技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及金属零件检测技术领域，具体领域为一种增材制造零件的缺陷在线检测装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of metal parts detection, and specifically relates to an online defect detection device for additively manufactured parts.
背景技术Background Art
金属增材制造基于“离散/堆积”的成型思想，使用逐层加工的方法，在基材表面逐渐堆积金属粉末形成实体零件，具有制造周期短、易加工结构复杂的零件等优点。可以实现复杂零件的一次成型，无需或只需少量的后处理工艺。这大大减少了传统加工技术中多次操作和组合的需求，为设计师提供了更多的自由度和创新空间。Metal additive manufacturing is based on the "discrete/accumulation" molding concept. It uses a layer-by-layer processing method to gradually accumulate metal powder on the surface of the substrate to form a solid part. It has the advantages of short manufacturing cycle and easy processing of parts with complex structures. Complex parts can be formed in one step without or with only a small amount of post-processing process. This greatly reduces the need for multiple operations and combinations in traditional processing technology, providing designers with more freedom and innovation space.
但在增材制造过程中，基材表面会形成移动熔池，且温度剧烈循环变化，不断地升温与降温，在凝固收缩应力等因素的作用下，基材与增材零件之间会出现孔洞或变形的缺陷。因此亟需一种检测装置，对金属增材零件进行检测，及时纠正缺陷、提高SLM（选择性激光熔化）增材零件的成形质量。However, during the additive manufacturing process, a moving molten pool will form on the surface of the substrate, and the temperature will change dramatically and cyclically, with continuous heating and cooling. Under the influence of factors such as solidification shrinkage stress, holes or deformation defects will appear between the substrate and the additive parts. Therefore, a detection device is urgently needed to detect metal additive parts, correct defects in time, and improve the forming quality of SLM (selective laser melting) additive parts.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种增材制造零件的缺陷在线检测装置，通过第一检测组件能够检测增材零件孔洞的缺陷，通过第二检测组件能够检测增材零件变形的缺陷，能够及时纠正缺陷、提高增材零件的成形质量。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an online defect detection device for additively manufactured parts, which can detect defects in holes of additively manufactured parts through a first detection component, and can detect defects in deformation of additively manufactured parts through a second detection component, so as to correct defects in time and improve the forming quality of additively manufactured parts.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种增材制造零件的缺陷在线检测装置，包括：下壳体，所述下壳体的顶部设有装配平面，所述下壳体的内部设有贯穿所述装配平面的第一腔室，所述第一腔室内设有转台，所述转台的顶面与所述装配平面平齐；上壳体，设在所述下壳体的上方，所述上壳体的内部设有第二腔室和第三腔室，所述第二腔室位于所述第三腔室的上方，且与所述第三腔室连通；第一检测组件，设在所述第二腔室内，所述第一检测组件包括第一驱动器，所述第一驱动器的输出端与等离子检测器相连，用于驱动所述等离子检测器在空间内做三维运动；两个第二检测组件，均设在所述第三腔室内，且分别位于所述转台的两侧，所述第二检测组件包括摆动杆，所述摆动杆的第一端部位于靠近所述转台一侧，所述摆动杆的第二端部设有光线发射器，所述摆动杆的底面与基座铰接，所述基座与所述摆动杆的第一端部之间的距离小于所述基座与所述摆动杆的第二端部之间的距离，所述上壳体的内壁底部固定设置有光线感受器，所述光线感受器的位置与所述光线发射器的位置相对应。To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an online defect detection device for additively manufactured parts, comprising: a lower shell, the top of the lower shell is provided with an assembly plane, the interior of the lower shell is provided with a first chamber penetrating the assembly plane, a turntable is provided in the first chamber, and the top surface of the turntable is flush with the assembly plane; an upper shell, arranged above the lower shell, the interior of the upper shell is provided with a second chamber and a third chamber, the second chamber is located above the third chamber and is connected to the third chamber; a first detection component, arranged in the second chamber, the first detection component includes a first driver, the output end of the first driver connected to the plasma detector and used to drive the plasma detector to perform three-dimensional movement in space; two second detection components are both arranged in the third chamber and are respectively located on both sides of the turntable, the second detection component includes a swing rod, the first end of the swing rod is located on the side close to the turntable, the second end of the swing rod is provided with a light emitter, the bottom surface of the swing rod is hinged to the base, the distance between the base and the first end of the swing rod is smaller than the distance between the base and the second end of the swing rod, and a light receptor is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the inner wall of the upper shell, and the position of the light receptor corresponds to the position of the light emitter.
优选的，所述上壳体包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第一壳体设在所述第二壳体的顶部，且与所述第二壳体固定连接，所述第一壳体的截面为圆形，所述第二壳体的截面为矩形，所述第二腔室位于所述第一壳体的内部，所述第三腔室位于所述第二壳体的内部；所述第一检测组件还包括：调位盒，所述第一驱动器固定设置在所述调位盒的外侧壁上；第二驱动器，设在所述调位盒的内部，所述第二驱动器的输出端与所述调位盒相连，用于驱动所述调位盒上下移动；第三驱动器，设在所述第一壳体内，所述第三驱动器的输出端与所述第二驱动器相连，用于驱动所述第二驱动器做圆周运动；所述第二检测组件还包括：配重块，固定设置在所述摆动杆的第一端部，所述摆动杆的第一端部呈L形结构；第四驱动器，固定设置在所述装配平面上，所述第四驱动器的输出端与所述基座相连，用于驱动所述基座上下移动以及驱动所述基座靠近或远离所述转台。Preferably, the upper shell includes a first shell and a second shell, the first shell is arranged on the top of the second shell and is fixedly connected to the second shell, the cross-section of the first shell is circular, the cross-section of the second shell is rectangular, the second chamber is located inside the first shell, and the third chamber is located inside the second shell; the first detection component also includes: a positioning box, the first driver is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the positioning box; a second driver is arranged inside the positioning box, the output end of the second driver is connected to the positioning box, and is used to drive the positioning box to move up and down; a third driver is arranged in the first shell, the output end of the third driver is connected to the second driver, and is used to drive the second driver to perform circular motion; the second detection component also includes: a counterweight block, which is fixedly arranged at the first end of the swing rod, and the first end of the swing rod is an L-shaped structure; a fourth driver is fixedly arranged on the assembly plane, and the output end of the fourth driver is connected to the base, and is used to drive the base to move up and down and drive the base to move close to or away from the turntable.
优选的，还包括两个换位移动组件，两个所述换位移动组件分别位于所述转台的两侧，两个所述第二检测组件均位于两个所述换位移动组件之间；所述换位移动组件包括：接收板，设在所述第三腔室内；第五驱动器，固定设置在所述装配平面上，所述第五驱动器的输出端与所述接收板相连，用于驱动所述接收板上下移动以及驱动所述接收板靠近或远离所述转台；所述第二驱动器包括：第一连接块，所述调位盒的内部设有第一装配腔，所述第一装配腔贯穿所述调位盒的顶面，所述第一连接块设在所述第一装配腔内，且与所述调位盒可拆卸连接；第一电动伸缩杆，设在所述第一连接块的上方，所述第一电动伸缩杆的输出端与所述第一连接块相连；锁定组件，设在所述调位盒的外侧壁上，且与所述第一驱动器位于相同侧，所述锁定组件的输出端与所述第一连接块相连。Preferably, it also includes two transposition movement components, the two transposition movement components are respectively located on both sides of the turntable, and the two second detection components are located between the two transposition movement components; the transposition movement component includes: a receiving plate, which is arranged in the third chamber; a fifth driver, which is fixedly arranged on the assembly plane, and the output end of the fifth driver is connected to the receiving plate, and is used to drive the receiving plate to move up and down and drive the receiving plate to move closer to or away from the turntable; the second driver includes: a first connecting block, a first assembly cavity is provided inside the adjustment box, the first assembly cavity passes through the top surface of the adjustment box, the first connecting block is arranged in the first assembly cavity, and is detachably connected to the adjustment box; a first electric telescopic rod is arranged above the first connecting block, and the output end of the first electric telescopic rod is connected to the first connecting block; a locking component is arranged on the outer side wall of the adjustment box and is located on the same side as the first driver, and the output end of the locking component is connected to the first connecting block.
