技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于钻井工程技术领域，涉及适合于高温复杂难钻地层环境的导向钻井工具，具体涉及一种高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置及增斜方法。The present invention belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering, and relates to a directional drilling tool suitable for high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environments, and specifically relates to an automatic downhole inclination increasing device and inclination increasing method in high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environments.
背景技术Background Art
深层油气、深层地热是未来能源领域重要接替，导向钻井是深层油气、深层地热开发不可或缺的技术工艺，高温环境、难钻地层、复杂岩性是深层导向钻井的突出难题和重大挑战。现有导向钻井包括滑动导向和旋转导向，滑动导向依托井下动力钻具实现，旋转导向依托于旋转导向钻井工具实现，但动力钻具内部的橡胶定子及旋转导向钻井工具内部的电路元器件等部件难以适应高温复杂难钻环境作业要求，制约甚至限制了深层油气及深层地热资源的开发，研发能够适应高温复杂难钻环境的导向钻井装置意义重大。Deep oil and gas, deep geothermal are important successors in the future energy field. Guided drilling is an indispensable technical process for the development of deep oil and gas and deep geothermal. High temperature environment, difficult-to-drill formations, and complex lithology are outstanding problems and major challenges for deep guided drilling. Existing guided drilling includes sliding guide and rotary guide. Sliding guide is realized by downhole power drilling tools, and rotary guide is realized by rotary guide drilling tools. However, the rubber stator inside the power drilling tool and the circuit components inside the rotary guide drilling tool are difficult to adapt to the high temperature, complex and difficult drilling environment. The development of deep oil and gas and deep geothermal resources is restricted and even limited. The research and development of guided drilling equipment that can adapt to high temperature, complex and difficult drilling environments is of great significance.
基于此，本申请提出一种高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置及增斜方法，该装置采用机械结构，无大量橡胶件、无电子元器件，能够耐受高温环境，能够适应复杂难钻地层钻井，通过整体结构设置以及相应流道设计，钻进过程中，当任意推力体转动至下侧使传压流道与增斜流道连通时，一部分钻井液流向滑槽对转动至下侧的推力体产生推力，使转动至下侧的推力体沿径向向外运动而对下部井壁产生作用，下部井壁对相应的推力体产生向上的反作用力，该反作用力形成对增斜装置钻头端的向上推力，从而达到自动增斜的目的。Based on this, the present application proposes an automatic downhole inclination increasing device and inclination increasing method for a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment. The device adopts a mechanical structure, does not have a large number of rubber parts, and does not have electronic components. It can withstand high-temperature environments and can adapt to drilling in complex and difficult-to-drill formations. Through the overall structural setting and corresponding flow channel design, during the drilling process, when any thrust body rotates to the lower side to connect the pressure transmission flow channel with the inclination increasing flow channel, a part of the drilling fluid flows to the slide groove to generate thrust on the thrust body rotated to the lower side, so that the thrust body rotated to the lower side moves radially outward and acts on the lower well wall. The lower well wall generates an upward reaction force on the corresponding thrust body, and the reaction force forms an upward thrust on the drill bit end of the inclination increasing device, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic inclination increasing.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置及增斜方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide an automatic downhole inclination increasing device and inclination increasing method for a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置，包括外筒体，所述外筒体包括沿轴向依次同轴相连的上接头、钻压扭矩传递筒、侧向力接头；An automatic downhole deflection increasing device for high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environments comprises an outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder comprises an upper joint, a drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder and a lateral force joint which are coaxially connected in sequence along the axial direction;
所述侧向力接头的径向外部沿圆周方向均匀设置若干滑槽，所述滑槽内沿侧向力接头的径向方向密封滑动配合有推力体，所述推力体与滑槽之间设置有促使推力体沿侧向力接头径向方向向内滑动的复位件；A plurality of slide grooves are evenly arranged on the radial outer portion of the lateral force joint along the circumferential direction, a thrust body is sealingly and slidingly fitted in the slide groove along the radial direction of the lateral force joint, and a reset member is arranged between the thrust body and the slide groove to force the thrust body to slide inwardly along the radial direction of the lateral force joint;
所述钻压扭矩传递筒内部设置芯轴，所述芯轴与钻压扭矩传递筒进行转动配合，所述芯轴的一侧沿轴向方向设置有若干加重金属块，所述加重金属块的重心偏离芯轴的中心轴线，所有加重金属块的重心位于一条重心连线上，所述重心连线与芯轴的中心轴线相平行；A mandrel is arranged inside the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder, and the mandrel is rotatably matched with the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder. A plurality of weighted metal blocks are arranged along the axial direction on one side of the mandrel, and the center of gravity of the weighted metal blocks deviates from the central axis of the mandrel. The centers of gravity of all the weighted metal blocks are located on a center of gravity line, and the center of gravity line is parallel to the central axis of the mandrel.
