋、洋芋头、香山芋、洋番芋、山洋芋、阳芋、地蛋等。属茄科，一年生草本植物，块茎可供食用。块茎中含有大量的淀粉，能为人体提供丰富的热量，且富含蛋白质、氨基酸及多种维生素、矿物质，尤其是其维生素含量是所有粮食作物中最全的。Potatoes, also known as potatoes, yam eggs, sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes, fragrant sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes, mountain sweet potatoes, Yang Yu, ground eggs, etc., belong to the Solanaceae family, an annual herb, and the tubers are edible. The tubers contain a lot of starch, which can provide abundant calories for the human body, and are rich in protein, amino acids, and a variety of vitamins and minerals. In particular, its vitamin content is the most complete among all grain crops.
在土豆采摘后需要将其输送至放置框中，便于后期土豆的售卖。After the potatoes are picked, they need to be transported to the storage box to facilitate the later sale of the potatoes.
现有技术中在土豆运输过程中仍存在以下不足之处：The prior art still has the following disadvantages in the potato transportation process:
1.在土豆采摘后，其表面附着大量泥土，现有技术中直接将土豆放置在水中进行清洁，而其表面附着的泥土过多导致清洁水很快变的污浊，进而导致后续土豆的清洁效果不佳；1. After the potatoes are picked, a large amount of dirt adheres to their surface. In the prior art, the potatoes are directly placed in water for cleaning. However, the excessive dirt adhered to the surface causes the cleaning water to quickly become turbid, which in turn leads to poor cleaning effect of the subsequent potatoes.
2.土豆采摘后，由于土豆大小不一，因此需要额外对土豆进行筛选，无法在运输过程中进行筛选，影响土豆后期的售卖；2. After the potatoes are harvested, they are of different sizes, so they need to be screened. They cannot be screened during transportation, which affects the later sale of potatoes.
3.在对土豆清洁时，直接将土豆至于水中，通过搅拌完成清洁，此类清洁效果较差，导致土豆表层仍附着大量泥土，另外，清洁后土豆上附着水分，因此在后期土豆继续运输时，水分到处滴落；3. When cleaning potatoes, put them directly in water and stir them to clean them. This type of cleaning effect is poor, resulting in a lot of dirt still attached to the surface of the potatoes. In addition, after cleaning, the potatoes are attached with water, so when the potatoes are transported later, the water drips everywhere;
针对上述问题，本发明文件提出了一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备及运输方法。In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes a potato transportation device and a potato transportation method for sorting after picking.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有的土豆表层附着的泥土较多，清洁效果不佳，运输过程中无法对土豆筛选，清洁后土豆到处滴水的缺点，而提出的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备及运输方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing potatoes that there is a lot of dirt attached to the surface, the cleaning effect is poor, the potatoes cannot be screened during transportation, and the potatoes drip water everywhere after cleaning, and to propose a potato transportation equipment and transportation method for sorting after picking.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备，包括清洗箱，所述清洗箱的一侧固定有架体，所述架体的上方设有多个输送辊，所述清洗箱的一侧设有移动收集车，且移动收集车位于多个输送辊的下方，用于收集被多个输送辊筛选的土豆；A potato transport device for sorting after picking, comprising a cleaning box, a frame body fixed on one side of the cleaning box, a plurality of conveying rollers arranged above the frame body, a mobile collecting vehicle arranged on one side of the cleaning box, and the mobile collecting vehicle is located below the plurality of conveying rollers and is used to collect potatoes screened by the plurality of conveying rollers;
还包括固定在架体顶部的U型架，所述U型架内滑动连接有斜板，斜板与多个输送辊相配合，斜板用于将筛选后的土豆引导至清洗箱内；It also includes a U-shaped frame fixed on the top of the frame body, wherein an inclined plate is slidably connected in the U-shaped frame, the inclined plate cooperates with a plurality of conveying rollers, and the inclined plate is used to guide the screened potatoes into the washing box;
两个第二清洁筒，均转动设置在清洗箱内，所述第二清洁筒的外壁设有毛刷，用于对土豆进行清洗，所述清洗箱内设有镂空金属输送带，用于将土豆从清洗箱内向外侧输送；Two second cleaning cylinders are rotatably arranged in the cleaning box, and brushes are arranged on the outer walls of the second cleaning cylinders for cleaning potatoes. A hollow metal conveyor belt is arranged in the cleaning box for conveying potatoes from the cleaning box to the outside;
还包括设置在清洗箱远离架体一侧的转动盘，所述转动盘的外壁转动套设有环形圈，转动盘与环形圈配合用于将土豆表层的水分甩干；It also includes a rotating disk arranged on the side of the washing box away from the frame, the outer wall of the rotating disk is rotatably sleeved with an annular ring, and the rotating disk and the annular ring cooperate to dry the moisture on the surface of the potatoes;
筛分结构，设置在架体的顶部，用于对粒径不同的土豆进行筛分；A screening structure is arranged on the top of the frame and is used to screen potatoes with different particle sizes;
剥泥结构，设置在架体的顶部，用于将筛分后土豆表层的泥土振落；The mud peeling structure is arranged on the top of the frame and is used to shake off the mud on the surface of the potatoes after screening;
清洗结构，设置在清洗箱内，用于对土豆全面清洗；A cleaning structure is arranged in the cleaning box and is used for fully cleaning the potatoes;
离心结构，设置在清洗箱远离架体的一侧，通过离心力将土豆表层的水分甩干。The centrifugal structure is arranged on the side of the washing box away from the frame, and the moisture on the surface of the potatoes is dried by centrifugal force.
在一种可能的设计中，所述筛分结构包括固定在架体顶部的机架，多个所述输送辊均转动设置在机架内，多个所述输送辊之间通过链轮、链条传动连接，所述移动收集车内滑动块连接有斜面板，用于承载坠落的土豆，所述斜面板的底部两侧均固定有多个第一弹簧，多个所述第一弹簧的底端均固定有固定块，且固定块固定在移动收集车的内壁，第一弹簧与斜面板配合用于对坠落的土豆起到让位作用的同时将土豆表层的泥土振落，所述斜面板的一侧固定有档条，且档条位于斜面板高度较低的一侧，用于阻挡泥土落入移动收集车内；由于多个输送辊之间存在一定间隙，在对土豆运输时，多个输送辊对大小不同的土豆进行筛选，小的土豆通过间隙落在斜面板上，在第一弹簧的让位作用下能够避免土豆坠落过程中损坏，且土豆掉落在斜面板上时，其上的泥土被振落，在斜面板将土豆向一侧排放时，档条对泥土进行阻挡，初步清除土豆上的泥土，便于后期的清洗。In a possible design, the screening structure includes a frame fixed on the top of the frame body, a plurality of the conveying rollers are rotatably arranged in the frame, the plurality of the conveying rollers are connected by sprockets and chains, the sliding block in the mobile collection vehicle is connected with an inclined panel for carrying the fallen potatoes, a plurality of first springs are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the inclined panel, a plurality of the bottom ends of the first springs are fixed with fixed blocks, and the fixed blocks are fixed to the inner wall of the mobile collection vehicle, the first springs cooperate with the inclined panel to make way for the fallen potatoes and shake off the soil on the surface of the potatoes, A stop bar is fixed on one side of the inclined panel, and the stop bar is located on the side of the inclined panel with a lower height, so as to prevent soil from falling into the mobile collection vehicle. Since there is a certain gap between the multiple conveying rollers, when transporting potatoes, the multiple conveying rollers screen potatoes of different sizes, and small potatoes fall onto the inclined panel through the gap. Under the giving way of the first spring, the potatoes can be prevented from being damaged during the falling process. When the potatoes fall onto the inclined panel, the soil on them is shaken off. When the inclined panel discharges the potatoes to one side, the stop bar blocks the soil, and the soil on the potatoes is preliminarily removed, which is convenient for later cleaning.
