CN118784413B - Low computing power requirement mixed field channel estimation method, system, medium and computing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wireless mobile communication, and discloses a low-computation-power-demand mixed field channel estimation method, a system, a medium and a computing device, which comprise the steps of dividing an antenna array intoThe system comprises four sub-arrays, an angle domain DFT codebook, a sub-array, a geometrical relation of each sub-array, a codebook and a channel parameter estimation method, wherein the angles of the channel paths are estimated for the four sub-arrays respectively, if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are consistent, the angle domain DFT codebook is adopted to carry out parameter estimation of the paths, if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, the distance of the path is obtained by utilizing the geometrical relation of each sub-array, then the distance is utilized to generate the corresponding codebook, the parameters of the path are estimated, after a certain path is estimated, the part of the path is removed from a received signal until all the parameters of the path are estimated, and the channel estimation is completed. The invention solves the problem of inaccurate acquisition of high-precision channel information in a mixed field.

Description

Low-computational-power-demand mixed-field channel estimation method, system, medium and computing equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless mobile communication, in particular to a low-computation-power-demand mixed field channel estimation method, a system, a medium and computing equipment based on geometric relations.

Background

In order to meet the increasing service demands, the use of extremely high bandwidths provided by high frequency bands such as millimeter waves (30 GHz-300GHz,5G standard adoption), terahertz (0.1 THz-10 THz) and the like for mobile communication becomes an important technical means of future mobile communication networks. However, in the millimeter wave frequency band, the terahertz frequency band and the like with abundant frequency spectrum resources, serious path loss exists in wireless transmission, and the transmission process of the terahertz signal with the frequency band of 0.16 THz is taken as an example, and the serious path loss is as high as 80 dB/km. Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is recognized as one of the key technologies that address this challenge. By configuring an ultra-large-scale antenna array (such as 256 antennas), the large-scale MIMO technology forms a directional beam with extremely high array gain, which can compensate the path loss of a high-frequency band and improve the spectrum efficiency of the system.

The multipath quantity is usually small in a high-frequency communication system due to the high path attenuation of the high-frequency band signals, so that great convenience is provided for channel estimation, the received signals are transformed into an angle domain through a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) codebook, the angle parameters of each path can be extracted, and great convenience is provided for channel estimation. However, to compensate for the serious path attenuation problem of the high-band signal, the base station side usually adopts a large-scale antenna array to obtain a large energy gain, with the increasing size of the antenna, different paths of users in the large-scale MIMO communication system may be located in a far-field range, and some channels of a near-far mixed field (hereinafter referred to as mixed field) need to be estimated at this time, which results in the performance degradation of the conventional DFT codebook-based channel estimation method, because the conventional DFT codebook-based channel estimation method adopts a plane wave hypothesis, that is, it is assumed that the users are located in the far field of the base station antenna, and electromagnetic waves are approximately plane wave transmission, however, when the users are located in the near-field, the existing research shows that the electromagnetic waves cannot be approximately plane wave transmission, but are transmitted in the form of spherical waves, which results in no more sparseness of an angle domain corresponding to fourier transform, and if a conventional fourier transform-based channel estimation frame is adopted, serious progress loss of channel estimation will be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method, a system, a medium and a computing device for estimating a mixed field channel with low computational power requirements, which solve the problem of inaccurate acquisition of high-precision channel information in a mixed field.

The invention adopts the following technical proposal that the method for estimating the mixed field channel with low calculation force requirement comprises the steps of dividing an antenna array intoThe system comprises four sub-arrays, an angle domain DFT codebook, a sub-array, a geometrical relation of each sub-array, a codebook and a channel parameter estimation method, wherein the angles of the channel paths are estimated for the four sub-arrays respectively, if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are consistent, the angle domain DFT codebook is adopted to carry out parameter estimation of the paths, if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, the distance of the path is obtained by utilizing the geometrical relation of each sub-array, then the distance is utilized to generate the corresponding codebook, the parameters of the path are estimated, after a certain path is estimated, the part of the path is removed from a received signal until all the parameters of the path are estimated, and the channel estimation is completed.