所述芯轴远离上接头的一端与流道控制体固定连接；One end of the core shaft away from the upper joint is fixedly connected to the flow channel control body;
所述上接头的中心处设置有沿轴向贯通的第一钻井液流道，所述钻压扭矩传递筒与芯轴之间形成与第一钻井液流道相连通的第二钻井液流道，所述侧向力接头的内部设置有沿轴向贯通的第三钻井液流道，所述外筒体与流道控制体之间形成用来连通第二钻井液流道、第三钻井液流道的增斜流道，所述增斜流道的轴向横截面呈扇形结构，所述增斜流道与加重金属块位于芯轴的同一侧；A first drilling fluid flow channel is axially penetrated at the center of the upper joint, a second drilling fluid flow channel connected to the first drilling fluid flow channel is formed between the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder and the core shaft, a third drilling fluid flow channel is axially penetrated inside the lateral force joint, an inclination flow channel for connecting the second drilling fluid flow channel and the third drilling fluid flow channel is formed between the outer cylinder and the flow channel control body, the axial cross section of the inclination flow channel is a fan-shaped structure, and the inclination flow channel and the weighted metal block are located on the same side of the core shaft;
所述增斜流道过芯轴中心轴线的径向平分截面为平面M，所述重心连线与芯轴中心轴线确定的平面为平面N，所述平面M和平面N共面；The radial bisector section of the inclined flow channel passing through the central axis of the core shaft is plane M, the plane defined by the center of gravity line and the central axis of the core shaft is plane N, and plane M and plane N are coplanar;
所述滑槽的中心处设置有贯通至侧向力接头径向内侧壁的传压流道。A pressure transmission channel penetrating to the radial inner wall of the lateral force joint is arranged at the center of the slide groove.
优选的，所述增斜流道轴向横截面中扇形结构对应的圆心角α为180°。Preferably, the central angle α corresponding to the fan-shaped structure in the axial cross section of the inclined flow channel is 180°.
优选的，相适配的流道控制体径向外壁面、侧向力接头内壁面之间设置密封件。Preferably, a sealing member is provided between the radial outer wall surface of the flow channel control body and the inner wall surface of the lateral force joint that are matched with each other.
优选的，所述芯轴外壁面与钻压扭矩传递筒内壁面之间通过沿轴向方向布置的上部轴承组件、下部轴承组件进行转动配合，所述加重金属块位于上部轴承组件、下部轴承组件之间；Preferably, the outer wall surface of the mandrel and the inner wall surface of the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder are rotationally matched through an upper bearing assembly and a lower bearing assembly arranged in the axial direction, and the weighted metal block is located between the upper bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly;
所述上部轴承组件包括上部轴承支撑体、上部轴承，所述下部轴承组件包括下部轴承支撑体、下部轴承；The upper bearing assembly includes an upper bearing support body and an upper bearing, and the lower bearing assembly includes a lower bearing support body and a lower bearing;
所述上部轴承内圈与芯轴外壁面固定连接，所述上部轴承外圈与上部轴承支撑体固定连接；所述下部轴承内圈与芯轴外壁面固定连接，所述下部轴承外圈与下部轴承支撑体固定连接；所述上部轴承支撑体、下部轴承支撑体的外壁面与钻压扭矩传递筒的内壁面固定连接；所述上部轴承支撑体、下部轴承支撑体的中部设置有适配芯轴的通孔；The upper bearing inner ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the core shaft, and the upper bearing outer ring is fixedly connected to the upper bearing support body; the lower bearing inner ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the core shaft, and the lower bearing outer ring is fixedly connected to the lower bearing support body; the outer wall surfaces of the upper bearing support body and the lower bearing support body are fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder; the middle parts of the upper bearing support body and the lower bearing support body are provided with through holes adapted to the core shaft;
所述上部轴承支撑体、下部轴承支撑体上沿圆周方向均匀设置若干用于钻井液通过的轴向贯通孔。A plurality of axial through holes for drilling fluid to pass through are evenly arranged on the upper bearing support body and the lower bearing support body along the circumferential direction.