优选的，所述调位盒远离所述第一驱动器一侧的外侧壁上设有弧形面，所述弧形面与所述第一壳体的内壁贴合，所述调位盒能够沿所述第一壳体的内壁滑动；所述调位盒内部的两端各设有一个滑动限位组件，所述第一壳体的内壁底部设有两个第一限位滑道，所述第一限位滑道呈C字形结构，相邻两个所述第一限位滑道的结构镜像对称；所述滑动限位组件包括：夹板，设在所述调位盒的上方；第六驱动器，设在所述调位盒内，且与所述调位盒的内壁固定连接，所述第六驱动器的输出端伸出所述调位盒，且与所述夹板的第一端部固定连接，用于驱动所述夹板旋转，所述夹板的第一端部位于靠近所述弧形面一侧，所述夹板的第二端部能够沿所述第一限位滑道滑动。Preferably, an arcuate surface is provided on the outer wall of the positioning box away from the first driver, the arcuate surface is in contact with the inner wall of the first shell, and the positioning box can slide along the inner wall of the first shell; a sliding limit assembly is provided at each of the two ends inside the positioning box, and two first limit slides are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the first shell, the first limit slides are in a C-shaped structure, and the structures of two adjacent first limit slides are mirror-symmetrical; the sliding limit assembly comprises: a clamping plate, which is arranged above the positioning box; a sixth driver, which is arranged in the positioning box and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the positioning box, the output end of the sixth driver extends out of the positioning box and is fixedly connected to the first end of the clamping plate for driving the clamping plate to rotate, the first end of the clamping plate is located on the side close to the arcuate surface, and the second end of the clamping plate can slide along the first limit slide.
优选的，所述夹板的第二端部的截面为矩形，所述第一限位滑道的形状与所述夹板的第二端部的形状相匹配；所述滑动限位组件还包括第一插板，所述第一插板固定设置在所述夹板的第二端部，同一所述调位盒上方的两个所述第一插板位于互相远离一侧，且位于同一平面内；所述第一限位滑道的中段内壁上设有插槽，所述第一插板能够沿所述插槽滑动，所述插槽的顶部和底部均设有弧形避让槽。Preferably, the cross-section of the second end of the clamping plate is rectangular, and the shape of the first limiting slide matches the shape of the second end of the clamping plate; the sliding limiting assembly also includes a first plug plate, which is fixedly arranged at the second end of the clamping plate, and the two first plug plates above the same adjustment box are located on the side away from each other and in the same plane; a slot is provided on the inner wall of the middle section of the first limiting slide, and the first plug plate can slide along the slot, and the top and bottom of the slot are provided with arc-shaped avoidance grooves.
优选的，所述调位盒的底面固定设置设有第二插板，所述接收板的顶面设有第二限位滑道，所述第二插板和所述第二限位滑道的长度延伸方向均与所述接收板的长度延伸方向相同，所述第二限位滑道的形状与所述第二插板的形状相匹配，所述第二插板能够沿所述第二限位滑道滑动；所述换位移动组件还包括：第二连接块，所述第二连接块的位置高于所述接收板，且位于所述接收板远离所述转台一侧；第七驱动器，所述接收板远离所述转台一侧的侧壁上设有第二装配腔，所述第七驱动器设在所述第二装配腔内，所述第七驱动器的输出端与所述第二连接块相连，用于驱动所述第二连接块靠近或远离所述转台以及驱动所述第二连接块在所述接收板的长度延伸方向上移动，所述调位盒远离所述第一驱动器一侧的外侧壁上设有避让孔。Preferably, a second plug plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the positioning box, and a second limiting slide is arranged on the top surface of the receiving plate, the length extension direction of the second plug plate and the second limiting slide is the same as the length extension direction of the receiving plate, the shape of the second limiting slide matches the shape of the second plug plate, and the second plug plate can slide along the second limiting slide; the transposition movement component also includes: a second connecting block, the position of the second connecting block is higher than the receiving plate, and is located on the side of the receiving plate away from the turntable; a seventh driver, a second assembly cavity is provided on the side wall of the receiving plate away from the turntable, the seventh driver is arranged in the second assembly cavity, the output end of the seventh driver is connected to the second connecting block, for driving the second connecting block to approach or move away from the turntable and driving the second connecting block to move in the length extension direction of the receiving plate, and an avoidance hole is provided on the outer side wall of the positioning box away from the first driver.
优选的，所述第七驱动器包括：第二电动伸缩杆，所述第二电动伸缩杆水平设置，所述第二电动伸缩杆的输出端伸出所述第二装配腔，且与连接板的第一端部固定连接，所述连接板呈L形结构，所述连接板的第二端部与所述第二连接块固定连接；牵引组件，所述牵引组件的输出端与所述第二电动伸缩杆相连，用于驱动所述第二电动伸缩杆在所述接收板的长度延伸方向上移动。Preferably, the seventh driver includes: a second electric telescopic rod, which is horizontally arranged, and the output end of the second electric telescopic rod extends out of the second assembly cavity and is fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting plate, the connecting plate is L-shaped, and the second end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the second connecting block; a traction assembly, the output end of the traction assembly is connected to the second electric telescopic rod, and is used to drive the second electric telescopic rod to move in the length extension direction of the receiving plate.
优选的，所述牵引组件包括：第三连接块，所述第二电动伸缩杆固定设置在所述第三连接块的侧壁上，所述第三连接块能够沿所述接收板的内壁滑动，所述第三连接块的顶面和底面均设有第三插板，所述第二装配腔的顶部和底部均设有第三限位滑道，所述第三插板伸入所述第三限位滑道内，且能够沿所述第三限位滑道滑动；两个拉拽组件，分别设在所述第三连接块的两侧；所述拉拽组件包括：转向轮，设在所述第二装配腔的端部，且与所述接收板的内壁转动连接；收纳轮，设在所述转向轮远离所述转台一侧，所述收纳轮与所述接收板的内壁转动连接；第一旋转电机，固定设置在所述接收板的底面上，所述第一旋转电机的输出端伸入所述第二装配腔内，且与所述收纳轮固定连接；牵引带，所述牵引带的第一端部与所述第三连接块固定连接，所述牵引带的第二端部绕过所述转向轮，且与所述收纳轮的侧壁固定连接。Preferably, the traction assembly comprises: a third connecting block, the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the third connecting block, the third connecting block can slide along the inner wall of the receiving plate, the top and bottom surfaces of the third connecting block are provided with a third plug plate, the top and bottom of the second assembly cavity are provided with a third limiting slide, the third plug plate extends into the third limiting slide and can slide along the third limiting slide; two pulling assemblies are respectively arranged on both sides of the third connecting block; the pulling assembly comprises: a steering wheel, which is arranged at the end of the second assembly cavity and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving plate; a storage wheel, which is arranged on the side of the steering wheel away from the turntable, and the storage wheel is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving plate; a first rotating motor, which is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the receiving plate, the output end of the first rotating motor extends into the second assembly cavity and is fixedly connected to the storage wheel; a traction belt, the first end of the traction belt is fixedly connected to the third connecting block, and the second end of the traction belt bypasses the steering wheel and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the storage wheel.