在一种可能的设计中，所述剥泥结构包括通过基座转动连接在架体顶部的从动轴，所述从动轴的外壁固定套设有多个凸轮，且凸轮位于斜板的下方用于驱动斜板振动，所述U型架内转动连接有位于斜板上方的主轴，所述主轴的外壁固定套设有第一清洁筒，且第一清洁筒的外壁固定有毛刷，用于将土豆表层的泥土刷除，所述从动轴与主轴之间通过同步轮、同步带传动连接，所述斜板内设有多个第一漏孔，用于将振落的泥土排出；通过电机驱动主轴和第一清洁筒转动，主轴与从动轴之间通过同步轮、同步带传动连接，凸轮带动斜板振动，用于将其上土豆表层附着的泥土振落，且振落的泥土通过第一漏孔落在放置板上，而凸条对土豆进行阻挡，避免土豆直接滚落至清洗箱内，且斜板将土豆向一侧振动排放时，第一清洁筒能够进一步将土豆表层的泥土刷除，斜板与导泥板的配合，能够将从斜板上振落的泥土重新排放至放置板上，避免泥土进入清洗箱内，影响清洗箱内水的清洁度。In a possible design, the mud peeling structure includes a driven shaft rotatably connected to the top of the frame body through a base, a plurality of cams are provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the driven shaft, and the cams are located below the inclined plate to drive the inclined plate to vibrate, a main shaft located above the inclined plate is rotatably connected in the U-shaped frame, a first cleaning cylinder is provided on the outer wall fixed sleeve of the main shaft, and a brush is fixed on the outer wall of the first cleaning cylinder to brush away the mud on the surface of the potatoes, the driven shaft and the main shaft are connected by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, a plurality of first leakage holes are provided in the inclined plate to discharge the mud that is shaken off; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, a plurality of first leakage holes are provided in the inclined plate to discharge the mud that is shaken off; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, and a plurality of first leakage holes are provided in the inclined plate to discharge the mud that is shaken off; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, and the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt; ... wheel; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous wheel; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous wheel; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous wheel; the driven shaft is connected to the main shaft by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous wheel; the driven shaft The driving main shaft and the first cleaning cylinder rotate, and the main shaft and the driven shaft are connected by synchronous wheels and synchronous belts. The cam drives the inclined plate to vibrate, so as to shake off the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes, and the shaken soil falls on the placement plate through the first leakage hole, while the convex strips block the potatoes to prevent them from rolling directly into the cleaning box. When the inclined plate vibrates and discharges the potatoes to one side, the first cleaning cylinder can further brush off the soil on the surface of the potatoes. The cooperation of the inclined plate and the mud guide plate can discharge the soil shaken off the inclined plate back to the placement plate, so as to prevent the soil from entering the cleaning box and affecting the cleanliness of the water in the cleaning box.
在一种可能的设计中，所述清洗结构包括滑动设置在清洗箱底部内壁的U型板，所述U型板内转动连接有橡胶轮，且橡胶轮位于两个第二清洁筒的下方，用于对两个第二清洁筒之间的土豆进行阻挡，两个所述第二清洁筒的外壁均固定套设有齿轮，两个齿轮相啮合，所述清洗箱内转动连接有两个第一传送辊，所述清洗箱内转动连接有第三传送辊，所述清洗箱远离架体的一侧通过基座转动连接有第二传送辊，所述第二传送辊、第三传送辊与两个第一传送辊之间通过镂空金属输送带传动连接，所述镂空金属输送带与橡胶轮碰触并驱动橡胶轮转动，橡胶轮用于驱动土豆转动，所述清洗箱内固定有两个位于第二清洁筒上方的导料板，用于将土豆引导至两个第二清洁筒之间；土豆落至两个第二清洁筒之间，通过电机驱动其中一个第二清洁筒转动，且两个第二清洁筒通过两个齿轮传动连接，两个第二清洁筒相向转动，由于橡胶轮位于两个第二清洁筒的下方，对土豆进行阻碍，土豆能够停留在两个第二清洁筒之间，且镂空金属输送带与橡胶轮碰触，镂空金属输送带带动橡胶轮转动，橡胶轮带动其上的土豆转动，因此两个第二清洁筒能够较为全面的对土豆进行清洁。In a possible design, the cleaning structure includes a U-shaped plate slidably arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the cleaning box, a rubber wheel is rotatably connected in the U-shaped plate, and the rubber wheel is located below the two second cleaning cylinders for blocking the potatoes between the two second cleaning cylinders, the outer walls of the two second cleaning cylinders are fixedly sleeved with gears, the two gears are meshed, two first conveying rollers are rotatably connected in the cleaning box, a third conveying roller is rotatably connected in the cleaning box, a second conveying roller is rotatably connected to the side of the cleaning box away from the frame through a base, the second conveying roller, the third conveying roller and the two first conveying rollers are connected through a hollow metal conveyor belt, and the hollow metal conveyor belt contacts and drives the rubber wheel. The rubber wheel rotates, and the rubber wheel is used to drive the potatoes to rotate. Two guide plates are fixed in the cleaning box and are located above the second cleaning cylinders. The guide plates are used to guide the potatoes between the two second cleaning cylinders. The potatoes fall between the two second cleaning cylinders, and one of the second cleaning cylinders is driven to rotate by a motor. The two second cleaning cylinders are connected by two gear transmissions, and the two second cleaning cylinders rotate towards each other. Since the rubber wheel is located below the two second cleaning cylinders, the potatoes are blocked, and the potatoes can stay between the two second cleaning cylinders. The hollow metal conveyor belt touches the rubber wheel, and the hollow metal conveyor belt drives the rubber wheel to rotate, and the rubber wheel drives the potatoes thereon to rotate, so the two second cleaning cylinders can clean the potatoes more comprehensively.
在一种可能的设计中，所述离心结构包括固定在清洗箱一侧的两个横板，两个所述横板的顶部均与环形圈的底部固定连接，所述清洗箱的一侧固定有安装板，所述安装板的顶部转动连接有驱动轴，所述驱动轴的顶端固定贯穿转动盘，所述安装板的底部通过机架固定有驱动电机，所述驱动电机的输出轴与驱动轴的底端固定连接，所述环形圈的顶部设有集液槽，所述环形圈的内壁设有多个第二漏孔，且第二漏孔与集液槽相连通，第二漏孔与环形圈的配合将土豆表层甩出的水分收集，所述转动盘的底部设有联动机构，用于驱动U型板间歇移动解除对土豆的阻挡，所述环形圈的一侧设有排料口，用于将土豆排出；转动盘带动其上的土豆转动，由于转动盘呈内凹型，且其顶部设置一层橡胶层，用于增加转动盘与土豆间的摩擦力，在转动盘转动时，土豆在离心力的作用下向外侧移动并被环形圈阻挡，且转动盘顺时针转动时能够带动土豆逐渐转动至排料口处，在转动盘与环形圈的配合过程中土豆上的水分被甩出并同通过第二漏孔进入集液槽内，避免土豆上的水分过多。In a possible design, the centrifugal structure includes two transverse plates fixed to one side of the cleaning box, the tops of the two transverse plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular ring, a mounting plate is fixed to one side of the cleaning box, the top of the mounting plate is rotatably connected to a drive shaft, the top of the drive shaft is fixedly passed through a rotating disk, a drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate through a frame, the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft, a liquid collecting trough is provided at the top of the annular ring, a plurality of second leakage holes are provided on the inner wall of the annular ring, and the second leakage holes are connected to the liquid collecting trough, and the cooperation between the second leakage holes and the annular ring collects the moisture thrown out from the surface of the potatoes. A linkage mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rotating disk, which is used to drive the U-shaped plate to move intermittently to remove the obstruction to the potatoes. A discharge port is provided on one side of the annular ring for discharging the potatoes. The rotating disk drives the potatoes thereon to rotate. Since the rotating disk is concave and a rubber layer is provided on the top thereof to increase the friction between the rotating disk and the potatoes, when the rotating disk rotates, the potatoes move outward under the action of centrifugal force and are blocked by the annular ring. When the rotating disk rotates clockwise, the potatoes can be driven to gradually rotate to the discharge port. In the process of cooperation between the rotating disk and the annular ring, the moisture on the potatoes is thrown out and enters the liquid collecting tank through the second leakage hole, so as to avoid excessive moisture on the potatoes.