Further, the antenna array is divided intoA sub-array for estimating angles of channel paths for the four sub-arrays, respectively, comprising:

Receiving signals from a base stationDividing into four parts according to subarrays, and utilizing DFT codebook for each subarrayCorrelating it;

and utilize DFT codebookReceiving signals from base stationCorrelating to obtain;

Respectively calculateThe number of the element with the largest value corresponds to the angle of the sub-array.

Further, DFT codebookThe method comprises the following steps:

Wherein,,,The number of antennas is;Representing the far field array response vector.

Further, the base station receives a signalThe method comprises the following steps:

wherein, P is the transmitting power,In the case of additive white gaussian noise,,The number of antennas; representing the channel.

Further, if the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are consistent, performing parameter estimation of the path by adopting an angle domain DFT codebook, including:

if the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are consistent, the user is positioned in the far-field range of the array, and the path gain of the path is obtained.

Further, if the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the distance of the stripe is obtained by using the geometric relationship of each subarray, then a corresponding codebook is generated by using the distance, and parameters of the stripe are estimated, including:

If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the fact that the user is located in the near field range of the array is indicated, and the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays is determined;

according to the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays, obtaining the relationship between the user position and the angle, combining the related information of the four subarrays, and determining the distance from the user to the center of the array;

generating a new near field codebook by using the distance from the user to the array center, and receiving signals to the base station by using the new near field codebookCorrelating to obtain an estimated value of the angle;

the corresponding path gain is obtained through the estimation value of the angle.

Further, the new near field codebook is:

Wherein,Is a new near field codebook;,, the number of antennas is;Representing a near field array response vector; is the distance of the user from the center of the array.

A low-computational-power-demand mixed-field channel estimation system comprises an array dividing module for dividing an antenna array into two antenna arraysThe system comprises four sub-arrays, a first sub-processing module, a second sub-processing module, a channel estimation module and a channel estimation module, wherein the four sub-arrays are used for respectively estimating angles of channel paths, the first sub-processing module is used for estimating parameters of the paths by adopting an angle domain DFT codebook if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are consistent, the second sub-processing module is used for obtaining the distance of the path by utilizing the geometric relation of the sub-arrays if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, then generating a corresponding codebook by utilizing the distance and estimating the parameters of the path, and the channel estimation module is used for removing parts of the path from a received signal after estimating the path until the parameters of all paths are estimated to finish channel estimation.

A computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform any of the methods described above.

A computing device includes one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising instructions for performing any of the methods described above.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

The invention provides a mixed field channel estimation method with low calculation force demand based on geometric relation, which can judge whether each path is positioned in an array far field or an array near field by utilizing angles obtained by each subarray by dividing an antenna array into 4 subarrays, thereby effectively judging a codebook which should be adopted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for estimating a mixed field channel with low computational power requirements according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagram of near field subarray geometry in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

In order to solve the problem of inaccurate channel estimation of a large-scale MIMO mixed field, the invention adopts a novel efficient channel estimation method capable of simultaneously and efficiently estimating far-field paths and near-field paths, and meanwhile, if the traditional near-field codebook is directly adopted for estimation, the size of the codebook is too large, and the dependence on calculation force is too large, so that the efficient channel estimation method with low calculation force requirement is needed.

The invention discloses a low-computation-power-demand mixed field channel estimation method based on a geometric relationship, which is characterized in that the geometric relationship of different subarrays of an antenna array is utilized to firstly judge whether a certain path is positioned in a near field range or a far field range of the array, if the path is positioned in the far field range, a traditional angle domain codebook such as a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) codebook is utilized to carry out channel estimation, if the path is positioned in the near field range, the geometric relationship of the array is firstly utilized to obtain the distance of the path, then the codebook with the corresponding distance is utilized to carry out channel estimation, and iteration is carried out until parameters of all paths are estimated, so that accurate channel information is obtained, and directional data transmission is carried out.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a low computational power demand mixed field channel estimation method is provided. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:

1) Dividing an antenna array intoThe sub-arrays are used for respectively estimating angles of channel paths for the four sub-arrays;

2) If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are consistent, performing path parameter estimation by adopting an angle domain DFT codebook;

3) If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the geometrical relationship of each subarray is utilized to obtain the distance of the strip diameter, then the distance is utilized to generate a corresponding codebook, and the parameters of the strip diameter are estimated;

4) After estimating a certain path, removing part of the path in the received signal, re-estimating the angle of the channel path, and repeating the steps 2) to 3) until the parameters of all paths are estimated, thus completing the channel estimation.