优选的，所述第一连接块朝向所述转台一侧的侧壁上设有若干等间距分布的第一弧形锁定槽，所述第二连接块朝向所述转台一侧的侧壁上设有若干等间距分布的第二弧形锁定槽，所述第二弧形锁定槽和所述第一弧形锁定槽的形状相同，所述调位盒朝向所述转台一侧的侧壁上设有若干锁定孔；所述锁定组件包括：若干弧形锁定杆，若干弧形锁定杆分别与若干所述锁定孔的位置相对应；施力板，若干所述弧形锁定杆均与所述施力板固定连接，所述施力板上设有凸板，所述凸板的第一端部与所述施力板固定连接，所述凸板的第二端部与所述弧形锁定杆的轴心共线；第二旋转电机，固定设置在所述调位盒的侧壁上，所述第二旋转电机的输出端与所述凸板的第二端部相连。Preferably, a plurality of first arc-shaped locking grooves distributed at equal intervals are provided on the side wall of the first connecting block facing the turntable side, a plurality of second arc-shaped locking grooves distributed at equal intervals are provided on the side wall of the second connecting block facing the turntable side, the second arc-shaped locking grooves and the first arc-shaped locking grooves have the same shape, and a plurality of locking holes are provided on the side wall of the adjustment box facing the turntable side; the locking assembly comprises: a plurality of arc-shaped locking rods, which respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of locking holes; a force plate, wherein the plurality of arc-shaped locking rods are fixedly connected to the force plate, a convex plate is provided on the force plate, a first end of the convex plate is fixedly connected to the force plate, and a second end of the convex plate is colinear with the axis of the arc-shaped locking rod; a second rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the adjustment box, and an output end of the second rotating motor is connected to the second end of the convex plate.
优选的，所述第二限位滑道的长度小于所述接收板的长度，所述接收板的两端与所述第二壳体的内壁之间存在间隙，所述第一壳体的内壁底部设有两个条形避让槽。Preferably, the length of the second limiting slide is smaller than the length of the receiving plate, there is a gap between the two ends of the receiving plate and the inner wall of the second shell, and two strip-shaped avoidance grooves are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the first shell.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
（一）本发明通过第一检测组件能够检测增材零件孔洞的缺陷，通过第二检测组件能够检测增材零件变形的缺陷，能够及时纠正缺陷、提高增材零件的成形质量。(i) The present invention can detect defects of holes in additive parts through the first detection component, and can detect defects of deformation of additive parts through the second detection component, so that defects can be corrected in time and the forming quality of additive parts can be improved.
（二）本发明还包括两个换位移动组件，调位盒能够脱离第二驱动器，并与第一驱动器和等离子检测器一同移动至换位移动组件上，使得等离子检测器更加接近增材零件，换位移动组件能够带动调位盒在水平方向上做往复运动，实现对增材零件表面的任意位置进行检测。(ii) The present invention also includes two transposition moving components. The positioning box can be separated from the second driver and moved to the transposition moving component together with the first driver and the plasma detector, so that the plasma detector is closer to the additive part. The transposition moving component can drive the positioning box to reciprocate in the horizontal direction to realize detection of any position on the surface of the additive part.
（三）本发明中调位盒内部的两端各设有一个滑动限位组件，第一壳体的内壁底部设有两个第一限位滑道，第一限位滑道呈C字形结构。当调位盒向下掉落时，滑动限位组件的输出端能够伸入第一限位滑道内，保证调位盒能够竖直向下掉落，不会出现倾斜的情况。(III) In the present invention, a sliding limit assembly is provided at each end of the interior of the position adjustment box, and two first limit slideways are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the first shell, and the first limit slideways are in a C-shaped structure. When the position adjustment box falls downward, the output end of the sliding limit assembly can extend into the first limit slideway, ensuring that the position adjustment box can fall vertically downward without tilting.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的主视结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明的侧视结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention;
图3为上壳体与下壳体分离后本发明的轴测图；FIG3 is an axonometric view of the present invention after the upper shell and the lower shell are separated;
图4为本发明中第一检测组件的轴测图；FIG4 is an axonometric view of the first detection assembly of the present invention;
图5为本发明中第二检测组件的轴测图；FIG5 is an isometric view of the second detection assembly of the present invention;
图6为本发明中上壳体和下壳体的轴测爆炸图；FIG6 is an axonometric exploded view of the upper shell and the lower shell of the present invention;
图7为图6中A处的放大图；FIG7 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG6 ;
图8为本发明中上壳体的顶视剖视图；FIG8 is a top cross-sectional view of the upper housing of the present invention;
图9为本发明中等离子检测器的轴测图；FIG9 is an axonometric view of a plasma detector according to the present invention;
图10为本发明中调位盒、锁定组件和滑动限位组件的轴测图；FIG10 is an isometric view of the position adjustment box, the locking assembly and the sliding limit assembly of the present invention;
图11为本发明中调位盒的轴测图；FIG11 is an axonometric view of the positioning box of the present invention;
图12为本发明中第一连接块的轴测剖视图；FIG12 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the first connecting block of the present invention;
图13为本发明中换位移动组件的轴测图；FIG13 is an axonometric view of the transposition moving assembly of the present invention;
图14为本发明中接收板的轴测剖视图；FIG14 is an isometric cross-sectional view of a receiving plate in the present invention;
图15为图14中B处的放大图；FIG15 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG14;
图16为图14中C处的放大图；FIG16 is an enlarged view of point C in FIG14;
图17为本发明对第一增材零件进行检测时的轴测剖视图；FIG17 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the first additive part when inspecting the first additive part according to the present invention;
图18为第一连接块脱离调位盒后本发明的侧视结构示意图；FIG18 is a side view of the structure of the present invention after the first connecting block is separated from the positioning box;
图19为第二连接块与调位盒连接到一起后本发明的侧视结构示意图；FIG19 is a side view of the structure of the present invention after the second connecting block and the positioning box are connected together;
图20为本发明对第二增材零件进行检测时的轴测剖视图。FIG. 20 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the present invention when testing the second additive part.
附图标记包括：Reference numerals include:
1-下壳体、11-装配平面、12-第一腔室、2-转台、3-上壳体、31-第一壳体、311-第一限位滑道、312-插槽、313-弧形避让槽、314-条形避让槽、32-第二壳体、33-第二腔室、34-第三腔室、4-第一检测组件、41-第一驱动器、42-等离子检测器、43-调位盒、431-第一装配腔、432-弧形面、433-第二插板、434-避让孔、435-锁定孔、44-第二驱动器、441-第一连接块、4411-第一弧形锁定槽、442-第一电动伸缩杆、443-锁定组件、4431-弧形锁定杆、4432-施力板、44321-凸板、4433-第二旋转电机、45-第三驱动器、46-滑动限位组件、461-夹板、462-第六驱动器、463-第一插板、5-第二检测组件、51-摆动杆、52-光线发射器、53-基座、54-光线感受器、55-配重块、56-第四驱动器、6-换位移动组件、61-接收板、611-第二限位滑道、612-第二装配腔、613-第三限位滑道、62-第五驱动器、63-第二连接块、631-第二弧形锁定槽、64-第七驱动器、641-第二电动伸缩杆、642-连接板、643-牵引组件、6431-第三连接块、64311-第三插板、6432-拉拽组件、64321-转向轮、64322-收纳轮、64323-第一旋转电机、64324-牵引带、7-控制器、8-第一基材、81-第一增材零件、9-第二基材、91-第二增材零件。1-lower shell, 11-assembly plane, 12-first chamber, 2-turntable, 3-upper shell, 31-first shell, 311-first limit slide, 312-slot, 313-arc avoidance groove, 314-strip avoidance groove, 32-second shell, 33-second chamber, 34-third chamber, 4-first detection component, 41-first driver, 42-plasma detector, 43-positioning box, 431-first assembly chamber, 432 -arc surface, 433-second plug plate, 434-avoidance hole, 435-locking hole, 44-second driver, 441-first connecting block, 4411-first arc-shaped locking groove, 442-first electric telescopic rod, 443-locking assembly, 4431-arc-shaped locking rod, 4432-force plate, 44321-convex plate, 4433-second rotating motor, 45-third driver, 46-sliding limit assembly, 461-clamp, 46 2-sixth driver, 463-first plug plate, 5-second detection assembly, 51-swing rod, 52-light transmitter, 53-base, 54-light receptor, 55-weight block, 56-fourth driver, 6-transposition moving assembly, 61-receiving plate, 611-second limiting slide, 612-second assembly cavity, 613-third limiting slide, 62-fifth driver, 63-second connecting block, 631-second arc locking groove, 6 4-the seventh drive, 641-the second electric telescopic rod, 642-the connecting plate, 643-the traction assembly, 6431-the third connecting block, 64311-the third plug plate, 6432-the pulling assembly, 64321-the steering wheel, 64322-the storage wheel, 64323-the first rotating motor, 64324-the traction belt, 7-the controller, 8-the first substrate, 81-the first additive part, 9-the second substrate, 91-the second additive part.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
请参阅图1-20，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种增材制造零件的缺陷在线检测装置，包括下壳体1、转台2、上壳体3、第一检测组件4和两个第二检测组件5。转台2设在下壳体1内的第一腔室12中，上壳体3的底面抵接下壳体1顶部的装配平面11，将上壳体3与提升装置（如电动伸缩杆）的输出端相连，即可带动上壳体3上下移动。上壳体3的内部设有第二腔室33和第三腔室34，第三腔室34内可以设置增材制造装置（增材制造装置图中未示出），当上壳体3与下壳体1分离后，即可将基材放置在转台2的顶面。当上壳体3与下壳体1扣合后，通过增材制造装置在基材上加工出实体零件。Please refer to Figures 1-20. The present invention provides a technical solution: an online defect detection device for additively manufactured parts, comprising a lower shell 1, a turntable 2, an upper shell 3, a first detection component 4 and two second detection components 5. The turntable 2 is arranged in the first chamber 12 in the lower shell 1, and the bottom surface of the upper shell 3 abuts against the assembly plane 11 at the top of the lower shell 1. The upper shell 3 is connected to the output end of the lifting device (such as an electric telescopic rod) to drive the upper shell 3 to move up and down. The interior of the upper shell 3 is provided with a second chamber 33 and a third chamber 34. An additive manufacturing device (not shown in the figure of the additive manufacturing device) can be arranged in the third chamber 34. When the upper shell 3 is separated from the lower shell 1, the substrate can be placed on the top surface of the turntable 2. When the upper shell 3 is buckled with the lower shell 1, a solid part is processed on the substrate by the additive manufacturing device.