在一种可能的设计中，所述联动机构包括设置在转动盘底部轨迹槽，所述轨迹槽内滑动配合有销柱，所述轨迹槽由V型槽和销柱组成，且V型槽与销柱相连通，所述销柱的底部固定有连接板，所述连接板的一侧固定有Z型杆，所述Z型杆的一端密封滑动延伸至清洗箱内并与U型板固定连接，销柱与环形槽、V型槽配合用于驱动档条间歇往复移动，所述Z型杆的外壁套设有与清洗箱固定连接的第二弹簧，所述第二弹簧的另一端与连接板固定连接；在驱动电机驱动驱动轴和转动盘转动时，通过销柱与环形槽和V型槽的配合能够间歇驱动连接板和Z型杆左右移动，Z型杆带动U型板移动，橡胶轮解除对土豆的阻挡，土豆掉落在镂空金属输送带上，镂空金属输送带将清洁后的土豆向右侧输送并落至转动盘上。In a possible design, the linkage mechanism includes a track groove arranged at the bottom of the rotating disk, a pin is slidably fitted in the track groove, the track groove consists of a V-shaped groove and a pin, and the V-shaped groove is connected to the pin, a connecting plate is fixed at the bottom of the pin, a Z-shaped rod is fixed on one side of the connecting plate, one end of the Z-shaped rod seals and slides and extends into the cleaning box and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate, the pin cooperates with the annular groove and the V-shaped groove to drive the gear bar to move back and forth intermittently, the outer wall of the Z-shaped rod is sleeved with a second spring fixedly connected to the cleaning box, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the connecting plate; when the driving motor drives the driving shaft and the rotating disk to rotate, the connecting plate and the Z-shaped rod can be intermittently driven to move left and right through the cooperation of the pin, the annular groove and the V-shaped groove, the Z-shaped rod drives the U-shaped plate to move, the rubber wheel releases the obstruction to the potatoes, and the potatoes fall onto the hollow metal conveyor belt, and the hollow metal conveyor belt transports the cleaned potatoes to the right and falls onto the rotating disk.
在一种可能的设计中，所述清洗箱靠近移动收集车的一侧固定有位于斜板下方的放置板，用于承载被振落的泥土，所述清洗箱的一侧设有导泥槽，所述导泥槽内固定有导泥板，且导泥板与斜板相配合，用于将从斜板上坠落的泥土导向至放置板上，所述斜板的顶部固定有多个凸条，用于对土豆进行阻挡，所述U型架内固定有位于斜板下方的限位板，用于对斜板限位；凸轮带动斜板振动，用于将其上土豆表层附着的泥土振落，且振落的泥土通过第一漏孔落在放置板上，而凸条对土豆进行阻挡，避免土豆直接滚落至清洗箱内，能够使土豆承受更多时间的振动。In a possible design, a placing plate located below the inclined plate is fixed on one side of the cleaning box close to the mobile collection vehicle for carrying the shaken-off soil; a mud guide groove is provided on one side of the cleaning box, a mud guide plate is fixed in the mud guide groove, and the mud guide plate cooperates with the inclined plate to guide the soil falling from the inclined plate to the placing plate; a plurality of convex strips are fixed on the top of the inclined plate for blocking potatoes; a limiting plate located below the inclined plate is fixed in the U-shaped frame for limiting the position of the inclined plate; the cam drives the inclined plate to vibrate for shaking off the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes thereon, and the shaken-off soil falls onto the placing plate through the first leakage hole, and the convex strips block the potatoes to prevent the potatoes from rolling directly into the cleaning box, so that the potatoes can withstand the vibration for a longer time.
在一种可能的设计中，所述转动盘的顶部呈内凹型，用于使土豆向中间聚集并在离心力的作用下向外侧甩出，所述转动盘的顶部设有橡胶层，用于增加土豆与转动盘之间的摩擦力；转动盘带动其上的土豆转动，由于转动盘呈内凹型，用于使土豆向中间聚集并在离心力的作用下向外侧甩出，且顶部设置的橡胶层，用于增加转动盘与土豆间的摩擦力，使转动盘带动土豆转动进行水分的甩出作业。In one possible design, the top of the rotating disk is concave, so that the potatoes are gathered in the middle and thrown outward under the action of centrifugal force. A rubber layer is provided on the top of the rotating disk to increase the friction between the potatoes and the rotating disk. The rotating disk drives the potatoes thereon to rotate. Since the rotating disk is concave, the potatoes are gathered in the middle and thrown outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the rubber layer provided on the top is used to increase the friction between the rotating disk and the potatoes, so that the rotating disk drives the potatoes to rotate to throw out the moisture.
在一种可能的设计中，所述环形圈的顶部固定有两个基板，两个所述基板之间转动连接有转轴，所述转轴的外壁固定套设有用于封闭排料口的挡板，所述转轴的外壁套设有两个扭簧，两个所述扭簧相互靠近的一端分别与挡板的两侧固定连接，两个所述扭簧相互远离的一端分别与两个基板固定连接；当土豆的受到的离心力小于扭簧的扭力时，土豆被挡板阻挡无法通过排料口落入外界的收集框中，土豆能够继续在环形圈内清除水分，随着转动盘的转速增加，土豆的离心力大于扭簧的扭力时，土豆推动挡板转动，通过排料口落在收集框中。In a possible design, two base plates are fixed on the top of the annular ring, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the two base plates. The outer wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a baffle for closing the discharge port, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft is sleeved with two torsion springs, and the ends of the two torsion springs that are close to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the baffle, and the ends of the two torsion springs that are far away from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the two base plates; when the centrifugal force exerted on the potatoes is less than the torsion of the torsion springs, the potatoes are blocked by the baffle and cannot fall into the external collection frame through the discharge port, and the potatoes can continue to remove moisture in the annular ring. As the speed of the rotating disk increases, when the centrifugal force of the potatoes is greater than the torsion of the torsion springs, the potatoes push the baffle to rotate and fall into the collection frame through the discharge port.
本申请中，一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的运输方法，包括以下步骤：In the present application, a method for transporting potatoes after picking and sorting is provided, comprising the following steps:
S1、土豆经输送辊筛选，小土豆落入斜面板去泥，大土豆则进入清洗流程；S1, potatoes are screened by conveyor rollers, small potatoes fall into the inclined plate to remove mud, and large potatoes enter the washing process;
S2、大土豆在斜板上受振动去表土，同步落入清洗箱；主轴带动第一清洁筒旋转，进一步刷除泥土，同时振动斜板与导泥板协作，确保泥土不污染清洗水；S2. The potatoes are vibrated on the inclined plate to remove the topsoil and fall into the cleaning box at the same time; the main shaft drives the first cleaning cylinder to rotate to further remove the dirt, and at the same time the vibrating inclined plate cooperates with the mud guide plate to ensure that the mud does not contaminate the cleaning water;
S3、土豆被导向至两个第二清洁筒间，双筒相向旋转配合橡胶轮，通过土豆自转实现全面清洁；S3, the potatoes are guided to the space between the two second cleaning cylinders, which rotate towards each other and cooperate with the rubber wheels to achieve comprehensive cleaning through the self-rotation of the potatoes;
S4、间歇机构驱动橡胶轮移动，释放土豆至镂空金属输送带，带动土豆向右输送至转动盘；S4, the intermittent mechanism drives the rubber wheel to move, releases the potatoes to the hollow metal conveyor belt, and drives the potatoes to be conveyed to the right to the rotating disk;
S5、转动盘内凹设计，土豆受离心力向外甩动，期间水分被甩出并收集，同时增加摩擦力用于使转动盘带动土豆转动促进脱水；S5. The rotating disk is concave in design. The potatoes are thrown outward by centrifugal force, during which the water is thrown out and collected. At the same time, the friction is increased to make the rotating disk drive the potatoes to rotate and promote dehydration.
S6、土豆在离心力与扭簧力的作用下，通过排料口精准落入收集框，确保干燥收集。S6. Under the action of centrifugal force and torsion spring force, potatoes fall accurately into the collection frame through the discharge port to ensure dry collection.