优选的，所述上部轴承组件、下部轴承组件之间的芯轴外壁面上沿沿圆周方向均匀设置若干芯轴翼肋，所有芯轴翼肋的外壁面位于同一个圆柱面上，所述加重金属块位于其中一个芯轴翼肋内。Preferably, a plurality of core shaft ribs are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer wall surface of the core shaft between the upper bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly, the outer wall surfaces of all the core shaft ribs are located on the same cylindrical surface, and the weighted metal block is located in one of the core shaft ribs.
优选的，所述芯轴包括同轴设置的上芯轴、下芯轴，所述上芯轴的直径大于下芯轴的直径，所述芯轴翼肋设置在上芯轴上；Preferably, the mandrel comprises an upper mandrel and a lower mandrel coaxially arranged, the diameter of the upper mandrel is larger than the diameter of the lower mandrel, and the mandrel rib is arranged on the upper mandrel;
所述下芯轴延伸至侧向力接头内，所述流道控制体插入到下芯轴上，所述流动控制体与下芯轴之间通过防转键实现圆周方向的定位连接，所述下芯轴远离上芯轴的端部设置防护套以实现流动控制体轴向方向的定位连接。The lower core shaft extends into the lateral force joint, the flow control body is inserted into the lower core shaft, the flow control body and the lower core shaft are positioned and connected in the circumferential direction via an anti-rotation key, and a protective sleeve is provided at the end of the lower core shaft away from the upper core shaft to achieve the positioning connection of the flow control body in the axial direction.
优选的，靠近上接头的芯轴端部固定设置芯轴上防护体，所述芯轴上防护体面向上接头的一侧外壁呈半梭形结构，半梭形结构的小头端面向上接头；Preferably, a mandrel upper protection body is fixedly arranged at the end of the mandrel close to the upper joint, and the outer wall of the mandrel upper protection body facing the upper joint is a semi-shuttle shape structure, and the small end of the semi-shuttle shape structure faces the upper joint;
所述芯轴上防护体远离上接头的端部抵在上部轴承的端部。The end of the core shaft upper protection body away from the upper joint abuts against the end of the upper bearing.
优选的，所述推力体呈圆柱体结构，所述推力体沿侧向力接头径向方向的内端同轴固定设置滑动环，所述滑动环与滑槽之间进行密封滑动配合；Preferably, the thrust body is of cylindrical structure, and a sliding ring is coaxially fixedly arranged on the inner end of the thrust body in the radial direction of the lateral force joint, and a sealing sliding fit is performed between the sliding ring and the sliding groove;
所述滑动环沿侧向力接头径向方向的外端与滑槽的径向外端之间设置复位件。A reset piece is arranged between the outer end of the sliding ring along the radial direction of the lateral force joint and the radial outer end of the sliding groove.
优选的，所述推力体的中部设置有贯通的泄压孔，所述泄压孔靠近井眼环空的部位安装泄流喷嘴。Preferably, a through pressure relief hole is provided in the middle of the thrust body, and a discharge nozzle is installed at a position of the pressure relief hole close to the wellbore annulus.
本发明还提供一种高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜方法，。The present invention also provides an automatic downhole inclination increasing method in a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment.
高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜方法，采用高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置进行实施，所述增斜方法为：The automatic downhole inclination increasing method in a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment is implemented by using an automatic downhole inclination increasing device in a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment. The inclination increasing method is:
钻进过程中，平面N始终呈竖直状态且加重金属块、增斜流道位于下侧，钻井液沿第一钻井液流道、第二钻井液流道、增斜流道、第三钻井液流道到达钻头发挥正常作用，在上接头、钻压扭矩传递筒、侧向力接头构成的外筒体转动过程中，当任意推力体转动至下侧使传压流道与增斜流道连通时，一部分钻井液经连通的增斜流道、传压流道流向滑槽对转动至下侧的推力体产生推力，使转动至下侧的推力体沿径向向外运动而对下部井壁产生作用，下部井壁对相应的推力体产生向上的反作用力F，该反作用力形成对增斜装置钻头端的向上推力，控制钻井井斜增加。During the drilling process, the plane N is always in a vertical state and the weighted metal block and the inclination-increasing flow channel are located on the lower side. The drilling fluid reaches the drill bit along the first drilling fluid flow channel, the second drilling fluid flow channel, the inclination-increasing flow channel, and the third drilling fluid flow channel to play a normal role. During the rotation of the outer cylinder body composed of the upper joint, the drilling pressure torque transmission tube, and the lateral force joint, when any thrust body rotates to the lower side to connect the pressure transmission flow channel with the inclination-increasing flow channel, a part of the drilling fluid flows to the slide groove through the connected inclination-increasing flow channel and the pressure transmission flow channel to generate thrust on the thrust body rotated to the lower side, so that the thrust body rotated to the lower side moves radially outward and acts on the lower well wall. The lower well wall generates an upward reaction force F on the corresponding thrust body, and the reaction force forms an upward thrust on the drill bit end of the inclination-increasing device to control the increase in drilling inclination.