请参阅图1-3，第一检测组件4设在第二腔室33内，两个第二检测组件5均设在第三腔室34内，且分别位于转台2的两侧。当增材零件制造完成后，本发明可通过第一检测组件4检测增材零件孔洞的缺陷。由于水平方向上的长度较长的基材，在经过增材制造后，基材两端可能会出现变形，本发明还可以通过第二检测组件5检测增材零件变形的缺陷。Referring to FIGS. 1-3 , the first detection component 4 is disposed in the second chamber 33, and the two second detection components 5 are disposed in the third chamber 34 and are respectively located on both sides of the turntable 2. When the additive part is manufactured, the present invention can detect the defects of the holes of the additive part through the first detection component 4. Due to the long length of the substrate in the horizontal direction, deformation may occur at both ends of the substrate after additive manufacturing. The present invention can also detect the defects of deformation of the additive part through the second detection component 5.
实施例一Embodiment 1
请参阅图3-4、图9和图17，第一检测组件4包括第一驱动器41和等离子检测器42。第一驱动器41能够驱动等离子检测器42在空间内做三维运动，对增材零件的不同位置进行检测。在本实施例中，第一驱动器41是机械臂，在其他实施例中，第一驱动器41还可以是多个电动伸缩杆的组合。在本实施例中，第一检测组件4与下壳体1外侧的控制器7电性连接，控制器7能够将数据传输给外接的控制电脑，实现增材零件缺陷的在线检测。等离子检测器42包括装配壳，装配壳上设有光谱仪、光谱仪探头、激光器、扫描振镜、干涉仪、检测探头、准直器和分光镜，光谱仪、激光器和干涉仪。等离子检测器42能够对增材零件形成激光辐照点，激励增材零件的表面，产生含有超声波信息的光信号和含有元素成分信息的光谱信号（含有元素成分信息的光谱信号为等离子体光谱），并且，接收含有超声波信息的光信号，以及含有元素成分信息的光谱信号，对应得到增材零件表面的应力缺陷和元素成分，检测增材零件孔洞的缺陷。本发明所使用的等离子检测器42为现有技术，不在赘述。Please refer to Figures 3-4, 9 and 17. The first detection component 4 includes a first driver 41 and a plasma detector 42. The first driver 41 can drive the plasma detector 42 to perform three-dimensional movement in space to detect different positions of the additive part. In this embodiment, the first driver 41 is a mechanical arm. In other embodiments, the first driver 41 can also be a combination of multiple electric telescopic rods. In this embodiment, the first detection component 4 is electrically connected to the controller 7 on the outside of the lower shell 1, and the controller 7 can transmit data to an external control computer to achieve online detection of defects in additive parts. The plasma detector 42 includes an assembly shell, on which a spectrometer, a spectrometer probe, a laser, a scanning galvanometer, an interferometer, a detection probe, a collimator and a spectroscope, a spectrometer, a laser and an interferometer are provided. The plasma detector 42 can form a laser irradiation point on the additive part, stimulate the surface of the additive part, generate a light signal containing ultrasonic information and a spectrum signal containing elemental composition information (the spectrum signal containing elemental composition information is a plasma spectrum), and receive the light signal containing ultrasonic information and the spectrum signal containing elemental composition information, and obtain the stress defects and elemental composition of the surface of the additive part, and detect the defects of the holes of the additive part. The plasma detector 42 used in the present invention is a prior art and will not be described in detail.
请参阅图1、图5-6和图20，第二检测组件5包括摆动杆51、光线发射器52、基座53和光线感受器54，第二检测组件5与下壳体1外侧的控制器7电性连接。光线发射器52设在摆动杆51的第二端部，当基材放置到转台2的顶面后，将摆动杆51的第一端部搭在基材端部的顶面，光线发射器52向光线感受器54射出光线，光线感受器54在接收到光线后将接收光线的位置坐标信息发送给控制器7。若在增材制造过程中，基材发生了变形，例如基材两端向上翘起，基材端部会带动摆动杆51的第一端部向上移动，由于摆动杆51与基座53铰接，因此摆动杆51的第二端部会向下移动，光线感受器54接收到的光线的位置信息会发生变化，光线感受器54将改变后光线的位置坐标信息发送给控制器7。控制器7计算位置坐标信息的差值，一旦超出先限定的范围，即代表基材与增材零件成形质量不合格。由于基座53与摆动杆51的第一端部之间的距离小于基座53与摆动杆51的第二端部之间的距离，因此第二检测组件5能够放大基材端部的变形量，便于计算。Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 5-6 and FIG. 20 , the second detection assembly 5 includes a swinging rod 51, a light emitter 52, a base 53 and a light receptor 54, and the second detection assembly 5 is electrically connected to the controller 7 on the outer side of the lower housing 1. The light emitter 52 is arranged at the second end of the swinging rod 51. When the substrate is placed on the top surface of the turntable 2, the first end of the swinging rod 51 is placed on the top surface of the substrate end, and the light emitter 52 emits light to the light receptor 54. After receiving the light, the light receptor 54 sends the position coordinate information of the received light to the controller 7. If the substrate is deformed during the additive manufacturing process, for example, the two ends of the substrate are tilted upward, the end of the substrate will drive the first end of the swinging rod 51 to move upward. Since the swinging rod 51 is hinged with the base 53, the second end of the swinging rod 51 will move downward, and the position information of the light received by the light receptor 54 will change. The light receptor 54 sends the position coordinate information of the changed light to the controller 7. The controller 7 calculates the difference of the position coordinate information. Once it exceeds the pre-defined range, it means that the forming quality of the substrate and the additive part is unqualified. Since the distance between the base 53 and the first end of the swing rod 51 is smaller than the distance between the base 53 and the second end of the swing rod 51 , the second detection component 5 can amplify the deformation of the end of the substrate for easy calculation.