有益效果：Beneficial effects:
本发明中，所述从动轴的外壁固定套设有多个凸轮，所述导泥槽内转动连接有主轴，所述主轴的外壁固定套设有第一清洁筒，所述斜板内设有多个第一漏孔；凸轮带动斜板振动，用于将其上土豆表层附着的泥土振落，且振落的泥土通过第一漏孔落在放置板上，而凸条对土豆进行阻挡，避免土豆直接滚落至清洗箱内，且斜板将土豆向一侧振动排放时，第一清洁筒能够进一步将土豆表层的泥土刷除，清除土豆上过多的泥土，避免较多的泥土进入清洗箱内，影响清洗箱内水的清洁度；In the present invention, the outer wall fixed sleeve of the driven shaft is provided with a plurality of cams, the main shaft is rotatably connected in the mud guide groove, the outer wall fixed sleeve of the main shaft is provided with a first cleaning cylinder, and the inclined plate is provided with a plurality of first leakage holes; the cam drives the inclined plate to vibrate, so as to shake off the mud attached to the surface of the potatoes thereon, and the shaken mud falls on the placement plate through the first leakage holes, and the convex strips block the potatoes to prevent the potatoes from directly rolling into the washing box, and when the inclined plate vibrates and discharges the potatoes to one side, the first cleaning cylinder can further brush off the mud on the surface of the potatoes, remove the excessive mud on the potatoes, and prevent more mud from entering the washing box to affect the cleanliness of the water in the washing box;
本发明中，所述U型板内转动连接有橡胶轮，所述清洗箱内转动连接有两个第二清洁筒，且橡胶轮位于两个第二清洁筒的下方，所述第二传送辊、第三传送辊与两个第一传送辊之间通过镂空金属输送带传动连接，所述镂空金属输送带与橡胶轮碰触并驱动橡胶轮转动；土豆落至两个第二清洁筒之间，由于橡胶轮位于两个第二清洁筒的下方，对土豆进行阻碍，土豆能够停留在两个第二清洁筒之间，且镂空金属输送带与橡胶轮碰触，镂空金属输送带带动橡胶轮转动，橡胶轮带动其上的土豆转动，因此两个第二清洁筒能够较为全面的对土豆进行清洁；In the present invention, a rubber wheel is rotatably connected in the U-shaped plate, two second cleaning cylinders are rotatably connected in the cleaning box, and the rubber wheel is located below the two second cleaning cylinders. The second conveying roller, the third conveying roller and the two first conveying rollers are connected through a hollow metal conveyor belt transmission, and the hollow metal conveyor belt touches the rubber wheel and drives the rubber wheel to rotate; the potatoes fall between the two second cleaning cylinders, and because the rubber wheel is located below the two second cleaning cylinders, the potatoes are blocked, and the potatoes can stay between the two second cleaning cylinders, and the hollow metal conveyor belt touches the rubber wheel, the hollow metal conveyor belt drives the rubber wheel to rotate, and the rubber wheel drives the potatoes thereon to rotate, so the two second cleaning cylinders can clean the potatoes more comprehensively;
本发明中，所述安装板的顶部转动连接有驱动轴，所述驱动轴的顶端固定贯穿转动盘，所述安装板的外壁转动套设有环形圈，且环形圈通过横板固定在清洗箱的一侧，所述环形圈的顶部设有集液槽，所述环形圈的内壁设有多个第二漏孔；由于转动盘呈内凹型，用于使土豆向中间聚集并在离心力的作用下向外侧甩出，在转动盘转动时，土豆在离心力的作用下向外侧移动并被环形圈阻挡，且转动盘顺时针转动时能够带动土豆逐渐转动至排料口处并向外界排出，在转动盘与环形圈的配合过程中土豆上的水分被甩出并同通过第二漏孔进入集液槽内，避免土豆上的水分过多。In the present invention, a driving shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting plate, and the top end of the driving shaft is fixedly passed through the rotating disk. An annular ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting plate, and the annular ring is fixed to one side of the cleaning box through a transverse plate. A liquid collecting trough is provided on the top of the annular ring, and a plurality of second leakage holes are provided on the inner wall of the annular ring. Since the rotating disk is concave, it is used to gather potatoes in the middle and throw them outward under the action of centrifugal force. When the rotating disk rotates, the potatoes move outward under the action of centrifugal force and are blocked by the annular ring. When the rotating disk rotates clockwise, it can drive the potatoes to gradually rotate to the discharge port and be discharged to the outside. In the process of cooperation between the rotating disk and the annular ring, the moisture on the potatoes is thrown out and enters the liquid collecting trough through the second leakage holes, so as to avoid excessive moisture on the potatoes.
本发明中，多个所述输送辊转动设置在机架内，所述移动收集车内滑动块连接有斜面板，所述斜面板的底部两侧均固定有多个第一弹簧，多个所述第一弹簧的底端通过固定块固定在移动收集车的内壁，所述斜面板的一侧固定有档条；在对土豆运输时，多个输送辊之间的间隙对土豆进行筛选，小的土豆通过间隙落在斜面板上，在第一弹簧的让位作用下能够避免土豆坠落过程中损坏，且土豆掉落在斜面板上时，其上的泥土被振落，档条对泥土进行阻挡，初步清除土豆上的泥土，便于后期的清洗。In the present invention, a plurality of conveying rollers are rotatably arranged in a frame, a sliding block in the mobile collecting vehicle is connected with an inclined panel, a plurality of first springs are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the inclined panel, the bottom ends of the plurality of first springs are fixed to the inner wall of the mobile collecting vehicle through a fixing block, and a stop bar is fixed on one side of the inclined panel; when potatoes are transported, the gaps between the plurality of conveying rollers are used to screen the potatoes, and small potatoes fall onto the inclined panel through the gaps, and the potatoes can be prevented from being damaged during the falling process under the giving way effect of the first springs, and when the potatoes fall onto the inclined panel, the soil on them is shaken off, and the stop bar blocks the soil, and the soil on the potatoes is preliminarily cleared, which is convenient for later cleaning.
本发明中，在对土豆输送过程中能够对土豆进行筛分，且筛分过程中能够将土豆表层的泥土清除，避免过多的泥土致使清洁水太过浑浊影响后期的清洗，另外通过第二清洁筒、橡胶轮和镂空金属输送带的配合能够对土豆全面的清洁，此外通过转动盘与环形圈的配合能够在离心力的作用下将土豆表层的水分甩干。In the present invention, potatoes can be screened during the potato transportation process, and the soil on the surface of the potatoes can be removed during the screening process to prevent excessive soil from making the cleaning water too turbid and affecting subsequent cleaning. In addition, the potatoes can be fully cleaned through the cooperation of the second cleaning cylinder, the rubber wheel and the hollow metal conveyor belt. In addition, the moisture on the surface of the potatoes can be dried under the action of centrifugal force through the cooperation of the rotating disk and the annular ring.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的三维结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的三维剖视结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的架体、机架和U型架的三维爆炸结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a frame, a rack and a U-shaped frame of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的斜板、从动轴和U型架三维爆炸结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of an inclined plate, a driven shaft and a U-shaped frame of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的斜面板和第一弹簧的三维爆炸结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of an inclined plate and a first spring of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的镂空金属输送带的三维结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a hollow metal conveyor belt of a potato transportation device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的清洗箱和导泥板的三维剖视结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a cleaning box and a mud guide plate of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的第二清洁筒、齿轮和橡胶轮的三维爆炸结构示意图；FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a second cleaning cylinder, gears and rubber wheels of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例1所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的环形圈和转动盘的三维剖视结构示意图；FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of an annular ring and a rotating disk of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 1 of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例2所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的转动盘和连接板的三维爆炸结构示意图；FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a rotating disk and a connecting plate of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided by Example 2 of the present invention;
图11为本发明实施例2所提供的一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的环形圈和挡板的三维爆炸结构示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the annular ring and baffle of a potato transport device for sorting potatoes after picking provided in Example 2 of the present invention.