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明增斜装置采用机械结构，无大量橡胶件、无电子元器件，能够耐受高温环境，能够适应复杂难钻地层钻井，通过整体结构设置以及相应流道设计，钻进过程中，当任意推力体转动至下侧使传压流道与增斜流道连通时，一部分钻井液流向滑槽对转动至下侧的推力体产生推力，使转动至下侧的推力体沿径向向外运动而对下部井壁产生作用，下部井壁对相应的推力体产生向上的反作用力F，该反作用力形成对增斜装置钻头端的向上推力，从而达到自动增斜的目的，即本申请增斜装置无需采用人为方式制定增斜措施或者改变原有钻井方法，不需要增加高精尖设备，不影响其它钻井工序的实施。The inclination increasing device of the present invention adopts a mechanical structure, without a large number of rubber parts and electronic components, can withstand high temperature environment, and can adapt to drilling in complex and difficult-to-drill formations. Through the overall structural setting and corresponding flow channel design, during the drilling process, when any thrust body rotates to the lower side to connect the pressure transmission flow channel with the inclination increasing flow channel, a part of the drilling fluid flows to the slide groove to generate thrust on the thrust body rotated to the lower side, so that the thrust body rotated to the lower side moves radially outward and acts on the lower well wall. The lower well wall generates an upward reaction force F on the corresponding thrust body, and the reaction force forms an upward thrust on the drill bit end of the inclination increasing device, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic inclination increasing. That is, the inclination increasing device of the present application does not need to adopt artificial methods to formulate inclination increasing measures or change the original drilling method, does not need to add high-precision equipment, and does not affect the implementation of other drilling processes.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.
图1是本发明高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic downhole inclination increasing device for high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environments according to the present invention;
图2是图1的A-A向剖视图；Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 1;
图3是图1的B-B向剖视图；Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of Fig. 1;
图4是图1的C-C向剖视图；Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of Fig. 1;
图5是本发明高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置自动增斜的原理示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of automatic inclination increase of the downhole automatic inclination increase device in a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment of the present invention;
其中：in:
1-上接头，101-第一钻井液流道，2-钻压扭矩传递筒，201-第二钻井液流道，3-芯轴上防护体，4-上部轴承支撑体，5-芯轴，501-芯轴翼肋，6-加重金属块，7-下部轴承，8-下部轴承支撑体，9-流道控制体，901-增斜流道，10-推力体，1001-传压流道，1002-泄压孔，11-泄流喷嘴，12-滑动环，13-上部轴承，14-防转键，15-侧向力接头，1501-第三钻井液流道，1502-翼肋，16-防护套，17-复位件，18-轴向贯通孔，19-密封件，20-钻头，21-井壁。1-upper joint, 101-first drilling fluid flow channel, 2-drilling pressure torque transmission tube, 201-second drilling fluid flow channel, 3-core shaft upper protective body, 4-upper bearing support body, 5-core shaft, 501-core shaft rib, 6-weighted metal block, 7-lower bearing, 8-lower bearing support body, 9-flow channel control body, 901-increase inclination flow channel, 10-thrust body, 1001-pressure transmission flow channel, 1002-pressure relief hole, 11-flow relief nozzle, 12-sliding ring, 13-upper bearing, 14-anti-rotation key, 15-lateral force joint, 1501-third drilling fluid flow channel, 1502-rib, 16-protective sleeve, 17-reset part, 18-axial through hole, 19-seal, 20-drill bit, 21-well wall.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and/or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.
在本发明中，术语如“上”、“下”、“底”、“顶”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，只是为了便于叙述本发明各部件或元件结构关系而确定的关系词，并非特指本发明中任一部件或元件，不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention. They do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.