实施例二Embodiment 2
在实施例一的基础上，请参阅图1-2和图6，上壳体3包括第一壳体31和第二壳体32，第一壳体31的截面为圆形，第二壳体32的截面为矩形。第二腔室33位于第一壳体31的内部，第三腔室34位于第二壳体32的内部。请参阅图4，第一检测组件4还包括调位盒43、第二驱动器44和第三驱动器45。请参阅图17-20，在本实施例中，第一驱动器41固定设置在调位盒43的外侧壁上，第一基材8顶部的第一增材零件81呈筒状，第二驱动器44能够驱动调位盒43上下移动，第三驱动器45能够驱动第二驱动器44做圆周运动，保证等离子检测器42能够对第一增材零件81表面的任意位置进行检测。在本实施例中，第三驱动器45包括电机和长杆，电机旋转时，即可通过长杆带动第二驱动器44做圆周运动，最终带动等离子检测器42做圆周运动。在其他实施例中，第三驱动器45也可以是电机、齿轮和环形齿条和架体的组合，同样可以带动第二驱动器44做圆周运动。On the basis of the first embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-2 and 6. The upper shell 3 includes a first shell 31 and a second shell 32. The cross section of the first shell 31 is circular, and the cross section of the second shell 32 is rectangular. The second chamber 33 is located inside the first shell 31, and the third chamber 34 is located inside the second shell 32. Please refer to Figure 4. The first detection assembly 4 also includes a positioning box 43, a second driver 44 and a third driver 45. Please refer to Figures 17-20. In this embodiment, the first driver 41 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the positioning box 43. The first additive part 81 on the top of the first substrate 8 is cylindrical. The second driver 44 can drive the positioning box 43 to move up and down, and the third driver 45 can drive the second driver 44 to make a circular motion, so as to ensure that the plasma detector 42 can detect any position on the surface of the first additive part 81. In this embodiment, the third driver 45 includes a motor and a long rod. When the motor rotates, the second driver 44 can be driven to make a circular motion through the long rod, and finally the plasma detector 42 can be driven to make a circular motion. In other embodiments, the third driver 45 may also be a combination of a motor, a gear, an annular rack and a frame, and can also drive the second driver 44 to perform circular motion.
在实施例一的基础上，请参阅图1、图3和图5，第二检测组件5还包括配重块55和第四驱动器56。请参阅图20，第二基材9顶部的第二增材零件91呈长方体形状，且长度延伸方向与第二基材9的长度延伸方向相同。配重块55固定设置在摆动杆51的第一端部，可以保证摆动杆51的第一端部始终与基材的顶面贴合。摆动杆51的第一端部呈L形结构，配重块55的底面位置高于摆动杆51的第一端部的端面的位置，可以保证配重块55不会与基材接触，摆动杆51的第一端部的端面可以设置橡胶块，避免基材受到损伤。On the basis of the first embodiment, please refer to Figures 1, 3 and 5, the second detection component 5 also includes a counterweight 55 and a fourth driver 56. Please refer to Figure 20, the second additive part 91 on the top of the second substrate 9 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the length extension direction is the same as the length extension direction of the second substrate 9. The counterweight 55 is fixedly arranged at the first end of the swing rod 51, which can ensure that the first end of the swing rod 51 is always in contact with the top surface of the substrate. The first end of the swing rod 51 is an L-shaped structure, and the bottom surface position of the counterweight 55 is higher than the end surface position of the first end of the swing rod 51, which can ensure that the counterweight 55 will not contact the substrate. The end surface of the first end of the swing rod 51 can be provided with a rubber block to prevent damage to the substrate.
请参阅图1、图3、图5和图20，第四驱动器56的输出端与基座53相连，在基材放置到转台2的顶面之前，第四驱动器56通过基座53带动摆动杆51远离转台2，因此第二检测组件5不会对放置基材的过程造成阻碍。当基材放置到转台2的顶面之后，第四驱动器56通过基座53带动摆动杆51靠近转台2，使得摆动杆51的第一端部搭在基材端部的顶面。在本实施例中，第四驱动器56由两个电动伸缩杆以及滑动块组合而成，在其他实施例中，第四驱动器56也可以是机械臂。Please refer to Figures 1, 3, 5 and 20. The output end of the fourth driver 56 is connected to the base 53. Before the substrate is placed on the top surface of the turntable 2, the fourth driver 56 drives the swing rod 51 away from the turntable 2 through the base 53, so that the second detection component 5 will not hinder the process of placing the substrate. After the substrate is placed on the top surface of the turntable 2, the fourth driver 56 drives the swing rod 51 to approach the turntable 2 through the base 53, so that the first end of the swing rod 51 rests on the top surface of the substrate end. In this embodiment, the fourth driver 56 is composed of two electric telescopic rods and a sliding block. In other embodiments, the fourth driver 56 can also be a mechanical arm.
实施例三Embodiment 3
在实施例二的基础上，请参阅图1-3，本发明还包括两个换位移动组件6，换位移动组件6与控制器7电性连接。两个换位移动组件6分别位于转台2的两侧，两个第二检测组件5均位于两个换位移动组件6之间。请参阅图18-20，当增材零件在水平方向上的长度大于在竖直方向上的高度时，即便第三驱动器45带动等离子检测器42做圆周运动，也不能实现对增材零件表面的任意位置进行检测。在这种情况下，调位盒43能够脱离第二驱动器44，并与第一驱动器41和等离子检测器42一同移动至换位移动组件6上，使得等离子检测器42更加接近增材零件，换位移动组件6能够带动调位盒43在水平方向上做往复运动，实现对增材零件表面的任意位置进行检测。On the basis of the second embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-3, the present invention also includes two transposition moving components 6, and the transposition moving components 6 are electrically connected to the controller 7. The two transposition moving components 6 are respectively located on both sides of the turntable 2, and the two second detection components 5 are located between the two transposition moving components 6. Please refer to Figures 18-20, when the length of the additive part in the horizontal direction is greater than the height in the vertical direction, even if the third driver 45 drives the plasma detector 42 to make a circular motion, it is not possible to detect any position on the surface of the additive part. In this case, the adjustment box 43 can be separated from the second driver 44, and move to the transposition moving component 6 together with the first driver 41 and the plasma detector 42, so that the plasma detector 42 is closer to the additive part, and the transposition moving component 6 can drive the adjustment box 43 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction to detect any position on the surface of the additive part.
请参阅图13，换位移动组件6包括接收板61和第五驱动器62。请参阅图2、图13-14和图17-20，当需要等离子检测器42做圆周运动时，第五驱动器62带动接收板61向远离转台2一侧移动，换位移动组件6不会对等离子检测器42的移动造成阻碍。当需要等离子检测器42做往复运动时，第五驱动器62带动接收板61和调位盒43一同靠近转台2，调位盒43脱离第二驱动器44后会落在接收板61上，换位移动组件6带动调位盒43做往复运动，等离子检测器42对增材零件进行检测。在本实施例中，第五驱动器62由电机、螺纹杆，滑动架和电动伸缩杆组合而成，电动伸缩杆固定设置在滑动架上，且输出端与接收板61相连，能够带动接收板61上下移动。电机能够带螺纹杆旋转，进而带动滑动架靠近或远离转台2，最终带动接收板61靠近或远离转台2。在其他实施例中，第五驱动器62也可以由多个电动伸缩杆组合而成。Please refer to FIG. 13 , the transposition moving assembly 6 includes a receiving plate 61 and a fifth driver 62. Please refer to FIG. 2 , FIG. 13-14 and FIG. 17-20 , when the plasma detector 42 is required to make a circular motion, the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 to move away from the turntable 2, and the transposition moving assembly 6 will not hinder the movement of the plasma detector 42. When the plasma detector 42 is required to make a reciprocating motion, the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 and the positioning box 43 to approach the turntable 2 together, and the positioning box 43 will fall on the receiving plate 61 after being separated from the second driver 44, and the transposition moving assembly 6 drives the positioning box 43 to make a reciprocating motion, and the plasma detector 42 detects the additive parts. In this embodiment, the fifth driver 62 is composed of a motor, a threaded rod, a sliding frame and an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding frame, and the output end is connected to the receiving plate 61, which can drive the receiving plate 61 to move up and down. The motor can rotate the threaded rod, thereby driving the sliding frame to move closer to or farther from the turntable 2, and finally driving the receiving plate 61 to move closer to or farther from the turntable 2. In other embodiments, the fifth driver 62 can also be composed of a plurality of electric telescopic rods.