图中：1、清洗箱；2、架体；3、机架；4、输送辊；5、U型架；6、斜板；7、第一漏孔；8、凸条；9、限位板；10、主轴；11、第一清洁筒；12、从动轴；13、凸轮；14、放置板；15、导泥槽；16、导泥板；17、移动收集车；18、斜面板；19、档条；20、固定块；21、第一弹簧；22、导料板；23、第二清洁筒；24、齿轮；25、第一传送辊；26、第二传送辊；27、第三传送辊；28、镂空金属输送带；29、U型板；30、橡胶轮；31、横板；32、环形圈；33、集液槽；34、第二漏孔；35、转动盘；36、安装板；37、驱动轴；38、驱动电机；39、排料口；40、环形槽；41、V型槽；42、销柱；43、连接板；44、Z型杆；45、第二弹簧；46、基板；47、转轴；48、挡板；49、扭簧。In the figure: 1, cleaning box; 2, frame; 3, frame; 4, conveying roller; 5, U-shaped frame; 6, inclined plate; 7, first leak hole; 8, convex strip; 9, limit plate; 10, main shaft; 11, first cleaning cylinder; 12, driven shaft; 13, cam; 14, placement plate; 15, mud guide groove; 16, mud guide plate; 17, mobile collection vehicle; 18, inclined plate; 19, gear bar; 20, fixed block; 21, first spring; 22, guide plate; 23, second cleaning cylinder; 24, gear; 25, first conveying roller; 2 6. Second conveyor roller; 27. Third conveyor roller; 28. Hollow metal conveyor belt; 29. U-shaped plate; 30. Rubber wheel; 31. Horizontal plate; 32. Annular ring; 33. Liquid collecting trough; 34. Second leakage hole; 35. Rotating disk; 36. Mounting plate; 37. Drive shaft; 38. Drive motor; 39. Discharge port; 40. Annular groove; 41. V-shaped groove; 42. Pin; 43. Connecting plate; 44. Z-shaped rod; 45. Second spring; 46. Base plate; 47. Rotating shaft; 48. Baffle; 49. Torsion spring.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
参照图1-图10，运输设备，其运用在土豆运输设备领域内，该设备主要由清洗箱1、架体2、输送辊4、移动收集车17、U型架5、斜板6、第二清洁筒23、镂空金属输送带28、转动盘35、环形圈32、筛分结构、剥泥结构和清洗结构等部分组成。1 to 10, the transport equipment is used in the field of potato transport equipment. The equipment is mainly composed of a cleaning box 1, a frame 2, a conveying roller 4, a mobile collecting vehicle 17, a U-shaped frame 5, an inclined plate 6, a second cleaning cylinder 23, a hollow metal conveyor belt 28, a rotating disk 35, an annular ring 32, a screening structure, a mud peeling structure and a cleaning structure.
参照图2、图3和图7，筛分结构安装在架体2的顶部，具体包括机架3和多个输送辊4。多个输送辊4通过链轮、链条传动连接，形成连续的输送系统。输送辊4之间存在一定的间隙，当土豆经过时，小粒径的土豆会通过间隙落入下方的移动收集车17内。移动收集车17内设有斜面板18，斜面板18通过多个第一弹簧21与固定块20连接，实现弹性支撑。Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 7, the screening structure is installed on the top of the frame 2, and specifically includes a frame 3 and a plurality of conveying rollers 4. The plurality of conveying rollers 4 are connected by sprockets and chain transmission to form a continuous conveying system. There is a certain gap between the conveying rollers 4. When potatoes pass through, potatoes with small particle sizes will fall into the mobile collection vehicle 17 below through the gap. The mobile collection vehicle 17 is provided with an inclined panel 18, which is connected to the fixed block 20 through a plurality of first springs 21 to achieve elastic support.
具体的，当土豆落在斜面板18上时，第一弹簧21的让位作用能够减少土豆的冲击力，同时振动帮助振落土豆表层的泥土。斜面板18的一侧设有档条19，用于阻挡泥土落入移动收集车17内，实现泥土与土豆的初步分离。Specifically, when the potatoes fall on the inclined plate 18, the first spring 21 can reduce the impact force of the potatoes and vibrate to help shake off the soil on the surface of the potatoes. A stop bar 19 is provided on one side of the inclined plate 18 to prevent the soil from falling into the mobile collection vehicle 17, thereby achieving a preliminary separation of the soil and the potatoes.
参照图2、图3和图4，剥泥结构主要包括从动轴12、凸轮13、主轴10、第一清洁筒11和斜板6。从动轴12通过基座转动连接在架体2顶部，其外壁固定套设有多个凸轮13。主轴10转动连接在U型架5内，并位于斜板6的上方，主轴10的外壁固定套设有第一清洁筒11，第一清洁筒11的外壁设有毛刷，主轴10与从动轴12通过同步轮、同步带传动连接。2, 3 and 4, the mud stripping structure mainly includes a driven shaft 12, a cam 13, a main shaft 10, a first cleaning cylinder 11 and an inclined plate 6. The driven shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the top of the frame 2 through a base, and a plurality of cams 13 are fixedly sleeved on its outer wall. The main shaft 10 is rotatably connected in the U-shaped frame 5 and is located above the inclined plate 6. The outer wall of the main shaft 10 is fixedly sleeved with a first cleaning cylinder 11, and the outer wall of the first cleaning cylinder 11 is provided with a brush. The main shaft 10 and the driven shaft 12 are connected through a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt transmission.
具体的，工作时，电机驱动主轴10转动，通过同步轮、同步带带动从动轴12同步转动。凸轮13随从动轴12转动，驱动斜板6产生振动，从而将其上土豆表层的泥土振落。同时，第一清洁筒11的毛刷对经过的土豆进行刷洗，进一步去除泥土。斜板6内设有多个第一漏孔7，振落的泥土通过第一漏孔7排出，避免积累在斜板6上。Specifically, during operation, the motor drives the main shaft 10 to rotate, and drives the driven shaft 12 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The cam 13 rotates with the driven shaft 12, driving the inclined plate 6 to vibrate, thereby shaking off the soil on the surface of the potatoes. At the same time, the brush of the first cleaning cylinder 11 scrubs the potatoes passing by to further remove the soil. A plurality of first leakage holes 7 are provided in the inclined plate 6, and the shaken soil is discharged through the first leakage holes 7 to avoid accumulation on the inclined plate 6.
参照图2，清洗箱1内设有两个第二清洁筒23，其外壁设有毛刷，用于对土豆进行全面清洗。清洗箱1内还设有镂空金属输送带28，将清洗后的土豆向外侧输送。Referring to Fig. 2, two second cleaning cylinders 23 are provided in the cleaning box 1, and brushes are provided on the outer wall thereof for comprehensive cleaning of the potatoes. A hollow metal conveyor belt 28 is also provided in the cleaning box 1 to convey the cleaned potatoes to the outside.
参照图2、图6和图8，清洗结构包括在清洗箱1的底部内壁上滑动的U型板29。这个U型板29内部转动连接了一组橡胶轮30，这些橡胶轮30的位置恰好位于两个第二清洁筒23的正下方，其主要功能是在土豆经过时提供一定的阻碍，使土豆能够停留在两个第二清洁筒23之间。两个第二清洁筒23的外壁均固定套设有相互啮合的齿轮24，这样当其中一个第二清洁筒23被电机驱动转动时，另一个也会通过齿轮24的传动而相向转动，从而实现对土豆的全面清洁。为了实现土豆的连续输送和清洁，我们在清洗箱1内设置了两个第一传送辊25、一个第三传送辊27以及一个远离架体2设置的第二传送辊26。这些传送辊之间通过镂空金属输送带28连接，形成一个闭环的输送系统。Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, the cleaning structure includes a U-shaped plate 29 sliding on the inner wall of the bottom of the cleaning box 1. A group of rubber wheels 30 are rotatably connected inside the U-shaped plate 29, and the position of these rubber wheels 30 is just below the two second cleaning cylinders 23. Its main function is to provide a certain obstruction when the potatoes pass through, so that the potatoes can stay between the two second cleaning cylinders 23. The outer walls of the two second cleaning cylinders 23 are fixedly sleeved with mutually meshing gears 24, so that when one of the second cleaning cylinders 23 is driven to rotate by the motor, the other will also rotate in the opposite direction through the transmission of the gear 24, thereby achieving comprehensive cleaning of the potatoes. In order to achieve continuous conveying and cleaning of potatoes, two first conveying rollers 25, a third conveying roller 27 and a second conveying roller 26 set away from the frame 2 are arranged in the cleaning box 1. These conveying rollers are connected by a hollow metal conveyor belt 28 to form a closed-loop conveying system.