In the present embodiment, the number of antennas is assumed to beThe number of antennas of a user is 1, and the user channel can be expressed as:

Wherein,The channel is represented by a representation of the channel,Representing the far field path number and the near field path number respectively,Representing the path gains corresponding to the far-field path and the near-field path respectively,Respectively represent far fieldThe pitch angle and the azimuth angle corresponding to the paths,Respectively represent near field firstDistance, pitch angle and azimuth angle corresponding to the path.Representing a far field array response vector, expressed as:

Wherein,The wave number is represented by a number of waves,The frequency of the signal is represented by,The speed of light in the vacuum is indicated,Represent the firstThe elements.

Whereas in a near-field scenario,Representing a near field array response vector, expressed as:

;

Wherein:

。

in the step 1), the antenna array is divided intoThe sub-array, estimate the angle of the channel path to four sub-arrays separately, including the following steps:

1.1 A) receiving the signal from the base stationDivided into four parts according to subarrays, respectivelyThe dimensions are allUsing DFT codebooks for each sub-arrayCorrelating it;

In this embodiment, the user is required to transmit a known pilot signal, and the base station receives the signal assuming that the pilot signal is all 1The method comprises the following steps:

wherein, P is the transmitting power,In the case of additive white gaussian noise,,Representing the complex domain, i.eIs one dimension ofEach element in the vector is complex.

DFT codebookThe method comprises the following steps:

Wherein,,,The number of antennas is;Representing the far field array response vector.

1.2 Using DFT codebookReceiving signals from base stationCorrelating to obtainThe dimensions of the four vectors are all;

1.3 Respectively findThe serial number of the element with the largest value corresponds to the angle of the diameter relative to the subarray and is recorded as。

In the step 2), if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are identical, the parameter estimation of the path is performed by adopting the angle domain DFT codebook, specifically:

if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are identical, i.e. four groups of anglesEqual, it indicates that the user is in the far field range of the array, and the path gain of the path is obtained.

Path gain of the pathThe method comprises the following steps:

in the step 3), if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, the distance of the stripe is obtained by using the geometric relationship of each sub-array, then a corresponding codebook is generated by using the distance, and the parameters of the stripe are estimated, including the following steps:

3.1 If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the user is positioned in the near field range of the array, and the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays is determined, as shown in fig. 2, whereinRepresenting the coordinates of the centers of the subarrays;

3.2 According to the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays, obtaining the relationship between the user position and the angle, combining the related information of the four subarrays, and determining the distance from the user to the center of the array;

in this embodiment, the relationship between the user position and the angle is:

Wherein,The sequence number of the sub-array is indicated,Representing near field firstThe azimuth angle corresponding to the path of the beam,Representing near field firstPitch angle corresponding to the strip path.

And combining the related information of the four subarrays to obtain:

the leftmost large matrix is recorded asThe matrix on the right isThe location of the userCan be obtained by least square methodWhereinRepresentation ofPseudo-inverse of (2), the distance of the user from the center of the arrayThe method comprises the following steps:

3.3 Generating a new near field codebook using the distance from the user to the array center, and receiving signals to the base station using the new near field codebookCorrelating, i.e. solvingObtaining an estimated value of the angle;

in this embodiment, the new near field codebook is:

Wherein,Is a new near field codebook;,, the number of antennas is;Representing a near field array response vector; is the distance of the user from the center of the array.

The estimation value of the angle is obtained by solvingObtaining the estimated value of the angle by obtaining the serial number of the element with the maximum value。

3.4 Through angle estimation value corresponding to path gain:

It should be noted that, since the number of code words of the codebook at this time is proportional to the number of antenna units, the number of code words of the codebook is significantly reduced compared with that of the conventional near-field codebook, so that the computational complexity can be reduced and the computational power requirement can be saved.