请参阅图4和图10，第二驱动器44包括第一连接块441、第一电动伸缩杆442和锁定组件443。第一电动伸缩杆442的输出端与第一连接块441相连，第一电动伸缩杆442与第三驱动器45的输出端相连。当第一连接块441位于调位盒43内的第一装配腔431中时，锁定组件443能够将第一连接块441与调位盒43固定在一起。此时第三驱动器45能够带动第一电动伸缩杆442做圆周运动，进而带动调位盒43和等离子检测器42做圆周运动。当需要等离子检测器42做往复运动时，锁定组件443释放第一连接块441，第一连接块441与调位盒43分离，调位盒43下落到接收板61上。Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 10 , the second driver 44 includes a first connection block 441, a first electric telescopic rod 442 and a locking assembly 443. The output end of the first electric telescopic rod 442 is connected to the first connection block 441, and the first electric telescopic rod 442 is connected to the output end of the third driver 45. When the first connection block 441 is located in the first assembly cavity 431 in the positioning box 43, the locking assembly 443 can fix the first connection block 441 and the positioning box 43 together. At this time, the third driver 45 can drive the first electric telescopic rod 442 to perform circular motion, and then drive the positioning box 43 and the plasma detector 42 to perform circular motion. When the plasma detector 42 is required to perform reciprocating motion, the locking assembly 443 releases the first connection block 441, the first connection block 441 is separated from the positioning box 43, and the positioning box 43 falls onto the receiving plate 61.
实施例四Embodiment 4
在实施例三的基础上，请参阅图1-2、图10-11和图17，调位盒43的外侧壁上设有弧形面432，弧形面432与第一壳体31的内壁贴合，当调位盒43做圆周运动或向下掉落时，均沿着第一壳体31的内壁滑动。请参阅图4、图6-7和图10，第一连接块441的两侧各设有一个滑动限位组件46，第一壳体31的内壁底部设有两个第一限位滑道311，第一限位滑道311呈C字形结构。当调位盒43向下掉落时，滑动限位组件46的输出端能够伸入第一限位滑道311内，保证调位盒43能够竖直向下掉落，不会出现倾斜的情况。On the basis of the third embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-2, 10-11 and 17. The outer wall of the position adjustment box 43 is provided with an arc surface 432, and the arc surface 432 is in contact with the inner wall of the first shell 31. When the position adjustment box 43 makes a circular motion or falls downward, it slides along the inner wall of the first shell 31. Please refer to Figures 4, 6-7 and 10. A sliding limit assembly 46 is provided on each side of the first connecting block 441. Two first limit slideways 311 are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the first shell 31. The first limit slideway 311 is in a C-shaped structure. When the position adjustment box 43 falls downward, the output end of the sliding limit assembly 46 can extend into the first limit slideway 311, ensuring that the position adjustment box 43 can fall vertically downward without tilting.
请参阅图10，滑动限位组件46包括夹板461、第六驱动器462和第一插板463，夹板461和第一插板463的截面均为矩形。请参阅图18，当需要等离子检测器42做往复运动时，第三驱动器45首先带动调位盒43旋转至第一限位滑道311的位置，此时两个滑动限位组件46分别对准相邻的两个第一限位滑道311，接下来第六驱动器462带动夹板461旋转180°。请参阅图6-7，夹板461旋转后会与第一限位滑道311的中段内壁贴合，第一插板463跟随夹板461一同旋转，随后进入第一限位滑道311的中段内壁上的插槽312内。Please refer to FIG10 . The sliding limit assembly 46 includes a clamping plate 461, a sixth driver 462 and a first plug-in plate 463. The cross-sections of the clamping plate 461 and the first plug-in plate 463 are both rectangular. Please refer to FIG18 . When the plasma detector 42 is required to make a reciprocating motion, the third driver 45 first drives the adjustment box 43 to rotate to the position of the first limit slide 311. At this time, the two sliding limit assemblies 46 are respectively aligned with the two adjacent first limit slides 311. Next, the sixth driver 462 drives the clamping plate 461 to rotate 180°. Please refer to FIG6-7 . After the clamping plate 461 rotates, it will fit with the inner wall of the middle section of the first limit slide 311. The first plug-in plate 463 rotates with the clamping plate 461 and then enters the slot 312 on the inner wall of the middle section of the first limit slide 311.
接下来第一电动伸缩杆442伸长，带动第一连接块441、调位盒43和夹板461体统向下移动一小段距离，其目的是为了保证夹板461能够完全进入第一限位滑道311的中段内，第一插板463完全进入插槽312内。与此同时第五驱动器62带动接收板61向上移动，调位盒43刚好落到接收板61上。接下来锁定组件443释放第一连接块441，第五驱动器62带动接收板61向下移动，调位盒43在重力作用下跟随接收板61向下移动，由于夹板461和第一插板463分别被第一限位滑道311和插槽312限制住，调位盒43只能竖直下落，不能倾斜。Next, the first electric telescopic rod 442 extends, driving the first connection block 441, the positioning box 43 and the clamping plate 461 to move downward a short distance, in order to ensure that the clamping plate 461 can completely enter the middle section of the first limiting slide 311, and the first plug plate 463 can completely enter the slot 312. At the same time, the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 to move upward, and the positioning box 43 just falls on the receiving plate 61. Next, the locking assembly 443 releases the first connection block 441, and the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 to move downward. The positioning box 43 moves downward with the receiving plate 61 under the action of gravity. Since the clamping plate 461 and the first plug plate 463 are respectively limited by the first limiting slide 311 and the slot 312, the positioning box 43 can only fall vertically and cannot tilt.
当夹板461移动至第一限位滑道311的底部时，第六驱动器462带动夹板461反向旋转180°，夹板461和第一插板463离开第一限位滑道311。在本实施例中，请参阅图7-8，插槽312的顶部和底部均设有弧形避让槽313，因此第一插板463在旋转的过程中不会与第一限位滑道311的内壁发生干涉。When the clamping plate 461 moves to the bottom of the first limiting slide 311, the sixth driver 462 drives the clamping plate 461 to rotate 180° in the opposite direction, and the clamping plate 461 and the first plug plate 463 leave the first limiting slide 311. In this embodiment, referring to FIGS. 7-8, arc-shaped avoidance grooves 313 are provided at the top and bottom of the slot 312, so that the first plug plate 463 will not interfere with the inner wall of the first limiting slide 311 during the rotation process.
当调位盒43落到接收板61上后，等离子检测器42能够对增材零件的一侧进行检测，若想对增材零件的另一侧进行检测，首先第六驱动器462带动夹板461旋转180°，夹板461和第一插板463重新进入第一限位滑道311内，接着第五驱动器62带动接收板61向上移动，锁定组件443重新将第一连接块441与调位盒43连接到一起。接着第五驱动器62带动接收板61向下，并且远离转台2，随后第三驱动器45带动调位盒43做圆周运动旋转180°。最后将调位盒43放置在另一侧的接收板61上即可。When the positioning box 43 falls onto the receiving plate 61, the plasma detector 42 can detect one side of the additive part. If you want to detect the other side of the additive part, first the sixth driver 462 drives the clamping plate 461 to rotate 180°, and the clamping plate 461 and the first plug plate 463 re-enter the first limiting slide 311, and then the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 to move upward, and the locking assembly 443 reconnects the first connecting block 441 and the positioning box 43. Then the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 downward and away from the turntable 2, and then the third driver 45 drives the positioning box 43 to rotate 180° in a circular motion. Finally, the positioning box 43 is placed on the receiving plate 61 on the other side.