具体的，当土豆被输送到两个第二清洁筒23之间时，由于镂空金属输送带28与橡胶轮30的接触，输送带的运动会带动橡胶轮30转动，进而使停留在其上的土豆也随之转动，从而得到更为彻底的清洁。Specifically, when the potatoes are conveyed between the two second cleaning cylinders 23, due to the contact between the hollow metal conveyor belt 28 and the rubber wheel 30, the movement of the conveyor belt will drive the rubber wheel 30 to rotate, and then the potatoes resting thereon will also rotate, thereby obtaining a more thorough cleaning.
参照图2和图8，为了引导土豆进入清洁区域，我们在两个第二清洁筒23的上方固定了两个导料板22，它们的作用是将土豆准确地引导至两个清洁筒之间。2 and 8 , in order to guide the potatoes into the cleaning area, two guide plates 22 are fixed above the two second cleaning cylinders 23 , and their function is to accurately guide the potatoes between the two cleaning cylinders.
参照图2，在清洗箱1远离架体2的一侧设有转动盘35和环形圈32。土豆通过镂空金属输送带28输送至转动盘35上，随着转动盘35的旋转，土豆在环形圈32内被甩动，利用离心力将土豆表层的水分甩干。2, a rotating disk 35 and an annular ring 32 are provided on the side of the washing box 1 away from the frame 2. The potatoes are conveyed to the rotating disk 35 by the hollow metal conveyor belt 28. As the rotating disk 35 rotates, the potatoes are swung in the annular ring 32, and the moisture on the surface of the potatoes is spun off by centrifugal force.
参照图2和图9，离心结构主要由两个横板31、环形圈32、安装板36、驱动轴37、转动盘35、驱动电机38、集液槽33以及多个第二漏孔34组成。两个横板31固定在清洗箱1的一侧，并支撑起环形圈32。安装板36上转动连接了驱动轴37，驱动轴37的顶端固定连接了转动盘35，其底部则通过机架3上的驱动电机38驱动。转动盘35的顶部设计为内凹型，并覆盖有一层橡胶层以增加与土豆间的摩擦力。2 and 9, the centrifugal structure is mainly composed of two transverse plates 31, an annular ring 32, a mounting plate 36, a drive shaft 37, a rotating disk 35, a drive motor 38, a liquid collecting tank 33 and a plurality of second leak holes 34. The two transverse plates 31 are fixed to one side of the cleaning box 1 and support the annular ring 32. The mounting plate 36 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 37, the top of the drive shaft 37 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 35, and the bottom thereof is driven by the drive motor 38 on the frame 3. The top of the rotating disk 35 is designed to be concave and covered with a rubber layer to increase the friction between the rotating disk 35 and the potatoes.
具体的，当驱动电机38工作时，转动盘35会随之转动，土豆在离心力的作用下会向外侧移动，并被环形圈32阻挡。环形圈32上的第二漏孔34与集液槽33相连通，用于收集土豆在转动过程中被甩出的水分。当土豆被甩至排料口39处时，它们会自然掉落至下一处理环节。Specifically, when the driving motor 38 is working, the rotating disk 35 will rotate accordingly, and the potatoes will move outward under the action of centrifugal force and be blocked by the annular ring 32. The second leakage hole 34 on the annular ring 32 is connected to the liquid collecting tank 33, which is used to collect the water thrown out of the potatoes during the rotation process. When the potatoes are thrown to the discharge port 39, they will naturally fall to the next processing link.
参照图8-图10，为了实现U型板29的间歇移动以解除对土豆的阻挡，我们设计了联动机构。该机构包括设置在转动盘35底部的轨迹槽，轨迹槽由V型槽41和环形槽40组成，两者相连通。在轨迹槽内滑动配合有一个销柱42，销柱42的底部固定有连接板43，连接板43的一侧则固定有Z型杆44。Z型杆44的一端密封滑动延伸至清洗箱1内并与U型板29固定连接。此外，Z型杆44的外壁还套设有第二弹簧45，第二弹簧45的两端分别与清洗箱1和连接板43固定连接。Referring to Figures 8 to 10, in order to achieve intermittent movement of the U-shaped plate 29 to remove the obstruction to the potatoes, we designed a linkage mechanism. The mechanism includes a track groove arranged at the bottom of the rotating disk 35, and the track groove is composed of a V-shaped groove 41 and an annular groove 40, and the two are connected. A pin 42 is slidably fitted in the track groove, and a connecting plate 43 is fixed to the bottom of the pin 42, and a Z-shaped rod 44 is fixed to one side of the connecting plate 43. One end of the Z-shaped rod 44 extends into the washing box 1 in a sealed sliding manner and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate 29. In addition, the outer wall of the Z-shaped rod 44 is also sleeved with a second spring 45, and the two ends of the second spring 45 are respectively fixedly connected to the washing box 1 and the connecting plate 43.
具体的，当驱动电机38驱动转动盘35转动时，销柱42会在轨迹槽内滑动。当销柱42从V型槽41滑入环形槽40时，会带动连接板43和Z型杆44向左移动，进而推动U型板29滑动，使橡胶轮30解除对土豆的阻挡。当销柱42从环形槽40滑出并重新进入V型槽41时，由于第二弹簧45的弹力作用，连接板43和Z型杆44会向右移动复位，U型板29也随之恢复原位。这样，就实现了U型板29的间歇移动功能。Specifically, when the driving motor 38 drives the rotating disk 35 to rotate, the pin 42 will slide in the track groove. When the pin 42 slides from the V-shaped groove 41 into the annular groove 40, it will drive the connecting plate 43 and the Z-shaped rod 44 to move to the left, thereby pushing the U-shaped plate 29 to slide, so that the rubber wheel 30 can release the obstruction to the potatoes. When the pin 42 slides out of the annular groove 40 and re-enters the V-shaped groove 41, due to the elastic force of the second spring 45, the connecting plate 43 and the Z-shaped rod 44 will move to the right and reset, and the U-shaped plate 29 will also return to its original position. In this way, the intermittent movement function of the U-shaped plate 29 is realized.
通过上述实施方式，我们可以有效地实现土豆的连续输送、全面清洁以及离心脱水等处理流程，提高土豆的后续加工质量和效率。Through the above implementation methods, we can effectively realize the processing processes such as continuous transportation, comprehensive cleaning and centrifugal dehydration of potatoes, and improve the subsequent processing quality and efficiency of potatoes.
参照图1和图2，为了更有效地清除采摘后土豆表层的泥土，本实施方式详细描述了清洗箱1及斜板6的振动结构。在清洗箱1靠近移动收集车17的一侧，固定安装了一块位于斜板6下方的放置板14。该放置板14的主要作用是承载被斜板6振动时振落的泥土。1 and 2, in order to more effectively remove the dirt on the surface of the potatoes after picking, the present embodiment describes in detail the vibration structure of the washing box 1 and the inclined plate 6. On the side of the washing box 1 close to the mobile collection vehicle 17, a placing plate 14 is fixedly installed below the inclined plate 6. The main function of the placing plate 14 is to carry the dirt that is shaken off by the inclined plate 6 when it vibrates.
参照图2和图7，清洗箱1的一侧设有导泥槽15，导泥槽15内部固定安装了一块导泥板16。导泥板16的设计巧妙地与斜板6相配合，确保从斜板6上坠落的泥土能够顺畅地被导向至放置板14上，实现泥土的有效收集。2 and 7, a mud guide groove 15 is provided on one side of the cleaning box 1, and a mud guide plate 16 is fixedly installed inside the mud guide groove 15. The design of the mud guide plate 16 is cleverly matched with the inclined plate 6 to ensure that the mud falling from the inclined plate 6 can be smoothly guided to the placement plate 14, so as to achieve effective collection of the mud.
参照图4，斜板6的顶部固定有多个凸条8，这些凸条8在振动过程中起到了对土豆的阻挡作用，防止土豆直接滚落至清洗箱1内，从而使土豆能够在斜板6上承受更长时间的振动，提高泥土的清除效果。4 , a plurality of convex strips 8 are fixed to the top of the inclined plate 6, which block the potatoes during the vibration process and prevent the potatoes from rolling directly into the cleaning box 1, so that the potatoes can withstand the vibration on the inclined plate 6 for a longer time, thereby improving the soil removal effect.