本发明中，术语如“相连”、“连接”等应做广义理解，表示可以是固定连接，也可以是一体地连接或可拆卸连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的相关科研或技术人员，可以根据具体情况确定上述术语在本发明中的具体含义，不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that the connection can be fixed, integral or detachable; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field can determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances, and they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例1：Embodiment 1:
如图1-4所示，高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置，包括外筒体，所述外筒体包括沿轴向依次同轴相连的上接头1、钻压扭矩传递筒2、侧向力接头15；上接头1、钻压扭矩传递筒2、侧向力接头15依次连接构成增斜装置的外筒体，其中上接头1连接钻具，侧向力接头15连接钻头；As shown in Fig. 1-4, the downhole automatic inclination increasing device for high temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment comprises an outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder comprises an upper joint 1, a drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2, and a lateral force joint 15 which are coaxially connected in sequence along the axial direction; the upper joint 1, the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2, and the lateral force joint 15 are sequentially connected to form the outer cylinder of the inclination increasing device, wherein the upper joint 1 is connected to the drilling tool, and the lateral force joint 15 is connected to the drill bit;
所述侧向力接头15的径向外部沿圆周方向均匀设置若干滑槽，所述滑槽内沿侧向力接头15的径向方向密封滑动配合有推力体10，具体地，推力体10设置有3个；所述推力体10与滑槽之间设置有促使推力体10沿侧向力接头15径向方向向内滑动的复位件17；A plurality of slide grooves are evenly arranged on the radial outer portion of the lateral force joint 15 along the circumferential direction, and thrust bodies 10 are sealingly slidably fitted in the slide grooves along the radial direction of the lateral force joint 15. Specifically, three thrust bodies 10 are arranged; a reset member 17 is arranged between the thrust body 10 and the slide grooves to force the thrust body 10 to slide inwardly along the radial direction of the lateral force joint 15;
所述钻压扭矩传递筒2内部设置芯轴5，所述芯轴5与钻压扭矩传递筒2进行转动配合，所述芯轴5的一侧沿轴向方向设置有若干加重金属块6，所述加重金属块6的重心偏离芯轴5的中心轴线，所有加重金属块6的重心位于一条重心连线上，所述重心连线与芯轴5的中心轴线相平行；A mandrel 5 is arranged inside the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2, and the mandrel 5 is rotatably matched with the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2. A plurality of weighted metal blocks 6 are arranged on one side of the mandrel 5 along the axial direction, and the center of gravity of the weighted metal blocks 6 deviates from the central axis of the mandrel 5. The centers of gravity of all the weighted metal blocks 6 are located on a center of gravity line, and the center of gravity line is parallel to the central axis of the mandrel 5.
所述芯轴5远离上接头1的一端与流道控制体9固定连接；具体地，流道控制体9远离芯轴5的端部伸入到侧向力接头15内；The end of the core shaft 5 away from the upper joint 1 is fixedly connected to the flow channel control body 9; specifically, the end of the flow channel control body 9 away from the core shaft 5 extends into the lateral force joint 15;
所述上接头1的中心处设置有沿轴向贯通的第一钻井液流道101，所述钻压扭矩传递筒2与芯轴5之间形成与第一钻井液流道101相连通的第二钻井液流道201，所述侧向力接头15的内部设置有沿轴向贯通的第三钻井液流道1501，所述外筒体与流道控制体9之间形成用来连通第二钻井液流道201、第三钻井液流道1501的增斜流道901，所述增斜流道901的轴向横截面呈扇形结构，所述增斜流道901与加重金属块6位于芯轴5的同一侧；A first drilling fluid flow channel 101 is provided at the center of the upper joint 1 and is axially penetrated, a second drilling fluid flow channel 201 connected to the first drilling fluid flow channel 101 is formed between the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2 and the core shaft 5, a third drilling fluid flow channel 1501 is provided in the lateral force joint 15 and is axially penetrated, a deflection-increasing flow channel 901 for connecting the second drilling fluid flow channel 201 and the third drilling fluid flow channel 1501 is formed between the outer cylinder and the flow channel control body 9, the axial cross section of the deflection-increasing flow channel 901 is a fan-shaped structure, and the deflection-increasing flow channel 901 and the weighted metal block 6 are located on the same side of the core shaft 5;
所述增斜流道901过芯轴5中心轴线的径向平分截面为平面M，所述重心连线与芯轴5中心轴线确定的平面为平面N，所述平面M和平面N共面；The radial bisecting section of the inclined flow channel 901 passing through the central axis of the core shaft 5 is plane M, the plane defined by the center of gravity line and the central axis of the core shaft 5 is plane N, and the plane M and plane N are coplanar;
所述滑槽的中心处设置有贯通至侧向力接头15径向内侧壁的传压流道1001。A pressure transmission channel 1001 is provided at the center of the slide groove and passes through the radial inner wall of the lateral force joint 15 .
优选的，所述增斜流道901轴向横截面中扇形结构对应的圆心角α为180°。Preferably, the central angle α corresponding to the fan-shaped structure in the axial cross section of the inclined flow channel 901 is 180°.