在本实施例中，由于第五驱动器62能够带动接收板61向上移动接住调位盒43，因此可以缩短第一电动伸缩杆442的长度，保证第一电动伸缩杆442伸长至极限位置时，第一连接块441也不会移动至第一壳体31的下方，第一连接块441永远不会与接收板61接触碰撞，还起到减轻第一检测组件4的重量的效果。In this embodiment, since the fifth driver 62 can drive the receiving plate 61 to move upward to receive the positioning box 43, the length of the first electric telescopic rod 442 can be shortened to ensure that when the first electric telescopic rod 442 is extended to the limit position, the first connecting block 441 will not move to the bottom of the first shell 31, and the first connecting block 441 will never contact and collide with the receiving plate 61, thereby reducing the weight of the first detection component 4.
在本实施例中，第六驱动器462共有两个，分别设在两个夹板461的下方，第六驱动器462由电机和竖杆组合而成。在其他实施例中，第六驱动器462也可以只设有一个，第六驱动器462由电机、若干带轮、若干传动带和若干竖杆组合而成，仅由一个电机及可带动两侧的夹板461同时旋转。In this embodiment, there are two sixth drivers 462, which are respectively arranged below the two clamping plates 461, and the sixth drivers 462 are composed of a motor and a vertical rod. In other embodiments, there can be only one sixth driver 462, which is composed of a motor, a plurality of pulleys, a plurality of transmission belts and a plurality of vertical rods, and only one motor can drive the clamping plates 461 on both sides to rotate simultaneously.
实施例五Embodiment 5
在实施例三的基础上，请参阅图10-11、图13和图18，调位盒43的底面固定设置设有第二插板433，接收板61的顶面设有第二限位滑道611。当调位盒43落到接收板61上时，第二插板433刚好插入第二限位滑道611中。请参阅图13，换位移动组件6还包括第二连接块63和第七驱动器64，第七驱动器64设在接收板61侧壁上的第二装配腔612中，能够驱动第二连接块63靠近或远离转台2。On the basis of the third embodiment, please refer to Figures 10-11, 13 and 18, the bottom surface of the position adjustment box 43 is fixedly provided with a second plug plate 433, and the top surface of the receiving plate 61 is provided with a second limiting slide 611. When the position adjustment box 43 falls on the receiving plate 61, the second plug plate 433 is just inserted into the second limiting slide 611. Please refer to Figure 13, the transposition moving assembly 6 also includes a second connecting block 63 and a seventh driver 64, and the seventh driver 64 is arranged in the second assembly cavity 612 on the side wall of the receiving plate 61, and can drive the second connecting block 63 to approach or move away from the turntable 2.
请参阅图10-11和图18-19，调位盒43的外侧壁上设有避让孔434，当夹板461和第一插板463离开第一限位滑道311后，此时第五驱动器62工作带动接收板61向下移动，第二连接块63移动至第一壳体31的下方。接下来第七驱动器64工作，带动第二连接块63穿过避让孔434伸入第一装配腔431内，随后第七驱动器64带动第二连接块63做往复运动，等离子检测器42可以对增材零件进行检测。Please refer to Figures 10-11 and 18-19. The outer wall of the positioning box 43 is provided with an avoidance hole 434. When the clamping plate 461 and the first plug plate 463 leave the first limiting slideway 311, the fifth driver 62 works to drive the receiving plate 61 to move downward, and the second connecting block 63 moves to the bottom of the first housing 31. Next, the seventh driver 64 works to drive the second connecting block 63 to pass through the avoidance hole 434 and extend into the first assembly cavity 431. Then, the seventh driver 64 drives the second connecting block 63 to reciprocate, and the plasma detector 42 can detect the additive parts.
请参阅图13-14，第七驱动器64包括第二电动伸缩杆641、连接板642和牵引组件643。第二电动伸缩杆641通过连接板642与第二连接块63相连，通过第二电动伸缩杆641的伸长与缩短，能够带动第二连接块63靠近或远离调位盒43。13-14 , the seventh driver 64 includes a second electric telescopic rod 641, a connecting plate 642 and a traction assembly 643. The second electric telescopic rod 641 is connected to the second connecting block 63 via the connecting plate 642, and the second electric telescopic rod 641 can extend or shorten to drive the second connecting block 63 closer to or farther from the positioning box 43.
请参阅图14-15，牵引组件643包括第三连接块6431和两个结构镜像对称的拉拽组件6432，第二电动伸缩杆641固定设置在第三连接块6431的侧壁上，通过两个拉拽组件6432能够带动第三连接块6431在水平方向上往复移动，最终带动第二连接块63往复运动。第三连接块6431的顶面和底面均设有第三插板64311，第三插板64311能够沿第二装配腔612顶部和底部的第三限位滑道613滑动，保证第三连接块6431不会倾斜。Please refer to Figures 14-15. The traction assembly 643 includes a third connection block 6431 and two pulling assemblies 6432 with mirror-symmetrical structures. The second electric telescopic rod 641 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the third connection block 6431. The two pulling assemblies 6432 can drive the third connection block 6431 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, and finally drive the second connection block 63 to reciprocate. The top and bottom surfaces of the third connection block 6431 are both provided with a third plug plate 64311, and the third plug plate 64311 can slide along the third limiting slideway 613 at the top and bottom of the second assembly cavity 612 to ensure that the third connection block 6431 will not tilt.
请参阅图14-16，拉拽组件6432包括转向轮64321、收纳轮64322、第一旋转电机64323和牵引带64324，牵引带64324的两端分别与第三连接块6431和收纳轮64322的侧壁固定连接，两侧的牵引带64324均有一部分缠绕在收纳轮64322上。当需要带动调位盒43移动时，第三连接块6431两侧的第一旋转电机64323均正转，其中一侧的收纳轮64322释放牵引带64324，另一侧的收纳轮64322继续缠绕牵引带64324，两个牵引带64324共同带动第三连接块6431横向移动，进而带动第二连接块63移动，最终带动调位盒43移动。若第三连接块6431两侧的第一旋转电机64323均反转，即可带动调位盒43反向移动。当第三连接块6431两侧的第一旋转电机64323停止工作时，调位盒43能够立即停止移动，便于等离子检测器42对增材零件进行检测。Please refer to Figures 14-16. The pulling assembly 6432 includes a steering wheel 64321, a storage wheel 64322, a first rotating motor 64323 and a traction belt 64324. The two ends of the traction belt 64324 are respectively fixedly connected to the third connection block 6431 and the side wall of the storage wheel 64322. Parts of the traction belts 64324 on both sides are wound around the storage wheel 64322. When it is necessary to drive the position adjustment box 43 to move, the first rotating motors 64323 on both sides of the third connection block 6431 rotate forward, the storage wheel 64322 on one side releases the traction belt 64324, and the storage wheel 64322 on the other side continues to wind the traction belt 64324. The two traction belts 64324 jointly drive the third connection block 6431 to move horizontally, thereby driving the second connection block 63 to move, and finally driving the position adjustment box 43 to move. If the first rotating motors 64323 on both sides of the third connecting block 6431 are reversed, the positioning box 43 can be driven to move in the opposite direction. When the first rotating motors 64323 on both sides of the third connecting block 6431 stop working, the positioning box 43 can stop moving immediately, so that the plasma detector 42 can detect the additive part.