参照图4，此外，U型架5内还固定安装了一块位于斜板6下方的限位板9，用于对斜板6进行限位，确保其在振动过程中保持稳定。凸轮13通过机械传动装置与斜板6连接，当凸轮13转动时，其轮廓的起伏带动斜板6产生振动，进而将土豆表层的泥土振落。Referring to Fig. 4, in addition, a limiting plate 9 is fixedly installed in the U-shaped frame 5 and is located below the inclined plate 6 to limit the inclined plate 6 and ensure that it remains stable during the vibration process. The cam 13 is connected to the inclined plate 6 through a mechanical transmission device. When the cam 13 rotates, the undulation of its profile drives the inclined plate 6 to vibrate, thereby shaking off the soil on the surface of the potatoes.
参照图9，为了进一步提升土豆的清洁度，本实施方式中的转动盘35顶部设计为内凹型，这种设计有助于土豆在转动过程中向中间聚集，并在离心力的作用下向外侧甩出。同时，转动盘35的顶部还铺设了一层橡胶层，以增加土豆与转动盘35之间的摩擦力，确保转动盘35能够有效地带动土豆转动进行水分的甩出作业。9 , in order to further improve the cleanliness of the potatoes, the top of the rotating disk 35 in this embodiment is designed to be concave, which helps the potatoes to gather in the middle during the rotation process and be thrown out to the outside under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, a rubber layer is laid on the top of the rotating disk 35 to increase the friction between the potatoes and the rotating disk 35, ensuring that the rotating disk 35 can effectively drive the potatoes to rotate and throw out the moisture.
具体的，当转动盘35开始旋转时，其上的土豆在离心力的作用下开始向外侧移动并甩出多余的水分。橡胶层的存在不仅提高了摩擦力，还减少了土豆在甩水过程中的损伤。Specifically, when the rotating disk 35 starts to rotate, the potatoes thereon start to move outwards under the action of centrifugal force and throw away the excess water. The presence of the rubber layer not only increases the friction force, but also reduces the damage of the potatoes during the water throwing process.
整体工作流程：土豆首先通过输送辊4进行输送和初步筛分，小粒径土豆落入移动收集车17内。大粒径土豆继续向前输送至剥泥结构，经过斜板6的振动和第一清洁筒11的刷洗，去除表层泥土。随后，土豆进入清洗箱1内，经过第二清洁筒23的全面清洗和镂空金属输送带28的输送，最后通过转动盘35和环形圈32的甩干作用，去除表层水分，完成整个分拣、清洗和甩干流程。。Overall workflow: potatoes are first conveyed and preliminarily screened by conveyor rollers 4, and small-size potatoes fall into mobile collection vehicle 17. Large-size potatoes continue to be conveyed forward to the desludging structure, where they are vibrated by inclined plates 6 and scrubbed by first cleaning cylinders 11 to remove surface dirt. Subsequently, potatoes enter the cleaning box 1, where they are fully cleaned by second cleaning cylinders 23 and conveyed by hollow metal conveyor belts 28, and finally, the surface moisture is removed by the drying action of rotating disks 35 and annular rings 32, completing the entire sorting, cleaning and drying process.
实施例2Example 2
参考图11，在实施例1的基础上改进：为了实现土豆的分级排料，本实施方式在环形圈32的顶部固定安装了两个基板46，两个基板46之间转动连接了一根转轴47。转轴47的外壁固定套设了一个用于封闭排料口39的挡板48，同时转轴47的外壁还套设了两个扭簧49。Referring to FIG11 , an improvement is made on the basis of Example 1: In order to realize the graded discharge of potatoes, two base plates 46 are fixedly installed on the top of the annular ring 32 in this embodiment, and a rotating shaft 47 is rotatably connected between the two base plates 46. A baffle 48 for closing the discharge port 39 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 47, and two torsion springs 49 are also sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 47.
两个扭簧49相互靠近的一端分别与挡板48的两侧固定连接，而相互远离的一端则分别与两个基板46固定连接。这种设计使得挡板48能够在扭簧49的作用下保持对排料口39的封闭状态。The ends of the two torsion springs 49 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the two sides of the baffle 48, while the ends that are far away from each other are fixedly connected to the two base plates 46. This design enables the baffle 48 to maintain the closed state of the discharge port 39 under the action of the torsion springs 49.
具体的，当土豆在环形圈32内随转动盘35转动时，如果其受到的离心力小于扭簧49的扭力，那么土豆将被挡板48阻挡而无法通过排料口39落入外界的收集框中。这样，土豆就可以在环形圈32内继续转动以清除更多的水分。Specifically, when the potatoes rotate with the rotating disk 35 in the annular ring 32, if the centrifugal force on them is less than the torsion of the torsion spring 49, the potatoes will be blocked by the baffle 48 and cannot fall into the external collection frame through the discharge port 39. In this way, the potatoes can continue to rotate in the annular ring 32 to remove more water.
然而，随着转动盘35转速的增加，土豆所受的离心力也会逐渐增大。当离心力大于扭簧49的扭力时，土豆将推动挡板48绕转轴47转动，从而打开排料口39并落入下方的收集框中。这种设计实现了土豆的自动分级排料功能，提高了整个土豆运输设备的自动化程度和清洁效率。However, as the rotation speed of the rotating disk 35 increases, the centrifugal force on the potatoes will gradually increase. When the centrifugal force is greater than the torque of the torsion spring 49, the potatoes will push the baffle 48 to rotate around the rotating shaft 47, thereby opening the discharge port 39 and falling into the collection frame below. This design realizes the automatic grading and discharge function of potatoes, and improves the automation level and cleaning efficiency of the entire potato transportation equipment.
一种采摘后分拣的土豆运输设备的运输方法，包括以下步骤：A method for transporting potatoes after picking and sorting, comprising the following steps:
S1、将采摘后的土豆投放在输送辊4上，多个输送辊4通过链轮、链条传动连接，由于多个输送辊4之间存在一定间隙，在对土豆运输时，多个输送辊4对大小不同的土豆进行筛选，小的土豆通过间隙落在斜面板18上，在第一弹簧21的让位作用下能够避免土豆坠落过程中损坏，且土豆掉落在斜面板18上时，其上的泥土被振落，在斜面板18将土豆向一侧排放时，档条19对泥土进行阻挡，初步清除土豆上的泥土，便于后期的清洗；S1, putting the picked potatoes on the conveyor roller 4, and the multiple conveyor rollers 4 are connected by sprockets and chains. Since there are certain gaps between the multiple conveyor rollers 4, when transporting potatoes, the multiple conveyor rollers 4 screen potatoes of different sizes, and small potatoes fall on the inclined plate 18 through the gaps. Under the giving effect of the first spring 21, the potatoes can be prevented from being damaged during the falling process, and when the potatoes fall on the inclined plate 18, the soil on them is shaken off. When the inclined plate 18 discharges the potatoes to one side, the stop bar 19 blocks the soil, preliminarily clears the soil on the potatoes, and facilitates the later cleaning;
S2、粒径大的土豆通过斜板6落入清洗箱1内，通过电机驱动主轴10和第一清洁筒11转动，主轴10与从动轴12之间通过同步轮、同步带传动连接，凸轮13带动斜板6振动，用于将其上土豆表层附着的泥土振落，且振落的泥土通过第一漏孔7落在放置板14上，而凸条8对土豆进行阻挡，避免土豆直接滚落至清洗箱1内，且斜板6将土豆向一侧振动排放时，第一清洁筒11能够进一步将土豆表层的泥土刷除，斜板6与导泥板16的配合，能够将从斜板6上振落的泥土重新排放至放置板14上，避免泥土进入清洗箱1内，影响清洗箱1内水的清洁度；S2, potatoes with large particle size fall into the washing box 1 through the inclined plate 6, and the main shaft 10 and the first cleaning cylinder 11 are driven by the motor to rotate. The main shaft 10 and the driven shaft 12 are connected by synchronous wheels and synchronous belts. The cam 13 drives the inclined plate 6 to vibrate, which is used to shake off the soil attached to the surface of the potatoes, and the shaken soil falls on the placement plate 14 through the first leakage hole 7, and the convex strips 8 block the potatoes to prevent the potatoes from rolling directly into the washing box 1. When the inclined plate 6 vibrates and discharges the potatoes to one side, the first cleaning cylinder 11 can further brush off the soil on the surface of the potatoes. The cooperation between the inclined plate 6 and the mud guide plate 16 can discharge the soil shaken off from the inclined plate 6 to the placement plate 14 again, so as to prevent the soil from entering the washing box 1 and affecting the cleanliness of the water in the washing box 1;