优选的，相适配的流道控制体9径向外壁面、侧向力接头15内壁面之间设置密封件19；当流道控制体9与侧向力接头15之间发生相对转动时，密封件19的设置使流道控制体9的外壁面与侧向力接头15内壁面接触时实现密封。Preferably, a seal 19 is arranged between the radial outer wall surface of the matching flow channel control body 9 and the inner wall surface of the lateral force joint 15; when relative rotation occurs between the flow channel control body 9 and the lateral force joint 15, the setting of the seal 19 enables the outer wall surface of the flow channel control body 9 to contact the inner wall surface of the lateral force joint 15 to achieve sealing.
优选的，所述芯轴5外壁面与钻压扭矩传递筒2内壁面之间通过沿轴向方向布置的上部轴承组件、下部轴承组件进行转动配合，所述加重金属块6位于上部轴承组件、下部轴承组件之间；Preferably, the outer wall surface of the mandrel 5 and the inner wall surface of the drilling pressure torque transmission tube 2 are rotationally matched through an upper bearing assembly and a lower bearing assembly arranged in the axial direction, and the weighted metal block 6 is located between the upper bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly;
所述上部轴承组件包括上部轴承支撑体4、上部轴承13，所述下部轴承组件包括下部轴承支撑体8、下部轴承7；所述上部轴承13内圈与芯轴5外壁面固定连接，所述上部轴承13外圈与上部轴承支撑体4固定连接；所述下部轴承7内圈与芯轴5外壁面固定连接，所述下部轴承7外圈与下部轴承支撑体8固定连接；所述上部轴承支撑体4、下部轴承支撑体8的外壁面与钻压扭矩传递筒2的内壁面固定连接；所述上部轴承支撑体4、下部轴承支撑体8的中部设置有适配芯轴5的通孔；The upper bearing assembly includes an upper bearing support body 4 and an upper bearing 13, and the lower bearing assembly includes a lower bearing support body 8 and a lower bearing 7; the inner ring of the upper bearing 13 is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the core shaft 5, and the outer ring of the upper bearing 13 is fixedly connected to the upper bearing support body 4; the inner ring of the lower bearing 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the core shaft 5, and the outer ring of the lower bearing 7 is fixedly connected to the lower bearing support body 8; the outer wall surfaces of the upper bearing support body 4 and the lower bearing support body 8 are fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2; the middle parts of the upper bearing support body 4 and the lower bearing support body 8 are provided with through holes adapted to the core shaft 5;
所述上部轴承支撑体4、下部轴承支撑体8上沿圆周方向均匀设置若干用于钻井液通过的轴向贯通孔18。具体地，上部轴承支撑体4、下部轴承支撑体8上沿圆周方向均设置3个用于钻井液通过的轴向贯通孔18，轴向贯通孔18的横截面呈弧形孔结构。The upper bearing support body 4 and the lower bearing support body 8 are evenly provided with a plurality of axial through holes 18 for the drilling fluid to pass through along the circumferential direction. Specifically, three axial through holes 18 for the drilling fluid to pass through are provided along the circumferential direction on the upper bearing support body 4 and the lower bearing support body 8, and the cross section of the axial through hole 18 is an arc-shaped hole structure.
优选的，所述上部轴承组件、下部轴承组件之间的芯轴5外壁面上沿沿圆周方向均匀设置若干芯轴翼肋501，所有芯轴翼肋501的外壁面位于同一个圆柱面上，具体地，芯轴翼肋501设置3个，所述加重金属块6位于其中一个芯轴翼肋501内。Preferably, a plurality of core shaft ribs 501 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer wall surface of the core shaft 5 between the upper bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly, and the outer wall surfaces of all the core shaft ribs 501 are located on the same cylindrical surface. Specifically, three core shaft ribs 501 are arranged, and the weighted metal block 6 is located in one of the core shaft ribs 501.
优选的，所述芯轴5包括同轴设置的上芯轴、下芯轴，所述上芯轴的直径大于下芯轴的直径，所述芯轴翼肋501设置在上芯轴上；Preferably, the mandrel 5 comprises an upper mandrel and a lower mandrel coaxially arranged, the diameter of the upper mandrel is larger than the diameter of the lower mandrel, and the mandrel rib 501 is arranged on the upper mandrel;
所述下芯轴延伸至侧向力接头15内，所述流道控制体9插入到下芯轴上，所述流动控制体9与下芯轴之间通过防转键14实现圆周方向的定位连接，所述下芯轴远离上芯轴的端部设置防护套16以实现流动控制体9轴向方向的定位连接。The lower core shaft extends into the lateral force joint 15, and the flow control body 9 is inserted into the lower core shaft. The flow control body 9 and the lower core shaft are positioned and connected in the circumferential direction via an anti-rotation key 14. A protective sleeve 16 is provided at the end of the lower core shaft away from the upper core shaft to position and connect the flow control body 9 in the axial direction.