After the corresponding parameters are obtained for this path, the received signal is receivedThe component of the path is removed, i.e. if the path is far-field,If this path is the near field,;

And iterating for multiple times until all paths are restored, so that channel estimation can be completed, and subsequent information transmission can be performed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a low computational power demand mixed field channel estimation system comprising:

array dividing module for dividing antenna array intoThe sub-arrays are used for respectively estimating angles of channel paths for the four sub-arrays;

the first sub-processing module is used for estimating parameters of the paths by adopting an angle domain DFT codebook if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are consistent;

The second sub-processing module is used for obtaining the distance of the strip path by utilizing the geometric relation of each sub-array if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, then generating a corresponding codebook by utilizing the distance, and estimating the parameters of the strip path;

and the channel estimation module is used for removing a part of a certain path from the received signal after the certain path is estimated until the parameters of all paths are estimated, and completing the channel estimation.

In the above embodiment, the antenna array is divided intoA sub-array for estimating angles of channel paths for the four sub-arrays, respectively, comprising:

Receiving signals from a base stationDividing into four parts according to subarrays, and utilizing DFT codebook for each subarrayCorrelating it;

and utilize DFT codebookReceiving signals from base stationCorrelating to obtain;

Respectively calculateThe number of the element with the largest value corresponds to the angle of the sub-array.

In the above embodiment, the DFT codebookThe method comprises the following steps:

Wherein,,,The number of antennas is;Representing the far field array response vector.

In the above embodiment, the base station receives the signalThe method comprises the following steps:

wherein, P is the transmitting power,In the case of additive white gaussian noise,,The number of antennas; representing the channel.

In the above embodiment, if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are identical, the parameter estimation of the path is performed by using the angle domain DFT codebook, which includes that if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are identical, it is indicated that the user is located in the far-field range of the array, and the path gain of the path is obtained.

In the above embodiment, if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, the distance of the stripe is obtained by using the geometric relationship of each sub-array, then a corresponding codebook is generated by using the distance, and the parameters of the stripe are estimated, including:

If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the fact that the user is located in the near field range of the array is indicated, and the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays is determined;

according to the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays, obtaining the relationship between the user position and the angle, combining the related information of the four subarrays, and determining the distance from the user to the center of the array;

generating a new near field codebook by using the distance from the user to the array center, and receiving signals to the base station by using the new near field codebookCorrelating to obtain an estimated value of the angle;

the corresponding path gain is obtained through the estimation value of the angle.

In the above embodiment, the new near field codebook is:

Wherein,Is a new near field codebook;,, the number of antennas is;Representing a near field array response vector; is the distance of the user from the center of the array.

The system provided in this embodiment is used to execute the above method embodiments, and specific flow and details refer to the above embodiments, which are not described herein.

In one embodiment of the invention, a computing device is provided, which may be a terminal, and may include a processor (processor), a communication interface (Communications Interface), a memory (memory), a display, and an input device. The processor, the communication interface and the memory complete communication with each other through a communication bus. The processor is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium storing an operating system and a computer program which when executed by the processor performs the methods of the embodiments described above, and an internal memory providing an environment for the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium to run. The communication interface is used for carrying out wired or wireless communication with an external terminal, and the wireless mode can be realized through WIFI, a manager network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, the input device can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, can also be a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computing equipment, and can also be an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like. The processor may invoke logic instructions in memory.

Further, the logic instructions in the memory described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. The storage medium includes a U disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, are capable of performing the methods provided by the method embodiments described above.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing server instructions that cause a computer to perform the methods provided by the above embodiments is provided.

The foregoing embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium, which has similar principles and technical effects to those of the foregoing method embodiment, and will not be described herein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method of low computational power demand mixed field channel estimation, comprising:

Dividing the antenna array into 2×2 subarrays, and estimating angles of channel paths for the four subarrays respectively;

if the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are consistent, carrying out parameter estimation of the channel diameter by adopting an angle domain DFT codebook;

If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the geometric relationship of each subarray is utilized to obtain the distance of the channel diameter, then the distance is utilized to generate a corresponding codebook, and the parameter of the channel diameter is estimated;

after a certain channel path is estimated, removing a part of the channel path from a received signal until all channel path parameters are estimated, and completing channel estimation;

dividing the antenna array into 2×2 sub-arrays, and estimating angles of channel paths for the four sub-arrays respectively, comprising:

Dividing a base station receiving signal y into four parts, namely y₁,y₂,y₃,y₄, according to subarrays, and correlating each subarray by using a DFT codebook F;

And the DFT codebook F is utilized to correlate the base station received signal y to obtain F^Hy₁,F^Hy₂,F^Hy₃,F^Hy₄;

The serial number of the element with the largest F^Hy₁,F^Hy₂,F^Hy₃,F^Hy₄ value is calculated, and the corresponding angle is the angle of the channel diameter relative to the subarray.

2. The low power requirement mixed field channel estimation method of claim 1, wherein the DFT codebook F is:

Wherein,n₁＝1,2,…,N₁,n₂＝1,2,…,N₂,Representing the pitch angle corresponding to the n₁ th channel path of the near field,The azimuth angle corresponding to the N₁ th channel path of the near field is shown, the antenna number is N=N₁×N₂, and a () shows the far field array response vector.

3. The low power requirement mixed field channel estimation method of claim 1, wherein the base station receives the signal y as:

wherein P is the transmitting power, w is the additive Gaussian white noise,N is the number of antennas, h is the channel.

4. The method of low power requirement mixed field channel estimation according to claim 1, wherein if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are identical, performing parameter estimation of the channel path by using an angle domain DFT codebook, comprising:

If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are consistent, the user is positioned in the far-field range of the array, and the channel path gain of the channel path is obtained.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are not identical, obtaining the distance of the channel path by using the geometric relationship of each sub-array, generating a corresponding codebook by using the distance, and estimating the parameters of the channel path, comprising:

If the angles corresponding to the four subarrays are inconsistent, the fact that the user is located in the near field range of the array is indicated, and the geometric relationship between the user and the four subarrays is determined;

Obtaining the relation between the user position and the angle according to the geometric relation between the user and the four subarrays, combining the related information of the four subarrays, and determining the distance from the user to the center of the array;

generating a new near field codebook by using the distance from the user to the array center, and correlating the base station receiving signal y by using the new near field codebook to obtain an estimated value of the angle;

And obtaining the corresponding channel path gain through the estimation value of the angle.

6. The low power requirement mixed field channel estimation method of claim 5, wherein the new near field codebook is:

Wherein G is a new near field codebook; n₁＝1,2,…,N₁,n₂＝1,2,…,N₂, the number of antennas is n=n₁×N₂,Representing the pitch angle corresponding to the n₁ th channel path of the near field,B () represents a near field array response vector; is the distance of the user from the center of the array.

7. A low computational power demand mixed field channel estimation system, comprising:

The array dividing module divides the antenna array into 2 multiplied by 2 subarrays, and estimates the angles of the channel paths for the four subarrays respectively;

The first sub-processing module is used for estimating parameters of the channel paths by adopting an angle domain DFT codebook if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are consistent;

the second sub-processing module is used for obtaining the distance of the channel path by utilizing the geometric relation of each sub-array if the angles corresponding to the four sub-arrays are inconsistent, then generating a corresponding codebook by utilizing the distance, and estimating the parameters of the channel path;

The channel estimation module removes the part of the channel path from the received signal after estimating a certain path until the parameters of all the channel paths are estimated, and completes the channel estimation;

dividing the antenna array into 2×2 sub-arrays, and estimating angles of channel paths for the four sub-arrays respectively, comprising:

Dividing a base station receiving signal y into four parts, namely y₁,y₂,y₃,y₄, according to subarrays, and correlating each subarray by using a DFT codebook F;

And the DFT codebook F is utilized to correlate the base station received signal y to obtain F^Hy₁,F^Hy₂,F^Hy₃,F^Hy₄;

The serial number of the element with the largest F^Hy₁,F^Hy₂,F^Hy₃,F^Hy₄ value is calculated, and the corresponding angle is the angle of the channel diameter relative to the subarray.

8. A computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs comprise instructions, which when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform any of the methods of claims 1-6.

9. A computing device comprising one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising instructions for performing any of the methods of claims 1-6.