S3、两个导料板22的配合将落在清洗箱1内的土豆引导至两个第二清洁筒23之间，通过电机驱动其中一个第二清洁筒23转动，且两个第二清洁筒23通过两个齿轮24传动连接，两个第二清洁筒23相向转动，由于橡胶轮30位于两个第二清洁筒23的下方，对土豆进行阻碍，土豆能够停留在两个第二清洁筒23之间，且镂空金属输送带28与橡胶轮30碰触，镂空金属输送带28带动橡胶轮30转动，橡胶轮30带动其上的土豆转动，因此两个第二清洁筒23能够较为全面的对土豆进行清洁；S3, the cooperation of the two guide plates 22 guides the potatoes falling into the cleaning box 1 to between the two second cleaning cylinders 23, and one of the second cleaning cylinders 23 is driven to rotate by the motor, and the two second cleaning cylinders 23 are connected by two gears 24, and the two second cleaning cylinders 23 rotate towards each other. Since the rubber wheel 30 is located below the two second cleaning cylinders 23, it hinders the potatoes, and the potatoes can stay between the two second cleaning cylinders 23, and the hollow metal conveyor belt 28 touches the rubber wheel 30, the hollow metal conveyor belt 28 drives the rubber wheel 30 to rotate, and the rubber wheel 30 drives the potatoes thereon to rotate, so the two second cleaning cylinders 23 can clean the potatoes more comprehensively;
S4、另外在驱动电机38驱动驱动轴37和转动盘35转动时，通过销柱42与环形槽40和V型槽41的配合能够间歇驱动连接板43和Z型杆44左右移动，Z型杆44带动U型板29移动，橡胶轮30解除对土豆的阻挡，土豆掉落在镂空金属输送带28上，镂空金属输送带28将清洁后的土豆向右侧输送并落至转动盘35上；S4. In addition, when the driving motor 38 drives the driving shaft 37 and the rotating disk 35 to rotate, the pin 42 cooperates with the annular groove 40 and the V-shaped groove 41 to intermittently drive the connecting plate 43 and the Z-shaped rod 44 to move left and right, and the Z-shaped rod 44 drives the U-shaped plate 29 to move, and the rubber wheel 30 releases the obstruction to the potatoes, and the potatoes fall onto the hollow metal conveyor belt 28, and the hollow metal conveyor belt 28 conveys the cleaned potatoes to the right and falls onto the rotating disk 35;
S5、转动盘35带动其上的土豆转动，由于转动盘35呈内凹型，用于使土豆向中间聚集并在离心力的作用下向外侧甩出，且其顶部设置一层橡胶层，用于增加转动盘35与土豆间的摩擦力，在转动盘35转动时，土豆在离心力的作用下向外侧移动并被环形圈32阻挡，且转动盘35顺时针转动时能够带动土豆逐渐转动至排料口39处，在转动盘35与环形圈32的配合过程中土豆上的水分被甩出并同通过第二漏孔34进入集液槽33内，避免土豆上的水分过多；S5, the rotating disk 35 drives the potatoes thereon to rotate. Since the rotating disk 35 is concave, it is used to gather the potatoes in the middle and throw them outward under the action of centrifugal force. A rubber layer is arranged on the top of the rotating disk 35 to increase the friction between the rotating disk 35 and the potatoes. When the rotating disk 35 rotates, the potatoes move outward under the action of centrifugal force and are blocked by the annular ring 32. When the rotating disk 35 rotates clockwise, it can drive the potatoes to gradually rotate to the discharge port 39. In the process of cooperation between the rotating disk 35 and the annular ring 32, the moisture on the potatoes is thrown out and enters the liquid collecting tank 33 through the second leakage hole 34, so as to avoid excessive moisture on the potatoes.
S6、当土豆的受到的离心力小于扭簧49的扭力时，土豆被挡板48阻挡无法通过排料口39落入外界的收集框中，那土豆能够继续在环形圈32内清除水分，随着转动盘35的转速增加，土豆的离心力大于扭簧49的扭力时，土豆推动挡板48转动，通过排料口39落在收集框中。S6. When the centrifugal force on the potatoes is less than the torque of the torsion spring 49, the potatoes are blocked by the baffle 48 and cannot fall into the external collection frame through the discharge port 39. Then the potatoes can continue to remove moisture in the annular ring 32. As the speed of the rotating disk 35 increases, the centrifugal force of the potatoes is greater than the torque of the torsion spring 49, and the potatoes push the baffle 48 to rotate and fall into the collection frame through the discharge port 39.
然而，如本领域技术人员所熟知的，驱动电机38的工作原理和接线方法是司空见惯的，其均属于常规手段或者公知常识，在此就不再赘述，本领域技术人员可以根据其需要或者便利进行任意的选配。However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principle and wiring method of the drive motor 38 are commonplace, and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art may make any optional selections according to their needs or convenience.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411323434.5ACN118844644B (en) | 2024-09-23 | 2024-09-23 | Potato conveying equipment and conveying method for sorting picked potatoes |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411323434.5ACN118844644B (en) | 2024-09-23 | 2024-09-23 | Potato conveying equipment and conveying method for sorting picked potatoes |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118844644Atrue CN118844644A (en) | 2024-10-29 |
| CN118844644B CN118844644B (en) | 2024-12-24 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411323434.5AActiveCN118844644B (en) | 2024-09-23 | 2024-09-23 | Potato conveying equipment and conveying method for sorting picked potatoes |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118844644B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011056769B3 (en)* | 2011-12-21 | 2013-04-25 | Usg Umweltservice Gmbh & Co. Kg | Portable cleaning device for cleaning field crops, such as potatoes or roots, to which soil is stuck, has conveyor strip or portion of conveyor strip, which are inclined in acute angle for movement of field crops against gravitation force |
| CN207252744U (en)* | 2017-07-21 | 2018-04-20 | 河南省农业科学院 | A kind of wash vegetables dehydration combined machine suitable for vegetables production |
| CA3047464A1 (en)* | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-22 | 1167586 B.C. Ltd. | Apparatus, method and system for wet or dry processing of plant material |
| CN211379560U (en)* | 2019-12-24 | 2020-09-01 | 郴州山里青实业股份有限公司 | Belt cleaning device is used in agricultural product processing |
| CN113751321A (en)* | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-07 | 澧县华鑫粮食购销有限公司 | Quick screening device that washs of potato for agricultural product |
| CN115024988A (en)* | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-09 | 云南白药集团健康产品有限公司 | Preparation and application of antibacterial enamel remineralization liquid |
| CN218797457U (en)* | 2022-11-02 | 2023-04-07 | 山东青果食品有限公司 | Sorting equipment for vegetable processing |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011056769B3 (en)* | 2011-12-21 | 2013-04-25 | Usg Umweltservice Gmbh & Co. Kg | Portable cleaning device for cleaning field crops, such as potatoes or roots, to which soil is stuck, has conveyor strip or portion of conveyor strip, which are inclined in acute angle for movement of field crops against gravitation force |
| CN207252744U (en)* | 2017-07-21 | 2018-04-20 | 河南省农业科学院 | A kind of wash vegetables dehydration combined machine suitable for vegetables production |
| CA3047464A1 (en)* | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-22 | 1167586 B.C. Ltd. | Apparatus, method and system for wet or dry processing of plant material |
| CN211379560U (en)* | 2019-12-24 | 2020-09-01 | 郴州山里青实业股份有限公司 | Belt cleaning device is used in agricultural product processing |
| CN113751321A (en)* | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-07 | 澧县华鑫粮食购销有限公司 | Quick screening device that washs of potato for agricultural product |
| CN115024988A (en)* | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-09 | 云南白药集团健康产品有限公司 | Preparation and application of antibacterial enamel remineralization liquid |
| CN218797457U (en)* | 2022-11-02 | 2023-04-07 | 山东青果食品有限公司 | Sorting equipment for vegetable processing |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118844644B (en) | 2024-12-24 |
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