优选的，靠近上接头1的芯轴5端部固定设置芯轴上防护体3，所述芯轴上防护体3面向上接头1的一侧外壁呈半梭形结构，半梭形结构的小头端面向上接头1，芯轴上防护体3迫使钻井液流入上部轴承支撑体4内的轴向贯通孔18，防止对芯轴5构成冲蚀；Preferably, a core shaft upper protection body 3 is fixedly arranged at the end of the core shaft 5 near the upper joint 1, and the outer wall of the core shaft upper protection body 3 facing the upper joint 1 is a semi-shuttle-shaped structure, and the small end of the semi-shuttle-shaped structure faces the upper joint 1. The core shaft upper protection body 3 forces the drilling fluid to flow into the axial through hole 18 in the upper bearing support body 4 to prevent erosion of the core shaft 5;
所述芯轴上防护体3远离上接头1的端部抵在上部轴承13的端部。The end of the core shaft upper protection body 3 away from the upper joint 1 abuts against the end of the upper bearing 13 .
具体地，所述芯轴5的外壁面与芯轴上防护体3进行螺纹连接；Specifically, the outer wall surface of the core shaft 5 is threadedly connected to the protective body 3 on the core shaft;
优选的，所述侧向力接头15的外壁面上沿圆周方向均匀设置若干翼肋1502，所有翼肋1502的外壁面位于同一个圆柱面上；具体地，翼肋1502设置3个；Preferably, a plurality of ribs 1502 are evenly arranged on the outer wall surface of the lateral force joint 15 along the circumferential direction, and the outer wall surfaces of all the ribs 1502 are located on the same cylindrical surface; specifically, three ribs 1502 are arranged;
所述滑槽位于翼肋1502上。The slide groove is located on the rib 1502 .
优选的，所述推力体10呈圆柱体结构，所述推力体10沿侧向力接头15径向方向的内端同轴固定设置滑动环12，所述滑动环12与滑槽之间进行密封滑动配合；Preferably, the thrust body 10 is of cylindrical structure, and a sliding ring 12 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the inner end of the thrust body 10 along the radial direction of the lateral force joint 15, and a sealing sliding fit is performed between the sliding ring 12 and the slide groove;
所述滑动环12沿侧向力接头15径向方向的外端与滑槽的径向外端之间设置复位件17。A reset member 17 is arranged between the outer end of the sliding ring 12 in the radial direction of the lateral force joint 15 and the radial outer end of the sliding groove.
具体地，所述复位件17为弹性件或者压缩弹簧。Specifically, the reset member 17 is an elastic member or a compression spring.
优选的，所述推力体10的中部设置有贯通的泄压孔1002，所述泄压孔1002靠近井眼环空的部位安装泄流喷嘴11，用于泄压。Preferably, a through pressure relief hole 1002 is provided in the middle of the thrust body 10, and a discharge nozzle 11 is installed at a position of the pressure relief hole 1002 close to the wellbore annulus for pressure relief.
实施例2：Embodiment 2:
高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜方法，采用实施例1中的高温复杂难钻地层环境的井下自动增斜装置进行实施，所述增斜方法为：The automatic downhole inclination increasing method in a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment is implemented by using the automatic downhole inclination increasing device in a high-temperature, complex and difficult-to-drill formation environment in Example 1. The inclination increasing method is:
钻进过程中，平面N始终呈竖直状态且加重金属块6、增斜流道901位于下侧，钻井液沿第一钻井液流道101、第二钻井液流道201、增斜流道901、第三钻井液流道1501到达钻头20发挥正常作用，在上接头1、钻压扭矩传递筒2、侧向力接头15构成的外筒体转动过程中，当任意推力体10转动至下侧使传压流道1001与增斜流道901连通时，一部分钻井液经连通的增斜流道901、传压流道1001流向滑槽对转动至下侧的推力体10产生推力，使转动至下侧的推力体10沿径向向外运动而对下部井壁21产生作用，如图5所示，下部井壁21对相应的推力体10产生向上的反作用力F，该反作用力形成对增斜装置钻头端的向上推力，控制钻井井斜增加。During the drilling process, the plane N is always in a vertical state, and the weighted metal block 6 and the inclination flow channel 901 are located at the lower side. The drilling fluid reaches the drill bit 20 along the first drilling fluid flow channel 101, the second drilling fluid flow channel 201, the inclination flow channel 901, and the third drilling fluid flow channel 1501 to play a normal role. During the rotation of the outer cylinder body composed of the upper joint 1, the drilling pressure torque transmission cylinder 2, and the lateral force joint 15, when any thrust body 10 rotates to the lower side so that the pressure transmission flow channel 1001 and the lateral force joint 15 are connected, the thrust body 10 rotates to the lower side so that the pressure transmission flow channel 1001 and the lateral force joint 15 are connected. When the inclination-increasing flow channel 901 is connected, a part of the drilling fluid flows to the slide groove through the connected inclination-increasing flow channel 901 and the pressure-transmitting flow channel 1001, generating a thrust on the thrust body 10 rotating to the lower side, causing the thrust body 10 rotating to the lower side to move radially outward and act on the lower well wall 21. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower well wall 21 generates an upward reaction force F on the corresponding thrust body 10, and the reaction force forms an upward thrust on the drill bit end of the inclination-increasing device, thereby controlling the increase in drilling well inclination.