若想对增材零件的另一侧进行检测，第七驱动器64先带动第二连接块63先水平移动至第一限位滑道311的下方，第七驱动器64再带动第二连接块63离开调位盒43。接下来第五驱动器62带动接收板61向上移动，锁定组件443重新将第一连接块441与调位盒43连接到一起。接着第五驱动器62带动接收板61向下，并且远离转台2，随后第三驱动器45带动调位盒43做圆周运动旋转180°。最后将调位盒43放置在另一侧的接收板61上即可。If the other side of the additive part is to be inspected, the seventh driver 64 first drives the second connection block 63 to move horizontally to the bottom of the first limiting slide 311, and then the seventh driver 64 drives the second connection block 63 to leave the adjustment box 43. Next, the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 to move upward, and the locking assembly 443 reconnects the first connection block 441 and the adjustment box 43. Then the fifth driver 62 drives the receiving plate 61 downward and away from the turntable 2, and then the third driver 45 drives the adjustment box 43 to rotate 180° in a circular motion. Finally, the adjustment box 43 is placed on the receiving plate 61 on the other side.
实施例六Embodiment 6
在实施例五的基础上，请参阅图2、图10-12和图17-20，第一连接块441的侧壁上设有若干第一弧形锁定槽4411，第二连接块63的侧壁上设有若干第二弧形锁定槽631，调位盒43的侧壁上设有若干锁定孔435。锁定组件443包括若干弧形锁定杆4431、施力板4432和第二旋转电机4433，第二旋转电机4433固定设置在调位盒43的侧壁上，第二旋转电机4433的输出端与施力板4432上的凸板44321固定连接，若干弧形锁定杆4431均与施力板4432固定连接。On the basis of the fifth embodiment, please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 10-12 and Fig. 17-20, a plurality of first arc-shaped locking grooves 4411 are provided on the side wall of the first connection block 441, a plurality of second arc-shaped locking grooves 631 are provided on the side wall of the second connection block 63, and a plurality of locking holes 435 are provided on the side wall of the position adjustment box 43. The locking assembly 443 includes a plurality of arc-shaped locking rods 4431, a force plate 4432 and a second rotary motor 4433, the second rotary motor 4433 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the position adjustment box 43, the output end of the second rotary motor 4433 is fixedly connected to the convex plate 44321 on the force plate 4432, and the plurality of arc-shaped locking rods 4431 are fixedly connected to the force plate 4432.
请参阅图1-2、图4和图17，当第一连接块441伸入第一装配腔431内，第一弧形锁定槽4411与锁定孔435对齐时，第二旋转电机4433带动凸板44321正转，即可通过施力板4432带动弧形锁定杆4431插入锁定孔435以及第一弧形锁定槽4411内，使得第一连接块441与调位盒43连接在一起。第二旋转电机4433带动凸板44321反转，即可通过施力板4432带动弧形锁定杆4431脱离锁定孔435以及第一弧形锁定槽4411，使得第一连接块441与调位盒43分离。Please refer to Figures 1-2, 4 and 17. When the first connection block 441 extends into the first assembly cavity 431 and the first arc-shaped locking groove 4411 is aligned with the locking hole 435, the second rotary motor 4433 drives the convex plate 44321 to rotate forward, and the arc-shaped locking rod 4431 can be driven to insert into the locking hole 435 and the first arc-shaped locking groove 4411 through the force plate 4432, so that the first connection block 441 is connected to the adjustment box 43. The second rotary motor 4433 drives the convex plate 44321 to rotate reversely, and the arc-shaped locking rod 4431 can be driven to disengage from the locking hole 435 and the first arc-shaped locking groove 4411 through the force plate 4432, so that the first connection block 441 is separated from the adjustment box 43.
请参阅图18-20，当第二连接块63伸入第一装配腔431内，第二弧形锁定槽631与锁定孔435对齐时，第二旋转电机4433带动凸板44321正转，即可通过施力板4432带动弧形锁定杆4431插入锁定孔435以及第二弧形锁定槽631内，使得第二连接块63与调位盒43连接在一起。第二旋转电机4433带动凸板44321反转，即可通过施力板4432带动弧形锁定杆4431脱离锁定孔435以及第二弧形锁定槽631，使得第二连接块63与调位盒43分离。Please refer to Figures 18-20. When the second connection block 63 extends into the first assembly cavity 431 and the second arc-shaped locking groove 631 is aligned with the locking hole 435, the second rotary motor 4433 drives the convex plate 44321 to rotate forward, and the arc-shaped locking rod 4431 can be driven to insert into the locking hole 435 and the second arc-shaped locking groove 631 through the force plate 4432, so that the second connection block 63 is connected to the adjustment box 43. The second rotary motor 4433 drives the convex plate 44321 to rotate reversely, and the arc-shaped locking rod 4431 can be driven to disengage from the locking hole 435 and the second arc-shaped locking groove 631 through the force plate 4432, so that the second connection block 63 is separated from the adjustment box 43.
请参阅图1-3和图20，第二限位滑道611的长度小于接收板61的长度，保证调位盒43不会与第一壳体31的内壁发生碰撞。接收板61的两端与第二壳体32的内壁之间存在间隙，增材制造装置能够安装在换位移动组件6与第二壳体32的内壁之间，并且当本发明对增材零件进行检测时，增材制造装置能够缩回到第二腔室33中，不会对等离子检测器42的移动形成阻碍。请参阅图6-7和图20，第一壳体31的内壁底部设有两个条形避让槽314，当调位盒43移动至靠近接收板61的端部时，夹板461能够伸入条形避让槽314内，避免夹板461与第一壳体31的内壁发生碰撞。Please refer to Figures 1-3 and 20. The length of the second limiting slide 611 is less than the length of the receiving plate 61, ensuring that the adjustment box 43 will not collide with the inner wall of the first shell 31. There is a gap between the two ends of the receiving plate 61 and the inner wall of the second shell 32. The additive manufacturing device can be installed between the transposition moving component 6 and the inner wall of the second shell 32, and when the present invention detects the additive parts, the additive manufacturing device can be retracted into the second chamber 33, and will not hinder the movement of the plasma detector 42. Please refer to Figures 6-7 and 20. Two strip avoidance grooves 314 are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the first shell 31. When the adjustment box 43 moves to the end close to the receiving plate 61, the clamping plate 461 can extend into the strip avoidance groove 314 to prevent the clamping plate 461 from colliding with the inner wall of the first shell 31.
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411306395.8ACN118817701B (en) | 2024-09-19 | 2024-09-19 | Online defect detection device for additive manufacturing parts |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411306395.8ACN118817701B (en) | 2024-09-19 | 2024-09-19 | Online defect detection device for additive manufacturing parts |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118817701Atrue CN118817701A (en) | 2024-10-22 |
| CN118817701B CN118817701B (en) | 2024-11-19 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411306395.8AActiveCN118817701B (en) | 2024-09-19 | 2024-09-19 | Online defect detection device for additive manufacturing parts |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118817701B (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160185048A1 (en)* | 2014-11-18 | 2016-06-30 | Sigma Labs, Inc. | Multi-sensor quality inference and control for additive manufacturing processes |
| CN107402044A (en)* | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of online nondestructive detection system of metal increasing material manufacturing component quality and method |
| CN108802165A (en)* | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉大学 | Have the increasing material system of processing and method of spectrum ULTRASONIC COMPLEX on-line checking function |
| CN112378930A (en)* | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-19 | 张海强 | Pulse laser-based cladding layer surface and deep layer flaw detection method |
| CN113533525A (en)* | 2021-08-24 | 2021-10-22 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Synchronous detection system and method for metal additive materials based on the cooperation of laser ultrasonic and galvanometer |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160185048A1 (en)* | 2014-11-18 | 2016-06-30 | Sigma Labs, Inc. | Multi-sensor quality inference and control for additive manufacturing processes |
| CN107402044A (en)* | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-28 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of online nondestructive detection system of metal increasing material manufacturing component quality and method |
| CN108802165A (en)* | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉大学 | Have the increasing material system of processing and method of spectrum ULTRASONIC COMPLEX on-line checking function |
| CN112378930A (en)* | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-19 | 张海强 | Pulse laser-based cladding layer surface and deep layer flaw detection method |
| CN113533525A (en)* | 2021-08-24 | 2021-10-22 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Synchronous detection system and method for metal additive materials based on the cooperation of laser ultrasonic and galvanometer |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118817701B (en) | 2024-11-19 |
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