本发明增斜装置采用机械结构，无大量橡胶件、无电子元器件，能够耐受高温环境，能够适应复杂难钻地层钻井，通过整体结构设置以及相应流道设计，钻进过程中，当任意推力体10转动至下侧使传压流道1001与增斜流道901连通时，一部分钻井液流向滑槽对转动至下侧的推力体10产生推力，使转动至下侧的推力体10沿径向向外运动而对下部井壁21产生作用，下部井壁21对相应的推力体10产生向上的反作用力F，该反作用力形成对增斜装置钻头端的向上推力，从而达到自动增斜的目的，即本申请增斜装置无需采用人为方式制定增斜措施或者改变原有钻井方法，不需要增加高精尖设备，不影响其它钻井工序的实施。The inclination increasing device of the present invention adopts a mechanical structure, without a large number of rubber parts and electronic components, can withstand high temperature environment, and can adapt to drilling in complex and difficult-to-drill formations. Through the overall structural setting and corresponding flow channel design, during the drilling process, when any thrust body 10 rotates to the lower side to connect the pressure transmission flow channel 1001 with the inclination increasing flow channel 901, a part of the drilling fluid flows to the slide groove to generate thrust on the thrust body 10 rotated to the lower side, so that the thrust body 10 rotated to the lower side moves radially outward and acts on the lower well wall 21. The lower well wall 21 generates an upward reaction force F on the corresponding thrust body 10, and the reaction force forms an upward thrust on the drill bit end of the inclination increasing device, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic inclination increasing. That is, the inclination increasing device of the present application does not need to adopt artificial methods to formulate inclination increasing measures or change the original drilling method, does not need to add high-precision equipment, and does not affect the implementation of other drilling processes.
钻井过程中，本发明钻井系统对地面设施、钻井管柱、钻头类型没有特殊要求，施工人员的操作施工跟常规钻井完全相同，有利于推广和使用。During the drilling process, the drilling system of the present invention has no special requirements on ground facilities, drilling pipes, and drill bit types, and the operation and construction by construction personnel are exactly the same as conventional drilling, which is conducive to promotion and use.
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410926575.XACN118835925A (en) | 2024-07-11 | 2024-07-11 | Underground automatic inclination increasing device and method for high-temperature complex difficult-to-drill stratum environment |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410926575.XACN118835925A (en) | 2024-07-11 | 2024-07-11 | Underground automatic inclination increasing device and method for high-temperature complex difficult-to-drill stratum environment |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118835925Atrue CN118835925A (en) | 2024-10-25 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410926575.XAPendingCN118835925A (en) | 2024-07-11 | 2024-07-11 | Underground automatic inclination increasing device and method for high-temperature complex difficult-to-drill stratum environment |
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118835925A (en) |
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| US20060144623A1 (en)* | 2005-01-04 | 2006-07-06 | Andrew Ollerensaw | Downhole tool |
| CN104033104A (en)* | 2014-07-15 | 2014-09-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Automatic collision-proof drilling system |
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| CN112610158A (en)* | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Intelligent vertical drilling system and drilling method |
| CN216305826U (en)* | 2021-08-31 | 2022-04-15 | 大连华科机械有限公司 | Dynamic pushing type automatic vertical drilling tool |
| CN117514003A (en)* | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | High-build-rate drilling tool assembly device of rear deflection reducing centralizer |
| CN118049138A (en)* | 2024-04-16 | 2024-05-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotary steerable drilling system and drilling method for high temperature and thick target layer geological drilling |
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